Chuong 4- tin học xd

Phn I Tng quan v cc phn mm

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Chng 4 Nhng khi nim c bn v

Qui trnh thit k

1. Thit k

Qui trnh trong thit k bao gm cc bc chnh sau:

Thit k s b

Thit k k thut

Thit k thi cng

Thm nh

1.1. Thit k s b

thit k s b, cc kin trc s v k s phi thc hin mt s bc sau:

Nghin cu hin trng,qui hoch

Nghin cu tnh kh thi d n

Nghin cu kh nng u t

Lp cc bo co k thut, bo co ti chnh

Lp d ton s b

Thit k s b l cc ti liu th hin bng thuyt minh v bn v v qui hoch, kin trc, kt cu, b tr h thng k thut v cng ngh, c th ha cc yu t nu trong ni dung

bo co kh thi. Thit k s b c ph duyt cng bo co nghin cu kh thi v lm

cn c lp, thm nh v xt duyt thit k k thut, thit k thi cng.

1.1.1. Ni dung thit k s b bao gm

1.1.1.1. Ni dung thuyt minh

Phn tng qut :

- Gii thiu tm tt thit k s b theo nhim v thit k

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ng dng Tin hc trong Thit k xy dng

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- a ra mi quan h gia qui hoch chung ca vng v cng trnh

- Nu cc cn c lp thit k : phng n thit k c chn, danh mc qui chun xy dng, tiu chun k thut, cc yu cu v qui hoch, kin trc. . .

- Cng nng ca cng trnh

Phn thit k

- Tng mt bng

- Cc phng n kin trc

- Cc phng n xy dng

- Cc phng n dy chuyn cng ngh, bo v mi trng

- Khi lng s b cc cng tc xy lp, vt liu, thit b ...

- Ln phng n tin thi cng

- . . .

1.1.1.2. Ni dung bn v :

- Cc bn v s khu vc cng trnh, Bn v tng mt bng : v tr xy dng, din tch, mt , ch gii, im ni vi cc cng trnh h tng khc . . .

- Bn v cc mt ct a cht cng trnh, san nn, thy vn

- Cc bn v mt bng, mt ng, mt ct dc, ngang . . .

- Bn v h thng k thut cng ngh, thi cng

- Bn v h thng chng chy, bo v mi trng ...

1.2. Thit k k thut

Trn c s ca thit k s b, cc b phn chuyn mn phi trin khai tng phn. Thit k

k thut l cc ti liu th hin bng thuyt minh v bn v c trin khai trn c s thit

k s b c duyt cng bo co nghin cu kh thi. H s thit k k thut phi dm bo iu kin lp tng d ton, h s mi thu v lp bn v thi cng.Thit k k

thut gm c cc phn:

1.2.1. Thit k kin trc

Thit k tng th

Thit k b phn



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1.2.2. Thit k kt cu

1.2.2.1. Lp phng n & a ra cc gii php kt cu:

Chn phng n kin trc

Chn s b tit din, ti trng

Chn tiu chun thit k

Chn s tnh

Tnh ton ni lc

Chn cng c tnh ton (phng php, phn mm)

1.2.2.2. Tnh ton ni lc

Lp bn v

nh gi, nhn xt

Kim tra

Vit h s thit k, in n

1.2.2.3. Tnh tit din

T vit thuyt minh v v cc bn v

1.2.3. Thit k h thng k thut

Thit k cng ngh ( nu c )

Thit k h thng k thut ,in, nc ,thng gi , chng chy ...

1.2.4. Ti liu cho thit k k thut cng bao gm:

1.2.4.1. Phn thuyt minh :

Cn c lp thit k k thut : cc quyt nh ph duyt, giy php u t, thit k s b c duyt, yu cu qui hoch, kin trc, cc ti liu v a cht cng trnh, a hnh, thy vn, kh tng ....

Thuyt minh thit k cng ngh : gii php, dy chuyn,. danh mc thit b, qui trnh bo hnh, bo tr.



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Thuyt minh thit k xy dng : gii php kin trc, cng ngh, gii php xy dng, danh mc phn mm s dng tnh ton, thit k, cc ch dn bin php thi cng . . .

1.2.4.2. Phn bn v :

- Cc bn v trin khai mt bng hin trng

- Trin khai tng mt bng

- Cc gii php kin trc mt bng, mt ng, mt ct dc, ngang

- Gii php xy dng : cho nn, mng, kt cu chu lc, h thng k thut, h tng cng trnh . . .

- Cc chi tit in hnh cn trin khai

- Dy chuyn cng ngh, my mc, thit b, mi trng

1.3. Thit k thi cng

Thit k bn v thi cng l cc ti liu th hin bng bn v c lp trn c s thit k k

thut c duyt. H s ca thit k thi cng gm cc phn :

Thit k cho ni ,ngoi tht

Thit k tit din

Thit k cc chi tit k thut, cng ngh

Thit k h thng k thut chi tit

T

Tnh ton chi tit ,tit din ,bo trnh , . . .

Ln d ton

Trong thit k thi cng cng gm phn thuyt minh v phn bn v vi cc hng mc nh phn thit k s b v thit k k thut.

1.4. Thm nh (thm tra)

Thm nh thit k l cng vic ca ngi c thm quyn, t chc kim tra iu kin, nng

lc ca t chc t vn, cc c nhn, n v thit k qua cc mc sau:

Tnh hp hin ca n v thit k

Tnh hp l ca gii php kin trc, gii php kt cu, thi cng, cng ngh . . .

Tnh kh thi ca cc gii php thi cng



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Tnh hp php ca cc tiu chun thit k, n gi, d ton . . .

T a ra vn bn v gi tr u t, tnh kh thi & cc khuyn co v kh nng chu lc

ca kt cu.

Ch qun u t ra quyt nh cui cng da vo cc vn bn thm tra ca qu trnh thm nh.

2. T ng ho thit k

Trong thit k t trc n nay tri qua cc giai on

Thit k c in

Bn t ng ho

T ng ho

2.1. Thit k c in

Thit k c in c mt s c im sau:

n gin ho bi ton & dng cc phng php gn ng

Kt qu thit k ph thuc vo trnh , kinh nghim ca ngi thit k

Chu nhiu nh hng ca cc yu t ch quan

Thiu phng tin & thi gian nn gii php thit k khng phi l ti u

2.2. Bn t ng ho thit k L thit k c s tr gip ca my tnh. y l m hnh v ang s dng nhiu ti Vit

nam. Loi ny c nhng c im sau:

Gim thi gian & khi lng cng vic

Nng cao nng sut & cht lng

Tn dng cc thnh tu mi

a thnh tiu chun ho, mu ho trong nhiu khu

Pht trin khng ngng da trn s pht trin ca cng ngh v thng tin

D tip thu, d hc, ti s dng

Hin nay hnh thc ny c s dng di dng, ti mi khu thit k, cc k s s dng

cc phn mm tr gip ch yu trong cc cng on v v tnh ton.C th coi y l hnh thc t ng ho tng phn



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2.3. T ng ho ton b :

T ng ha l qu trnh thit k hon ton t ng da trn dy chuyn t :

Kho stLp a hnh Thit k kin trc Tnh ton kt cu Ln phng n, tin thi cng a ra cc bn v k thut, bn v thi cng ... do cc phn mm m nhim, cc d liu c chuyn i t ng, tng thch trong cc chng trnh, ngi k s ch iu khin, kim tra v thu nhn kt qu.

y l m hnh s p dng trong tng lai, i hi cc k s phi c c trnh chuyn

mn v tin hc tt, bit x l thit k theo qui trnh v lm ch c n.

3. mt s Tiu chun xy dng Vit nam

3.1. Cc T/C cho kho st thit k

nTCVN 184-1997 Nh cao tng-CT kho st a KT

nTCVN 2848-1991 Phn cp CTXD- Nguyn tc chung

nTCVN 3972-1985 Cng tc trc a trong xy dng

nTCVN 4419-1987 Kho st cho xy dng

nTCVN 6586-1992 H thng ti liu thit k XD-KCCTXD

nTCXD 160-1987 Kho st a KT fc v TKTC cc

nTCXDVN 276-2003 CT cng cng ,nguyn tc thit k

nTCXDVN 293-2003 Chng nng nh - Ch dn TK

n TCTK v thi cng nh cao tng

3.2. Cc T/C cho thi cng nghim thu

nTCVN 4055-1985 T chc thi cng

nTCVN 4252-1988 qui trnh lp TKTCXD & TKTC

nTCVN 4452-1987 KCBT& KCBTCT lp ghp

nTCVN 4453-1995 KCBT& BTCT ton khi

nTCXD 88-1982 Cc PP th nghim hin trng

nTCXDVN 286-1003 ng & p ccTC thi cng & nghim thu


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