Bioquímica 1
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BOELEMENTOSY
BIOMOLÉCULAS (UNIDADES 1 Y 2)
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BIOELEMENTOS
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http://web.educastur.princast.es/proyectos/biogeo_ov/2BCH/B1_BIOQUIMICA/t11_BIOMOLECULAS/informacion.htm
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BIOMOLÉCULAS INORGÁNICAS
AGUA
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PRODUCTO IÓNICO DEL AGUA
REACCIÓN DE DISOCIACIÓN DEL AGUA
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http://www.bionova.org.es/biocast/tema04.htm
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CONSTANTE DIELÉCTRICA DEL AGUA
SOLVATACIÓN DE LA GLUCOSA
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BIOMOLÉCULAS INORGÁNICAS
SALES MINERALES
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DIÁLISIS
ÓSMOSIS
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BIOMOLÉCULAS ORGÁNICASGÚCIDOS
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AldosasPolialcoholes con un grupo
aldehido
CetosasPolialcoholes con un grupo
cetona
Triosas 3 carbonos (CH2O)3
Tetrosas 4 carbonos (CH2O)4
Pentosas 5 carbonos (CH2O)5
Hexosas 6 carbonos (CH2O)6
Eptosas 7 carbonos (CH2O)7
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DEFINICIÓN Y CLASIFICACIÓN DE MONOSACÁRICOS
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ALDOSAS
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20Carmen BonetESTEROISÓMEROS D Y L
ENANTIÓMERO
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MUTARROTACIÓN : TRANSFORAMCIÓNDE UN ANÓMERO EN OTRO
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ANÓMEROS
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DERIVADOS DE LOS MONOSACÁRICOS
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ENLACE 0-GLICOSÍDICO
DICARBONÍLICO
MONOCARBONÍLICO
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ENLACE 0-GLICOSÍDICO (Dirección del enlace)
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DISACÁRIDOS
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HOMOPOLISACÁRIDOS
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Glucógeno (partículas densas) almacenado encélula hepática. Almacenamiento asociado contúbulos del REL. Se observan mitocondrias
QUITINA
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RESUMEN DE LAS FÓRMULAS DE HOMOPOLISACÁRIDOS
EJEMPLO DE HETEROPOLISACÁRIDO
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http://ies.rayuela.mostoles.educa.madrid.org/deptos/dbiogeo/recursos/Apuntes/ApuntesBioBach2/1-Bioquimica/Glucidos.htm
http://www.bionova.org.es/biocast/tema04.htm
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HETERÓSIDOS
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REACCIÓN DE LUGOL CON ALMIDÓN
REACCIÓN DE FEHLING PARA DETECTAR AZÚCARES REDUCTORES
REACCIÓN DE TOLLENS PARA DETECTAR AZÚCARES REDUCTORES
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BIOMOLÉCULAS ORGÁNICASLÍPIDOS
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PROPIEDADES DE LOS ÁCIDOS GRASOS: SON SUSTANCIAS ANFIPÁTICAS
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Ácidos grasos T
SATURADOS
Butírico (4:0) -6°C
Caproico (6:0) -3°C
Caprílico (8:0) 17°C
Cáprico (10:0) 32°C
Láurico (12:0) 44°C
Mirístico (14:0) 54°C
Palmítico (16:0) 63°C
Esteárico (18:0) 69°C
Araquídico (20:0) 77°C
Lignocérico (24:0) 84°C
INSATURADOS (cis)
Monoinsaturados
Miristoleico (14:1Δ9) -4°C
Palmitoleico (16:1Δ9) 1°C
Oleico (18:1Δ9) 13°C
Poliinsaturados
Linoleico (18:2Δ9,12) -5°C
α-Linolénico (18:3Δ9,12,15) -11°C
Araquidónico (20:4Δ5,8,11,14) -50°CPROPIEDADES DE LOS ÁCIDOS GRASOS: PUNTO DE FUSIÓN
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Propiedades de los ácidos grasos: Reactividad
• CON ÁLCALIS
• CON ALCOHOLES
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LÍPIDOS SAPONÍFICABLES
REACCIÓN DE SAPONIFICACIÓN
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SAPONIFICACIÓN DE TRIACILGLICÉRIDOS
HIDRÓLISIS DE TRIACILGLICÉRIDOS
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LÍPIDOS DE MENBRANA
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LÍPIDOS NO SAPONÍFICABLES
NO PRODUCEN REACCIÓN DE SAPONIFICACIÓN
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http://ies.rayuela.mostoles.educa.madrid.org/deptos/dbiogeo/recursos/Apuntes/ApuntesBioBach2/1-Bioquimica/Lipidos.htm
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