CH.2 Cognitive Neuro-science

The Brain?

The Brain

• The nervous Sys-tem

Receive ProcessRespond to informa-tion from the envi-

ronment

“Our ability to perceive, adapt to, and interact with the world around us”

The Brain

• Postmortem Stud-ies

“after death”

• Animal Studies

The Brain

사람

• Electrical Record-ings

The Brain

‘EEGs’

‘ERPs’

다른 기술과 함께 결합하여 사용

• Static Imaging Techniques (still image)

The Brain

X-ray 기반

혈관 조형 술

CaT scan

MRI

PET scan - blood flow

• Metabolic Imaging ( 산소와 포도당의 소비 )

The Brain

fMRI - Oxygen

The Brain

• Gross Anatomy of the Brain

Cerebral cortex ( 대뇌피질 )

Basal ganglia ( 대뇌핵 )

Limbic system ( 대뇌 변연계 )

Hippocampus ( 해마 )Amygdala ( 편도 )Septum ( 격막 )

Thalamus ( 시상 )

Hypothalamus ( 시상하부 )

The Brain

Cerebral cor-tex

( 대뇌피질 )

• Forebrain

Basal gan-glia

( 대뇌핵 )

Hippocam-pus

( 해마 )

Amygdala ( 편도 )

Septum ( 격막 )

Limbic system ( 대뇌 변연계 )

The Brain• Forebrain

Thalamus ( 시상 )

시상

Visual

Audi-tory

So-matosen

sorymotor

대뇌피질

Hypothalamus ( 시상하부 )

The Brain

• Gross Anatomy of the Brain

Superior colliculi ( 상층둔덕 )

Inferior colliculi ( 하층둔덕 )

RAS ( 망상활성화 시스템 )

회백질 / 적색핵 / 흑질 /vental region

The Brain• Midbrain

Superior colliculi ( 상층둔덕 )

Inferior colliculi ( 하층둔덕 )

RAS ( 망상활성화 시스템 )

회백질 / 적색핵 /흑질 /vental re-gion

ㆍ ㆍ ㆍ

The Brain

• Gross Anatomy of the Brain

Medulla oblongata ( 연수 )

Pons ( 뇌교 )

Cerebellum ( 소뇌 )

The Brain

Medulla oblon-gata ( 연수 )

Pons ( 뇌교 )

Cerebellum ( 소뇌 )

• Hindbrain

• Cerebral cortex and Localization of Func-tion

The Brain

•Sulci – small grooves•Fissures - large grooves•Gyri - Sulci 와 Fissures 사이의 돌출부

•Left cerebral hemisphere- Kind of activity

•Right cerebral hemi-sphere- Other kind

• Corpus callosum 을 통해 반구 끼리 커뮤니케이션 가능

• Hemispheric Specialization

The Brain

• Broca’s area – speech

• Wernick’s area – understandig language

• Roger Sperry- Corpus Callosum ( 뇌량 )

Left hemisphere

•Language

•Movement

•Speaking of visual information

•Analutically (piece by piece)

The Brain

• Hemispheric Specialization

Right hemisphere

•little grammatical or pho-netic understanding /good semantic knowledge

•Practical language use

•Pointing of visual information

•Holistically (whole)

•visuospatial

• Lobes of cerebral Hemisphere

The Brain

•전두엽

-Motor processing and higher thought process( 판단 / 문제해결 / 성격 / 계획된 움직임 )

•Prefrontal cortex – complex motor control and task that require integration of information

•Primary motor cortex- 계획 / 조정 / 움직임의 실행 / 움직임의 특정

• Lobes of cerebral Hemisphere

The Brain

•마루엽

-somatosensory precessiong ( 촉감 , 고통 , 온도감각 , 사지 위치 )

•Primary somatosensory cortex-( 압박 , 씹히는느낌 , 온도 , 고통 ..)

• Lobes of cerebral Hemisphere

The Brain

•측두엽-autditory processiong ( 복잡한 음향 분석 )

•후두엽-visual processiong

The Brain

• Association Areas- The activity of sensory 와 motor cortices 를 연결

•Frontal Association area in 전두엽

- 문제해결 , 계획 , 판단을 위해 중요한 역할

보다 – visual cortex 활성화

말하다 – motor cortex 활성화

듣다 – auditory cortex 활성화

관련된 단어 만들기-Visual + auditory+ motor =Association area 활성화

PET scan