Casebook - IIT Kanpur
Transcript of Casebook - IIT Kanpur
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
1/51
"#$%&''(
&)$*+%$$ ",)&-**. (#+/)0
Cases contributed by Student Placement Office, IIT Kanpur
.
Note: No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwisewithout the permission of
Business Club, IIT Kanpur.
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
2/51
" # $ % & '
#"(+'1,%23%4%+.
.567 "879:;;< =87 >;?@6A9B 8CB 9B6D9B :E &F76C977 "AF:- **. (8C@FG ?9?:9G7H *C >;?@6A6CI
D567 "879:;;68A D58C9?9CD 'KK6>9- **. (8C@FG D58D 587
?8B9 D567 @F:A6>8D6;C @;776:A9 D5G;FI5 D596G >;CDG6:FD6;C ;K "879 *CD9GJ69=H .59 9B6D;G7 =;FAB
8A7; A69 ;K D59
6CD9GJ69= =56>5 =87 ;K IG98D 6?@;GD8C>9 K;G 879:;;879:;;< =;FAB
C;D 58J9 :99C @;776:A9 =6D5;FD D59 59G>FA98C >;CDG6:FD6;C ;K &F76C977 "AF: ?9?:9G7 8CB D596G
B6A6I9C>9H
!"#$ &'$()**+ #$ ' ,-*./01 *2 1"( 3/$#4($$ &5/)6 77! 8'49/-6 '4. "'$ )((4
9-*./0(. #4 0*4:/401#*4 ;#1" 1"(
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
3/51
( # $ % & '
.#&,% 'M "'+.%+.$
NH *+.0'2)".*'+
OH
%7D6?8D9 D59 ?;:6A9 @5;C9 78A97 6C *CB68HPH 29J9A;@ =9: 6CD9GK8>9 K;G 8 A;8C 7>59?9H
QH
R8G69B @G;K6D ?8GI6C7 ;K 7D99A 6C *CB68C 8CB %FG;@98C ?8G56CI 8 C9= @5;C9 76?6A8G D; *T@5;C9 6C 7F:76B6U9B G8D97 6C **.(H
VH &FBI9D ;K ";??;C 198AD5 38?97 6C **.(H
WH *?@G;J9 D59 >;CB6D6;C7 ;K G;8B :9D=99C ,F>G;G9H
XH $D;G8I9 ;K ?6A< 6C =8G95;F79H
YH 3F977 97D6?8D6;C ;K 8CCF8A :FBI9D ;K **.(H
NZH%7D8:A675?9CD ;K D9A9>;? >;?@8C697 6C J6AA8I97H
NNH
4987FG97 D; 7D;@ 7F6>6B9 6C **.(HNOH/G6>9 ;K 6C>AFB6CI J6B9; 7DG98?6CI K8>6A6D697 6C ?;:6A9 @5;C97H
NPH%CDGE ;K 8 =8756CI ?8>56C9 >;?@8CE 6CD; *CB68C ?8GA6C6CI @G;K6D7 ;K 8 G98BE D; F79 >;C>G9D9 @G;BF>9GH
NSH29>G9876CI @G;K6D ?8GI6C7 6C 8 :F76C977 K8?6AEH
NVH *C>G9876CI G9J9CF97 ;K 8 DEG9 ?8CFK8>DFG6CI K6G?H
NWH&FE6CI 8 KG8C>5679 A6>9C>9 K;G 8C */, D98?H
NXH/9GK;G?8C>9 @8G8?9D9G7 K;G 8 ?;:6A9 @5;C9 >;?@8CEH
NYH/G;:8:6A6DE ;K *CB68 =6CC6CI D59 M*M# OZNZH
OZH%CDGE ;K #.4 ?8CFK8>DFG9G 6C *CB68H
ONH
,;>8D9 8 >9?9CD @A8CDH
OOH%7D6?8D9 CF?:9G ;K I;AK :8AA7 6C 86G 6C )$ ;C 8 $FCB8E ?;GC6CIH
OPH%7D6?8D9 D59 CF?:9G ;K >G;=7 6C (8C@FG
OQH29>A6C6CI @G;K6D7 ;K 8 @58G?8>9FD6>8A >;?@8CEH
OSH#B9[F8D9 CF?:9G ;K @G;?;D6;C8A 9T?86A7H
OVH*CJ97D NZ >;G9 GF@997 6C G8B6; D8L6 :F76C977 6C 4F?:86H
OWH%7D6?8D9 D59 D;D8A G9@86G :6AA K;G >;?@FD9G7 6C **.(H
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
4/51
) # $ % & '
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
5/51
* # $ % & '
*+.0'2)".*'+
&96CI 8:A9 D; >;CK6B9CDAE 8CB >;C767D9CDAE >G8>< >8797 67 8C 8:7;AFD9 G9[F6G9?9CD D; I9D8 \;: 6C >;C7FAD6CIH ];F ?8E :9 8D D59 ?;7D @G97D6I6;F7 7>5;;A- 58J9 8 7D9AA8G G^7F?^-
8CB :9 D59 A98B 6C K;AA697 D58D =6AA I9D E;F D59 6CD9GJ69=H 'C>9 E;F I9D D; D59 6CD9GJ69=
5;=9J9G- 9J9GE;C9 67 ;C D59 78?9 IG;FCBH .; I9D D59 \;: E;F 58J9 D; 8>9 9J9GE ;C9 ;K
D59 >8797H
M;GDFC8D9AE- >879 6CD9GJ69=6CI 67 8 769CD
@G8>D6>9H %J9C D5;79 =6D5;FD 8 @G6;G :F76C977 :8>8C B; =9AAH $F>>977 =6D5
>8797 G98AAE \F7D >;?97 B;=C D; K;FG D;G7_ 8@@G;8>56CI D59 6CD9GJ69= 6C 8
>;CK6B9CD- KG69CBAE 8CB >;CJ9G78D6;C8A ?8CC9G` :96CI ;GI8C6U9B 8CB ?9D5;B6>8A 6C E;FG
8@@G;8>5 D; 7;AJ6CI D59 @G;:A9?` 58J6CI 8 7;A6B >;??8CB ;K 8 KG8?9=;G< K;G @G;:6CI
D59 677F97 ;K D59 >879` 8CB @G8>D6>6CI FCD6A 8AA ;K D59 8:;J9 >;?97 C8DFG8AAE- 9J9C FCB9G
@G977FG9H
159C E;F K6G7D 7D8GD B;6CI >8797- D59E ?8E 799? B8FCD6CI 8CB E;F ?8E B;F:D E;FG
8:6A6DE D; 9J9G 8>569J9 ?87D9GEH a;=9J9G- 6K E;F @G8>D6>9 >8797 =6D5 8 @8GDC9G
>;C767D9CDAE ;J9G D59 PTQ =999 ?8DH
.567 IF6B9 =87 =G6DD9C D; I6J9 @9;@A9 D; D59 6CD9GJ69= @G;>977 8 @G6?9G ;C =58D D;
9L@9>D 6C 6CD9GJ69=7- =8E7 D; 8@@G;8>5 >8797- 8CB 5;= 7DFBE K;G D59?H 156A9 E;F 8G9
C;D A68797 =59C E;F 6CD9GJ69=- @G8>D6>6CI D59? =6AA I6J9 E;F 8J9GE I;;B 6B98 ;K =58D D; 9L@9>D =59C E;F I9D 6CD; D58D 6CD9GJ69= G;;?H
3;;B AF>< 8CB 58J9 KFCb
3?
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
6/51
+ # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 3&H D*/4. I$1 T$H $8\6C
&'$(J
%7D6?8D9 D59 ?;:6A9 @5;C9 78A97 6C *CB68 K;G D59 C9LD E98GH
;C767D6CI ;K O >56ABG9C 8CB O
@8G9CD7H 19 8A7; 877F?9B D58D 8C 8J9G8I9 8BFAD 6C D59 ?9DG;@;A67 >58CI97 8
?;:6A9 @5;C9 9J9GE Q E98G7 8CB 8 >56AB >58CI97 6D 9J9GE OHS E98G7H
M;G D59 $F:FG:8C 8CB )G:8C K8?6A697- =9 877F?9B 8 K8?6AE 76U9 ;K S >;C767D6CI ;K
P >56ABG9C 8CB O @8G9CD7H a9G9 =9 877F?9B D58D 8C 8BFAD >58CI97 8 ?;:6A9 @5;C9
,-./%-$0123%4/0-5"6)7/33/0-8
9:7%-5);-?5(+
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
7/51
G # $ % & '
9J9GE VHS E98G7 8CB 8 >56AB >58CI97 6D 9J9GE S E98G7H .59 @G;:8:6A6DE ;K 8 @9G7;C
:FE6CI K6G7D @5;C9 67 877F?9B D; :9 ZHOH
M;G D59 0FG8A K8?6A697 =9 877F?9B 8 K8?6AE 76U9 ;K V >;C767D6CI ;K Q >56ABG9C 8CB
O @8G9CD7H .59 8J9G8I9 8BFAD 59G9 :FE7 D59 58CB79D 9J9GE NZ E98G7 8CB 8 >56AB
758AA 9CB F@ B;6CI 7; 6C C98GAE V E98G7H .59 @G;:8:6A6DE ;K 8 @9G7;C :FE6CI K6G7D@5;C9 67 877F?9B D; :9 ZHNSH
L(1-*9*5#1'4 M
.;D8A )G:8C /;@FA8D6;CcdSeNZZfNPZg>GcVHS>G
.;D8A #BFAD /;@FA8D6;CcZHS f VHScPHOS>G
.;D8A "56AB /;@FA8D6;Cc ZHSfVHSc PHOS>G
4;:6A97 >58CI9B :E 8BFAD7 6C ;C9 E98Gc HOS f PHOS cHXN>G
4;:6A97 >58CI9B :E >56ABG9C 6C ;C9 E98Gc HQZ f PHOS c NHPZ>G
a9C>9 D59 D;D8A ?;:6A9 @5;C9 78A97 6C ?9DG;@;A6D8C >6DE c OHNN>G
?D3C@
.;D8A )G:8C /;@FA8D6;CcdOSeNZZfNPZg>GcPOHS>G
.;D8A #BFAD /;@FA8D6;CcZHQfPOHScNP>G
.;D8A "56AB /;@FA8D6;CcZHVfPOHScNYHS>G
4;:6A97 >58CI9B :E 8BFAD7 6C ;C9 E98GcNeVHS f NPcO>G
4;:6A97 >58CI9B :E >56ABG9C 6C ;C9 E98GcNeSfNYHScPHY>G &FD ;CAE WZ h 58J9 ?;:6A9 @5;C97H
$; CF?:9G ;K ?;:6A9 @5;C97 7;AB c SHY f HWcQHNP>G
09?86C6CI ?;:6A97 7;AB 8G9 D5;79 =56>5 8G9 :;FI5D :E @9;@A9 =5; 58J9 C;
?;:6A9 E9D cZHOfPOHSfHP c NHYS>G
a9C>9 D59 D;D8A ?;:6A9 @5;C9 78A97 6C FG:8C 8G98 cQHNP i NHYS cVHZX>G
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
8/51
C # $ % & '
E7BBCHAGcWX>G
.;D8A #BFAD /;@FA8D6;CcZHQfWXcPNHO>G
.;D8A "56AB /;@FA8D6;CcZHVfWXcQVHX>G 4;:6A97 >58CI9B :E 8BFAD7 6C ;C9 E98GcNeNZ f PNHOcPHNO>G
4;:6A97 >58CI9B :E >56ABG9C 6C ;C9 E98G cNeVfQVHXcWHX>G
&FD ;CAE QZ h 58J9 ?;:6A9 @5;C97H
$; CF?:9G ;K ?;:6A9 @5;C97 7;AB c NZHYO f HQc QHPW>G
09?86C6CI ?;:6A97 7;AB 8G9 D5;79 =56>5 8G9 :;FI5D :E @9;@A9 =5; 58J9 C;
?;:6A9 E9D cZHNSfWXfHV c WHZO>G
a9C>9 D59 D;D8A ?;:6A9 @5;C9 78A97 6C J6AA8I97 cWHZO i QHPW cNNHPY>G
a9C>9 D59 C9D 9L@9>D9B 78A97 ;K ?;:6A9 @5;C97 6C *CB68 C9LD E98G 67c NNHPY i OHQP iVHZX i OHNN c OOHZN >G
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
9/51
H # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG ANB D*/4. O4. J $8C\8E "58FB58GE
&'$( J
# :8C< 587 D; B9J9A;@ 8C 8FD;?8D9B =9: 6CD9GK8>9 K;G 8 A;8C 7>59?9 7@9>6K6>8AAE
catering small shop owners and businessmen. This system should be able to suggest
D59 K6G? 6K D59 9CB F79G 67 >G9B6:A9 9C;FI5 D; :9 >;C76B9G9B K;G D59 A;8C 8CB =58D 67 D59
G67< 6CJ;AJ9BH 158D 75;FAB :9 D59 6CK;G?8D6;C D58D 7F>5 8 7E7D9? 75;FAB 87< D59 9CB
F79G7 K;G 6C ;GB9G D; ?8D6;C ;G >A8776K6>8D6;Cj
;FAB 9876AE K6CB ;FD D59 >G9B6:6A6DE_T
NH
%CD9G D59 8?;FCD E;F 58J9 6C D596G >875- B9@;76D- 78J6CI7- 8CB >59>>;FCD7
87 ;K D;B8EH
OH
%CD9G D59 D;D8A J8AF9 ;K 8779D7 59AB 6C D59 C8?97 ;K E;FG dD59 7DFB9CDl7g :G;D59G7
8CB 767D9G7 =5; 8G9 FCB9G 8I9 NY 8CB C;D FC6J9G76DE 7DFB9CD7H
PH
158D 67 D59 D;D8A >FGG9CD ?8GAFB9 E;FG
5;?9- :F76C977- K8G?- G98A 97D8D9e@G;@9GDE- ;G G9D6G9?9CD @A8C7g
QH 158D 67 D59 >FGG9CD ?8G5879 @G6>9 ;K E;FG 5;?9jVH 158D 67 D59 D;D8A >FGG9CD ?8G5 87 G976B9CD68A ;G
>;??9G>68A @G;@9GD697 8CB A8CBT5;AB6CI7- ;D59G D58C D596G 5;?9j
WH 158D B; E;F ;=9 ;C ;D59G G98A 97D8D9e@G;@9GD697 D59E ;=Cj
XH a;= ?F>5 ?;C9E 67 ;=9B D; E;F :E ;D59G7j
YH %CD9G D59 8?;FCD E;F 9L@9>D D; :9 G9@8id by others this year..
NZHa;= ?F>5 8G9 E;FG ;D59G 8779D7 =;GD5j
NNH%CD9G D;D8A >FGG9CD ?8G8C 8A7; :9 @;79B _
%CD9G D59 8?;FCD E;FG @8G9CDd7g ;=9 ;C D567 :F76C977H
%CD9G D59 CF?:9G ;K @9;@A9 E;FG @8G9CDd7g 9?@A;E 6C D567
:F76C977H
156>5 @8G9CD ;=C7 D567 :F76C977j
%CD9G E;FG @8G9CDd7gl @9G>9CD ;K ;=C9G756@H
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
10/51
I # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 3&H D*/4. I$1T4;56D 46DD8A
&'$(G.; 7DFBE 8CB 8C8AEU9 D59 G987;C7 :956CB D59 J8G69B @G;K6D ?8GI6C7 ;K 8 7D99A >;?@8CE-
6C D=; ?8G9 6C ;GB9G D; ?8L6?6U9 @G;K6D7- 8CB 59C>9 @G;K6D ?8GI6C7- =9 C99B D; ?8L6?6U9 D59
G9J9CF97 8CBe;G G9BF>9 D59 >;7DH
'FG 8@@G;8>5 =;FAB :9 D; A;;< K;G @G;K6D7 ;C 8 A;CI D9G? :8767H
NH .59 K8>D;G7 D58D 8KK9>D D59 G9J9CF97 8G9T
29?8CB
$8A97
";?@9D6D;G7 +9= 9CDG697 6C D59 ?8GD;G7 D58D 8KK9>D D59 >;7D 8G9T
";7D ;K G8= ?8D9G68AT*G;C ;G9
$F@@A69G7
";7D ;K /G;BF>D6;C
.G8C7@;GD8D6;Ce*?@;GDT%L@;GD ";7DdK;G %FG;@98C ?8G
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
11/51
"; # $ % & '
>;?@8CE =6AA D897 ;K 6G;C ;G9 6C>G9879B :E NZhH .567 8BB9B D; D59
K6C8A >;7D ;K @G;BF>D6;CH $F@@A69G7_ 76C>9 D59 *CB68C 3;J9GC?9CD B6B C;D 8AA;= D59 9L@;GD ;K 6G;C
;G9H a9C>9 D59 >;?@8CE 6C ;GB9G D; I9D D59 G8= ?8D9G68A 587 D; @8E 598JE
6?@;GD BFDE 8CB ;D59G ;J9G598B >58GI97H
.G8C7@;GD8D6;Cde6?@;GD 9L@;GD >58GI97g_ #7 ?9CD6;C9B D59 >;?@8CE
58B D; @8E 7;?9 598JE 6?@;GDT9L@;GD BFD697 87 D59G9 =9G9 C; 6G;C ;G9
?6C97 6C %FG;@9H
74.#'4 L'-+(1 C4'5M$#$G
&96CI 8 A98B6CI $D99A ?8CFK8>DFG6CI >;?@8CE 6C *CB68- 6D 58B C; ?8\;G 677F97 G9I8GB6CI
C9= 9CDG697 D; D59 ?8G;?@9D6D;G7H #A7; 87 6D =87 D;AB D58D D59 B9?8CB7 8CB
78A97 =9G9 I;6CI K6C9 :FD D59 @G;K6D ?8GI6C7 KG;? D59 %FG;@98C ?8GD6;C 6C *CB68 =87 8A7; K86GAE 6C 8>>;GB8C>9
D; D59 ?8G;CB6D6;C 8D D58D D6?9H
;?@8CE 75;FAB I; KFGD59G 8CB :FE 8C 6G;C ;G9 87 6D =;FAB 59A@ D; G9BF>9
D59 >;7D ;K G8= ?8D9G68A7 D; >9GD86C 9LD9CDH *C >879 D59 >;?@8CE >;CD6CF97
=6D5;FD :FE6CI 8C 6G;C ;G9 D59 9KK9>D6J9 >;7D ;K @G;BF>D6;C =;FAB G9?86C 56I5H
.59 >;?@8CE 75;FAB 8A7; C;= DGE 8CB 6C>G9879 6D7 ?8G97 7D99@AEH $6C>9 D59 %FG;@98C ?8G;C;?6> >G6767- 6D =;FAB :9 8 I;;B D6?9 K;G D59 >;?@8CE D;
6C>G9879 6D7 ?8GD7 =6D5 @G6>97 8 A6DDA9 A;=9G
D58C D5;79 ;K ;D59G 97D8:A6759B >;?@8C697 D59G9H .59 6C>G9879 6C ?8G;?@8CE 6C KFDFG9 =59C D59 >G6767 >;CB6D6;C7 C; A;CI9G 9L67D 8CB59C>9 >;?@9D9 =6D5 D59 @G979CD A98B9G7 6C %FG;@98C ?8G;?@8CE >8C 8A7; >;C76B9G D59 6B98 ;K >;AA8:;G8D6CI =6D5 8C;D59G >;?@8CE
D58D 67 =9AA 97D8:A6759B D59G9 6C ;GB9G D; 98GC 7;?9 I;;B @G;K6D7 KG;? D59
%FG;@98C ?8G;AA8:;G8D6CI =6D5 8C;D59G >;?@8CE =;FAB 59A@ 6D
D; I9D 8 I;;B 6B98 ;K D59 7@9>6K6> B9?8CB7 ;K D59 ?8GD;G7 D58D8KK9>D D59 ?8G
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
12/51
"" # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG ANB D*/4. I$1 J $8C\8E "58FB58GE
&'$(_
# ?;:6A9 @5;C9 >;?@8CE 587 D; A8FC>5 8 C9= @5;C9 =56>5 67 76?6A8G D; D59 6@5;C9 6C
K98DFG97 8CB 67 8 A6DDA9 A977 9L@9C76J9H .; ?86B97 D; ;KK9G 8
7>59?9 D; 7DFB9CD7 ;K **. (8C@FG =56>5 D59E >8C 8J86A :E F76CI 8 >;F@;C 8CB I9D 8
B67>;FCD ;K 07H QZZZ ;C D59 8>DF8A >;7DH ];FG >;C7FAD6CI K6G? 67 87;F@;C ;G 6C
;D59G =;GB7 =5; 8G9 ?;G9 A6
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
13/51
"( # $ % & '
! 3G;F@ 6Jg .567 IG;F@ 67 ?;7DAE 6CKAF9C>9B :E 8DDG8>D6J9C977 ;K D59 @G;BF>D
:FD 7;?9 ;K D59? ?6I5D A;;< K;G A977 9L@9C76J9 @G;BF>DH
! 19 58J9 877F?9B D58D >;?@8CE 67 677F6CI >;F@;C7 D; @;@FA8G679 D596G
@G;BF>D 7; 6D =;FAB :9 :9C9K6>68A K;G D59? D58D 6D I9D7 @;@FA8G679B ;J9G
D59 =5;A9 >8?@F7 7; =9 >8C A6?6D >6G>FA8D6;C ;K N >;F@;C D; 98>5 =6CIH! #@8GD KG;? D567- D5;79 7DFB9CD7 =5; 58J9 I;D 6CD9GC756@ =;FAB :9 ?;G9
@G9K9G8:A9 K;G D59 >;?@8CE 87 D59E =;FAB :9 ?;G9 =6AA6CI D; :FE 6DH
%L@9>D9B h ;K 7DFB9CD 6CD9G97D9B 6C :FE6CI D59 @5;C9 _
3G;F@ C;H h ;K 7DFB9CD7 +;H ;K 7DFB9CD7
6g S XP
66g NS NNO
666g PZ NSP
6Jg OZ PZ
'FD ;K D59 8:;J9 K;FG IG;F@7 D59 ?8\;G @;GD6;C ;K ?8G>F@69B :E
3G;F@ 666gH
$; =9 =6AA @G;J6B9 ?8L6?F? CF?:9G ;K >;F@;C7 D; D567 IG;F@H
#>>;GB6CIAE- D59 B67DG6:FD6;C ;K >;F@;C7 67 87 K;AA;=7_
3G;F@ C;H +;H ;K >;F@;C7
6g NZ
66g
PZ
666g
SZ
6Jg NZ
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
14/51
") # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG L08#4$(M D*/4. O4.JB0K/4 B/44%3
&C
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
15/51
"* # $ % & '
%8>5 8D5A9D9 758G9B 8C 9L@9CB6DFG9 ;C 7D8D9 ;K 8GD 7@;GD7 K8>6A6D697 K;G @G8>D6>9-
DG86C6CI- 8CB 7@;GD7 >;CBF>D6;C K8>6A6D697H .567 =87 97D6?8D9B D; :9 8G;FCB WZZ
>G;G97H
a98AD5 M8>6A6D697 ;C 98>5 8D5A9D9 =87 877F?9B D; :9 NZ A8D;G7 =6D5 KG99 ?9B6>6C8A 8CB 5;7@6D8A >;7DH .G8C7@;GD M8>6A6D697 6C>AFB9B 8AA D59 DG8C7@;GD 8CB D;FG67? K8>6A6D697 8J86A9B D;
D59 @8GD6>6@8CD7 =56>5 8A7; 6C>AFB97 ?9DG;H .5F7 6D =;FAB 58J9 6C>FGG9B 8 >;7D ;K
8G;FCB PSZZ >G;G9H d*C>AFB6CI 0;8B 8CB a6I5=8E7gH
a;7@6D8A6DE ;C 98>5 8D5A9D9 =87 8 598JE :FGC9G 6C D59 @;>AFB9B >9A9:G6D697 [F;D69CD- B6@A;?8D7 :E @G;J6B6CI a;D9A7- &;;< $D;G97- M;;B
M8>6A6D697- %CD9GD86C?9CD- $9>FG6DE =;FAB 58J9 A9B D; 8 >;7D ;K S A8G;G9d N B8E7 >;??;C=98AD5 38?97g
'@9C6CI 8CB >A;76CI >9G9?;CE 587 :99C 8AA;DD9B 8 76IC6K6>8CD @69 ;K :FBI9DH
.59 9L@9CB6DFG9 6C>AFB9 OZZ >G;G97 >;7D ;K 98>5 >9G9?;CEH
49G>58CB676CI K;G ";??;C=98AD5 38?97 =87 8C;D59G 7;FG>9 ;K 9L@9CB6DFG9
=56>5 >;J9G9B 5 8CB 9J9GE;C9 6CJ;AJ9B =6D5 ";??;C=98AD5
38?9 6C>AFB6CI .T756GD7- 7;J96FC9G 9D>H .59 D;D8A >;7D ;K D567 49G>58CB676CI =87
OZ D5;F78CB @9G @8GD6>6@8CD 8CB 8G;FCB ZHS A8>< @9;@A9 =9G9 B67DG6:FD9B D59 5 ?8;7D D; :9 NZZZ >G;G9H
.59 D;D8A >;7D ;C &G8CB ";??;C=98AD5 =87 SZZ >G;G9 =56>5 67 :G;G;G97 K;G /0 8CB PZZ >G;G97 K;G 48G;?97 ;FD D; :9
OZ A86@8D6CI
.;D8A ";7D c WZZZfNHS c NZ-SZZ "G;G9
'D59G ";7D7 *C>FGG9B_
";7D ;K .G8C7@;GD8D6;C K8>6A6D697 c 07 PSZZ >G;G97
";7D ;K 49G>58CB676CIc 07H NZZZ "G;G97
";7D ;K '@9C6CI 8CB "A;76CI "9G9?;CEc 07H QZZ "G;G97
";7D ;K #BJ9GD679?9CD c 07H SZZ "G;G97
";7D ;K *CKG87DGF>DFG9 M8>6A6D697 c 07 WZZ >G;G97
@(1 3/.P(1S D$>IO6TUU &-*-(
d/H$H T *C>AF76J9 ;K +;CT$@;GD7 09A8D9B *CKG87DGF>DFG9 29J9A;@?9CDg
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
16/51
"+ # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 3&H I$1D=?@R J$;C8? 3;9C
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
17/51
"G # $ % & '
.;D8A G9J9CF9 @9G :F7 @9G DG6@ c XZfVZ c QXZZ07H
+9D @G;K6D c QXZZTQZZ c QQZZ 07H
19 758AA @AE V 7F>5 ;C9 =8E DG6@7 @9G :F7 8CB =9 58J9 O 7F>5 &F797 D;
;FG B67@;78AH
a9C>9 D;D8A @G;K6D I9C9G8D9B @9G B8E c QPZZfOfVc SNVZZ 07H .59G9K;G9 D;D8A @G;K6D7 K;G 8 ?;CD5 c SZZZZfPZc NS A89 ;K :F7 c N A89 ;K ;D59G :F797c O A89 ;K G;8B7 c NHS A8;CDG6:FD6;C D; B9J9A;@?9CD KFCB c NHSA89 79AK ?86CD9C8C>9 ;K O &F797 c O A89 ;K O :F797 c Q A89 ;K G;8B7 K;G O :F797 c P A8;CDG6:FD6;C D; B9J9A;@?9CD KFCB :E D59 O :F797 c P A89 D;D8A KFCB7 FD6A6U9B K;G 8 ?;CD5 K;G 8AA D59 :F797 c OiQiPiPc NO
A8GH c dWZiPZg c N >G;G9H
.567 A98J97 F7 =6D5 Q ,85 758AA
9C58C>9 D59 ;J9G8AA DG8J9AA6CI 9L@9G69C>9 K;G D59 @8779CI9G7 8CB 6C DFGC 86B ;FGG9J9CF9 ?;B9AH a9C>9- ;FG ?;B9A 67 >;?@A9D9AE 7DGF>DFG9BH
*K D59 6CD9GJ69=9G 876DE D; G9BF>9 .G8KK6> A;I D6?9 8CB
6C>G9879 ?;:6A6DEH
OHg*?@G;J9 0;8B7
PHg"G98D9 MAE;J9G KG;? 3. G;8B D; ,F>;CC9>D6CI G;8B D; A9779C D6?9
KG;? (8C@FG D; ,F>8C 76DE (8C@FG 8CB 6D7 .G8KK6> ;C D59=8EH
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
18/51
"C # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 3&H I$1D=?@R T $;C8? 3;9C8A>FA8D9- 8B59G6CI D; ;FG 8:;J9 ?9CD6;C9B 877F?@D6;C7- D59 @G;K6D7
@9GD86C6CI D; 98>5 >879 8CB D59C ;CAE 7F:7D8CD68D6CI ;FG G97FAD7H
19 8G9 :876CI ;FG >879 ;C D59 ,-*2#1$ S D(V(4/($ &*$1$?;B9AH
19 B6J6B9B 46A< B67DG6:FD6;C 6C D59 K;AA;=6CI =8E7_
T
&*$1 '4'5M$#$ 2*- $1*-#4P '4. $(4.#4P K#5+ d@9G :;DDA9gT
"#$%
'()#*+(#,-
.(,)/ 0 ./-1 ./-1 )/2($3
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
19/51
"H # $ % & '
a9G9- D59 9LDG8 8?;FCD @G;BF>9B >8C :9 8>>;??;B8D9B 6C 7D;G8I9 8CB C;D
76?@AE =87D9BH .5F7 =87D8I9 67 A977 ;J9G 59G9H
48CFK8>DFG6CI ";7Dc V 07H d.567 58@@9C7 :9>8F79 ;K 9>;C;?697 ;K 7>8A9g
.G8C7@;GD8D6;C >;7D K;G DG8C7@;GD6CI D59 :;DDA9 D; D59 =8G95;F79c N07H
.G8C7@;GD8D6;C >;7D K;G DG8C7@;GD6CI D59 :;DDA9 KG;? D59 =8G95;F79 D; D59G9D86A9Gc N 07H
";7D 6CJ;AJ9B =6D5 7D;G8I9 ;K ?6A< :;DDA9c O 07H
";7D 6CJ;AJ9B =6D5 =87D8I9 BF9 D; FC>;C7F?9B 7D;>;7D 6C @G;BF>D6;C- 7D;G8I9 8CB B67DG6:FD6;Cc NZHS 07H
a9C>9- +9D /G;K6D c NSTNZHS c T>WU D$> ,(- )*115(
&*$1 C4'5M$#$ 2*- $(4.#4P K#5+ .#-(015Md@9G :;DDA9gT
+;D9 D58D T .567 @8GD =;FAB :9 8>>;?@8C69B :E B9>G9879 6C C;H ;K :;DDA97
produced as the company would produce regularly and according to markets
demand (though probably with some margin extra) as they dont have storage
K8>6A6D697 8J86A8:A9 D; D59?H
48CFK8>DFG6CI >;7D c W 07H
.G8C7@;GD8D6;C >;7D K;G DG8C7@;GD6CI D59 :;DDA9 D; D59 G9D86A9G c NHS 07HdB9K6C6D9
B9>G9879 6C DG8C7@;GD8D6;C >;7D g
";7D 6CJ;AJ9B =6D5 =87D8I9 BF9 D; D59 FC>;C7F?9B 7D;>< c NHS 07H
.5F7- D;D8A >;7D 6C @G;BF>D6;C- 7D;G8I9 8CB B67DG6:FD6;C c NZ 07H
a9C>9- +9D /G;K6D c NS NZcW D$> ,(- )*115(
&*405/$#*4G
.5F7 =9 58J9 8GG6J9B 8D D59 >;C>AF76;C D58D B6G9>DAE 79CB6CI ?6A< D; D59 7D;G8I9
75;@7 67 D59 :9C9K6>68A 7;AFD6;C K;G F7 6C D567 >879H *D =;FAB 6C>G9879 ;FG G9J9CF97
8CB D5F7 9C7FG9 D59 @G;K6D8:6A6DEH
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
20/51
"I # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG L08#4$(M6 I$1D*/4.G R((9'4$"/ C-*-'
&'$(
3F977D6?8D9 D59 #CCF8A &FBI9D ;K **. (8C@FGH 48DFG6CI ;K D59 >879H
a9G9 8A7;- ?FAD6@A9 7DGF>DFG97 8G9 @;776:A9H 19 758AA @G;>99B =6D5 D59 76?@A97D @;776:A9
7DGF>DFG9H
,9D F7 877F?9 **.( D; :9 8 C;CT@G;K6D ;GI8C6U8D6;CH .59C 8AA D59 G9J9CF97 I9C9G8D9B
=;FAB :9 9[F8A D; D59 >;7D7 ;K ;@9G8D6;C- =56>5 =;FAB 8I86C :9 9[F8A D; D59 .;D8A
&FBI9D K;G D59 E98GH M;G 76?@A6>6DE G987;C7 =9 =;FAB @G;>99B KG;? D59 >;7D7 76B9H
,9D F7 @G;>99B =6D5 >8A>FA8D6CI D59 D;D8A ;@9G8D6;C8A >;7D7H
NH 26J6B9 D59 >;?@A9D9 @;@FA8D6;C 6CD; P 79>D;G7H $DFB9CD7- $D8KK m M8>FADEH
OH
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
21/51
(; # $ % & '
SH 467>9AA8C9;F7 =;G9 =;G9 =;G5H
c NSZH
PH 467>9AA8C9;F7 SZH
d/9;@A9 =;G9- M8>FADE :F6AB6CI- ,6:G8GE- 9D>Hg
.59G9K;G9 D;D8A CF?:9G ;K =;GH C$$#$1'41 ,-*2($$*- J Y A@8H
.59G9 8G9 NO B9@8GD?9CD7 6C **. (8C@FG T %8>5 B9@8GD?9CD 587
8@@G;L6?8D9AE X @G;K977;G7- X 877;>68D9 @G;K977;G7- 8CB NZ
#7767D8CD @G;K977;G7H $; D59G9 8G9 YZ @G;K977;G7- YZ #77;>68D9
@G;K977;G7- 8CB NOZ #7767D8CD @G;K977;G7H
&'50/5'1#*4$G QOZZfN i VSZfHNfNO i OSZfHOfNO i NZZfHPfNO i YVfNS i YVfNO i
NOZfY #C7=9GH
c YXYZ ,8>7 co NZZ >G;G97 d#@@G;LHg
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
22/51
(" # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG !"#$ &'()*+'(, -*'./ H*(4+'
&C;? *CBF7DGE =8CD7 D; 97D8:A675 6D7 G9D86A7 75;@7 6C R6AA8I97H ,67D D59 K8>D;G7 =56>5
=;FAB :9 6C7DGF?9CD8A 6C B9>6B6CI =56>5 J6AA8I97 D; >5;;79H
99B F76CI *CDF6D6;C 8CB $F@@AE m
29?8CB 4;B9A- 8CB D59G98KD9G >59>F7D;?9G7H
PH 740*K( ,-*2#5( *2 E#55'P(-$ _ .59 J6AA8I97 6C =56>5 D59 @9;@A9 =;FAB :9
58J6CI 8 A8GI9G *C>;?9H %L8?@A9_ ,6A;79 :E 8
/G;BF>D6;C /A8CD- D59C ?;7D ;K D59 @9;@A9 =;FAB :9 9?@A;E9B 6C D58D @A8CD-
8CB 6C D58D >879- .59 *C>;?9 /G;K6A9 ;K D59 >;C>9GC9B J6AA8I9 =;FAB :9 ?F>5
56I59GH
4;G9 K8>D;G7 >8C :9 A67D9B F76CI D59 T& 8CB T, KG8?9=;G59>< D59
J8A6B6DE ;K D59 A67D9B K8>D;G7- 8I86C D59 8:;J9 ?9CD6;C9B KG8?9=;G8C :9 F79BH
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
23/51
(( # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 3&H6 I$1D*/4.J L*"#1 L#11'5
&C
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
24/51
() # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG =9(-' >876;C8A F79G7H .59
/G6>6CI ;K D567 79GJ6>9 75;FAB :9 B;C9 7; 87 D; >8D9G D; D59 C99B7 ;K 8AA F7D;?9G7- 87 D59 ;>>876;C8A >F7D;?9G7 =;FAB ;CAE F79 D59 79GJ6>9 ;C>9 6C 8 =56A9 8CB
=;FAB ;CAE :FE D59 75;GDTD9G? G9>58GI97 K;G D567 79GJ6>9H
M;G D59 G9IFA8G F79G7- D59 @G6>6CI >;FAB :9 B;C9 ;C 8 @;7DT@86B :8767- 87 D58D =;FAB :9
?F>5 ?;G9 >;CJ9C69CD K;G D59?H
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
25/51
(* # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 3&H6 O4.D*/4.J (875J6 .G6J9B6
&C56C9 ?8CFK8>DFG6CI >;?@8CE =8CD7 D; 9CD9G D59 *CB68C 48G56C97 D59E =;FAB 79AA- 877F?6CI D596G ?8G6DE
G987;C7H
48\;G F79G7_ X*/$("*5.8CB ;D59G 7?8AA 7>8A9 ";??9G>68AF79G7 dR9GE 7?8AA G8D6;HgH
%7D6?8D6CI D59 CF?:9G ;K 48>56C97_
.;D8A /;@FA8D6;C_ NOZ >G;G97H
/;@FA8D6;C 267DG6:FD6;C "6D697_ PZ h .;=C7_ OSh R6AA8I97_ QSh
d#77F?@D6;C :879B ;C D59 G9>9CD 6CK;G?8D6;C KG;? D59 A8D97D *CB68C 29?;IG8@56>7Hg
C
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
26/51
(+ # $ % & '
QH *C .;=C7_
8H /;;G_ QZh T 46C6?8AH
:H 49B6F?_ QZh T NeS K8?6A697 58J9 =8756CI ?8>56C97H
>H 06>5 _ OZh T QeS K8?6A697 58J9 =8756CI ?8>56C97H
.;D8A CF?:9G_ d"8A>FA8D6CI KG;? D59 8:;J9 B8D8g XHPW >G;G97 =8756CI
?8>56C97 6C *CB68H
#J9G8I9 8I9 ;K 8 =8756CI ?8>56C9 X E98G7
48G56C97 7;AB c XHPWfdNeXgfdOeNZZg
c OHZY A856C97 7;AB D; D59 >F7D;?9G 7;AB D; D59 >F7D;?9G7
=5; 8>DF8AAE >8?9 D; G9@A8>9 D596G =8756CI ?8>56C97-
"8A>FA8D6CI D59 CF?:9G ;K =8756CI ?8>56C97 7;AB D; D59 >F7D;?9G7 =5;
@FG>5879B =8756CI ?8>56C97 K;G D59 K6G7D D6?9 _T
#J9G8I9 3G;=D5 G8D9 ;K 48GF7D;?9G7 c ZHXPW >G;G97
48G56C97 7;AB D; C9= >F7D;?9G7 c NHVW A856C97 7;AB c OHZY i NHVW c PHWV A8
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
27/51
(G # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG!"#$ &'()*+'(, 0.1234 56437(48
&CA69CD 67 8 098BETD;TF79 ";C>G9D9 @G;BF>9G 8CB 67 G9>9CDAE K8>6CI 8 B9>A6C9 6C @G;K6D7H
M6CB D59 G987;C7 8CB @G;@;79 8 7;AFD6;CH
G9879B 6C D59 G9>9CD E98G7j
B'M#4P */1 1"( '4$;(-$:
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
28/51
(C # $ % & '
)79 D59 @G;K6D8:6A6DE KG8?9=;GA6C6CI-
>8G9KFAAE K;>F7 ;C D59 09J9CF97 8CB >;7D7H
)CB9G7D8CB =56>5 K8>D;G FCB9G G9J9CF9 ;G >;7D7 67 BG6J6CI D59 B9>A6C9 6C
@G;K6D8:6A6DEH
.8>;FCD D59 8C7=9G7 D; D5979 [F97D6;C7- =9 >8C 7F??8G6U9 ;FG (9E
M6CB6CI7 K;G 7F>5 >8797- 8CB D59C 7;AFD6;C7 >8C :9 @G;@;79B 7;AJ6CI D59 ?8\;G 677F97
=56>5 =;FAB 58J9 :99C 9C>;FCD9G9B 6C D59 8:;J9 8C8AE767H
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
29/51
(H # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG L08#4$(MJR((9'4$"/ C-*-'
&CG9876CIH $FII97D 5;= =;FAB E;F
I; F@;C 6?@G;J6CI 6DH
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
30/51
(I # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG L08#4$(MJ $;C8? 3;9C
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
31/51
); # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG =9(-' $*5/1#*4$G /G8D99< 3F@D8
;CD86C7 NX @A8E9G7H
#C 8J9G8I9 D98? >;?@G6797 ;K D=; :6I=6I7- PTQ I;;B @A8E9G7 8CB G97D K86GAE I;;B
@A8E9G7H
#77F?6CI @G;K6DcOZZ >G;G97 H
97 ;K >;7D
,6>9C79 K99
&FE6CI @A8E9G7TO ?86C @A8E9G7TNQiNO >G;G97 - PQ >G;G97 K;G D59 ;D59G
@A8E9G7dNV @A8E9G7g K;G D5G99 E98G7- K;G N EGT NN >G;G97
/8E?9CD D; @A8E9G7T O?86C @A8E9G7TNO >G;G97 @9G 7987;C- G97D X >G;G97 K;G
NV @A8E9G7 /8E?9CD7 D; 7D8KK A6;8>597- >599GI6GA7 SZ
A8G;G9
#BJ9GD676CI D5G;FI5 @G6CD ?9B68- 8CB D9A9J676;C OS >G;G9
.;D8ATVNHS >G;G9 i A6>9C79
09J9CF9 I9C9G8D6;C_
&G;8B>87D6CI G6I5D7TPS >G;G97
$9AA6CI ?9G>58CB679 TW >G;G97 8KD9G ?9G>58CB679 7@;C7;G D8G;G97 6C>AFB6CI DG8J9A-?9G>58CB679- H7@;C7;G7
Selling stadium ticketsaround 60,000 per matchT
dOZZ 8J9G8I9 D6>9 fVZ< >8@8>6DEfX?8D>597cYHV >G;G9g
.;D8A 09J9CF9TWW >G;G97
/G;K6Dd97D6?8D9BgcOZ >G;G9
,6>9C79 M99cPSHS >G;G9 @9G E98G
&'$(G
*K E;F 58J9 D; :FE 8 KG8C>5679 A6>9C79 K;G 8C */, D98?- 5;= ?F>5 =;FAB E;F @8E K;G D59A6>9C79j
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
32/51
)" # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 7Z &*4$/51#4P -*/4. OG $ $8\6C
&'$(G
267>F77 D59 @9GK;G?8C>9 @8G8?9D9G7 K;G 8 ?;:6A9 @5;C9 >;?@8CE
D6;C
! 159D59G D59 >;?@8CE B;97 B9A6J9GE ;C B;;G ;G C;D
48G
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
33/51
)( # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG L08#4$(M I$1 -*/4.J08J6 /G8
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
34/51
)) # $ % & '
Q 5
.;D8A /G;:8:6A6DE ;K *CB68 =6CC6CI M*M# 1"c NeQSZZ f PeOZ f NePO fNePO f NePO
fNePO
cNePNQSWOXZZZZ
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
35/51
)* # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG =9(-'
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
36/51
)+ # $ % & '
&=L,A!7!7=@ C@CB[
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
37/51
)G # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 3&HJ 4;56D 46DD8A
&'$(G
.; A;>8D9 8 >9?9CD @A8CD
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
38/51
)C # $ % & '
R#$1-#01 941:.';7 .4?@/A
941:.';7 .(?@/A
941:.';7
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
39/51
)H # $ % & '
9=JK %)( *&)(0 5#(0 #4 0+)/(6#+0)0.#/9?9CD @A8CD 75;FAB :9 79DF@ 6C 18B6H
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
40/51
)I # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 7Z &*4$/51'40M; $ $8\6C
8C :9 @A8E9B 6C D=;7- D5G997 8CB 9J9C 87 8C 6CB6J6BF8A 5;::E- :FD @A8E6CI 6C
D=;7 67 D59 ?;7D @;@FA8GH
.59G9K;G9- C; ;K 3;AK :8AA7 F79B c ZHS f PVHVX 4 c NXHPQ 4
+;= 8 I;AK @A8E9G 56D7- ;C 8C 8J9G8I9 ;C9 75;D @9G P ?6CFD97- ;FD ;K =56>5 D59 I;AK :8AA 67
6C 86G K;G NZ 79>;CB7- =56>5 6?@A697 K;G 8C 6C7D8CD- D59 @G;:8:6A6DE ;K 8 :8AA D; :9 K;FCB 6C
86G 67 NZeNXZ c ZHZSS
X(40( 4*> *2 H*52 )'55$ #4 '#- S U>UWW ^ I_>ZT L S I>UU_ L
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
41/51
*; # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG R#'K*4. &*4$/51#4PJ /G8D6< R6?8A
&'$(G
%7D6?8D9 D59 CF?:9G ;K >G;=7 6C (8C@FGH
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
42/51
*" # $ % & '
7@R?
R9GE A977 DG997H
"G;=7 B; C;D 58J9 K;;BH
$; D59 CF?:9G ;K >G;=7 >8C :9 C9IA9>D9BH
CDAC ?@RAD EAHA!C!7=@:
+; DG997 6C :8GG9C 8G98H
3;;B K;;B 8J86A8:6A6DE 6C 8IG6>FADFG8A 8G98 7; ?;G9 CF?:9G ;K C97D7 @9G NZ DG997H
4;G9 CF?:9G ;K DG997H
.G997 8J86A8:A9 ;CAE 8D :;FCB8G697 ;K K69AB ;G 8A;CI G;8B76B9H
N DG99 6C 9J9GE QZZ ?f?H N ;FD ;K S DG997 58J9 8 C97DH
#G98 FCB9G J9I9D8D6;C c NSZfZHWfZHPc PNHS
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
43/51
*( # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG R#'K*4. &*4$/51'40MJ 08J6 /G8A69CD 67 8 @58G?8>9FD6>8A >;?@8CEH M;G @87D D=; E98G7- 6D7 @G;K6D7 8G9 ;C 8 B9>A6C9Ha;= =;FAB E;F IF6B9 6Dj .59 >;C7DG86CD =87 D58D @G6>97 =9G9 78>G;78C>DH
A6C6CI ;CAE 6C D59 @87D D=; E98G7- 96D59G D59 G9J9CF9 67 B9>G9876CI ;G D59 >;7D 67
6C>G9876CIH ,9D F7 8C8AE79 98>5 ;K D59? 79@8G8D9AEH
D(V(4/( :
NH 48G;?@8CE 8?;CI7D D59 ;D59G @A8E9G7 6C D59
?8GG9879BH .567 >;FAB :9 :9>8F79 ;K D59 K;AA;=6CI G987;C_
#GG6J8A ;K C9= >;?@9D6D;G_ *C D567 >879- .59 >;?@8CE 75;FAB 7@9CB
?;G9 8?;FCD ;K ?;C9E ;C 8BJ9GD679?9CD7 D58C 6D F79B D; B; D6AA C;=H
*D 75;FAB @F:A6>679 6D7 @G;BF>D =9AAH
&9DD9G ?8GD6>7 ;K D59 ;D59G @A8E9G7_ #I86C- D59 >;?@8CE
75;FAB K;>F7 ;C ?8GD7 ?8B9 :E >;?@9D6D;G7_ .59 G987;C >;FAB :9
Dhat the quality of the companys product is not up to the level in the
?8G;?@8CE 75;FAB K;>F7 ;C 09798G>5 8CB
B9J9A;@?9CD- 8CB 6?@G;J9 D59 [F8A6DE ;K 6D7 @G;BF>DH #C;D59G 7;AFD6;C
>;FAB :9 D58D D59 >;?@8CE 75;FAB DGE 8CB >;AA8:;G8D9 =6D5 7;?9 ;D59G
>;?@8CE- =5; ?8CFK8>DFG9 :9DD9G [F8A6DE @G;BF>D 8CB 6D >8C 79AA D59?
FCB9G 6D7 :G8CB C8?9
OH 48G;FAB :9 D59 >879 =59C D59 ;J9G8AA ?8GFA8G @G;BF>Dd7g D58D D59 >;?@8CE 67 79AA6CI 587
B9>G9879B 8CB D58D @G;BF>Dd7g 8G9 C;D 79AA6CI C6>9AE 6C D59 ?8G;FAB :9 D58D 6B9CD6KE D59 @G;BF>Dd7g-
B9>G9879 d;G 6K @;776:A9g 7D;@ D59 @G;BF>D6;C ;K D58D @G;BF>D- 8CB
7@9CB ?;G9 ;C @G;BF>D7 D58D 8G9 79AA6CI =9AAH
&*$1G
";7D ;K @G;BF>D6;C >;FAB :9 6C>G9876CI ?8E :9 :9>8F79 D59 >;?@8CE
B;97 C;D 58J9 8BJ8C>9B D9>5C;A;IE D; @G;BF>9 I;;B7 8D 8 >598@9G
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
44/51
*) # $ % & '
G8D9H *C D567 >879- 6 =;FAB 7FII97D D59 >;?@8CE D; K;>F7 ;C G9798G>5
8CB B9J9A;@?9CD- 8CB DGE D; B9J9A;@ C9= D9>5C;A;IEH ";7DT>FDD6CI
8A7; >8C :9 8C;D59G ?9D5;B D; G9BF>9 >;7DH #C;D59G 7;AFD6;C >;FAB :9
D; >;AA8:;G8D9 =6D5 D59 ;D59G >;?@8C697 D58D 58J9 D59 D9>5C;A;IE D;
@G;BF>9 I;;B7 8D 8 >598@9G G8D9H
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
45/51
** # $ % & '
897EFG8EHEF: EI5 .EFG8
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
46/51
*+ # $ % & '
M;G G9IFA8G F79G7- D59 CF?:9G ;K ?86A7 79CD =6AA :9 8G;FCB W @9G ?;CD5 87 6D 67
A977 A6FA8G G8CI9 ;K @G;BF>D7 dD59E 8G9 C;D
J9GE ?F>5 6CD9G97D9B 6C D567 @8GD6>FA8G :G8CBgH
M;G G8G9 F79G7- Q ?86A7 =6AA :9 79CD @9G ?;CD5 87 D59E 79AB;? F79 D59 >;?@8CEl7
@G;BF>D7H
!=!CB @?L3AD =Y LC7B< \9(- K*41" 9(- 0/$1*K(-] F7BB
3A !XA FA7HX!AR CEADCHAS U>O^T ` U>b^a `U>O^IUS a
CB!AD@C!A 8C :9 >;CBF>D9B D; 87< D59 >F7D;?9G7D59?79AJ97 8:;FD D59 8?;FCD ;K 6CK;G?8D6;C d;C D596G @G;BF>D7 8CB 79GJ6>97g D59E D56C;?@8CE 8CB =58D 75;FAB :9 D59 KG9[F9C>E ;K 9T?86A7 :96CI
79CD D; D59?H
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
47/51
*G # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG 3&HJ299@8C75F #G;G8
FB1#, 7BJ#
!*1'5SOIbU`OIbU`TZOSTbWO
8GGE6CI 8C 8J9G8I9 ;K WS
@8779CI9G7H
OZh ;K D59 @8779CI9G7 58J9 7;?9;C9 D; G9>96J9eBG;@ D59?HXZh =6AA G9[F6G9
D8L6-8CB VZh ;K D59? =6AA ;@D K;G G8B6; D8L6H
NS DG86C7 8GG6J9eA98J9 4F?:86 086A=8E 7D8D6;C 6C 8C 5;FG H%8>5 DG86C 587 8C
8J9G8I9 Q #" :;I697->8GGE6CI VZ @8779CI9G7 98>5H
&'$(G];F 58J9 NZ >G;G9 GF@997 D; 6CJ97D 6C 8 G8B6;TD8L6 :F76C977 6C 4F?:86H 1;FAB E;F B; 6Dj
Y/:10:4
+ N3/&K4? /- " K:c?0 "(;
N3/&K4? % .%TcC+1%??'-&':? /- '%OK
N3/&K46 \06 0N
1%??'-&':?^+](*]C+^
I;;;6
H;< 0N 4K'Q >/33 2?'
4%M/?c%-. G;< 0N 4K'Q>/33 2?' :%./0 4%M/
6YA':%&' ( 1':?0- 1':
4%M/6D%./0 4%M/?
:'d2/:'.^
6H]6G]I;;;e(^("G;
D%/3>%T ?4%4/0-
"+ 4:%/-? /- %- K02:c*
YU 70&/'?c G;
1%??'-&':? /- % 70&/'
6 \06 0N 1%??'-&':? %
.%T^"+]*]G;](*^
HG*;;
+;< 0N 4K'Q >/33
2?' 4%M/?c";< 0N
4K'Q >/33 2?' :%./0
taxis.Radio taxis
:'d2/:'.^HG*;;]6+
]6"^("G;
B/?O'33%-'02?
=K/? >/33 O0A': 04K':
2?'? 3/W' ?K011/-&c
:'O:'%4/0-%3 %-. 04K':
%O4/A/4/'? %-. >/33 7'
3'?? %? O0Q1%:'. 40 4K'
4>0 0TK':
2?'?6Y11:0M/Q%4'3T
";< 0N *)(;^*)(6
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
48/51
*C # $ % & '
SZh ;K D59 @8779CI9G7 =6AA D88A DG86C-;G 58J9 7;?9;C9 D; G9>96J9eBG;@
D59?HSZh @9;@A9 G9[F6G9 D8L6-8CB Zh ;K D59? =6AA ;@D K;G G8B6; D8L6H
M;G 467>9AA8C9;F7 F797-@9;@A9 G8G9AE F79 D8L67 8CB KFGD59G G8B6; D8L67 8G9 9J9C
G8G9H19 D8
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
49/51
*H # $ % & '
7@!ADE7AFADG L0+#4$(M6 D*/4. O J 08J6 /G8
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
50/51
*I # $ % & '
&'50/5'1#*4$G
$DFB9CD7_SZZZTXZZcQOZZ-HYSfQOZZcQZZZ
/G;K977;G7_PZZfOHScWSZ
$D8KK_NZZZfNcNZZZ a8AA >>_VfNNcVV
";?@FD9G "9CDG97cPZZiOZZiVVcSVV
/G6J8D9_QZZZiWSZiNZZZcSWSZ
/F:A6>_SVViNZZZcNSVV
.;D8A CF?:9G of PCs =5750+1566=7300
09@86G :6AAcWPZZfWSZc07 SS A8
-
7/25/2019 Casebook - IIT Kanpur
51/51
!XA A@R