Chinese Word Order Rule! #1 Subject + Verb + Object Simple Chinese Sentences e.g. I love you....

Chinese Word Order Rule! #1

Subject + Verb + Object

Simple Chinese Sentences

e.g. I love you. 我爱你。

We live in Hong Kong. 我住在香港。You are my friend. 你是我的朋友。

Yangyang - Grammar 001 (Chinese Word Order) 1

Yangyang - Grammar 001 (Chinese Word Order)


Subject + Time + place + Action ( 人 , sth) (when the action (where the action (verb + object) takes place) takes place)

I am going to Beijing tomorrow. 我明天要去北京。

I am going shopping with my friends at Central on Sunday.我和我的朋友星期天要去中环买东西。

2

I go swimming at school every morning at 7am.我每天早上 7 点去学校游泳。


Chinese Word Order Rule! #3Subject + Time + How + Action ( 人 , sth) (when the action (how the action (verb + object) takes place) takes place)

My dad drives to work everyday. 爸爸每天开车上班。

She is taking a plane to Shanghai on the day after tomorrow. 她后天做火车去上海。

3

I go to Xian by train every month. 我每个月坐火车去西安。



From Big to SamllYear > Month > Week > Day > Part of the Day > Clock Time

5 o’clocke.g.

afternoon

tomorrow

Several time words at the same time?

明天下午五点

4



From Big to SmallYear > Month > Week > Day > Part of the Day > Clock Time

Tomorrow I go swimming with Tom at school at 5 in the afternoon.

Several time words at the same time?

5

我和 Tom 明天下午五点在学校游泳。



From Big to SmallCountry > City > Street > Street # > Building > # BLock > Floor # > Room #

中国香港薄扶林域多利道 250 号域多利花园6 座 10A

Chinese address

6

10A Block 6 Victoria Garden250 Victoria RdPokfulam Hong Kong China



From Big to SmallFamily Name > Given Name>

王大山李安张月明

Chinese Personal Name

7

Yangyang - Grammar 003 (Chinese word order)有


location > there is/there are > object

There are 4 people in his family. 他家有四口人。

There is ? There are?

有 = to have I have 2 dogs.He has 2 younger sisters.

There is a cat on the bus. 巴士上有一只猫。There are many people in Hong Kong. 香港有很多人。

8

Yangyang - Grammar 003 (Chinese word order)有


It is really hot!

it In English: use “it” a lot

In Chinese : Don’t bother looking for “it”

Really hot!! 很热！It’s hot today. Today is hot. 今天很热！It’s 5 o’clock now. Now’s 5 o’clock. 现在 5 点。

It’s hard to learn Chinese.To learn Chinese is hard. 中文很难学。

9

Yangyang - Grammar 004 (negation word bu4)


1. used before the verbs

Express a Negative : 不 bù

CN:not am 不是Not can 不能Not should 不应该

EN:am notcan notshould not

10



2. only for present and future tenses not the past tense ( 没 méi)

Express a Negative : 不

我不是美国人。我明天不去上学。

我昨天没有去他家。

我不会说日语。我没去过马来西亚。

11



3. “ 不 ” may change its tone

Express a Negative : 不

The default tone of 不 bù is the 4th tone

不 bù + 4th tone 不 bú

不可以不错 cuò 不对 duì不是 shì是不是

不去 qù不会 huì

12


1. To negate the verb“to have ” 有

Negation Word: 没

I don’t have money. 我没有钱。

Not have = 没有 ≠ 不有

Yangyang - Grammar 005 (没 -méi)

I don’t have siblings. 我没有兄弟姐妹。13


2. To negate an action in the past

Negation Word: 没 / 没有

I didn’t go to school yesterday. 我昨天没有去上学。

Yangyang - Grammar 005 %28没 -méi %29.mp4

I don’t go to school today. 我今天不上学。

14


别／不要 + Verb ＝ don’t do sth 　

Negation Word: 别 bié / 不要 bú yào =don’t

Don’t talk. 不要说话。

Yangyang - Grammar 006 - 别 ,不要

Don’t move. 不要动。

15


别／不要 +do sth 了＝ stop doing sth 　

Negation Word: 别 bié / 不要 bú yào =don’t

别说话了！

Yangyang - Grammar 006 - 别 ,不要

不要动了！

16

Yangyang - grammar 007 (forming a yes_no question)


1. adding “ 吗？” at the end of a statement 　

Forming yes/no questions

Changing that statement into a yes/no question

他是 Alex. 他是 Alex 吗？17

Yangyang - grammar 007 (forming a yes_no question)


1. adding “ 吗？” at the end of a statement 　


他是英国人。他是英国人吗？

你是中学生。你是中学生吗？

那是我妈妈。那是你妈妈吗？18

Yangyang - Grammar 008 (forming a yes_no question)


2. Change the main verb verb + not verb 　


他是英国人。他是不是英国人？

你是中学生。你是不是中学生？

那是我妈妈。那是不是你妈妈？19





你爱我。你爱不爱我？

那是 Mary 。那是不是 Mary ？

她是我的朋友。她是不是你的朋友？20





他会说中文。他会不会说中文 ?

What if you have 2 verbs in one statement?

Focusing on the first verb

21

Yangyang - Grammar 009 (how to say Yes and No)


No yes/ no equivalents 　

Answering yes/no questions

To answer “Yes” : repeat the “Verb”

To answer “No” : negation word + the verb

e.g. 1. 你是学生吗 ? 是 / 不是 2. 你喜欢游泳吗 ? 喜欢 / 不喜欢

22

Yangyang - Grammar 009 (how to say Yes and No)


Answering yes/no questionsMore exercises

Questions Answers (in Chinese)

你有兄弟姐妹吗 ?你喜欢运动吗 ?你昨天有没有去他家 ?你做完了吗 ?你认识他吗 ?你知道吗 ?

23

Yangyang - Grammar Lesson 10 (Content question word)


Content questions that require REAL answers

Content question words: 什么 , 什么时候 , 哪儿 , 怎么样…

EN : begins the sentenceCH : goes where the answer goes

英文中文 (translation)What is this?Who is he?Where is here?

24




Content question words: 什么 , 什么时候 , 哪儿 , 怎么样…

EN : begins the sentenceCH : goes where the answer goes

他叫小山。他叫什么名字？我妹妹今年十岁。你妹妹今年几岁？我们一家住在香港。你们一家住在哪儿？今天八月四号。今天几月几号？

24-1




More exercises

英文中文 (translation)What movie do you want to watch?

Who do you love?When do you go to sleep?Where do you live?Where were you born?

25

How do you say so what in Chinese


怎么样？ How is? How are?

Noun + 怎么样？

英文 (translation) 中文你怎么样？你的妈妈怎么样？

你的工作怎么样？今天天气怎么样？我看起来怎么样？

26

How do you say so what in Chinese


Question sentence: 多 + adj = How……?

英文 (translation) 中文你有多高？你有多重？你在香港多久了？

你今年多大？你家到学校多远？

26-1

Yangyang (You look pretty)


看起来…… looks…… (to seem to be something)

英文中文 (translation)You look pretty today.He looks a bit tired.She looks angry.

Subject + 看起来 + adv + adj

27

Yangyang %28Yoyo Chinese Tips (It sounds beautiful)


听起来…… sounds (seems to have particular quality)

英文中文 (translation)It sounds beautiful.It sounds great.

Subject + 听起来 + adv + adj

28

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Simple_noun_adjective_sentences


英文中文 (translation)We are fine in Hong Kong.She is beautiful.I am busy today.

Adjectives : good, beautiful, busy (function as verbs)

e.g. I am good. 我很好。

To be ≠ 是； To be = 很

29

Mandarin Chinese Lesson - have to & dont have to （得）


Have to 得 děi

Subject + time+ 得 + action.

英文中文 (translation)I have to go to school now.I have to go to Shanghai tomorrow

30

Mandarin Chinese Lesson - have to & dont have to （得）


Not have to ≠ 不得 děi

= 不用 bú yòng

Subject + time + 不用 + action.

英文中文 (translation)I don’t have to go to work tomorrow.

I don’t have to do homework today.

31


Or

英文中文 (translation)

Do you want coffee or tea ？I can go to your house today or tomorrow.

Question : 还是？ hái shì

Statement ：或 huò

32

Yoyo Chinese Grammar Lessons - Complement of Result Part 1（）（找）


Action(Verb)

Complement of result

Result(verb result)

To look for(search for)

To find(search for + obtain)

找 zhǎo 找到 zhǎo dào


EN

+ suffix =

到33



Action(Verb)


Result(verb result)

To listen To hear

听 tīng 听到 tīng dào


+ 到 =

34



Action(Verb)


Result(verb result)

To look To see

看 kàn 看到 kàndào


+ 到 =

35



Action(Verb)


Result(verb result)

To buy/Go shopping

Purchased/Got it

买 mǎi 买到 mǎi dào


+ 到 =

36




For example:

A: where did you go?B: I went to buy a smart phone.A: Did you get it?

A: 你去哪儿？B: 我去买 smart phone.A: 你买到了吗？

37


Measure Words

To specify how many of something (nouns)

EN:A cup of tea.Two pieces of cake.Three dozens of eggs.

Number + MW + noun

个：人 ( 一个人 )只： animal ( 两只狗 )件 (jiàn): clothing ( 三件衣服 )条 (tiáo): long, soft ( 四条鱼 )杯 (bēi): cup ( 五杯茶 )片 (piàn): thin piece, flat ( 六片面包 )间（ jiān ）： room ( 一间房间 )

38


Measure Words

Number + MW + noun ： number 2 ≠ 二； = 两 liǎng

本 (běn) ： book, magazine ( 两本书，三本杂志 )口： person(family members),well( 五口人，一口井 )头 (tóu) ： big animals (not horses) ( 两头牛 )匹 (pī) ： horse ( 两匹马 )家 : work places ( 一家医院，一家公司 )张 (zhāng) : bed, table, paper, ticket ( 一张纸，三张床 )门（ mén ） : subject ( 十门课 )节（ jié ） : section, segment ( 一节课，一节火车 )

39


Measure Words

几 + MW + noun ？ = how many of the noun?

你家有几口人？你几岁？你有几个兄弟姐妹？今天气温几度？你有几只宠物？你今天有几节课？

For example:

translation

39-1

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Simple_noun_adjective_sentences


是 is/am/are/was/ were

“ 是” will not always be translated as is/am/are/was/were

When an adjective directly follows the Subject in an affirmative sentence, the two cannot linked with 是， they will be linked with 很。

e.g. I am fine. = 我很好。 ≠ 我是很好。 She is beautiful. = 她很漂亮。 ≠ 她是漂亮。Your school is big. = 你的学校很大。≠ 你的学校是大。

40


是 is/am/are/was/ were

In Chinese, adjectives are used without the verb “ 是”英文中文 (translation)

It is expensive.The weather is good today.

Also

“ 是” cannot be used in describing age, year grade, prices.

I am 15 years old. = 我今年十五岁 ≠ 我是十五岁。I am year 9 = 我今年九年级 ≠ 我是九年级。

41

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Special_verbs_with_%22hen%22


很to intensify verbs that express thoughts or feeling

Certain verbs in Chinese can be modified with 很 to increase their intensity. This similar to using "really" or "very much" in English. This can only be done with psychological verbs, such as:喜欢，会，了解 (liǎo jiě) ，希望 (xī wàng) ，讨厌 (tǎo yàn) ，能，爱，失望 (shī wàng) ，伤心 (shāng xīn)

Subject + 很 + Verb + Object

42

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Psychological_verbs

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Psychological_verbs

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Special_verbs_with_%22hen%22


很 Subject + 很 + Verb + Object

e.g. 我很喜欢你。我很伤心 (shāng xīn) 。我很高兴 (gāo xìng) 。我很饿 (è) 。他很了解 (liǎo jiě) 我。我很讨厌 (tǎo yàn) 下雨 (xià yǔ) 。

43


Time Words

Past Present Future

昨天、四天前今天明天、后天几个星期前现在几个星期后上个星期这个星期下个星期上个月这个月下个月去年今年明年以前、已经将来、以后

44


了，过： indicate an action that happened in the past

了： 1. only used in affirmative sentences 2. indicates that an action has been completed

过： 1.can be used in both affirmative and negative sentences 2.emphasis on the experience

45


Examples for 了、过：

1. 我做完作业了。2. 爸爸去上班了。3. 他已经回家了。

1. 我没有去过美国也没有去过法国。2. 我学过法语但是没有学过广东话。3. 他做过老师。

46


Fill in the blanks with 了 or 过

1. 他们昨天去上海 ______ 。2. 妹妹去上学 ______ 。3. 我没有吃 ___ 法国菜。4. 妈妈没有去过北京。5. 爸爸以前学 ___ 中文。

47


正在： Verb + ing

1.They are playing football.

2. 妹妹正在游泳。3.I am doing home wrok 。4. 妈妈 ( 正 ) 在看书。5. 爸爸 ( 正 ) 在睡觉。

48

translation

http://resources.echineselearning.com/minitestanswers/minitestanswers-chinese-598.html


的、得、地

“ 的” is usually used after adjectives or pronouns to indicate

the quality or the owner of something.

For example: 蓝色的天很漂亮。我的学校很大。 translation

妹妹的头发很长。他的家很远。

49



的、得、地

“ 得 ” is used as a complement to indicate how an action works.

The sentence pattern is “v + 得 + adv”.

For example: 她长得好看。小明跑得很快。 translation

妹妹唱歌唱得很好。他游泳游得很好。

50



的、得、地

“ 地 ”（ --ly ） is often used as a part of an adverbial phrase to

describe the action that follows it.

The sentence pattern is “adv. + 地 + action.”

For example: 她很快地做功课。小明高兴地唱歌。 translation

妹妹慢慢地走路。哥哥努力地学中文。

51

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Verbs_with_%22gei%22


给 1. As a verb with two objects: (to give)

52

He gives me a book. 他给我一本书。I give him a present. 我给她一个礼物。

2. As a preposition with another verb: (…… for ……)

Subject + 给 + Target + Verb + Object

妈妈给我买裙子。妈妈每天给我做饭。

Mum bought a skirt for me.

Mum cooks for me every day.

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Basic_comparisons_with_%22bi%22


Comparison word: 比

To say that one thing is more adjective than another,

the structure is: Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + Adjective

53

我比你高。他比我大。哥哥比弟弟胖。

I am taller than you.

He is bigger than me.translation

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Questions_with_%22ne%22


Question words: 吗？呢？吧！

吗？ For yes/no questions

呢？ To follow up. 我喜欢打篮球，你呢？吧！ For suggestion; proposal; confirmation.

我们去打篮球吧！ Let’s go play basketball!

54

你喜欢看书吗？我喜欢吃中餐，你呢？我们去吃晚饭吧！

translation

http://www.ctcfl.ox.ac.uk/Grammar%20exercises/The_uses_of_QW+dou.htm


都： should be placed before the verb 。

55

中餐、西餐，我都喜欢吃。我爸爸和妈妈都工作。汉语和法语我都想学。这两个颜色我都喜欢。

translation

http://www.ctcfl.ox.ac.uk/Lang%20work/Grammar%20database/grammar_database1.htm#The uses of question words with dou and ye


也 1. in a statement: also 2. in a negative sentence: either

56

2.

我昨天也没有上学。我也不知道。

translation

1.

我爸爸工作，我妈妈也工作。我会说汉语，也会说广东话。

translation


就 (jiù) ： should be placed before verbs

http://www.ctcfl.ox.ac.uk/Lang%20work/Grammar%20database/

grammar_database1.htm#Adverbs就 and才

57

1. 我就是。 (precisely, truth)

2. 再五分钟就到了。 (then)

3. 我从小就学弹钢琴。 (as learly

as)

translation

expresses the notion that the timing of an event is earlier than expected. (something happened earlier than expected.)

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_earliness_with_%22jiu%22






才 (cái) ： should be placed before verbs



58

1. 我昨天晚上十二点才睡觉。2. 爸爸下午才回来。3. 他才做完功课。 (just)

translation

expresses the notion that the timing of an event is later than expected. (as late as)


才



59

1. 我昨天晚上十二点才睡觉。2. 爸爸下午才回来。3. 他才做完功课。

就 1. 我昨天晚上十二点就睡觉。2. 爸爸下午就回来。3. 他就做完功课了。

http://mandarin.about.com/od/particles/a/Jiu-Mandarin-Particle.htm

Chinese Word Order Rule! #40就 (jiù) has several translations, including: at once then right away only (emphasis) to approach to move towards to undertake

Despite the many English translations, 就 (jiù) is fairly constant. It is used as a marker to indicate precision or immediacy

59-1

http://mandarin.about.com/od/particles/a/Jiu-Mandarin-Particle.htm


59-2

Immediacy: 1. 我马上就来。 I'll be right there. I'm coming immediately.

2. 他就快到了。 He will soon be here.

Precision: 1. 我就有两百块。 I only have two hundred dollars.

2. 书店就在转角处。 The book store is just around the corner.

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Ba_sentence


“ 把” sentence: focus on the result or influence of an action

60

1. 你把书放在桌子上。 Put the book on the table.

2. 他把功课写完了。 He finished the homework.

3. 我把面包吃完了。 I finished eating the bread.4. 妹妹把玩具带去学校。 My younger sister brought the toy to

school.

Subject + 把 + Object + Verb Phrase



1. 小猫把鱼吃掉了。2. 弟弟把蛋糕吃完了。3. 他把钱花完了。

When to use a 把 sentence

61

1. the object is known. (It's already been mentioned or discussed previously.)

2.The sentence describes what happened to the object in some detail


Chinese Word Order Rule! #41Negating 把 sentences ： insert 不 (present or future) or 没有 (past) directly in front of 把 .

62

Subject Negative 把 Object Verb Disposal

我没有把你的电脑弄坏。

你不要把我的可乐喝完。

他没有把眼镜弄丢。

她没有把她的房间打扫干净。

我不会把这件事告诉她的。


Chinese Word Order Rule! #41Question forms of 把 sentences

63

1. 把 sentence + 吗？2. With a question word （哪儿？谁？）3. With positive-negative verbs （可不可以？能不能？是不是？）

1. 你把书带回来了吗？2. 谁把蛋糕吃完了 ?3. 姐姐是不是把衣服洗好了？

http://chinesenotes.com/grammar.php#interjections

Chinese Word Order Rule! #42Interjections :

64

express an exclamation, a call, or a response.

Interjections are most often used at the start of a sentence but do not act as an element of the sentence.

For example: 哎呀（ āiyā ）噢（ ō ）哦（ ó ）

喂（ wèi ）嗯（ èn ）啊（ à ）



65


喂！你是小王吗？ [Hello. Are you 小王 ?] (Making a telephone, expressing a greeting.)

嗯！我是小王。 [Yes. I am 小王 .] [Expressing a response]

哎呀！我的衣服湿了。 [Oh my! My clothes are wet.] (Expressing surprise)



66


啊！美丽的风景。[Ah! What a beautiful scene.] (Expressing admiration)

唉！我马上就走。 [OK! I will go right away.] (Indicating a response)

哦！我错了。 [Oh! My mistake.] (Expressing realization)

噢！原来是你。 [Oh! It was you all along.] (Expressing understanding)

http://chinesenotes.com/grammar.php#prepositions

Chinese Word Order Rule! #43Prepositions: are placed in front of nouns or pronouns to form prepositional phrases expressing the exclusion, comparison, being acted on, mode, cause, object, direction, place, or time of an action.

67

Expressing time, place, and direction:在、从 (cóng) 、关于 (guān yú)、往 (wǎng)

Examples:他从大陆来。 (He is from the mainland.) 从 is a preposition acting as an adverbial adjunct.

这是关于中国的故事。 (This is a story about China.) 关于 is a preposition acting as an attributive.

这辆公共汽车开往天安门。 (This bus is going to Tiananmen.) The preposition 往 acts as a complement.

http://chinesenotes.com/word_detail.php?id=1383





Chinese Word Order Rule! #44The 把 (bǎ) sentence is a useful structure for focusing on the result or influence of an action/object.

68

Subject + 把 + Object + Verb Phrase

Examples:

1. 我把书看完了。

2. 姐姐把作业带回家了。

3. 弟弟把药吃完了。

4. 她把眼镜戴上了。

5. 我把我的姓名写下来了。

1.I have finished the book.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Translation

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%22Bei%22_sentence

Chinese Word Order Rule! #45The 被 (bèi) sentence is a key way to express the passive

69

Passive sentences are used for several main reasons ：1. To indicate that one has been negatively affected.

我的热狗被吃了。 My hot dog has been eaten.

2. To shift emphasis from the "doer" of the action to the one affected by that action.

只有那些很好吃的热狗被吃掉了。 Only those really tasty hot dogs were eaten.

3. To avoid having to mention the "doer" of the action, either because it is unknown, or for other reasons.

我的热狗被吃了。 My hot dog has been eaten (but I'm not saying who ate it, probably because I don't know).

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Passive_voice

Chinese Word Order Rule! #45Forming a 被 Sentence

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%22Bei%22_sentence 69-1

Normal sentence ：男孩吃了热狗。 The boy ate the hot dog.

Subject Verb Phrase Object

男孩吃了热狗。

Subject Doer Verb Phrase

热狗被男孩吃了。

Creating a 被 sentence from a normal sentence

Subject + 被 + Doer + Verb Phrase

Chinese Word Order Rule! #45Forming a 被 Sentence with No "Doer"


Subject + 被 + Verb Phrase

Subject Verb Phrase Object

男孩吃了热狗。Subject Doer Verb

Phrase

热狗被男孩吃了。热狗被吃了。

Chinese Word Order Rule! #45Forming a Negative 被 Sentence


Subject + 没有 + 被 + Doer + Verb Phrase

Subject Negative Verb Phrase Object

男孩没有吃掉热狗。Subject Negative Doer Verb

Phrase

热狗没有被男孩吃掉。热狗没有被吃掉。

Chinese Word Order Rule! #45Adding Adverbs in a 被 Sentence


Subject + Adverb + 被 + Doer + Verb Phrase

Subject Adverb Verb Phrase Object

男孩常常吃掉热狗。

Subject Adverb Doer Verb Phrase

热狗常常被男孩吃掉。热狗常常被吃掉。

男孩常常吃掉热狗。 (the original sentence, using the adverb 常常 )热狗常常被男孩吃掉。 (the passive sentence, using the adverb 常常 )热狗常常被吃掉。 (the passive sentence, using the adverb 常常 , and no "doer")

Simple Chinese Sentences: 1Complex Chinese Sentences: 2, 3Several time words: 4, 5Address: 6Name: 7有 (there is/are): 8It: 9不 : 10, 11, 12没 : 13, 14别 : 15, 16Forming yes/no questions: 17, 18, 19, 20, 21Answering yes.no questions: 22, 23Content questions (who, what, when…): 24, 25How? 怎么样 ?: 26 / How+adj 多远？ 26-1看起来 : 29听起来 : 30很 : 31, 43, 45, 46得 (have to):32

不用 : 33Or : 34Complement of results ( 找到、看到、听到） : 35-39Measure words: 40-41Measure words 几？： 42是 : 43, 44很 : : 31, 43, 45, 46Time words( 现在、过去、未来式 ) ： 47了、过： 48-50正在： 51的、得、地： 52-54给： 55比： 56Question words: 吗？呢？吧！： 57都： 58也： 59

就： 60才： 61 ；就 / 才比较： 62把： 63-66, 73叹词：喂、嗯、啊、哎呀、噢、哦 67-69介词：在、从、关于、往 70被： 74-78

Chinese Word Order Rule! #1 Subject + Verb + Object Simple Chinese Sentences e.g. I love you....

Documents

Transcript of Chinese Word Order Rule! #1 Subject + Verb + Object Simple Chinese Sentences e.g. I love you....