Bit utility workbook

Dull bit gradingIADC : Dull Bit GradingCutting structureExample of bit grading : 2, 4, BT, M, E, X, (CT,WO), DTF.InnerOuterDull CharLocationBearings sealsGaugeOther dull charReason pulled123456781 -Inner cutting structure (All inner rows.)4 -Location2 -Outer cutting structure ( Gauge rows only.)Roller coneFixed cutterIn columns 1 and 2 a linear scale of 0 ---> 8 is used to describe the condition of the cutting structure according to the following guidelines for specific bit types.N- Nose rowG - Gauge rowC - ConeS - ShoulderSteel toothed bitsMeasure of lost tooth height due to abrasion and / or damageM - Middle rowA - All RowsN - NoseG - Guage0 -No loss of tooth heightState cone # or #'s I.e. 1, 2, or 3.T - TaperA - All areas8 -Total loss of toothInsert bitsMeasures total cutting structure reduction of lost, worn, & or broken inserts5 -Bearings and seals0 -No lost worn and / or broken insertsNon sealed bearingsSealed bearings8 -0% of inserts and / or cutting structure remaining.A linear scale estimating bearing life is usedE - Seals effectiveF - Seals failedFixed cutter bitsMeasure of lost tooth height due to abrasion and / or damage0 = No life used ---> 8, 100% bearing life usedN - Not able to gradeX - Fixed cutter bit0 -No lost, worn and / or broken cutting structure6 -Gauge8 -100% of cutting structure lost, worn and / or brokenx - in gauge1/16 - 1/16" out of gauge1/8 - 1/8" ut of gauge3/16-3/16" out of gauge3 -Dull characteristics1/4 - 1/14" out of gauge5/16 - 5/16" out of gauge3/8 -3/8" out of gauge7/16 - 7/16" out of gaugeNote:use only cutting structure related codes1/2 - 1/2" out of gauge9/16 - 9/16" out of gauge5/8 - 5/8" out of gaugeetc.BC - Broken cone *LN - Lost nozzle7 -Other dull characteristicsBF - Bond failureLT - Lost teeth and cuttersRefer to column 3 codesBT - Broken teeth and cuttersOC - Off centre wear8 -Reasons bit was pulled or run completedBU - Balled up bitPB - Pinched bitBHA- Change bottom hole assemblyHR - Hours on bitCC - Cracked cone *PN- Plugged nozzle or flow by areasDMF - Downhole motor failureLOG - Run logsCD - Cone dragged *RG - Rounded gaugeDTF - Downhole tool failurePP - Pump pressureCI - Cone interferenceRO - Ring outDSF - Drill string failurePR - Penetration rateCR - CoredSD - Shirttail damageDST - Drill stem testRig - Rig repairCT - Chipped Teeth & cuttersSS - Shelf sharpening wearDP - Drill PlugTD - Total depth / casing depthER - ErosionTR - Cone trackingCM - Condition mudTW - Twist offFC - Flat crested wearWO - Wash outCP - Core pointTQ - TorqueHC - Heat checkingWT - Worn teeth or cuttersFM - Formation changeWC - Weather conditionsLD - Junk damageNO - No dull characteristicsHP - Hole problemsLC - Lost cone ** Show cone # or #'s under location 4LIH - Left in hole

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Rock bitsIADC classification : Rock bitsSeriesFormation types12345678Milled tooth bits.Standard roller bearingRoller bearing air cooled3Sealed roller bearingSealed bearing, gauge protectedFriction bearingSealed friction bearing, gauge protection81Soft formations1. Very soft shaleLow compressive strengths2. Soft shales3. Medium soft shale / lime4. Medium lime shale2Medium - Medium hard formations1. & 2. Medium lime / shaleHigh compressive strengths3. Medium hard lime/sand/slate.3Hard1. Hard limeSemi-abrasive formations.2. Hard lime/dolomite3. Hard dolomiteTCI/Insert bits.4Soft formations1. Very soft shaleLow compressive strengths2. Soft shales.3. Medium soft shale / lime4. Medium lime shale.5Soft - medium hard formations1. Very soft shale / sand.Low compressive strengths2. Soft shale / sand.3. Medium soft shale / lime.6Medium - hard formations1. Medium lime / shale.High compressive strengths2. Medium hard lime / sand.3. Medium hard lime/sand/slate7Hard semi - abrasive1. Hard lime / dolomite.and abrasive formations2. Hard sand /dolomite.3. Hard dolomite.8Extremely hard & abrasive1. Hard chert.& abrasive2. Very hard chert.3. Hard granite.Insert manufacturers bit codes you use in your operational area into appropriate series/formation type

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PDCIADC classification : PDC bitsABCDBit bodyFormation typeCutting structureBit profile."M"Matrix1Very soft2PDC, 19mm1Short fishtail"S"Steel3PDC, 13mm2Short profile"D"Diamond4PDC, 8mm3Medium profile2Soft2PDC, 19mm4Long profileExample3PDC, 13mmMMatrix4PDC, 8mm4Medium3Soft to medium2PDC, 19mm3PDC 13mm3PDC, 13mm4Long profile4PDC, 8mm4Medium2PDC, 19mm3PDC, 13mm4PDC, 8mm5no code6Medium hard1Natural diamond2TSP3Combination7Hard1Natural diamond2TSP3Combination8Extremely hard1Natural diamond4Impregnated diamond

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4th char codesThe 4th Character IADC code.ManufacturerFeature and 4th CharacterSecurity / DBSHughesReedSmithAAir application (journal bearing with air nozzles)AAABSpecial bearing bitStandard **ATM*CCentre jetJ4C*JCCDDeviation controlD*A1EExtended jets (full length)ET*JXEGExtra gauge / body protectionG*, M*, D, SS*M*, D, GJKG, L, D, ODHHorizontal / Steering ApplicationHx*, SS*, MM*M*M*JJet deflectionJDJDBH*LLug padsLP*JLLMMotor applicationSS*, MM*, M*MAX*M*M*SStandard steel tooth modelTC*A1TTwo cone2*DDwEnhanced cutting structureDXPredominantly chisel toothed inserts-AYPredominantly conical insertsCFZOther shaped insertsC** Prefix, usually precedes bit number, others are suffices.** Special HDS seal available as standard feature.

&L &C&"Times New Roman,Bold"Kingdom drilling services Ltd.www.kingdomdrilling.co.uk &RPeter Aird:In 1987, the International association of drilling contractors, (IADC) initiated the use of a 4 character IADC system for roller cone bits. In 1992 the system was expanded to include more features. The system involves the combination of the traditional three numeral system with a fourth Alpha character. The fourth character clearly defines, additional features for roller cone bits regarding: cutting structures, bearings, seals, hydraulics and specific applications.

TFATotal flow area (TFA) of Standard nozzles (ins2)Number of nozzlesNozzle size1234567897/320.0380.0750.1130.1500.1880.2250.2630.3010.3383/80.1100.2210.3310.4420.5520.6630.7730.8840.9949/320.0620.1240.1860.2490.3110.3730.4350.4970.5595/160.0770.1530.2300.3070.3830.4600.5370.6140.69011/320.0930.1860.2780.3710.4640.5570.6500.7420.8353/80.1100.2210.3310.4420.5520.6630.7730.8840.99413/320.1300.2590.3890.5180.6480.7780.9071.0371.1677/160.1500.3010.4510.6010.7520.9021.0521.2031.35315/320.1730.3450.5180.6900.8631.0351.2081.3811.5531/20.1960.3930.5890.7850.9821.1781.3741.5711.76717/320.2220.4430.6650.8871.1081.3301.5521.7731.9959/160.2490.4970.7460.9941.2431.4911.7401.9882.23719/320.2770.5540.8311.1081.3841.6611.9382.2152.4925/80.3070.6140.9201.2271.5341.8412.1482.4542.76121/320.3380.6761.0151.3531.6912.0292.3682.7063.04411/160.3710.7421.1141.4851.8562.2272.5992.9703.34123/320.4060.8111.2171.6232.0292.4342.8403.2463.6523/40.4420.8841.3251.7672.2092.6513.0933.5343.976

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calcsInsert values to view blue results.Bit cost ()23,000Mud weight (ppg)11 ppgRig cost (/hr)4,000.00Flow rate (gpm)950 GPMTrip time (hrs)18.0 hrsTotal flow area (in2)0.81 sq inIn hole time (hrs)200.0 hrsHole size (inches)12.25 insFootage drilled (ft)3560 ftHole area118 sq inCost per foot251.4 /ftBit pressure drop1129 psiBit Hydraulic horse power626 hpJet velocity375 ft/secHydraulic horse power per square inch5.3 HSIRules of thumbWater based muds: aim for 4-8 HSI, jet velocities 350-550ft/secOil based muds: 3-6 HSI, jet velocities 250-450ft/sec>17 1/2" holes : minimum jet velocities must be attained