Chapter 3. Types of Government Three ways to classify governments: 1. Systems of government 2....
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Transcript of Chapter 3. Types of Government Three ways to classify governments: 1. Systems of government 2....
FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
Chapter 3
Types of Government
Types of Government
Three ways to classify governments:
1. Systems of government
2. Relationship between levels of government
3. Methods of selecting the executive
Systems of Government
Popular governmentDemocracy
○ Direct Democracy○ Indirect Democracy
Republic
Dictatorship Anarchy
Popular Governments
The people participate. Direct democracy – people directly
affect government’s policies & actionsVery rare today“Today direct democracy is rare because of
geographic and population limitations.”Agree or disagree?
Popular Governments
Indirect democracy – people choose their peers to operate government on their behalf (or REPRESENT them).
Republic – “a state in which the supreme power rests in the people and their elected representatives or officers.
Dictatorship
In a dictatorship, the government acts without the consent of the people.
Totalitarianism- a ruling class holds absolute power and seeks to exercise control over every aspect of people’s lives.
Autocracy – rule by 1 person with supreme authority
Oligarchy – rule by an elite group
Anarchy
An absence of government Because of human depravity, typically
anarchy, instead of leading to maximum liberty, leads to a state of lawlessness.
Jeremiah 17:9The heart is deceitful above all things, and
desperately wicked: who can know it?
Types of Government
Three ways to classify governments:
1. Systems of government
2. Relationship between levels of government
Relationship Between Levels of Government
1. Unitary 2. Federal 3. Confederate
Relationship Between Levels of Government Unitary Governments
Power resides in central governmentAll power from the people (unlike
dictatorship)Local units may help administer
government.
Examples: Great Britain, Japan, France, Israel
Relationship Between Levels of Government Federal Governments – Federalism Power is divided among national,
regional, and local governments. Usually governed by a constitution
which specifies the powers and responsibilities of each level.
Examples: United States, Brazil, India
Relationship Between Levels of Government Confederate Governments Regional governments retain supremacy
and delegate some tasks to the national government.
Examples: Articles of Confederation, Confederate States of America, European Union (EU)
Types of Government
Three ways to classify governments:
1. Systems of government
2. Relationship between levels of government
3. Methods of selecting the executive
Methods of Selecting the Executive Presidential System – people directly
elect the president. Question: Do the people directly elect
the President of the United States? Answer: No. The Electoral College
elects the president.
Methods of Selecting the Executive Parliamentary System
People elect their representatives to Parliament.
○ Candidate of the party with the most votes in each district wins.
The majority party in the parliament chooses the executive (prime minister).
Examples: Great Britain, France, Japan, Indonesia
Which system is better: Presidential or Parliamentary?
p. 37
Types of Government by System
List and explain.
American Government
Levels of American Government
National State Local
National Government
The U.S. Constitution LIMITS the power of the national government by allowing it to have certain DELEGATED POWERS.
National Government
Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch
Legislative Branch Makes the laws Closest ties to the
people: directly elected
Two housesHouse of
RepresentativesSenate
Executive Branch Enforces the laws President Vice President Advisors
○ EOP○ Cabinet
Judicial Branch Interprets the laws Are the laws passed
by Congress and the states consistent with the Constitution?
Supreme Court Lower Courts
State Government
Fifty (50) states States keep all power not delegated to
the national government (RESERVED POWERS) or prohibited to the states by the Constitution (PROHIBITED POWERS).
States all have their own constitutions.
State Government
Reserved Powers– 10th AmendmentPolice, educate, land-use laws, licensing,
etc.
Prohibited Powers – Keeps certain powers in the hands of the national government.Coin money, make treaties, import/export
taxes, raise a military force in peacetime, etc.
State Government
Separation of Powers – State governments have the same 3 branches as the national (federal) government.Legislative, Executive, Judicial
State Government
Legislative May be BICAMERAL (two houses) or
UNICAMERAL (one house).
State Government
Executive – Governor Lieutenant governor
State Government
Judicial – courts May be elected by the people or
APPOINTED by the governor or legislature
Local Government
Counties – divided into precincts Municipalities – cities, villages, towns Municipalities exist by incorporating
when its population gets to a certain level.
Municipalities get a charter (like a constitution) from the state.
Review Quiz
What are the levels of U.S. government? What are the branches of U.S.
government? What is the function of the legislative
branch? What is the function of the executive
branch? What is the function of the judicial
branch?
Answers
1. national, state, local 2. legislative, executive, judicial 3. make laws 4. enforce the laws 5. interpret the laws