Ch. 10.1.2
Transcript of Ch. 10.1.2
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Ch. 10-America Claims an Empire
• Section 1-Imperialism and America• Section 2-The Spanish American War• Section 3-Acquiring New Lands• Section 4-America as a World Power
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• Domestic Policy vs Foreign Policy
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Key Terms• Diplomacy• Imperialism• Militarism• Nationalism• Sphere of influence• Protectorate• Arbitration
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Old Diplomacy• 1. Noninterventionist• - the US did not intervene in foreign
affairs, especially Europe’s• 2. Isolationist• - the US acted alone in foreign affairs
as compared to working with other nations• 3. Passive and reactive• - the US waited for events to occur
and then acted accordingly• 4. Weak army and navy
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New Diplomacy• 1. Imperialistic• - going out and conquering territory to create an
empire• - Alfred Mahan, Henry Cabot Lodge, Teddy
Roosevelt• 2. Stronger army and navy• 3. Interventionist – especially in Central and South
America• - becoming more involved in other countries
affairs• - Monroe Doctrine• 4. Strong nationalism• - having strong pride and confidence in one’s
country
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Captain Alfred Mahan
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Ch. 10.1 Imperialism and America
• Imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world
• Which countries were the most powerful in 1900?
• Great Britain• Germany• France• Austria-Hungary• Italy• Russia• United States• Ottoman Empire-
Turkey)• Japan
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Middle East Before WWI(1914)
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Middle East After 1920
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Latin America-1800-Most countries were independent by 1830
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Why did the US and other countries look to imperialism?
• Brings military power and prestige to your country• Naval bases and refueling stations• $$$$-For natural resources as well as opening
new markets to sell your goods(trade)• Belief in cultural superiority-White Man’s Burden
-McKinley: "to take them all and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them." -Taft: We must help our "our little brown brothers” on the Philippines
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Taking Alaska and Hawaii• Fifteen-twenty minutes to research your
topic• Put info into the Padlet website: 1st Hour
Links• http://paddlet.com/cmbruns/alaskaus• http://padlet.com/cmbruns/hawaiius• Be ready to share your findings.• Once done, embed each Wall into your
daily blog.
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2nd Hour Links
• http://padlet.com/cbruns1/alaska2• http://padlet.com/cbruns1/hawaii2
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6th Hour Links
• http://padlet.com/cbruns1/alaska3• http://padlet.com/cbruns1/hawaii3
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Queen Liliuokalani-Last Queen of Hawaii-1893
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August 12, 1898
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Ch. 10.2-The Spanish American War
• By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire– Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico and a few
colonies in Africa(Morocco and Western Sahara)• The US had been interested in Cuba for a long
time– US tried to buy Cuba in 1854
• Cubans had been revolting against Spain frequently(1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) wanting independence
• Many felt sorry for the Cuban people
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What caused an increase in tension between the United States and Spain?
• 1. In 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between Spain and the Cubans
• 2. The conflict was described “bloody and brutal”• 3. Newspapers(Yellow Press) reported the brutality
of the Spanish General Weyler– The New York Journal reports "...blood on the
roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"
– American newspapers were clearly pushing the nation towards intervention in the Cuban situation
– William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer
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Causes of Spanish-American War 1898
• The USS Maine sinking• The Yellow Press• Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in
the concentration camps• The De Lome Letter• Jose Marti’s destruction of US property in
Cuba-making it look as thought Spain did it• To help the Cubans get independence
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General Valeriano “The Butcher” Weyler
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Jose Marti
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William Randolph Hearst
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Joseph Pulitzer
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The Yellow Press
• Instigated the war• United the general
public to want war with Spain
• Made people feel sorry for the Cubans
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The Yellow Kid
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President William McKinley
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Mckinley Considered a Coward
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Enrique Dupay de Lome
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De Lome Letter
• ...McKinley is weak and catering to the rabble and, besides, a low politician who desires to leave a door open to himself and to stand well with the jingos of his party."
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USS Maine-Feb. 15, 1898
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USS Maine After Explosion
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Declaration of War and the Teller Amendment
• On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain
• Discuss imperialists vs anti-imperialists in US• Teller Amendment was added to the declaration of
war against Spain• Guaranteed Cuban independence after the war was
over• Guess what the US did instead?
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Fronts in the Spanish-American War
• Philippines• Cuba• Puerto Rico
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Commodore George Dewey
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Battle of Manilla Bay
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Emilio Aguinaldo
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Admiral William Sampson
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Rough Riders
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Rough Riders
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Teddy Roosevelt & Leonard Wood
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John Hay “A Splendid Little War”
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Treaty of Paris-1898
• Brought an official end to the war• Spain gave Cuba independence(kind of)• US got control of the Philippines($20
million), Guam and Puerto Rico
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Misc.• The US Army was not prepared to
fight this war-The Navy was excellent!• Roughly 3000 US soldiers died in the
war-Only 385 battle deaths-2500 died due to disease
• Lasted April 25 – August 12, 1898 • The US became an empire for the first
time in our history