Kemiens Dag 2018, Industriens Hus, København, 27.november 2018

Bæredygtig Kemi i Fremtidens Samfund- Hvad Fokuserer Forskningen På ?

Rasmus Fehrmann

DTU Kemi

Hoved-og fokusområder, relevante for det

fremtidige bæredygtige samfund

Energi

Biomasse -> Fuel (flydende) Jetbrændstof Transportsektoren samt

-> Fuel (gas) Biogas, Brint El-og varmeproduktion

-> Fuel (fast) Produktions-

strategi, emission

Vedvarende energi :

Sol

Vind El- og varmeproduktion

Vand

Fusion

Klima og Miljø

Nedsat emission/udledning af :

Svovl Skrubning, afsvovling Energiproduktion og transport

Nitrogenoxider Katalytisk røggasrensning

Carbonoxider CO2 -Capture og lagring

Partikler Forbrændingsteknologi, filtre

Nitrat og phosphat Vandrensning Landbrug, husholdning og industri

Organisk materiale Vandrensning

Tungmetaller Vand- og røggasrensning

Plast Bionedbrydning,substitution

Hoved-og fokusområder, relevante for det

fremtidige bæredygtige samfund Produktionsteknologi

Mindre energiforbrug Katalyse, procesoptimering Industrisektoren

Større selektivitet, mindre affald Katalyse, separation

Enklere procesdesign Fx batch->kontinuert

– mindre CAPEX og OPEX

Recirkulation og genbrug

Arbejdsmiljø

Substitution

Kemikalieproduktion

Biomasse -> Fin- og brugskemikalier Sukker, cellulose og lignin omdannelse Kemisk industri

-> Polymerer

-> Farmaceutica

Pyrolyse

Generel strategi : => Platformskemikalier , H2 behov

Opløsningskemi

CO2 -> Kemikalier Separation, katalyse, H2 behov Kemisk industri

Fødevarer

Jordens befolkning vokser mod 10 milliarder :

Øget fødevareproduktion -> Øget Landbrugsareal Fødevareindustri

-> Stigende gødningsbehov Katalyse

-> Havbrugsudvidelse

CO2 til flybrændstof (DFF ans.)

Biogas produktion og forædling

(Igangværende projekt DTU-Industri)Typisk biogas komposition ab fermentor :

CH4 60 %, CO2 40 % , H2S ppm level, H2O 2-4 %

Alternative Energy Sources

EU reached agreements in 2007 and 2014 that 20 % of the energy

should be produced from renewable sources by 2020 and 40 % by

2030 to cut emissions of the green house gas CO2. By 2012 new

fossil fired plants shall be equipped with technology for capture

and storage of CO2

Proportion of renewable energy in the EU (2007)

Solid Biomass Fuel Sustainablity

CO2-neutral burning of waste and biomass alone or combined

with fossil fuel is a sustainable technology for energy

production.

However, cleaning of the flue gas for NOx and SOx is still

mandatory.

AND remember to replant the harvested biomass !

Commercial vanadium deNOx catalyst deactivation

✓Catalyst life is a

function of fuel

Potential industrial catalysts with high potassium tolerance

DTU-Ørsted-LAB(FR)

Catalytic activity of potential catalysts at high potassium

exposure at 400 C.

Special Challenge : NOx Emission From Ships2-5 times higher than from power plants – essentially no flue gas cleaning

demanded by law

By 2021 80 % reduction demanded for new ships (IMO)

Sustainable Process Design : SILP “ROMEO”

Reactor Optimisation by Membrane Enhanched Operation

▪ 6 M€ (2015-2019)

▪ Combination of homogeneous catalytical reaction with

membrane separation function on a single support structure

▪ Demonstration plants for hydroformylation and WGS

▪ Energy savings up to 70 %

www.romeo-h2020.eu

Catalysis for Sustainable Energy

DTU (H2CAP,CASE) m.fl.

Wood

100 C, 0 h

100 C, 1 h

100 C, 5 h

Pine wood in the ionic liquid [BMIm]Cl

Dissolution of Biomass in Ionic Liquids

DTU and Worldvide

[BMIm]Cl

From

Robin Rogers et al.

By courtesy of Peter Schultz,

University of Erlangen-

Nürnberg

Bio-kemikalier

DTU/HTAS/Perstorp(SE)(Cat2BioChem) and Worldvide

Growing Population : Importance of catalysis

~40 % of the world

population of 7 BN is fed

by NH3 production

16

Conclusions

▪ Much research takes place world wide within sustainable

chemical production

▪ A number of alternative processes and technologies close to

be operational are at hand

▪ However implementation is rather slow…..why ?

▪ Factors affecting industrial realisation :

- Market economy

- Depletion of natural ressources

- Legislation

- Public opinion

CSC : Thank you for your attention !

Infrastructure

35 scientists (5 Faculty, 2 TAP, 5 PD, 25 students)

55 modules (17 labs, 21 offices)

Projects – Economy – Dissemination

Current funding about 6 MEUR

15 ongoing projects

20-25 scientific articles per year

3-5 patent applications per year

3 spin-off companies 2013-14