Carrying Out a Successful Oral History Project如何开展一项成功的口述历史科研项目

Dr. Ruth OlsonAssociate Director （副主任）

Center for the Study of Upper Midwestern Cultures（中西部内陆文化研究中心）University of Wisconsin-Madison

United States（美国威斯康星大学）

American Oral History Programs• Ah-Tah-Thi-Ki Seminole Museum Oral History Program• American West Center, University of Utah• Baylor University Institute for Oral History• Brooklyn Historical Society Oral History Program• California State University Fullerton’s Center for Oral and Public History Program• California State University Long Beach• California State University Monterey Bay – Oral History and Community Memory Institute• Center for Documentary Studies at Duke University• Chemical Heritage Foundation Oral History Program• Claremont Graduate University Oral History Catalogue• Columbia University Oral History Research Office• Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project• Edmund S. Muskie Oral History Collection at Bates College, Lewiston, Maine• Florida Atlantic University: Race and Change• Forest History Society• Idaho Oral History Center• Indiana University Center for the Study of History and Memory• The Institute of Oral History, University of Texas at El Paso• Institute of Southern Jewish Life Oral History Program• Jewish Women’s Archive• Kentucky Oral History Commission• Louisiana State University Oral History• Maine Folklife Center• Minnesota Historical Society Oral History Collection• New Mexico Farm & Ranch Heritage Museum Oral History Program• Oklahoma Oral History Research Program (Oklahoma State University)• Smithsonian Institution Oral and Video History Collection• Sophia Smith Collection (Smith College) Oral Histories• St. Andrew’s Oral History Project• University of South Dakota• Southern Oral History Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill• Suffolk University Oral History Project, Boston, MA• The State Historical Society of Missouri• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum• University of Alaska Rasmuson Library Oral History Project• University of California at Berkeley Regional Oral History Office• UCLA Oral History Program• University of California Santa Cruz Regional History Project• University of Connecticut at Storrs–Center for Oral History• University of Florida Libraries Oral History Collection• University of Kentucky, Louie B. Nunn Center for Oral History• University of Southern Mississippi–Center for Oral History & Cultural Heritage• University of Nevada Oral History Program• University of New Mexico Archives Oral History Collection• University of North Texas Oral History Program• University of Wisconsin-Madison Oral History Program

Helpful Resources有用的资源Oral History in the Digital Age（数字时代的口述历史）http://ohda.matrix.msu.edu/ Oral History Association（口述历史协会）http://www.oralhistory.org/

Building a Successful Project组织一个成功的项目• Purposes and Objectives（作用和目标）• Funding（资金来源）• Institutional Relationships（院际关系）• Recording Equipment（记录设备）• Selecting Interviewers and Interviewees（遴选采访者与被采访者）• Legal and Ethical Concerns（法律与道德相关问题）

Lake Winnebago Sturgeon History Project斯特金历史计划

Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin, USA美国威斯康星州温纳贝戈湖

How to Interview如何采访• Do Research Before Interviewing（采访之前进行研究）• Include Contact Information in Documentation（文献资料中注明联系方式）• Gather Biographical Information（收集关于生平的信息）• Ask Open-Ended Questions（提问开放型问题）• Allow Narrators to Answer Questions Freely（允许叙述者自由回答问题）• Be Adaptable（要随和）

After the Interview采访以后• Label All Documentation—Recordings and Field

Notes（标注所有的文献资料——录音和笔记）• Keep an Archival Master and Make Copies for

Use（保留档案底片并制作副本）• Index and Transcribe Interviews as Soon as

Possible（尽快为采访资料编索引并进行转录）• Organize Materials to Make Them Publicly

Accessible in the Repository（组织材料，使其通过博物馆公之于众）

Interaction, Representation and Interpretation互动、表现与解读

• Oral History Involves a Dialogue Between Interviewer and Narrator（口述历史包括采访者与叙述者之间的对话）

• Preparation and Questions Can Affect the Information Gathered（准备工作与询问问题会影响收集到的信息）

• Keep a Critical Approach to Oral Testimony and Interpretation（以批判态度对待口头证明与解读）

• Oral Accounts Enliven History and Help Audiences Connect to the Past（口头描述赋予历史生机，帮助建立听众与历史之间的联系）

The Armistice Day Blizzard停战纪念日的暴风雪

Harold Hettrick, Duck Hunter哈罗德 ·海提克，猎鸭人

Center for the Study of Upper Midwestern Cultures中西部内陆文化研究中心

http://csumc.wisc.edu/Ruth Olson

reolson3@wisc.edu