Chinese Kings
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12/18/2015 Hundred Family Surnames Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Family_Surnames 1/4
Hundred Family SurnamesFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Hundred Family Surnames (Chinese: 百家姓; pinyin: Bǎijiāxìng) is a classic Chinese text composedof common Chinese surnames. The book was composed in the early Song Dynasty.[1] It originallycontained 411 surnames, and was later expanded to 504.[1] Of these, 444 are singlecharacter surnames, and60 are doublecharacter surnames. About 800 names have been derived from the original ones.[2]
In the dynasties following the Song, the Three Character Classic, the Hundred Family Surnames, andThousand Character Classic came to be known as San Bai Qian (Three, Hundred, Thousand), from the firstcharacter in their titles. They were the almost universal introductory literary texts for students, almostexclusively boys, from elite backgrounds and even for a number of ordinary villagers. Each was availablein many versions, printed cheaply, and available to all since they did not become superseded. When astudent had memorized all three, he had a knowledge of roughly 2,000 characters. Since Chinese did notuse an alphabet, this was an effective, though time consuming, way of giving a "crash course" in characterrecognition before going on to understanding texts and writing characters. [3]
The Hundred Family Surnames was translated into Manchu as
(Wylie: Pe giya sing, Möllendorff: Be
giya sing).
Contents
1 Form
2 Complete text
3 See also
4 Notes
5 References
6 External links
Form
The work is a rhyming poem in lines of eight characters. The surnames are not listed in order ofcommonality. According to Song dynasty scholar Wang Mingqing (王明清), the first four surnames listedrepresent the most important families in the empire at the time:[4]
12/18/2015 Hundred Family Surnames Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Family_Surnames 2/4
1st: Zhao (趙) is the surname of the Song Dynasty emperors.2nd: Qian (錢) is the surname of the kings of Wuyue.3rd: Sun (孫) is the surname of the queen of Wuyue.4th: Li (李) is the surname of the kings of Southern Tang.
The next four, Zhou 周, Wu 吳, Zheng 鄭, and Wang 王, were the surnames of the other wives of QianChu, the last king of Wuyue.[5]
Complete text
This text is written in traditional Chinese.
Zhao
趙 Qian
錢 Sun
孫 Li
李Zhou
周 Wu
吳 Zheng
鄭 Wang
王Feng
馮 Chen
陳 Chu
褚 Wei
衛Jiang
蔣 Shen
沈 Han
韓 Yang
楊Zhu
朱 Qin
秦 You
尤 Xu
許He
何 Lü
呂 Shi
施 Zhang
張Kong
孔 Cao
曹 Yan
嚴 Hua
華Jin
金 Wei
魏 Tao
陶 Jiang
姜Qi
戚 Xie
謝 Zou
鄒 Yu
喻Bai
柏 Shui
水 Dou
竇 Zhang
章Yun
雲 Su
蘇 Pan
潘 Ge
葛Xi
奚 Fan
范 Peng
彭 Lang
郎Lu
魯 Wei
韋 Chang
昌 Ma
馬Miao
苗 Feng
鳳 Hua
花 Fang
方Yu
俞 Ren
任 Yuan
袁 Liu
柳Feng
酆 Bao
鮑 Shi
史 Tang
唐Fei
費 Lian
廉 Cen
岑 Xue
薛Lei
雷 He
賀 Ni
倪 Tang
湯Teng
滕 Yin
殷 Luo
羅 Bi
畢Hao
郝 Wu
鄔 An
安 Chang
常Yue
樂 Yu
于 Shi
時 Fu
傅Pi
皮 Bian
卞 Qi
齊 Kang
康Wu
伍 Yu
余 Yuan
元 Bu
卜Gu
顧 Meng
孟 Ping
平 Huang
黃He
和 Mu
穆 Xiao
蕭 Yin
尹Yao
姚 Shao
邵 Zhan
湛 Wang
汪Qi
祁 Mao
毛 Yu
禹 Di
狄Mi
米 Bei
貝 Ming
明 Zang
臧Ji
計 Fu
伏 Cheng
成 Dai
戴Tan
談 Song
宋 Mao
茅 Pang
龐Xiong
熊 Ji
紀 Shu
舒 Qu
屈Xiang
項 Zhu
祝 Dong
董 Liang
梁Du
杜 Ruan
阮 Lan
藍 Min
閔Xi
席 Ji
季 Ma
麻 Qiang
強Jia
賈 Lu
路 Lou
婁 Wei
危Jiang
江 Tong
童 Yan
顏 Guo
郭Mei
梅 Sheng
盛 Lin
林 Diao
刁Zhong
鍾 Xu
徐 Qiu
邱 Luo
駱Gao
高 Xia
夏 Cai
蔡 Tian
田Fan
樊 Hu
胡 Ling
凌 Huo
霍Yu
虞 Wan
萬 Zhi
支 Ke
柯Zan
昝 Guan
管 Lu
盧 Mo
莫Jing
經 Fang
房 Qiu
裘 Miao
繆Gan
干 Xie
解 Ying
應 Zong
宗Ding
丁 Xuan
宣 Ben
賁 Deng
鄧Yu
郁 Shan
單 Hang
杭 Hong
洪Bao
包 Zhu
諸 Zuo
左 Shi
石Cui
崔 Ji
吉 Niu
鈕 Gong
龔Cheng
程 Ji
嵇 Xing
邢 Hua
滑Pei
裴 Lu
陸 Rong
榮 Weng
翁Xun
荀 Yang
羊 Yu
於 Hui
惠Zhen
甄 Qu
麴 Jia
家 Feng
封Rui
芮 Yi
羿 Chu
儲 Jin
靳Ji
汲 Bing
邴 Mi
糜 Song
松Jing
井 Duan
段 Fu
富 Wu
巫Wu
烏 Jiao
焦 Ba
巴 Gong
弓Mu
牧 Kui
隗 Shan
山 Gu
谷Che
車 Hou
侯 Mi
宓 Peng
蓬Quan
全 Xi
郗 Ban
班 Yang
仰Qiu
秋 Zhong
仲 Yi
伊 Gong
宮Ning
寧 Qiu
仇 Luan
欒 Bao
暴Gan
甘 Tou
鈄 Li
厲 Rong
戎Zu
祖 Wu
武 Fu
符 Liu
劉Jing
景 Zhan
詹 Shu
束 Long
龍Ye Xing Si Shao Gao Li Ji Bo Yin Su Bai Huai Pu Tai Cong E
12/18/2015 Hundred Family Surnames Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Family_Surnames 3/4
葉 幸 司 韶 郜 黎 薊 薄 印 宿 白 懷 蒲 邰 從 鄂Suo
索 Xian
咸 Ji
籍 Lai
賴Zhuo
卓 Lin
藺 Tu
屠 Meng
蒙Chi
池 Qiao
喬 Yin
陰 Yu
郁Xu
胥 Nai
能 Cang
蒼 Shuang
雙Wen
聞 Shen
莘 Dang
黨 Zhai
翟Tan
譚 Gong
貢 Lao
勞 Pang
逄Ji
姬 Shen
申 Fu
扶 Du
堵Ran
冉 Zai
宰 Li
酈 Yong
雍Xi
郤 Qu
璩 Sang
桑 Gui
桂Pu
濮 Niu
牛 Shou
壽 Tong
通Bian
邊 Hu
扈 Yan
燕 Ji
冀Jia
郟 Pu
浦 Shang
尚 Nong
農Wen
溫 Bie
別 Zhuang
莊 Yan
晏Chai
柴 Qu
瞿 Yan
閻 Chong
充Mu
慕 Lian
連 Ru
茹 Xi
習Huan
宦 Ai
艾 Yu
魚 Rong
容Xiang
向 Gu
古 Yi
易 Shen
慎Ge
戈 Liao
廖 Yu
庾 Zhong
終Ji
暨 Ju
居 Heng
衡 Bu
步Du
都 Geng
耿 Man
滿 Hong
弘Kuang
匡 Guo
國 Wen
文 Kou
寇Guang
廣 Lu
祿 Que
闕 Dong
東Ou
歐 Shu
殳 Wo
沃 Li
利Yu
蔚 Yue
越 Kui
夔 Long
隆Shi
師 Gong
鞏 She
厙 Nie
聶Chao
晁 Gou
勾 Ao
敖 Rong
融Leng
冷 Zi
訾 Xin
辛 Kan
闞Na
那 Jian
簡 Rao
饒 Kong
空Zeng
曾 Wu
毋 Sha
沙 Nie
乜Yang
養 Ju
鞠 Xu
須 Feng
豐Chao
巢 Guan
關 Kuai
蒯 Xiang
相Zha
查 Hou
后 Jing
荊 Hong
紅You
游 Zhu
竺 Quan
權 Lu
逯Ge
蓋 Yi
益 Huan
桓 Gong
公Moqi
万俟 Sima
司馬Shangguan
上 官 Ouyang
歐陽Xiahou
夏侯 Zhuge
諸葛Wenren
聞人 Dongfang
東 方Helian
赫連 Huangfu
皇甫Yuchi
尉遲 Gongyang
公 羊Tantai
澹臺 Gongye
公冶Zongzheng
宗 政 Puyang
濮陽Chunyu
淳于 Chanyu
單于Taishu
太叔 Shentu
申屠Gongsun
公孫 Zhongsun
仲 孫Xuanyuan
軒 轅 Linghu
令狐Zhongli
鐘離 Yuwen
宇文Zhangsun
長 孫 Murong
慕容Xianyu
鮮于 Lüqiu
閭丘Situ
司徒 Sikong
司空Qiguan
亓官 Sikou
司寇Zhang
仉 Du
督 Ziju
子車Zhuansun
顓 孫 Duanmu
端木Wuma
巫馬 Gongxi
公西Qidiao
漆雕 Yuezheng
樂 正Rangsi
壤駟 Gongliang
公 良Tuoba
拓拔 Jiagu
夾谷Zaifu
宰父 Guliang
穀粱Jin
晉 Chu
楚 Yan
閆 Fa
法Ru
汝 Yan
鄢 Tu
涂 Qin
欽Duangan
段干 Baili
百里Dongguo
東郭 Nanmen
南門Huyan
呼延 Gui
歸 Hai
海Yangshe
羊舌 Weisheng
微 生Yue
岳 Shuai
帥 Gou
緱 Kang
亢Kuang
況 Hou
後 You
有 Qin
琴Liangqiu
梁丘 Zuoqiu
左丘Dongmen
東 門 Ximen
西門Shang
商 Mou
牟 She
佘 Nai
佴Bo
伯 Shang
賞 Nangong
南宮Mo
墨 Ha
哈 Qiao
譙 Da
笪Nian
年 Ai
愛 Yang
陽 Tong
佟Diwu
第五 Yan
言 Fu
福Bǎi
百 jiā
家 xìng
姓 zhōng
終[6]
See also
Chinese surnameList of common Chinese surnames
12/18/2015 Hundred Family Surnames Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Family_Surnames 4/4
Chinese Wikisource hasoriginal text related to thisarticle:Hundred FamilySurnames
Seek for Surname HistoryThree Character ClassicThousand Character Classic
Notes1. K. S. Tom. [1989] (1989). Echoes from Old China: Life, Legends and Lore of the Middle Kingdom. University
of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0824812859.2. Chen, Janey. [1992] (1992). A Practical EnglishChinese Pronouncing Dictionary. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0
8048187703. Rawski (1979), pp. 4648.4. “百家姓”排列终有序 姓氏文化有何内涵? (in Chinese). Xinhua. 20060305. Retrieved 20141107.5. Chen Danning (20140903). 钱氏修"百家姓"将钱姓排第2位 钱王妃子姓氏靠前 (in Chinese). China News.
Retrieved 20141107.6. The last fourcharacter line means "thus ends the Hundred Family Surnames." It is not intended to contain
surnames.
References
Rawski, Evelyn Sakakida (1979). Education and Popular Literacy in Ch'ing China. Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0472087533.
External links Hundred Surnames (https://librivox.org/search?
title=Hundred+Surnames&author=&reader=&keywords=&genre_id=0&status=all&project_type=either&recorded_language=&sort_order=catalog_date&search_page=1&search_form=advanced) publicdomain audiobook at LibriVox in mandarin
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hundred_Family_Surnames&oldid=693417438"
Categories: Chinese classic texts Chineselanguage surnames
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