Ch. 5 Absorption Refrigeration - 서강대학교 청년광장 -...
Transcript of Ch. 5 Absorption Refrigeration - 서강대학교 청년광장 -...
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Thermal Engineering Lab., Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University
Ch. 5 Absorption Refrigeration
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
흡수식냉동기의 필요성: 하절기 전력 피크
5.1 Introduction
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
‘08년 월별 국내 전력사용량 ‘08년 월별 국내 LNG사용량
25,000
27,500
30,000
32,500
35,000
1월 2월 3월 4월 5월 6월 7월 8월 9월 10월 11월 12월
(단위 : GWh) 월별 전력사용량
흡수식냉동기의 필요성:
냉방부하에 의한 하절기 전력 피크
하절기 가스수요 감소
5.1 Introduction
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
5.2 Simple theoretical absorption
refrigeration system
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
압축식냉동기와 흡수식냉동기의 비교
Compressor
W
Condenser
QC
Evaporator
QE
Condenser
QC
Evaporator
QE
QG
Generator
Absorber
QA
Solution heat exchanger
Solution pump
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
흡수식냉동기 구성도
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
이상적인 압축식 냉동기와 흡수식냉동기 사이클
TH
QO
QL
QH
TO
TL
QO
QL
W
TO
TL
압축식 냉동 사이클 흡수식 냉동 사이클
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
이상적인 흡수식냉동기의 성적계수
TH
QO
QL
QH
TO
TL
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
흡수식냉동기의 성적계수
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
압축식 냉동기와 흡수식냉동기의 비교
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
5.3 Elementary properties of binary mixtures
NH3/H2O
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Duehring 선도상의 물/LiBr 흡수식냉동 사이클
E
C
A
Pressure
(mm
Hg)
Temperature (oC)
SHX
G
QG
QA
QC
QE
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
물/LiBr와 암모니아/물 시스템의 특성 비교
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
5.4 Elementary steady flow process
1 1 2 2 3 3m m m
지배방정식 (예 : 흡수기)
1 2 3m m m
1 1 2 2 3 3 absm h m h m h Q
Absorber
Refrigerant vapor
weak solution
cooling water
strong solution
<흡수기의 용액 흐름>
1
102
3
101
2
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
5.5 Rectification of a binary mixture
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
5.6 The ammonia/water absorption refigeration system
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
5.7 LiBr/water absorption refigeration system
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Single effect cycle
E
C
A
Pressure
(mm
Hg)
Temperature (oC)
G
QE
QC+QA
QG
1
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
성능향상 시도 1
E
C
A
Pressure
(mm
Hg)
Temperature (oC)
G
QG
QA
QC
QE
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
성능향상 시도 2
E
C
A
Pressure
(mm
Hg)
Temperature (oC)
G
QG
QC
QE
QA
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
성능향상 시도 3 – 이중효용 사이클
E
CH
A
Pressure
(mm
Hg)
Temperature (oC)
GH
QGH
QCH
QE
QA
GL CL
QCL
1
2
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
이중효용 사이클
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
이중효용 사이클
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
흡수식냉동기 상용화 제품 분류 작동냉매
시스템
특징
물/LiBr
중온수(일중효용)
지역냉방
직화식(이중효용)
중대형, 시장활성화
증기 또는 온수(이중효용)
중대형, 시장활성화
소형(이중효용)
최근 개발, 간접공냉
암모니아/물
대형(일중효용)
저온냉동용
소형(일중효용, GAX)
열펌프 겸용
확산형
냉장고
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
일중효용 흡수식냉동기 (온수 구동)
COMPONENTS OF HOT WATER FIRED ABSORPTION CHILLER
SOLUTION HEAT EXCHANGER PURGE SYSTEM
ABSORBER
EVAPORATOR
GENERATOR
CONDENSER
PUMPS
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
이중효용 흡수식냉동기(직화식)
COMPONENTS OF DIRECT FIRED ABSORPTION CHILLER - HEATER
2nd STAGE GENERATOR
SOLUTION HEAT EXCHANGERS
ABSORBER
EVAPORATOR
1st STAGE GENERATOR
CONDENSER
BURNER
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
이중효용 흡수식냉동기 (증기구동)
1st STAGE GENERATOR
HEAT EXCHANGERS DRAIN COOLER
ABSORBER
EVAPORATOR
2nd STAGE GENERATOR
CONDENSER
COMPONENTS OF TWO STAGE STEAM ABSORPTION CHILLER
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Calculation of LiBr/water sigle effect cycle
An absorption system with a solution heat exchanger is shown below. The mass rate of flow delivered by the solution pump is 1 kg/s.
a) Find the missing properties and fill out the table below. •Assume that p(abs)=p(eva) and p(gen)=p(con).
b) Calculate the rates of heat transfer at each of the components (generator, absorber, condenser, evaporator and solution heat exchanger) and the COP of this cycle?
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
States of the cycle
Point
LiBr- Concentratio
n
(%)
Temperature
(oC)
Enthalpy
(kJ/kg)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
55
?
62
?
0
0
0
?
?
?
65
?
40(sat. liq.)
5(sat. vap.)
?
?
?
?
2670
167.5
2511
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Duehring chart & h-x chart for LiBr/water
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Elementary steady flow process
1 1 2 2 3 3m m m
지배방정식 (예 : 흡수기)
1 2 3m m m
1 1 2 2 3 3 absm h m h m h Q
Absorber
Refrigerant vapor
weak solution
cooling water
strong solution
<흡수기의 용액 흐름>
1
102
3
101
2