神経細胞（ニューロン） の構造naibunpi/Oka/KomabaLecture-1.pdf2009 SfN Chicago, Poster...
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ኬ ኬᏘဃ ܖᤵᴗ䛾㈨ᩱ • "Neuroscience“ Editors: Dale Purves et al., Sinauer, (ISBN: 978-0-87893-695-3) Hardcover 5th edition (2012) • Companion Website (free) http://sites.sinauer.com/neuroscience5e ᩍ⛉᭩䛻㛵㐃䛧䛯䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛺䛹䛜↓ᩱ䛷㜀ぴ䛷䛝䜛 • ⏕యሗᏛ◊✲ᐊ䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆䛾୰䛷ㅮ⩏㈨ ᩱ䛜㜀ぴ䛷䛝䜛䚹 • http://www.bs.s.u- tokyo.ac.jp/~naibunpi/Lecture_Index.html ᪥ ᮏ ㄒ 䛾 ᩍ ⛉ ᭩ • ᪥ ᮏ 䛂 ㄒ 䛾 ᩍ ⛉ ᭩ ᮏ ㄒ 䛂 ᇶ♏䛛䜙Ꮫ䜆⚄⤒⏕≀Ꮫ Ꮫ 䛃ᒸ Ⰻ㝯ⴭ 䜸䞊䝮 䛂 ᇶ♏ ᇶ ♫ ♏䛛 ᇶ♏ ᇶ 2012 䛛䜙Ꮫ䜆 䛛䜙Ꮫ 12 12 ᖺ 䜆⚄⤒⏕ Ꮫ䜆 (ISBN978 ⏕ 78 78- ⏕≀ 8 8 -4 ≀ - 4 4- 䛃 Ꮫ Ꮫ Ꮫ ≀Ꮫ ≀ 4 4 4 4 - - 274 䛃ᒸ 74 74- Ⰻ ᒸ ᒸ 4 4 4 - 21195 Ⰻ㝯 95 95- ⴭ ⴭ 㝯ⴭ 5 5 -9) • http://ssl.ohmsha.co.jp/cgi- bin/menu.cgi?&ISBN=978-4-274-21195-9 ᪥ᮏㄒ䛾ཧ⪃᭩ • 䛂⚄⤒䛸䝅䝘䝥䝇䛾⛉Ꮫ䛃ᮡ ᬕኵⴭ ㅮㄯ♫䝤 䝹䞊䝞䝑䜽䝇 2015ᖺ • 䛂䝙䝳䞊䝻䞁䛸䝸䝉䝥䝍䞊䛃 ➉୰ ᩄⴭ ᇵ㢼 㤋 䠔䠕ᖺ∧䠄2006ᖺ⌧ᅾ➨䠏∧䠅 • 䛂ศᏊ䛛䜙ぢ䛯⬻䛃ᕝ ㏙ⴭ ㅮㄯ♫ 䠕䠐ᖺ 䠄䜲䜸䞁䝏䝱䝛䝹䞉䝺䝉䝥䝍䞊䠅 ⱥㄒ䛾ཧ⪃᭩ • From Neuron To Brain. 4 th Ed. Nicholls, J.G., et al., Sinauer, 2001 (ISBN 0-87893- 439-1) 䠄ᩍ⛉᭩䛸䛧䛶ᶆ‽ⓗ䠅 • Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes. 3 rd Ed. Hille, B. Sinauer, Associates, 2001 (ISBN 0-87893-321-2)䠄⏕≀≀⌮ⓗ䛺ゎㄝ 䛜ヲ䛧䛔,䜲䜸䞁䝏䝱䝛䝹◊✲䛾䝞䜲䝤䝹ⓗ Ꮡᅾ䠅 ㄞ䜏≀ • 䛂⬻䜢ᴟ䜑䜛䛃 ❧ⰼ 㝯ⴭ ᮅ᪥ᗜ 䠌䠍ᖺ • ᢸᙜ ᒸ Ⰻ㝯 • ⌮Ꮫ㒊⏕≀Ꮫ⛉䠄≀Ꮫ䠅 ⏕ ⏕యሗᏛ◊✲ᐊ • 䠎㝵䠎䠐䠔ᐊ • 㟁ヰ䠖 䠎䠐䠐䠏䠔 • e-mail: [email protected] • http://www.bs.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~naibunpi/䠄ኚ᭦ ὀព䠅 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Society for Neuroscience SfN 2011, DC Neuroscience 2010 by the numbers: 31,975 attendees
Transcript of 神経細胞（ニューロン） の構造naibunpi/Oka/KomabaLecture-1.pdf2009 SfN Chicago, Poster...
• "Neuroscience“ Editors: Dale Purves et al., Sinauer, (ISBN: 978-0-87893-695-3)Hardcover 5th edition (2012)
• Companion Website (free)http://sites.sinauer.com/neuroscience5e
•
• http://www.bs.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~naibunpi/Lecture_Index.html
•20121212 (ISBN9787878-88-4-44-4444--2747474-444-211959595-55-9)
• http://ssl.ohmsha.co.jp/cgi-bin/menu.cgi?&ISBN=978-4-274-21195-9
•2015
•2006
•
• From Neuron To Brain. 4th Ed. Nicholls, J.G., et al., Sinauer, 2001 (ISBN 0-87893-439-1)
• Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes. 3rd
Ed. Hille, B. Sinauer, Associates, 2001 (ISBN 0-87893-321-2)
,
•
••
••• e-mail: [email protected]• http://www.bs.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~naibunpi/
••••••••••••••
Society for Neuroscience
SfN 2011, DC
Neuroscience 2010 by the numbers:31,975 attendees
Society for Neuroscience 2009399thth Annual Meeting, Chicago (29,980 attendees)
2009 SfN Chicago, Poster Sessions
McCormick Place, Chicago Convention Center
Special Lecture, President T. Carew
Lake Michigan
McCormick Place
Society for Neuroscience 2012422ndnd Annual Meeting, New Orleans (28,505 attendees)
2012 SfN New Orleans
Drs. L. Jan & Y.N. Jan Poster Sessions Eric Kandel
2008.10.09
GFPFP-P-GnRHH medakaTransgenic GFP-GnRH1 neurons Transgenic GFP-GnRH3 neurons
Medaka
•Genome database•Transparent•Spawn daily
Tg gnrh1
Tg gnrh2
Tg gnrh3
Tg gnrh2
Brain
Remove tectum
Electrode
Transgenic GFP-GnRH2 neurons
Whole brain in vitroOkubo et al. (2006)
Kanda et al. (2010)
Pituitary
POA
Spawn da
i GFWhole brain
G RFP
ailydan in vitro
RH2RHo prep
GFP
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GFP / -
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F2
F2
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SV40 polyAPcmcl2DsRed
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Daily cyclicity in pituitary lh gene expression
lhb mRNA
POAA-A-GGGG RH1 neuron activity y and d lhhh gene POAAA GGGG RH1 neuroRexpression show
on activityy ndandeurow w daily cyclicity
Daily cyclicity in AP firing activity of GnRH1 neurons
Karigo et al., 2012
Spontaneous action potential(AP) firing13:00
16:00
may be related to preovulatory GnRH/LH surge may be related to preovulator DL (spawning) cyclicity
IP
LH FSH Ca2+
LHβ-IP
FSHβ-IP
50μm
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Ca
FSHCa
Baseline peak 20-80%
Cells from 6 fish
173 147
BBas peak 20 80selineseelinese
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LH
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http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2013/
(10/04/2004)
http://nobelprize.org/
200002000
(10/04/2004)200404200004
200002000
20000020000
199191199991http://sites.sinauer.com/neuroscience5e/animations04.01.html
2004
1.
2.
3.
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10/09 00:37
Fig 1. The dividing wall between the cell and the outside world – including other cells – is far from being an impervious shell. On the contrary, it is perforated by various channels. Many of these are specially adapted to one specific ion or molecule and do not permit any other type to pass. Here to the left we see a water channel and to the right an ion channel.
Fig 2. Peter Agre’s experiment with cells containing or lacking aquaporin. The aquaporin is necessary for making the cell absorb water and swell.
Brain•••
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
(Kole, 2011)
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
(A) – (D)
(G), (H)
(E), (F)
(I)(I)(J) ( ) ( )(K)
(L)
(M) (N) (O)
(P)
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
A/D D/A
1.5mm
Patch pipettes
m
in vitro
ON
Tel.
Cut
OB
rostral
caudal
Cut
OT
••
••
(mV
)(n
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-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
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(mV
)(n
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ax/V
V=Vmax 1- exp(-t/ )
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
G
E=0 E=EK
K+K+
A- A-
K+ K+
A- A-
---- +
+
++
K+
1
221 ][
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K+ =
K+K+ K+
→
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SS
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K+ Na+
(mV)
-75+55(-60;Clin=52)
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
(mV
)(m
V)
(mV
)(m
V)
(mV
)
Na+
58mV
(mV
)(m
V)
K+
58mV
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
20 mTN-GnRH neurons
100 m
m
GnRH-3
A B
Neher & Sakmann, 1991
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(mV
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(mV
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2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Hodgkin, A. & Huxley, A.1963
(Eccles, J.C. )
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
(Vm) Vm (Vm)
(mV
)(m
A/c
m2 )
65mV
65mV
(mA
/cm
2 )(m
V)
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
(mV
)(m
A/c
m2 )
(mV
)(m
A/c
m2 ) TEA
A
B C
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0.5
1
(mV)
TTX Na
(mA
/cm
2 )
(mV)
Na K
-40
-30
-20
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10
20
-60 -30 0 25 50 60
Na INa=gNa*(Vm-ENa )
g_Na*(V_m-E_Na )
Na+
(Vm) -60 -30 0 25 50 600 0.15 0.75 1 1 1
(Vm-ENa ) -110 -80 -50 -25 0 10gNa *(Vm-ENa ) 0 -12 -37.5 -25 0 10
0
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40
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80
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K Ik=gK*(Vm-EK )g_K*(V_m-E_K )
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(Vm) -60 -30 0 25 50 600 0.15 0.75 1 1 1
(Vm-EK) 0 30 60 85 110 120gK*(Vm-EK ) 0 4.5 45 85 110 120
(mV
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+(m
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2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.(m
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(mSi
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(mV
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Na+
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2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Na+
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n: K+
(mV
)(m
V)
(mm)
(mm)
(mV
)(m
V)
→→
=1/e
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Na1
Na3
2
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2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Vx=V0 exp(-x/ )
=
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V0: length constant,
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ro:
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K+
(mV
)(
A)
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Hydropathic index→ hydrophobicity=
Na+ Channel K+ ChannelNa+
K+
S
Na+
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
ShB
R: ArgK: Lys
(E: Glu)
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
KThe Structure of the Potassium Channel:
Molecular Basis of K+
Conduction and SelectivityDeclan A. Doyle, Joa˜ o Morais Cabral,
Richard A. Pfuetzner, Anling Kuo, Jacqueline M. Gulbis, Steven L. Cohen, Brian T. Chait,
Roderick MacKinnon* SCIENCE VOL. 280 3 APRIL 1998
Ion conduction pore is conserved among
potassium channelsZhe Lu, Angela M. Klem & Yajamana RamuNATURE |VOL 413 | 25 OCTOBER 2001
Bacterial K channelKcsA
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Na
The voltage-sensitive sodium channel is a bell-shaped molecule with several cavitiesChikara Sato*, Yutaka Ueno*, Kiyoshi Asai*, Katsutoshi Takahashi², Masahiko Sato³, Andreas Engelß & Yoshinori FujiyoshiNature 409:1047-1051(2001)
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
2004 Sinauer Associates, Inc.
