C 入门经典%28第四版%29 Word版本 -...

5

C#

C# C C#

C# windowWeb

C# C# C#

(:www.codepub.com

1.1 C#

Microsoft.NET(.NET)WebC#

.NETC# C++

C++

VBC# C++ JAVA

C++ JAVA C#

C# C# C#(MicroSoft

Intermediate Language,MSIL) exe dll CPU

(Common Language Runtime

CLR)(JUST IN TimeJIT) CPU

CPUCLRC#C#CLR JAVA

l (Common Language SpecificationCLS).NETC#

C++VBJ#

CLR

CLR

l CLR

C C++

CLR

l

CLR

l C#

6

CLR

l

.NET

bin

bin

l C++

C# C#

C#

1.2

1.2.1 SDK

:

using System;////C#

class Welcome//

{ /*C

*/

static void Main()//

{ Console.WriteLine("");//

Console.ReadLine();//

Console.WriteLine("");

}

}

welcome.csC#csCC#

CC++

#includeC#using

using SystemSystemC#usingC++#include

class Welcome

{ static void Main()

{ System.Console.WriteLine("");

System.Console.ReadLine();

System.Console.WriteLine("");

7

}

}

ConsoleSystem.ConsoleSystem

C#CC++::->C#

.System.Net

class WelcomeWelcomeC#

Main()CC++C#

Main()Main()

C#Main()Main

Main()staticstatic void Main()Welcome

ConsoleConsoleSystem

ConsoleWriteLineReadLineReadLine

WriteLine

Visual Studio.Net

Microsoft.Net

Framework SDKC#Microsoft.Net Framework SDKC#

csc.exewelcome.cs

welcome.csd:\Charp

d:cd Charp

C:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.0.3705\csc welcome.cs

welcome.cs

Welcome.exe

Welcome.exe

C#

CC++

C#.obj

.exe.dllC#

1.2.1 Visual Studio.Net

(1) Visual Studio.Net 1.2.2A

(2) 1.2.2B(P) Visual C#

(T)(N) e1(L)

D:\csarp D:\csarp

1.2.2C

(3) class1.cs

using System;

namespace e1

{

8

///

/// Class1

///

class Class1

{

///

///

///

[STAThread]

static void Main(string[] args)

{

//

// TODO:

//


Console.ReadLine();


}

}

}

(4) CTRL+F5 1.2.1

9

1.2.2A

1.2.2B

10

1.2.2C(:www.codepub.com

1.3

C#

1.3.1

C

Person

using System;

class Person//classPerson

{ private string name="";//

private int age=12;//private

public void Display()//()

{ Console.WriteLine(":{0},{1}",name,age);

}

public void SetName(string PersonName)//()

11

{ name=PersonName;

}

public void SetAge(int PersonAge)

{ age=PersonAge;

}

}

Console.WriteLine(":{0},{1}",name,age)

name{0} age{1}

Person intchar

Person

class {}

class newpublic

protectedinternalprivateabstract sealed

1.3.2

private()public()

name age

SetName() SetAge()

1.3.3

Person Person C#

Person OnePerson=new Person()

Person Person OnePerson Person

Person OnePersonOnePerson=new Person()OnePerson Person

C

()Person CC++

C#

OnePerson.OnePerson.

OnePerson.Display(),C# C++

->

12

1.3.4

new

Person

public Person(string Name,int Age)//

{ name=Name;

age=Age;

}

Person OnePerson=new Person(20) Person

~Person~ Person()C#

1.3.5

C#

Person

public Person()//

{ name="";

age=12;

}

Person OnePerson=new Person("",30)

Person OnePerson=new Person()

1.3.6 Person

Person(VisualStudio.Net)

using System;

namespace e1//

{ class Person

{ private String name="";//

private int age=12;

public void Display()//()


}

13

public void SetName(string PersonName)//()

{ name=PersonName;

}

public void SetAge(int PersonAge)//()

{ age=PersonAge;

}

public Person(string Name,int Age)//,,

{ name=Name;

age=Age;

}

public Person()//

{ name="";

age=12;

}

}

class Class1

{ static void Main(string[] args)

{ Person OnePerson=new Person("",30);//

OnePerson.Display();

//(Class1)Person

//OnePerson.name="";

//PersonSetNamePersonname

OnePerson.SetName("");

OnePerson.SetAge(40);


OnePerson=new Person();


}

}

}

CTRL+F5

: ,30

: ,40

: ,12

1.4 C#

C#

1.4.1

C#(

14

)(Stack)()

(Managed Heap)

(Stack)

using System;

class MyClass//

{ public int a=0;

}

class Test


{ f1();

}

static public void f1()

{ int v1=1;// v1 1(Stack)

int v2=v1;// v1( 1) v2v2=1,v1

v2=2;//v2=2,v1

MyClass r1=new MyClass();//r1MyClass

MyClass r2=r1;//r1r2MyClass

r2.a=2;//r1.a=2

}

}

v1v1

f1 f1v1 C

C++.NET

CLR

r1 r2 MyClass

f1r1r2MyClass

CLR

1.4.2

C#

l (Simple types)

(bool)

(char)(decimal)

l (Struct types)

l (Enumeration types)

C#

15

1.4.3

protected virtual abstract

point

using System;

struct point//

{ public int x,y;//

}

class Test


{ point P1;

P1.x=166;

P1.y=111;

point P2;

P2=P1;//P2.x=166,P2.y=111

point P3=new point();//newP3P3

}//newP3x=y==0

}

1.4.4

int i=int.MaxValue;string s=i.ToString()C#

string s=13.ToString()

System

sbyte System.Sbyte 1 -128~127

byte System.Byte 1 0~255

short System.Int16 2 -32768~32767

ushort System.UInt16 2 0~65535

int System.Int32 4 -2147483648~2147483647

uint System.UInt32 4 0~4292967295

long System.Int64 8 -9223372036854775808~9223372036854775808

ulong System.UInt64 8 0~18446744073709551615

char System.Char 2 0~65535

float System.Single 4 3.4E-38~3.4E+38

double System.Double 8 1.7E-308~1.7E+308

bool System.Boolean (true,false)

16

decimal System.Decimal 16 1.01028 7.91028

C#CC++

l CC#

l Unicode Unicode 16

l (char)char c1=10

char c1=(char)10char c='A'char c='\x0032';char c='\u0032'

l false,true0falsetruebool x=1

x=true x=false

l (decimal)

1.4.5

C#CC++

using System;

class Class1

{ enum Days {Sat=1, Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri};

//Visual Studio.Net,enum[STAThread]


{ Days day=Days.Tue;

int x=(int)Days.Tue;//x=2

Console.WriteLine("day={0},x={1}",day,x);//:day=Tue,x=4

}

}

DaysintSun=0Mon=1Tue=2

enum Days{Sat=1,Sun,Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat};

Sun=1Mon=2Tue=3Wed=4 CC++C#

bytesbyteshortushortintuintlongulongchar

enum Days:byte{Sun,Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat};//

1.4.6

sbytebyte

shortushortintuintlongulong0char(char)0float

0.0fdouble0.0ddecimal0.0mboolfalse0

null

int i=0

new

int j=new int() new int

j new

17

1.4.7

C#

l C#(object)

l

l

C#C#

new

(object)

1.4.8 (object)

C#()object(object)

object

C#(

)object

int x =25;

object obj1;

obj1=x;

object obj2= 'A';

objectSystemSystem.Object

1.4.9

C#System.Array

int[] arr=new int[5];arr

()

C#

using System;

class Test


{ int[] arr=new int[3];//new3

for(int i=0;i

18

Cint arr[]

arr[0] = 0

arr[1] = 1

arr[2] = 4

string[] a1;//stringa1

string[,] a2;//stringa2

a2=new string[2,3];

a2[1,2]="abc";

string[,,] a3;//stringa3

string[][] j2;//

string[][][][] j3;

int[] a1=new int[]{1,2,3};//3

int[] a2=new int[3]{1,2,3};//

int[] a3={1,2,3};//int[] a3=new int[]{1,2,3};

int[,] a4=new int[,]{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}};//a4[1,1]=5

int[][] j2=new int[3][];//j2,

j2[0]=new int[]{1,2,3};//

j2[1]=new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};//

j2[2]=new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};

1.4.10 (string)

C# string

SystemSystem.Stringstring

string

l

string s;//s

s="Zhang";//s"Zhang"

string FirstName="Ming";

string LastName="Zhang";

string Name=FirstName+" "+LastName;//+

string SameName=Name;

char[] s2={'','','','',''};

string s3=new String(s2);

l

string s="ABC";

int i=s.IndexOf("");

""0"A"0""3

i=3i=-1C#ASCII2

l

string s1="abc";

string s2="abc";

19

int n=string.Compare(s1,s2);//n=0

n=0ns1s2

string s1="abc";

string s="abc";

string s2="";

if(s==s1)//!=String

s2="";

l

string s="";

string s1="";

if(s.Length==0)

s1="";

l

string s="";

string sb=s.Substring(2,2);//22Sb="",s

char sb1=s[0];//sb1=''

Console.WriteLine(sb1);//

l

string s="";

string sb=s.Remove(0,2);//02Sb="",s

l

string s="";

string s1=s.Insert(3,"");//s1=""s

l

string s="";

string s1=s.Replace("","");//s1=""s

l String

string S="";

char[] s2=S.ToCharArray(0,S.Length);//Length

l

int i=9;

string s8=i.ToString();//s8="9"

float n=1.9f;

string s9=n.ToString();//s8="1.9"

l

string s="AaBbCc";

string s1=s.ToLower();//s

string s2=s.ToUpper();//s

l

string s="A bc ";

s.Trim();//

string,Visual Studio.Net

20

stringstringF1

1.4.11

C#C#

C#

(boxing)(unboxing)

int

long

int i=10;

long l=i;

long l=5000;

int i=(int)l;//int

(boxing)(unboxing)

(boxing)(unboxing)C#

object()object()

object

1

object

object

int i=10;

object obj=i;//objobject

int i =10;

object obj=object(i);//

object

using System

class Test

{ public static void Main()

{ int n=200;

object o=n;

o=201;//n

Console.WriteLine("{0},{1}",n,o);

}

}

200201nobjecto

2.

21

object

int i=10;

object obj=i;

int j=(int)obj;//

3.

void Display(Object o)//oObject

{ int x=(int)o;//

System.Console.WriteLine("{0},{1}",x,o);

}

int y=20;Display(y);Object o=y

Object

1.5

C#C

1.5.1

CC#

l -X++XX--

l x+y

l x? y:z

C#

(x) x.y f(x) a[x] x++ x-- new type of sizeof checked unchecked

+ - ! ~ ++x x (T)x

* / %

+ -

>

< > = is as

== !=

&

|

&&

||

22

?:

= *= /= %= += -= = &= = |=

1.5.2 is

ise is Te

TeT

using System;

class Test


{ Console.WriteLine(1 is int);

Console.WriteLine(1 is float);

Console.WriteLine(1.0f is float);

Console.WriteLine(1.0d is double);

}

}

True

False

True

True

1.5.3 typeof

typeofsystem

using System;

class Test


{ Console.WriteLine(typeof(int));

Console.WriteLine(typeof(System.Int32));

Console.WriteLine(typeof(string));

Console.WriteLine(typeof(double[]));

}

}

intSystem.int32

System.Int32

System.Int32

System.String

System.Double[]

23

1.5.4 checked unchecked

(+-*/)

checkedunchecked

checked

unchecked

unchecked

checkedunchecked

using System;

class Class1


{ const int x=int.MaxValue;

unchecked//

{ int z=x*2;//z=-2

Console.WriteLine("z={0}",z);//-2

}

checked//

{ int z1=(x*2);//

Console.WriteLine("z={0}",z1);

}

}

}

1.5.5 new

new

int x=new int();//newx

Person C1=new Person ();//newPersonPerson C1

int[] arr=new int[2];//arr

int x=new int()intx

0x

1.5.6

x+y*zx+(y*z)*+

1.5.1

x+y-z

x+y-z(x+y)-z

x=y=zx=(y=z)

24

1.6

C#CC#ifswith

whiledowhileforforeachbreakcontinuegoto

returnforeachC#

CC#

1.6.1 C

l Cifwhiledowhilefor

0falsetrue

l switchCC++switchcasebreak,

C#,casebreakgoto

casecaseswitch,

sbytebyteshortushortuintlongulongchar

stringcase

caseswitch

switchcase

casecasedafault

dafaultswitchswitch

dafaultdafault

using System;

class class1


{ System.Console.WriteLine("");

string s=System.Console.ReadLine();

string s1="";

switch(s)

{ case "1": case "3": case "5":

case "7": case "8": case "10":

case "12"://

s1="31";break;

case "2":

s1="28";break;

case "4": case "6": case "9":

goto case "11";//goto

case "11":

s1="30";break;

default:

s1="";break;

25

}

System.Console.WriteLine(s1);

}

}

1.6.2 foreach

foreachC#CC++Visual Basic

foreach

foreach( in )

using System;

class Test()


{ int[] list={10,20,30,40};//

foreach(int m in list)

Console.WriteLine("{0}",m);

}

}

foreach0

breakcontinue

foreach

1.6.3

C#

C#trycatchfinallytry

catch

catchcatch

System.Exception

catchcatch

catch

catchcatch

finallyfinally

trycatch

catch

catchcatch

26

catchcatch

finally

l try catchcatch

l try -finally

l try -catch-finallycatch

1 trycatch-finally

using System

using System.IO//

public class Example


{ StreamReader sr=null;//null,

try

{ sr=File.OpenText("d:\\csarp\\test.txt");//

string s;

while(sr.Peek()!=-1)

{ s=sr.ReadLine();//

Console.WriteLine(s);

}

}

catch(DirectoryNotFoundException e)//

{ Console.WriteLine(e.Message);

}

catch(FileNotFoundException e)//

{ Console.WriteLine(""+e.FileName+"");

}

catch(Exception e)//

{ Console.WriteLine("{0}",e.Message);

}

finally

{ if(sr!=null)

sr.Close();

}

}

}

2 try -finally

catchfinally

3 try -catch

try-catchcatch

27

1.7

1.3Person

EmployeePerson

PersonEmployeeEmployeePerson

PersonEmployee

EmployeePersonC#C#

1.7.1

class : {}

Employee

class Employee:Person//Person

{ private string department;//

private decimal salary;//

public Employee(string Name,int Age,string D,decimal S):base(Name,Age)

{//base

department=D;

salary=S;

}

public new void Display()//Display(),new,override

{ base.Display();//base

Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}",department,salary);

}

}

class Class1


{ Employee OneEmployee=new Employee("",30,"",2000);

OneEmployee.Display();

}

}

EmployeePersonSetName()SetAge()nameage

PersonEmployee

departmentsalaryDisplay()Employee

PersonnameageEmployee

nameageSetName()SetAge()

Employeenameageprotected

28

1.7.2 base

base

l

base

Employeebase

l Employee

Display()base

1.7.3

Display()

new

base.Display()

1.7.4 C#

C#

l C#

l C#CBBACB

A

l

l

l

base.

l

EmployeePerson

C#

1.8

C#CC++

:

1.8.1

29

l forswitch

l

l

l getSet

l

l

l

l

1.8.2

C# privateprotectedpublic

internal4Private

protected

public

internal

(Application)(Library)

1.9

1.9.1

static

. static

. const

readonly

public class Test

{ public const int intMax=int.MaxValue;//

public int x=0;//

public readonly int y=0;//

30

public static int cnt=0;//

public Test(int x1,int y1)//

{ //intMax=0;//

x=x1;//

y=y1;//

cnt++;//

}

public void Modify(int x1,int y1)

{ //intMax=0;//

x=x1;

cnt=y1;

//y=10;//

}

}

class Class1


{ Test T1=new Test(100,200);

T1.x=40;//.

Test.cnt=0;//.

int z=T1.y;//

z=Test.intMax;//

}

}

1.9.2

C#

C#

getset

Personnameage

SetNameSetAge

using System;

public class Person

{ private string P_name="";//P_name

private int P_age=12;//P_age

public void Display()//

{ Console.WriteLine(":{0},{1}",P_name,P_age);

}

public string Name//Name

{ get

{ return P_name;}

31

set

{ P_name=value;}

}

public int Age//Age

{ get

{ return P_age;}

set

{ P_age=value;}

}

}

public class Test


{ Person OnePerson= new Person();

OnePerson.Name="";//value=""setP_Name

string s=OnePerson.Name;//getP_Name

OnePerson.Age=20;//

int x=OnePerson.Age;//


}

}

set

getsetget

1.10

1.10.1

:

(){}

newpublicprotectedinternalprivatestaticvirtualsealedoverride

abstractextern

C#void( 1,

2,...),C

1.10.2

C#()

32

l

l ref

l out

l params

1

2

C

C#

ref

3

()

()

using System;

class g{public int a=0;}//

class Class1

{ public static void F1(ref char i)//

{ i='b';}

public static void F2(char i)//

{ i='d';}

public static void F3(out char i)//

{ i='e';}

public static void F4(string s)//

{ s="xyz";}

public static void F5(g gg)//

{ gg.a=20;}

public static void F6(ref string s)//

{ s="xyz";}


{ char a='c';

string s1="abc";

F2(a);//a

Console.WriteLine(a);//ac

F1(ref a);//,a

Console.WriteLine(a);//abb

Char j;

F3(out j);//j

Console.WriteLine(j);//e

33

F4(s1);//s1

Console.WriteLine(s1);//abc,s1

g g1=new g();

F5(g1);//

Console.WriteLine(g1.a.ToString());//:20

F6(ref s1);//s1

Console.WriteLine(s1);//xyzs1

}

}

4

params

string[]string[][]

refout

using System;

class Class1

{ static void F(params int[] args)//params

{ Console.Write("Array contains {0} elements:",args.Length);

foreach (int i in args)

Console.Write(" {0}",i);

Console.WriteLine();

}


{ int[] a = {1,2,3};

F(a);//a

F(10, 20, 30, 40);//F(new int[] {60,70,80,90});

F(new int[] {60,70,80,90});//

F();//F(new int[] {});

F(new int[] {});//

}

}

Array contains 3 elements: 1 2 3

Array contains 4 elements: 10 20 30 40

Array contains 4 elements: 60,70,80,90

Array contains 0 elements:

Array contains 0 elements:

params

using System;

class Class1

{ static void F(int[,] args)//params

{ Console.Write("Array contains {0} elements:",args.Length);

foreach (int i in args)

Console.Write(" {0}",i);

Console.WriteLine();

34

}


{ int[,] a = {{1,2,3},{4,5,6}};

F(a);//a

//F(10, 20, 30, 40);//

F(new int[,] {{60,70},{80,90}});//

//F();//

//F(new int[,] {});//

}

}

Array contains 3 elements: 1 2 3 4 5 6

Array contains 4 elements: 60,70,80,90

1.10.3

static static

.

.

this

.

using System;

public class UseMethod

{ private static int x=0;//

private int y=1;//

public static void StaticMethod()//

{ x=10;//

//y=20;//

}

public void NoStaticMethod()//

{ x=10;//

y=20;//

}

}

public class Class1


{ UseMethod m=new UseMethod();

UseMethod.StaticMethod();//.

m.NoStaticMethod();//.

}

}

35

1.10.4

C#

Person

C

abc()labs()

fabs() C#

using System;

public class UseAbs

{ public int abs(int x)//

{ return(x=

36

class Complex//

{ private double Real;//

private double Imag;//

public Complex(double x,double y)//

{ Real=x;

Imag=y;

}

static public Complex operator - (Complex a)//,1

{ return (new Complex(-a.Real,-a.Imag));}

static public Complex operator +(Complex a,Complex b)//

{ return (new Complex(a.Real+b.Real,a.Imag+b.Imag));}

public void Display()

{ Console.WriteLine("{0}+({1})j",Real,Imag);}

}

class Class1


{ Complex x=new Complex(1.0,2.0);

Complex y=new Complex(3.0,4.0);

Complex z=new Complex(5.0,7.0);

x.Display();//:1+(2)j

y.Display();//:3+(4)j

z.Display();//:5+(7)j

z=-x;//z=opeator-(x)

z.Display();//-1+(-2)j

z=x+y;//z=opeator+(x,y)

z.Display();//4+(6)j

}

}

1.10.6 this

Person

Person P1=new Person("",30);

Person P2=new Person("",40);

P1.Display()P2.Display()

Display()C#

this Display() Display()this

() this

this

P1.Display()this P1

P2.Display()this P2

37

1.11

C#,

C#C++

C#

virtualC#C++

using System;

class A

{ public void F()//

{ Console.Write(" A.F");}

public virtual void G()//

{ Console.Write(" A.G");}

}

class B:A//AB

{ new public void F()//F()new

{ Console.Write(" B.F");}

public override void G()//G()override

{ Console.Write(" B.G");}

}

class Test

{ static void F2(A aA)//A

{ aA.G();}

static void Main()

{ B b=new B();

A a1=new A();

A a2=b;//a2Bb

a1.F();//AF(),A.F

a2.F();//F()AF(),A.F

b.F();//F()BF(),B.F

a1.G();//G()a1AAG()A.G

a2.G();//G()a2BBG()B.G

F2(b);//B,A aA=bBG(),B.G

F2(a1);//A,AG(),A.G

}

}

A.F A.F B.F A.G B.G B.G A.G

F()G()a2

bG()a2.G()BG()G.F

38

F()a2.F()AF()A.F

F2(A aA)AF2(b)A aA=b

aAbaA.G()BG(),B.GF2(a1)

A,AG(),A.G

PersonDisplay()

EmployeeDisplay()

using System;

public class Person

{ private String name="";//

private int age=12;

protected virtual void Display()//


}

public Person(string Name,int Age)//,,

{ name=Name;

age=Age;

}

static public void DisplayData(Person aPerson)//

{ aPerson.Display();//Display()

}

}

public class Employee:Person//Person

{ private string department;

private decimal salary;

public Employee(string Name,int Age,string D,decimal S):base(Name,Age)

{ department=D;

salary=S;

}

protected override void Display()//override

{ base.Display();//

Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} ", department,salary);

}

}

class Class1


{ Person OnePerson=new Person("",30);

Person.DisplayData(OnePerson);//

Employee OneEmployee=new Employee("",40,"",2000);

Person.DisplayData(OneEmployee); //

39

}

}

: ,30

: ,40

2000

1.12

abstract

l

l abstract

l

l

abstract class Figure//

{ protected double x=0,y=0;

public Figure(double a,double b)

{ x=a;

y=b;

}

public abstract void Area();//

}

class Square:Figure///Square

{ public Square(double a,double b):base(a,b)

{}

public override void Area()//newoverride

{ Console.WriteLine("{0}",x*y);}

}

class Circle:Figure///Square

{ public Circle(double a):base(a,a)

{}

public override void Area()

{ Console.WriteLine("{0}",3.14*x*y);}

}

class Class1


{ Square s=new Square(20,30);

Circle c=new Circle(10);

s.Area();

c.Area();

40

}

}

600

314

FigureArea()SquareCircle

FigureArea()

Person

C++C++

C#

1.13

C#

(sealed class),

sealed

C#

C#(sealed method)sealed

1.14

C#

1.14.1

interface {}

interface

newpublicprotectedinternalprivate

public interface IExample

{//

string this[int index] {get;set;}//

event EventHandler E;//

void F(int value);//

41

string P { get; set;}//

}

l

l public

1.14.2

using System;

interface IControl

{ void Paint();

}

interface ITextBox:IControl//IcontrolPaint()

{ void SetText(string text);

}

interface IListBox:IControl//IcontrolPaint()

{ void SetItems(string[] items);

}

interface IComboBox:ITextBox,IListBox

{//

}

ITextBoxIListBoxIControl

IControlPaintIComboBoxITextBoxIListBox

ITextBoxSetTextIListBoxSetItemsIControlPaint

1.14.3

PersonPerson

Person

C#

using System;

public interface I_Salary//

{ decimal Salary//

42

{ get;

set;

}

}

public class Person

{//1.9.2Person

}

public class Employee:Person,I_Salary//Person,I_Salary

{//

private decimal salary;

public new void Display()

{ base.Display();

Console.WriteLine("{0} ",salary);

}

//Salary

public decimal Salary

{ get

{ return salary;}

set

{ salary=value;}

}

}

public class Test


{ Employee S=new Employee();

S.Name="";//Name

S.Age=20;//Age

S.Salary=2000;//Salary

S.Display();

}

}

1.15

C#----(delegate)

CC#

delegate ();

newpublicprotectedinternalprivate

intMyDelegate

public delegate int MyDelegate();//int

MyDelegateMyDelegate

43

int

using System;

delegate int MyDelegate();//

public class MyClass

{ public int InstanceMethod()//int

{ Console.WriteLine("");

return 0;

}

static public int StaticMethod()//int

{ Console.WriteLine("");

return 0;

}

}

public class Test

{ static public void Main ()

{ MyClass p = new MyClass();

//newMyDelegatedInstanceMethod

MyDelegate d=new MyDelegate(p.InstanceMethod);//

d();//

//newMyDelegatedStaticMethod

d=new MyDelegate(MyClass.StaticMethod);//

d();//

}

}

1.16

C#

1.16.1

WindowsC#

Windows

C#Windows

Click

44

1.16.2

C#

ButtonC#

ButtonButton

public delegate void EventHandler(object sender,EventArgs e);//

//EventHandler(object sender,EventArgs e)

public class Button:Control//Button

{//Button

public event EventHandler Click;//Click

protected void OnClick(EventArgs e)//ClickOnClick

{ if(Click!=null)//Click

Click(this,e);

}

public void Reset()

{ Click=null;}

}

Click()OnClickClick

ButtonEventHandlerClick

ClickClick

1.16.3

Button

OKCancel

public class LoginDialog: Form//

{ Button OkButton;

Button CancelButton;

public LoginDialog()//

{ OkButton=new Button();//OkButton

//ClickOkButtonClick+=

OkButton.Click+=new EventHandler(OkButtonClick);

CancelButton=new Button();//OkButton

CancelButton.Click += new EventHandler(CancelButtonClick);

}

void OkButtonClick(object sender, EventArgs e)

{//OkButton.Click

}

void CancelButtonClick(object sender, EventArgs e)

{//CancelButton.Click

45

}

}

ButtonClick

OkButton.Click+=new EventHandler(OkButtonClick)

OkButton.ClickOkButtonClickClick

OkButtonClickOkButtonClick

OkButton.Click-=new EventHandler(OkButtonClick)OkButton.Click

ClickOkButtonClick

Visual Studio.Net

1.17

C#int[] arr=new int[5]

arr()

arr[]

(indexer)

using System

class Team

{ string[] s_name = new string[2];//

public string this[int nIndex]//thisTeam

{ get//[]get

{ return s_name[nIndex];

}

set//[]set

{ s_name[nIndex] =value;//value

}

}

}

class Test


{ Team t1 = new Team();

t1[0]="";

t1[1]="";

Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}",t1[0], t1[1]);

}

}

46

1.18

C#

Cinclude

1.18.1

namespaceusing

using

public

using System;

namespace N1//N1using

{ namespace N2//N1N2

{ class A//N2

{ void f1(){};}

class B

{ void f2(){};}

}

}

:

namespace N1.N2//ABN1.N2

{ class A

{ void f1(){};}

class B

{ void f2(){};}

}

namespace N1.N2//AN1.N2

{ class A

{ void f1(){};}

}

namespace N1.N2//BN1.N2

{ class B

{ void f2(){};}

}

47

1.18.2

using

f1()f2(),

using N1.N2;

class WelcomeApp

{ A a=new A();

a.f1();

}

using N1.N2A1.2.1

1.19

CC++

intfloat

Windows

C#

WindowsAPIC#

(unsafe)

unsafe void F1(int * p){}unsafe int* p2=p1;

unsafe{ int* p2=p1;int* p3=p4;}

csc C# /unsafe

1. (string

string s=Console.ReadLine())

2.

3.

4.

5.

6. C

7.

8.

9.

10. 53

48

11. 13

switch

12. C#forfor(int i;i

49

Windows

2.1

Windows

/

C#

2.2 Windows

2.2.1

Windows dos(),

dosCPU

dosCPU

Windows

CPU

WindowsWindows

()

Windows

Windows

2.2.2

WindowsWindows

Windows

()

2.2.3

Windows

50

Windows()

2.3 Windows

2.3.1 Windows(API)

API(Application Programming Interface)Windows982000XP

CWindows

C APIWindows

API

2.3.2 MFC

APIC

APIWindowsVC++6.0API

MFCMFCWindowsMFC

VC++

2.3.3

Windows()

Windows

VB6.0VB.NetC#C++BuilderJavaDelphi

(RAD)

2.3.4 .NET

.NET Windows Web Web .Net(.Net

FrameWork)(Base Class Library)

Windows

Web

51

.Net.NetVC++.Net

VB.NetC#

()I/O

XMLWebWebWindows

Windows982000 XP.NET C#

.Net FrameWork

2.4 Windows

Windows Main()

Main()Windows

(Form)Windows

2.4.1 Windows

Windows

using System;//

using System.Windows.Forms;

public class Form1:Form//

{ static void Main()//

{ Application.Run(new Form1());

}

}

Form1FormForm.NetForm

Windows

FormForm

System.ApplicationRun

Form1Run

RunWindows

d:\Charpe1.cs

d:cd Charp

C:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.0.3705\csc /t:winexe

/r:system.dll,System.Windows.Forms.dll e1.cs

/t:winexe Windows /r

g.bat

g.bat

FrameWork SDK 2000 e1.cs

e1.exe

e1.exeCRT

Form1

Form1

Form1

Form1 Form1 Form1

52

Form1

(Button)

using System;


public class Form1:Form

{ Button button1;//Button

public Form1()//

{//() Form1()

Text="";//this.Text="";

button1=new Button();//Button

button1.Location=new Point(25,25);//button1location

button1.Text="";//button1Text

//button1_Click

button1.Click+=new System.EventHandler(button1_Click);

this.Controls.Add(button1);//

}

static void Main()

{ Application.Run(new Form1());

}

private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{//

this.button1.Text="";//

}

}

button1 Form1

new Button

button1 button1

2.4.2 Visual Studio.Net Windows

Visual Studio.Net

Visual Studio.NetWindows

(1) Visual Studio.Net 1.2.2A

(2) 1.2.2B(P) Visual C#

(T) Windows (N) e2(L)

D:\csarp

2.4.2A(Form1)

53

2.4.2A

(3) e28Form1.csForm1

(C) Form1.csVisual Studio.Net

Foem1.cs Visual Studio.NetWindows

using System;//

using System.Drawing;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;


using System.Data;

namespace e2/////

{ //

///

/// Form1

///

public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form//Forme1

{ //

///

///

///

private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

public Form1()//

{

//

// Windows

//

54

InitializeComponent();//

//

// TODO: InitializeComponent

//InitializeComponent()

}

///

///

///

protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

{

if( disposing )

{

if (components != null)

{

components.Dispose();

}

}

base.Dispose( disposing );

}

#region Windows Form Designer generated code

///

/// -

///

///

private void InitializeComponent()

{ //

//

// Form1

//

this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);

this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 273);

this.Name = "Form1";//this Form1

this.Text = "Form1";

}

#endregion

///

///

///

[STAThread]

static void Main()//

{

Application.Run(new Form1());//

}//

}

55

}

(4) 2.4.2A

Forms.cs[] Forms.cs[]

/( 2.4.2B

) Windows Button,

Forms.cs[]Form1Button

ButtonForm1(

2.4.2B)

Button Text 4(

2.4.2B)Button

Click

2.4.2B

Foem1.cs

using System;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;


using System.Data;

namespace e2

{

///

/// Form1

///

public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form

{

private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;//Button

///

///

///

private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

56

public Form1()

{

//

// Windows

//

InitializeComponent();

//

// TODO: InitializeComponent

//

}

///

///

///

protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

{

if( disposing )

{

if (components != null)

{

components.Dispose();

}

}

base.Dispose( disposing );

}

#region Windows Form Designer generated code

///

/// -

///

///

private void InitializeComponent()

{

this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();//

this.SuspendLayout();

//

// button1

//

this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(96, 56);//

this.button1.Name = "button1";

this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(72, 32);

this.button1.TabIndex = 0;

this.button1.Text = "";

this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);//

//

// Form1

57

//

this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);

this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 273);

this.Controls.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.Control[] {this.button1});

this.Name = "Form1";

this.Text = "Form1";

}

#endregion

///

///

///

[STAThread]

static void Main()

{

Application.Run(new Form1());

}


{//

}

}

}

ButtonButtonbutton1Form1

Form1

button1Form1

newButton

button1button1button1_Click()

this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click)

Button1Clickbutton1_Click()

button1_Click()

2.4.1

2.4.3 (Solution)(Project)

(Application)

Visual Studio.Net

( 2.4.3)

e2

58

e28

l bin debug C#

l obj

l AssemblyInfo.cs

DLL

l Form1.cs

l Form1.resx

l e2.suo

l e2.csproj

l e2.sln

Visual Studio.Net

e2 e2

/

Visual

Studio.Net

( csproj)/

2.4.3

(1)Windowsdos

(2)

(3)Windows.NETAPI

(4)C#

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

59

Visual Studio.Net( VS.NET)() Windows VS.NET

3.1

LabelButtonTextBox ControlControl

l Name Button

Button button1=new Button() Name button1

l Locationx

y x yx

y Location

button1.Location=new Point(100,200) button1

l Left Top Location X Y Left Top

button1.Left=100 button1

l SizeWidth Height

button1.Size.Width=100 Button button1

l BackColor

l Enabled true false

l Visible true false

l Modifier privatepublicprotected private

l Cursor Default

3.2 Form

Form.Net(WinForm)System.Windows.Forms

FormWindows

FormForm

1. Form

l AutoScroll

l FormBorderStyle3D

l Text

l AcceptButton

l CanceButton ESC

60

l MaxiMizeBox false

l MiniMizeBox false

MaxiMizeBoxMiniMizeBox false

false

2. Form

l Close()

l Hide() Show()

l Show()

3. Form

l Load

3.3 (Label)

1. Label

l Text

l AutoSize false

l ForeColorLabel

l Font

2. e3_3

Visual Studio.Net

C# Windows

(1)(Form1) 2.4.2A( 2.4.2B

) Form1 Text

(2)( 2.4.2B)Windows Label,Form1

LabelLabel

Label

(3) Label textLabel1

FontFont

Label

Font+ Font-

Font ForeColor Label

(4)

(5)

/

(6) VS.NET/ sln

61

3.4 (Button)

1. Button

l Text

l Click

2. e3_4

2

(1) ButtonText

(2)( 2.4.2B

)

Click(Click)


{ label1.ForeColor=Color.Red;//

}// label1(label Name)

(3)(Click)


{ label1.ForeColor=Color.Black;}

(4)(Click)


{ Close();}

Close()(Form)

label1.ForeColor=Color.Red;

(5)

3.5

(object sender)

Namesenderbutton1

private void button1_Click(object sender,System.EventArgs e)

{ if(sender==button1)

label1.ForeColor=Color.Red;

else

label1.ForeColor=Color.Black;

62

}

(System.EventArgs e)

e.X

e.Yx ye.Button

MouseButtons.Left

button1_Click

(2.4.2B)Click

button1_Click

3.6 (TextBox)

TextBox

1. TextBox

l Text

l MaxLength

l ReadOnly true

l PasswordChar

l MultiLine true false

l ScrollBarsMultiLine=true 4=0=1

=2=3

l SelLength

l SelStart

l SelText

l AcceptsReturnMultiLine=true true

false

l TextChanged

2. e3_6

(1) LabelText

*,=

(2)textBoxName

textBox1textBox2textBox3Text

(3)ButtonText

(4):


{ float ss,ee;

ss=Convert.ToSingle(textBox1.Text);

ee=Convert.ToSingle(textBox2.Text);

textBox3.Text=Convert.ToString(ss*ee);

}

(5):

63


{ textBox1.Text="";

textBox2.Text="";

textBox3.Text="";

}

(6):


{ Close();}

(7) textBox1textBox223

textBox36

3.7 Convert

Convert

Convert.ToSingle(textBox1.Text) textBox1.Text

Convert.ToString(3.14) 3.14ToInt

ToInt16

3.8 (RadioButton) GroupBox

RadioButton RadioButton

RadioButtonGroupBox

Text

RadioButtonGroupBox RadioButton

RadioButton GroupBox

1. GroupBox

GroupBox Text GroupBox

2. RadioButton

l Text

l Checked true false

l CheckedChanged

l Click

3. e3_8

RadioButtonLabel

(1)

(2) Label,Text=

(3) GroupBox,Text=

(4) RadioButtonGroupBox,Text

RadioButton

Checked=true

(5) RadioButton CheckedChanged

64

private void radioButton1_CheckedChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(radioButton1.Checked)

label1.Font=new Font("",label1.Font.Size);

}//label1



label1.Font=new Font("",label1.Font.Size);

}



label1.Font=new Font("_GB2312",label1.Font.Size);

}

(6) RadioGroup1RadioButton

Click

3.9 Font

Fontnew Font(,)label1.Font=new

Font("",9), e3_8new Font(,)

enum FontStyle{

Regular =0,//

Bold =1,//

Italic =2,//

BoldItalic =3,//

Underline =4,//5=6=7=

Strikeout =8}//9=10=

label1.Font=new Font("",9,label1.Font.Style|FontStyle.Italic);

label1.Font=new Font("",9,label1.Font.Style|(FontStyle)2);

label1.Font=new Font("",9,label1.Font.Style&~FontStyle.Italic);

label1.Font=new Font("",9,label1.Font.Style&(FontStyle)(~2));

e3_11

3.10 (CheckBox)

CheckBoxCheckBoxGroupBox

CheckBox

1. CheckBox

l Text

l Checked true false

65

l Click

l CheckedChanged

2. e3_10A

2CheckBox

CheckBoxLabel

(1) LabelText=

(2)GroupBoxText=CheckBoxGroupBox

Text

(3)CheckedChanged

private void checkBox1_CheckedChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ String text1="";

if(checkBox1.Checked)

text1=text1+checkBox1.Text;

if(checkBox2.Checked)

text1+=checkBox2.Text;

label1.Text=text1;

}

(4)CheckedChanged

CheckedChanged3.5

(5)

3. e3_10B

(1)Form1String s=""

(2) LabelGroupBoxCheckBox

(4)CheckBox1CheckedChanged

private void checkBox1_CheckedChanged(object sender,System.EventArgs e)

{ int n=s.IndexOf("");//s""?=-1

if(n==-1)//=-1""

s+="";

else//""

s=s.Remove(n,2);

label1.Text=s;

}

(5)CheckBox2CheckedChanged

private void checkBox2_CheckedChanged(object sender,System.EventArgs e)

{ int n=s.IndexOf("");//s""?=-1

if(n==-1)//=-1""

s+="";

else//""

s=s.Remove(n,2);

label1.Text=s;

}

(6)

66

3.11 (ListBox)

1.

l Items ListBox ArrayList

l SelectedIndex 0

-1

l SelectedIndices

l SelectedItem

l SelectedItems

l SelectionMode

none( ) one( )MultiSimple( )

MultiExtended()

l Sorted false

l GetSelected() true

l SelectedIndexChanged

()

2. e3_11

(1) Label

,Text=

(2) ListBox,

Name=listBox1 ListBox

Items

(3) ListBox1SelectionModeMultiExtended

(4) SelectedIndexChenged

private void listBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ int Style=0,k=1;//Style=01=2=3=3.9

for(int i=0;i

67

(5) Ctrl

3.12 (ComboBox)

ComboBox

1. ComboBox

l DropDownStyle Simple

DropDown

DropDownList

l Items ComboBox ArrayList

l MaxDropDownItems(1100)

l Sorted false

l SelectedItem

Text

l SelectedIndex

0-1

l SelectedIndexChanged

2. e3_12 Windows

ComboBox

ComboBoxWindows

(1) Label,Text=

(2) ComboBoxName=comboBox1DropDownStyle=DropDownList

(3) Form1 Load

private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{//Families FontFamily

FontFamily[] families=FontFamily.Families;//

foreach (FontFamily family in families)

comboBox1.Items.Add(family.Name);// Add

}

(4) comboBox1 SelectedIndexChenged

private void comboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{label1.Font=new Font(comboBox1.Text,9);}

(5)

3.13 ToolTip

WindowsWord

ToolTip ToolTip

68

e3_13 Button

(1) ButtonNameButton1

(2) toolTip Name=ToolTip1

(3) Form1

toolTip1.SetToolTip(button1,"");

(4) Button

3.14 (LinkLable)

LinkLable Label Label

LinkLableLinkClicked LinkLable

1.

l LinkColor

l VisitedLinkColor

l LinkVisitedtruefalse

l LinkArea: LinkArea.Start

LinkArea.Length

l LinkClicked LinkLable

2. e3_14: LinkLabel

(1) LinkLabelText=

(2) LinkLabelLinkArea.Length=2LinkArea.Start=2

linkLabel1.LinkArea=new LinkArea(2,2);

(3) LinkLabelLinkClicked

private void linkLabel1_LinkClicked(object sender,

System.Windows.Forms.LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e)

{ linkLabel1.LinkVisited=true;

System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("http://www.micosoft.com.cn");

}

(4)

(5) CLinkLabel

LinkClicked

linkLabel1.LinkVisited=true;

System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("C:/");

(6) LinkClicked

linkLabel1.LinkVisited=true;

System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("notepad");

3.15 (Timer)

(Timer)

69

3.

l Interval

l Enabledtrue, Start()

l Start() Stop()Enabled=false

l Tick Interval Tick

4. e3_15

(1) TimerNametimer1

(2) LabelNamelabel1

(3) Form1 Load

private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ this.timer1.Interval=100;

this.timer1.Enabled=true;

label1.Text=DateTime.Now.ToString();

}

(4) Timer1Tick

private void timer1_Tick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ label1.Text=DateTime.Now.ToString();

}

(5)

3.16 DateTime

DateTime

l

String s=DateTime.Now.ToString();//DateTime.Today.ToString()

l

int y=DateTime.Now.Year;//

int m=DateTime.Now.Month;//

int d=DateTime.Now.Day;//

String s=DateTime.Now.DayOfWeek.ToString();//

l

int h=DateTime.Now.Hour;//

int m=DateTime.Now.Minute;//

int s=DateTime.Now.Second;//

l DateTime199911335732.11

System.DateTime moment=new System.DateTime(1999,1,13,3,57,32,11);

l ()

System.DateTime dTime=new System.DateTime(1980,8,5);//198085

//17421

System.TimeSpan tSpan=new System.TimeSpan(17,4,2,1);

System.DateTime result=dTime+tSpan;//19808224:2:1 AM.

70

3.17

Windows

MainMenuwindows

1.

MainMenu

ALT

&(&0)

(0)

Ctrl+OCtrlO

ShortCut

2.

MainMenuVisual Studio.Net

MainMenu mainMenu1=new MainMenu();

This.Menu=mainMenu1;//mainMenu1

MainMenu

MenuItem myFile=mainMenu1.MenuItem.Add((&F));//

myFile.MenuItem.Add((&O));//

Visual Studio.Net

3.

l Checked=true

l ShortCut

l ShowShortCuttrue()false

l Text-&

(&c)Alt+c

l Click

4. e3_17

(1)Label

(2)Mainmenu

(3),

71

Text-

(4)(Click)

private void menuItem2_Click(object sender,System.EventArgs e)

{label1.ForeColor=Color.Red;}//

(5)(Click)

private void menuItem3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{label1.ForeColor=Color.Black;}//

(6)(Click)

private void menuItem4_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ Close();}//

(7)

3.18

Windows

1.

ToolBar

ButtonWord(ComboBox)

ImageListButtonClick

2. ToolBar

l BorderStyle=None()=FixedSingle

=Fixed3D

l Button ToolBar

72

ToolBarButton()

l ImageList ImageList

ToolBar

l Wrappable=true() Form

=false

l ButtonClickToolBar ButtonClick

l ShowToolTips=true

l IndexOF() ToolBar Name

3. ToolBar ToolBarButton

ToolBar ToolBarButton

ToolBar ToolBarButton

l ImageIndexToolBar ImageList ImageList

ToolBar ImageList

l Style 4=PushButton=Separator

=ToggleButton

=DropDownButton

l TextToolBar Text

l ToolTipText

4. e3_18

(1) ImageList

(2) ToolBarImageList=ImageList1

(3) ImageListImages Image

ImageList

73

C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office\forms\2052

C:\program files\Microsoft Visual Studio.Net\Common7\Graphics\Icon\Misc

.ico

ImageList

(4) ToolBarButtonsToolBarButton()

ImageIndex

ToolTipText

ToolTipText

(5) ToolBarShowToolTipstrue

(6) ToolBarButtonClick

private void toolBar1_ButtonClick(object sender,

System.Windows.Forms.ToolBarButtonClickEventArgs e)

{ int n=toolBar1.Buttons.IndexOf(e.Button);//n

switch(n)

{ case 0://

this.menuItem3_Click(sender,e);

break;

case 1://

this.menuItem2_Click(sender,e);

break;

}

}

(7)

3.19 (StatusBar)

Windows

1.

l Panels

StatusBarPanels

l ShowPanel=true=false

2. (StatusBar)

Text

statusBar1.Text= 2

statusBar1.Panels[1].Text= 2

l Alignment

l Text

l Width

l BorderStyle =None(

)=Raised=Sunken

3. e3_19

(1) StatusBarStatusBarPanels

StatusBarPanels()201

74

(2) StatusBarShowPanel=true

(3) TimerName=Timer1Interval=1000Enabled=true

(4) Timer1Tick

private void timer1_Tick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ statusBar1.Panels[0].Text=DateTime.Now.ToString();

}

(5) Form1MouseMove

private void Form1_MouseMove(object sender,System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)

{statusBar1.Panels[1].Text="X:"+e.X.ToString()+",Y:"+e.Y.ToString();

}

(6) 1

2

3.20

System.Windows.Forms.Control Click

Form

l MouseDown

l MouseUp

l MouseMove

l MouseEnter

l MouseLeave

(object sender)

Name Form1 MouseDown Form1

senderForm1(System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)

e.Xxe.Yye.Button

75

MouseButtons.LeftRightMiddle

e.Clicks2

e3_20 Label

(20,20) 200 200

(1) Label Name=label1

(2) Panel Panel Location.X=20

Location.Y=20Width=200Height=200Name=p1

(3) PanelMouseDown

private void p1_MouseDown(object sender,System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e)

{ if(e.Button==MouseButtons.Left&&e.Clicks>1)//

label1.Text="X:"+e.X.ToString()+",Y:"+e.Y.ToString();

}

(4)

3.21 (ContextMenu)

Word

e3.21

button1

button2 2

1

(1) Label

(2) 2 ButtonText

(3)


{ label1.ForeColor=Color.Red;}

(4)


{ label1.ForeColor=Color.Black;}

(5) 2 ContextMenuName contextMenu1contextMenu2

(6) contextMenu1

(7) contextMenu2

Close();

(8) ContextMenu

contextMenu1Form ContextMenu contextMenu2

(9) , contextMenu1

contextMenu1

76

contextMenu2

3.22

(1) Form MaxiMizeBox=false MiniMizeBox=false

FormBorderStyle=FixedDialog

(2) textBoxName=textBox1Text="0"ReadOnly=true

(3) 10Button9NameButton1-Button9

Button0Text1234567890

(4) 7ButtonNamebtn_dotbtn_equbtn_addbtn_subbtn_mul

btn_divbtn_CText.=+-*/C

(5) Button0


{ if(sender==button0) append_num(0);

if(sender==button1) append_num(1);









}

(6) Form1

public void append_num(int i)

{ if(textBox1.Text!="0")

textBox1.Text+=Convert.ToString(i);

else

textBox1.Text=Convert.ToString(i);

}

(7) Button1-Button9Button0

(8) .

private void btn_dot_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ int n=textBox1.Text.IndexOf(".");

if(n==-1)//

textBox1.Text=textBox1.Text+".";

}

(9) textBox1

(10) sum0

(11) (+-*\=)

blnClear

77

false(+-*

\=)blnClear=true

blnCleartrue

blnClear=false append_num

public void append_num(int i)

{ if(blnClear)//textBox1

{ textBox1.Text="0";//

blnClear=false;

}

if(textBox1.Text!="0")

textBox1.Text+=Convert.ToString(i);

else

textBox1.Text=Convert.ToString(i);

}

(12) btn_dot_Click

private void btn_dot_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(blnClear) //textBox1

{ textBox1.Text="0";//

blnClear=false;

}

int n=textBox1.Text.IndexOf(".");

if(n==-1)//

textBox1.Text=textBox1.Text+".";

}

(13) 1+2-311+,

sum=sum+1(sum=0)sum()

+22-,(

+)sum=sum+2sum-

strOper

"+"sum=sum+sum=0

sum=+

private void btn_add_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ double dbSecond=Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);

if(!blnClear)//

switch(strOper)//

{ case "+":

sum+=dbSecond;

break;

//-*\

}

if(sender==btn_add)

strOper="+";

//-*\=

78

textBox1.Text=Convert.ToString(sum);

blnClear=true;

}

(14) =++

private void btn_add_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ double dbSecond=Convert.ToDouble(textBox1.Text);

if(!blnClear)//

switch(strOper)//

{ case "+":

sum+=dbSecond;

break;

//-*\

}

if(sender==btn_add)

strOper="+";

if(sender==btn_equ)//=

strOper="=";

textBox1.Text=Convert.ToString(sum);

blnClear=true;

}

btn_equ+

(15) C

private void btn_C_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ textBox1.Text="0";

sum=0;

blnClear=false;

strOper="+";

}

(16)

(1) 12

(Enabledfalse)

(2) (3.9)

(3)

label1.Text=textBox1.Text

(4) ( TextChanged

label1.Text=textBox1.Text)

(5)

label1.Text=textBox1.SelText

(6)

79

(7) RadioButtonLabel

(8) e3_8Click

(9) ComboBox(Item)

(10) ListBox, Name=listBox1

ListBoxListBox

SelectedIndexChenged

label1.Text="";

for(int i=0;i

80

Word

4.1 RichTextBox

RichTextBox TextBox

TextBox TextBox

rtf TextBox

TextBoxRichTextBox

l Dock

DockStyle NoneLeftRightTopBottom Fill

DOCK 5

l SelectedText RichTextBox

l SelectionLength RichTextBox

l SelectionStart RichTextBox

l SelectionFont

l SelectionColor

l Lines RichTextBox

l Modified true

l SelectionChangeRichTextBox

l TextChangedRichTextBox

l Clear() RichTextBox Lines

l Copy()Cut()Paste() RichTextBox

l SelectAll() RichTextBox

l Find()

RichTextBoxFindsMatchCase(

)Reverse() 12 3

l SaveFile() 2

81

RichTextBoxStreamType.PlainTextRtf

RichTextBoxStreamType.RichText Unicode

RichTextBoxStreamType.UnicodePlainText

l LoadFile() SaveFile()

l Undo() RichTextBox

l Redo() RichTextBox

4.2

CutCopy

Paste

(1) RichTextBox Name=richTextBox1Dock=FillText=

(2) Mainmenu

Name mainMenuEditmenuItemEditCut

menuItemEditCopymenuItemEditPastemenuItemEditUndomenuItemEditRedo

private void menuItemEditCut_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ richTextBox1.Cut();} //

private void menuItemEditCopy_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ richTextBox1.Copy();} //

private void menuItemEditPaste_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ richTextBox1.Paste();} //

private void menuItemEditUndo_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ richTextBox1.Undo();} //

private void menuItemEditRedo_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ richTextBox1.Redo();} //

(3)

4.3

4.3.1 OpenFileDialog SaveFileDialog

OpenFileDialogSaveFileDialog

82

4.3.1A

4.3.1B

l FilterFilter

|(T)

( 4.3.1A)

Filter="(*.txt)|*.txt|(*.*)|*.*"

(T)(*.txt)

(*.*)"

(*.txt)".txt"

83

(*.*)"

l FilterIndex(T)

FilterIndex

FilteropenFileDialog1.Filter="

(*.txt)|*.txt|(*.*)|*.*",openFileDialog1.FilterIndex=1

l FileName

l InitialDirectory

l DefaultExt

l ShowDialog()

DialogResult.CancleDialogResult.OK

4.3.2

(4) OpenFileDialog SaveFileDialog Name openFileDialog1

saveFileDialog1

(5) .........

NamemainMenuFilemenuItemFileNewmenuItemFileOpen

menuItemFileSavemenuItemFileSaveAsmenuItemFileExit

(6) Form1 stringstring s_FileName=""

(7)

private void menuItemFileNew_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ richTextBox1.Text="";//richTextBox1.Clear();

s_FileName="";//

}

(8)

private void menuItemFileOpen_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(openFileDialog1.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)

{ s_FileName=openFileDialog1.FileName;

richTextBox1.LoadFile(openFileDialog1.FileName,

RichTextBoxStreamType.PlainText);

}

}

(9)

private void menuItemFileSaveAs_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)

{ s_FileName=saveFileDialog1.FileName;

richTextBox1.SaveFile(saveFileDialog1.FileName,


}//

}

(10)

84

private void menuItemSaveFile_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(s_FileName.Length!=0)

richTextBox1.SaveFile(s_FileName,RichTextBoxStreamType.PlainText);

else

menuItemFileSaveAs_Click(sender,e);//

}

(11) SaveFileDialog

SaveFileDialog

SaveFileDialog

( SaveFileDialog)


{ SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1=new SaveFileDialog();

saveFileDialog1.Filter="(*.txt)|*.txt|(*.*)|*.*";

saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex=1;

if(saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)




}//

}

(12)

private void menuItemExit_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ Close();}

(13)

4.4

FontDialog

4.4.1 FontDialog

FontDialogFontDialog OpenDialog

FontFontDialog

FontDialog4.3.1

4.4.2

(14) FontDialogName=fontDialog1

Name mainMenuModel

85

menuItemModelFont

private void menuItemModelFont_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(fontDialog1.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)

richTextBox1.SelectionFont=fontDialog1.Font;

}

(15)

4.3.1

4.5 About

SaveDialogOpenDialogFontDialog

System.Windows.Forms.Form

(16) /Windows(4.5)(T)

Windows(N)formAbout.cs

formAbout.csformAbout

(17) formAboutStartPosition=CenterParent

MaximizeBox=FalseMinimizeBox=False


Text=""Label

LabelText=""

Text=""


{Close();}

(18) Form1

NamemenuItemAbout

86

private void menuItemAbout_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ formAbout AboutDialog=new formAbout();

AboutDialog.ShowDialog(this);

}//Show()

(19) formAbout

()

4.5

4.6

4.6.1

SaveDialogOpenDialog

System.Windows.Forms.Form

ShowDialog()

Show()

87

4.6.2

(20) System.Windows.Forms.Form

/Windows(4.5)Windows

formFindReplace.cs

Name=formFindReplace

(21) formFindReplaceStartPosition=CenterParent

MaximizeBox=FalseMinimizeBox=False


Text=""LabelText

""""TextBoxText=""

Text"""" TopMost=true

(22) formFindReplaceForm1 MainForm1;

(23) formFindReplace(

)

public formAbout(Form1 form1)//

{

//Windows


//TODO:InitializeComponent

MainForm1=form1;//,Form1Name

}//Form1formFindReplace

(24) Form1formFindReplace

public void FindRichTextBoxString(string FindString)

{} //

(25) formFindReplace

private void buttonFind_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(textBox1.Text.Length!=0)//,

MainForm1.FindRichTextBoxString(textBox1.Text);//

else

MessageBox.Show("","",MessageBoxButtons.OK);

}//MessageBox4.7.1

(26) Form1formFindReplace

public void ReplaceRichTextBoxString(string ReplaceString)

{} //

(27)

private void buttonReplace_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(textBox2.Text.Length!=0)//,

MainForm1.ReplaceRichTextBoxString(textBox1.Text,textBox2.Text);

else//MainForm1.ReplaceRichTextBoxString(26)

MessageBox.Show("","", MessageBoxButtons.OK);

}

88

(28) Form1int FindPostion=0

(29) Form1

private void menuItemFindReplace_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ FindPostion=0;

formAbout FindReplaceDialog=new formAbout(this);//this

FindReplaceDialog.Show();//Show()

}

(30) Form1 FindRichTextBoxString

public void FindRichTextBoxString(string FindString)

{ if(FindPostion>=richTextBox1.Text.Length)//

{ MessageBox.Show(",",

"",MessageBoxButtons.OK);

FindPostion=0;

return;

}//-11

//23

FindPostion=richTextBox1.Find(FindString,

FindPostion,RichTextBoxFinds.MatchCase);

if(FindPostion==-1)//

{ MessageBox.Show(",",

"", MessageBoxButtons.OK);

FindPostion=0;//

}

else//

{ richTextBox1.Focus();//

FindPostion+=FindString.Length;

}//

}

(31) Form1 ReplaceRichTextBoxString

public void ReplaceRichTextBoxString(string ReplaceString)

{ if(richTextBox1.SelectedText.Length!=0)//

richTextBox1.SelectedText=ReplaceString;//

}

(32)

/

89

4.7

4.7.1 MessageBox

MessageBox

MessageBox.Show(this,"","",

MessageBoxButtons.YesNoCancel,MessageBoxIcon.Question);

YES,NO,CANCELAbortRetryIgnore(

)OK()OKCancel()RetryCance()

YesNo()

AsteriskErrorExclamationHandStopWarningNone

System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult

System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.YesYES

System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.CancelCancel

System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.NoNo

MessageBox

4.7.2

(33) Form1 bool bSave=false RichTextBox

bSave=false

RichTextBox TextChanged

bSave=true

(34)

true false

public bool IfSaveOldFile()

{ bool ReturnValue=true;

if(bSave)

{ System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult dr;

dr=MessageBox.Show(this,"","",

90

MessageBoxButtons.YesNoCancel,MessageBoxIcon.Question);

switch(dr)

{ case System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.Yes://yes

bSave=false;

if(s_FileName.Length!=0)


else








}

}

ReturnValue=true;

break;

case System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.No://no

bSave=false;

ReturnValue=true;

break;

case System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.Cancel://Cancel

ReturnValue=false;

break;

}

}

return ReturnValue;

}

(35)

if(!IfSaveOldFile())//

return;

(36)

private void menuItemSaveFile_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(s_FileName.Length!=0)

{ bSave=false;//


}

else

menuItemSaveAs_Click(sender,e);

}

(37)

private void menuItemSaveAs_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)


91







bSave=false;//

}

}

(38) RichTextBox TextChanged

private void richTextBox1_TextChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ bSave=true;}

(39) Form1 Closing

private void Form1_Closing(object sender,System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)

{ if(!IfSaveOldFile())

e.Cancel=true;//

}

(40)

4.8

4.8.1 PrintDocument

PrintDocument

l DocumentName

l Print

l BeginPrintPrint

l PrintPage

l EndPrint

PrintDocument

PageSetupDialog

PrintDialog

Document PrintDocument

PrintDocumentPrintDocument.Print

BeginPrintPrintPageEndPrint

PrintPagePrintPage

92

PrintPage

3BeginPrint

PrintPageEndPrint

2System.Drawing.Printing.PrintEventArgs e

l e.Cancel true

l e.Graphics

l e.HasMorePagesPrintPage

HasMorePages=true PrintPage

PrintPage

l e.MarginBoundsRectangleLeft

TopWidthHeight1/100

l e.MarginBoundsRectangle1/100

l e.PageSettingsPageSettings PageSetupDialog

PageSettings

3

(41) using

using System.IO;

using System.Drawing.Printing;

(42) RichTextBoxStringReader streamToPrint=null

StreamReader streamToPrint

Font printFont

(43) PrintDocumentnameprintDocument1

(44) printDocument1BeginPrint

private void printDocument1_BeginPrint(object sender,

System.Drawing.Printing.PrintEventArgs e)

{ printFont=richTextBox1.Font;//

streamToPrint=new StringReader(richTextBox1.Text);//richTextBox1.Text

}//streamToPrint=new StreamReader("");

(45) printDocument1 PrintPagestreamToPrint.ReadLine()

private void printDocument1_PrintPage(object sender,

System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e)

{ float linesPerPage=0;//

float yPos=0;//

int count=0;//

float leftMargin=e.MarginBounds.Left;//

float topMargin=e.MarginBounds.Top;//

string line=null;//RichTextBoxline

//=/

linesPerPage=e.MarginBounds.Height/printFont.GetHeight(e.Graphics);

//null

while(count

93

{ //yPos

yPos=topMargin+(count*printFont.GetHeight(e.Graphics));

e.Graphics.DrawString(line,printFont,Brushes.Black,

leftMargin,yPos,new StringFormat());//

count++;//1

}

if(line!=null)//

e.HasMorePages=true;//

else

e.HasMorePages=false;//

}

(46) printDocument1EndPrint

private void printDocument1_EndPrint (object sender,

System.Drawing.Printing.PrintEventArgs e)

{ if(streamToPrint!=null)

streamToPrint.Close();//

}

4.8.2 PageSetupDialog

WindowsPageSetupDialogWindows

4.8.2

4.8.2

()

DocumentPrintDocument

94

PrintDocument

(47)

(48) PageSetupDialognamepageSetupDialog1

(49)

private void menuItem5_Click(object sender,System.EventArgs e)

{ pageSetupDialog1.Document=printDocument1;

pageSetupDialog1.ShowDialog();

}

(50) pageSetupDialog1PageSetupDialog

PrintDocument printDocument1

PrintDocument.Print

PrintPagee

4.8.3

PrintPreviewDialog PrintDocument

(51)

(52) PrintPreviewDialog name printPreviewDialog1

(53)

private void menuItemPrintView_Click(object sender,System.EventArgs e)

{ printPreviewDialog1.Document=printDocument1;

printPreviewDialog1.ShowDialog();

}

(54) 4.8.3

4.8.3

95

4.8.4 PrintDialog

PrintDialog

()

Document PrintDocument

PrintDialogPrintDocumentPrintDialog

4.8.4

4.8.4

(55) PrintDialog Name=printDialog1

(56)

(57)

private void menuItemPrint_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ printDialog1.Document=printDocument1;

if(printDialog1.ShowDialog(this)==DialogResult.OK)

printDocument1.Print();

}

(58)

4.9

Microsoft Word

Visualstudio.Net

96

4.9.1 Microsoft Word

Microsoft Word

(MDI)()()

(1) IsMdiContainer=true

(2) MainmenuName=menuItemFile

Name

menuItemNewmenuItemOpenmenuItemSaveAsmenuItemCloseChildmenuItemExit

Name=menuItemWindowMdiList=true,

NamemenuItemTileHmenuItemCascademenuItemTileV

(3) /Windows(4.5)Windows

FormChild.cs

FormChild

(4) RichTextBox1Dock=FillText="",Modifiers=public,

RichTextBox1,RichTextBox1

(5)

private void menuItemNew_Click(object sender,System.EventArgs e)

{ FormChild formChild=new FormChild();

formChild.MdiParent=this;

formChild.Show();

}

(6) OpenFileDialog

private void menuItemOpen_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(openFileDialog1.ShowDialog(this)==DialogResult.OK)

{ FormChild ChildForm=new FormChild();

ChildForm.MdiParent=this;

ChildForm.richTextBox1.LoadFile(openFileDialog1.FileName,


ChildForm.Show();

}

}

(7) SaveFileDialog

private void menuItemChildSaveAs_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog(this)==DialogResult.OK)

{ FormChild ChildForm=(FormChild)this.ActiveMdiChild;

ChildForm.richTextBox1.SaveFile(saveFileDialog1.FileName,


}

}

(8)

97

private void menuItemCloseChild_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ this.ActiveMdiChild.Close();}

(9)


{ Close();}

(10)

private void menuItemTileH_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ this.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileHorizontal);}

(11)

private void menuItemCascade_Click_1(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ this.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.Cascade);}

(12)

private void menuItemTileV_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ this.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout. TileVertical);}

(13)

4.9.2

(1) IsMdiContainertrue

(2) MainmenuMergeType=MergeItems

MergeOrder

MergeOrder=0

MergeTypeMergeItemsMergeOrder0

Name=menuItemFile

, Name menuItemNewmenuItemOpenmenuItemExit MergeType

AddMergeOrder126

MergeType=Add MergeOrder=7 Name=menuItemHelp

98

,Name=menuItemAboutMergeOrder

07

MergeOrder=3

(3) /WindowsWindows

formChild.cs

formChild

(4) formChildForm1 MainForm1;

(5) formChild()

public formChild(Form1 form1)//

{

//Windows


//TODO:InitializeComponent

MainForm1=form1;//,Form1Name

}//Form1formChild

(6) MainmenuMergeType=MergeItems

MergeOrder=0

MergeType=Add MergeOrder=3

MergeType=Add

MergeOrder=4

(7) MergeType=Add MergeOrder=3

MergeOrder=3

(8) MergeType=Add MergeOrder=6

Name=menuItemWindowMdiList=true,

NamemenuItemCascade

(9) RichTextBox1 Dock=FillText=

Modifiers=public,RichTextBox1,RichTextBox1

(10)

private void menuItemNew_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ formChild ChildForm=new formChild(this);


ChildForm.Show();

}

(11) OpenFileDialog

private void menuItemOpen_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(openFileDialog1.ShowDialog(this)==DialogResult.OK)

{ formChild ChildForm=new formChild(this);


ChildForm.richTextBox1.LoadFile(openFileDialog1.FileName);

ChildForm.Show();

}

}

99

(12)


{ Close();}

(13)

private void menuItemCascade_Click_1(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ MainForm1.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.Cascade);}

(14) SaveFileDialog

private void menuItemChildSaveAs_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog(this)==DialogResult.OK)

{ richTextBox1.SaveFile(saveFileDialog1.FileName,


}

}

(15)

private void menuItemCloseChild_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ Close();}

(16)

richTextBox1.Cut();richTextBox1.Copy();richTextBox1.Paste();

(17)

4.9.3 Visualstudio.Net

Visualstudio.Net

Visualstudio.Net

(1) TabControlDock=Fill

(2) TabControlTabPagesTabPage

1Text4.9.3

(3) Label Text=

Label

Text= RichTextBox

100

(4)

4.9.3

(1) TabControl Dock=Fill

(2) Mainmenu 4

Name menuItemFile

menuItemFileNewmenuItemFileClosemenuItemFileOpenmenuItemFileSaveAs

(3) MakeNewTbpage()

private object MakeNewTbpage()

{ //TabPage

TabPage tabPage1=new TabPage();

tabControl1.Controls.Add(tabPage1);//tabPage1tabControl1

tabPage1.Location=new Point(4, 21);

tabPage1.Size=new Size(284, 248);

tabPage1.Text=""+tabPage1.TabIndex.ToString()+"";

//RichTextBox

RichTextBox richTextBox1=new RichTextBox();

richTextBox1.Dock=DockStyle.Fill;

richTextBox1.Size=new Size(284, 248);

richTextBox1.Text="";

tabPage1.Controls.Add(richTextBox1);//richTextBox1tabPage1

return (object)richTextBox1;

}

(4)

private void menuItemFileNew_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ MakeNewTbpage();}

101

(5)

private void menuItemFileClose_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ TabPage tabPage1=tabControl1.SelectedTab;//

tabControl1.Controls.Remove(tabPage1);//tabControl1

//0RichTextBox

RichTextBox richTextBox1=(RichTextBox)tabPage1.Controls[0];

if(richTextBox1!=null)

richTextBox1.Dispose();//RichTextBox

if(tabPage1!=null)

tabPage1.Dispose();//

}

(6) OpenFileDialog

private void menuItemFileOpen_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{ if(openFileDialog1.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)

{ RichTextBox richTextBox1=(RichTextBox)MakeNewTbpage();

richTextBox1.LoadFile(openFileDialog1.FileName,


}

}

(7) SaveFileDialog


{ if(saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)

{ TabPage tabPage1=tabControl1.SelectedTab;

RichTextBox richTextBox1=(RichTextBox)tabPage1.Controls[0];



}

}

(8)

(1) RichTextBox Lines

Lines (

string[] s=new string [richTextBox1.Lines.Length];s= richTextBox1.Lines)

(2)

(3) 2

(4) 3

(5) 1 ColorDialog

(6)

(7) RichTextBoxModified 4.7

ModifiedRichTextBox

(8)

102

(9) InitialDirectory DefaultExt

(10) RichTextBox SelectionAlignment

(HorizontalAlignment.Left)

(HorizontalAlignment.Right)(HorizontalAlignment.Center)(3

3 Style

ToolBarButtonStyle.Separator)

(11) RichTextBoxSelectionCharOffset

0

(12)

(13)

(14)

:

103

Windows

Graphics()

Bitmap

5.1 (GDI)

Windows()Windows

(GDI32.DLL) CRT

(GDI) CRT

GDI

CRT CRT

GDI CRT GDI

CRT

Word

.NET(.Net FrameWork) Windows

(GDI32.DLL)GDI+GDI+

GDI+ System.Drawing

System.Drawing.Priniting System.Drawing.ImagingSystem.Drawing.Drawing2D

System.Drawing.DesignSystem.Drawing.Text

5.2 Graphics

System.Drawing.Graphics GDI+Graphics

Graphics

GraphicsGraphics

CRT

CRT

GDI

104

5.2.1 Graphics

GDI+GraphicsGraphics

Graphics

Graphics


{ Graphics g=this.CreateGraphics();//Graphics

Pen pen1=new Pen(Color.Red);//

SolidBrush brush1=new SolidBrush(Color.Blue);//

g.DrawEllipse(pen1,10,10,100,100);//

g.FillEllipse(brush1,10,10,100,100);//

}

5.2.2 Paint

Form

Windows

Windows Paint

Paint Windows Paint

Form Paint

Paint Form Paint

private void Form1_Paint(object sender,System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)

{ Graphics g=e.Graphics;//Graphics

Pen pen1=new Pen(Color.Red);

SolidBrush brush1=new SolidBrush(Color.Blue);

g.DrawEllipse(pen1,10,10,100,100);

g.FillEllipse(brush1,10,10,100,100);

}

5.3 GDI+

GDI+ Graphics.TransformPoints()

l

l (Page) x y

105

l (Page)

(Page)

5.4 GDI+

GDI+PointPointFSizeSizeFRectangleRectangleF

ColorSystem.Drawing

5.4.1 Point PointF

XY x y

Point p1=new Point(int X,int Y);//X,Y

PointF p2=new PointF(float X,floa Y);//X,Y

5.4.2 Size SizeF

Size SizeFWidth Height

public Size(int width,int height);

public SizeF(float width,float height);

5.4.3 Rectangle RectangleF

Rectangle RectangleF

l TopRectangley

l LeftRectanglex

l BottomRectangley

l RightRectanglex

l WidthRectangle

l HeightRectangle

l SizeRectangle

l X:Rectanglex

l Y:Rectangley

//locationSizesize

Rectangle(Point location,Size size);//PointFSizeF

//xy,,

Rectangle(int X,int Y,int width,int height);//XYfloat

5.4.4 Color

Color 32

106

(al)(bb)(gg)(rr)0xalrrbbggal,bb,gg,rr

0255

l public static Color FromArgb(int alpha,int rr,int gg,int bb);

Color8

256alpha=0=255

l public static Color FromArgb(int rr,int gg,int bb);

8 Color 255

8256(255,0,0)(0,255,0)

(0,0,255)

l public static Color FromArgb(int alpha,Color color);

ColorColoralphaalpha

8

private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)

{ Graphics g=e.Graphics;

SolidBrush RedBrush=new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(128,255,0,0));//

SolidBrush GreenBrush=new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(128,0,255,0));

SolidBrush BlueBrush=new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(128,0,0,255));

g.FillRectangle(RedBrush,0,0,80,80);

g.FillRectangle(GreenBrush,40,0,80,80);

g.FillRectangle(BlueBrush,20,20,80,80);

}

alpha255

C#

Color.BlackColor.Red

5.5

PenPen4

l public Pen(Color color);//color1

l public Pen(Color colorfloat width);//colorwidth

l public Pen(Brush brush);//

l public Pen(Brush,float width);//width

PenColorWidthDashStyleEndCap

StartCapDashStyleEndCapStartCap

()Paint

private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)

{ Graphics g=e.Graphics;

Pen pen1=new Pen(Color.Red,6);//

g.DrawLine(pen1,10,10,100,10);//1

pen1.DashStyle=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.DashStyle.Dash;//

g.DrawLine(pen1,10,20,100,20);//2

pen1.DashStyle=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.DashStyle.DashDot;//

g.DrawLine(pen1,10,30,100,30);//3

//

107

pen1.DashStyle=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.DashStyle.DashDotDot;

g.DrawLine(pen1,10,40,100,40);//4

pen1.DashStyle=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.DashStyle.Dot;//

g.DrawLine(pen1,10,50,100,50);//5

pen1.DashStyle=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.DashStyle.Solid;//

pen1.EndCap=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.LineCap.ArrowAnchor;//

g.DrawLine(pen1,150,10,250,10);//1

pen1.StartCap=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.LineCap.ArrowAnchor;//

g.DrawLine(pen1,150,22,250,22);//2

pen1.EndCap=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.LineCap.RoundAnchor;

g.DrawLine(pen1,150,34,250,34);//3

pen1.EndCap=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.LineCap.SquareAnchor;

g.DrawLine(pen1,150,46,250,46);//4

pen1.EndCap=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.LineCap.Triangle;

g.DrawLine(pen1,150,58,250,58);//5

pen1.EndCap=System.Drawing.Drawing2D.LineCap.DiamondAnchor;

//6

g.DrawLine(pen1,150,70,250,70);

}

5.6

GDI+

l SolidBrushSystem.Drawing

l HatchBrushSystem.Drawing.Drawing2D

l TextureBrush()

l LinearGradientBrush

l PathGradientBrush

5.6.1 SolidBrush

1

SolidBrush brush1=new SolidBrush(Color color);//

Colorbrush1.Color=Color.Green;

5.6.2 HatchBrush

()

108

//

HatchBrush brush1=new HatchBrush(HatchStyle h,Color c);

//

HatchBrush brush1=new HatchBrush(HatchStyle h,Color c1Color c2);

3

l backgroundColor

l foreColor

l HatchStyle

5.6.2HatchStyleForm1.cs

using System.Drawing.Drawing2DPaint

private void Form1_Paint(object sender,System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)

{ Graphics g=e.Graphics;//Graphics

HatchBrush b1=new

HatchBrush(HatchStyle.BackwardDiagonal,Color.Blue,Color.LightGray);

g.FillRectangle(b1,10,10,50,50);//1

HatchBrush b2=new HatchBrush(HatchStyle.Cross,Color.Blue,Color.LightGray);


HatchBrush b3=new

HatchBrush(HatchStyle.ForwardDiagonal,Color.Blue,Color.LightGray);


HatchBrush b4=new

HatchBrush(HatchStyle.DiagonalCross,Color.Blue,Color.LightGray);


HatchBrush b5=new

HatchBrush(HatchStyle.Vertical,Color.Blue,Color.LightGray);


HatchBrush b6=new

HatchBrush(HatchStyle.Horizontal,Color.Blue,Color.LightGray);

g.FillRectangle(b6,310,10,50,50);

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