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Obituaries

FERNANDO ORTIZ1881-1969ON F ERN AN DO ORTIZ, a pioneer inD fro-American studies, died in Havanaon Apr il 1 1 , 1969. Coming a t a t ime whenthe subject to which he ha d devoted th egreater part of his long and very productivelife had gained wide attentio n, his death wasa great loss.Ort iz was born in Havana on July 16,

1881, of a Spanish father and a Cubanmother. He was educated at Menorca, Bar-celona, and Madrid in Spain, and at Ha-vana, Cuba, receiving his third doctorate inlaw in 1906; meanwhile he served as Cubasconsular representative in Italy and Spain.After two years as Public Prosecutor in Ha-vana, he became Professor of Publ ic Law a tthe University of Havana. In 1916 he re-signed, having been elected to a seven-yearterm in the Cuban House of Representa-tives.His legal background is evident in his

early works. Los Negros Brujos (1906),with a preface by CCsar Lombroso, carriesthe subt i t le Apuntes para un Estudio deEtnologia Criminal. His informants, prisonconvicts, were not those usually used by an-thropologists; yet he was able to elicit fromthem a great deal of information aboutAfro-Cuban beliefs and customs. In thisvery early work he correctly identified theYoruba of Nigeria as a major influence onAfro-Cuban religion; but he was limited byhis African sources: Ellis, Bouche, Burton,and Bowen. Errors in fact were usuallytheirs, not his.Following this book came Los NegrosEsclavos ( 19 16), Los Cabildos A frocubanos(1921), Historia de la Arqueologfa Indo-cubana ( 1923), Glosario de Afronegrismos( 1924), Contrapunteo Cubano del Tabacoy el Azlicar (1940, republished in an Eng-lish translation), and many other publica-tions including his prdlogo to Sacos monu-mental Historia de la Esclavitud (1938).Despite suffering a detached retina in 1941,Ortiz continued his prolific record: LasCuatro Cufturas lndias de Cuba (1943),El Engaiio de las Razas ( 1945), El Huracan,su Mitologia y sus Simbolos ( 1947), a largetwo-volume work published under two titles,La Africania de la Mhica Folkldrica deCuba (1950) and Los Bailes y el Teatro de10s Negros en el Folklore de Cuba (1951),and finally e five-volume study of Los Zn-strurnentos de la Mlisica Afrocubana (1952-1955).As his studies progressed, his interests be-gan to shift from criminal anthropology toethnology, and his knowledge of Africa ex-panded greatly. One has only to look at hislast bibliography (1955:453-478) to seehow widely h e had carried his search for thesources of African retent ions in Cuba . Thisextension of his search was m ade possible bythe private library he developed to supple-ment the resources available in Cuba.

I t is unfo rtunate that O rtiz was never able816

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0 ittraries 817to d o f i e ldwork in Africa h imself ; hopeful lyhis pr incipal successor in Afro-Cuban s tud-ies, Ly d i a Ca b r e r a , ma y h a v e t h e o p p o r t u -n i t y t o do so. S h e is con t inu ing their w o r kf r o m h e r n e w h o me i n Co r a l Ga b l e s , F l o r -i d a ; a n d I a m i n de b te d t o h e r f o r m a n y o fthese da te s and da ta .For more than th i r ty yea r s Or t i z was thed i rec to r o f the Revista Bimestre Cubana. Hewa s a m o n g t h e f o u n d e rs of t h e Ac a d e mi a d ela His to r i a de Cuba , Soc iedad de l Fo lk lo reCubano , Ins t i tuc i6n Hispano-Cubana deCul tu ra , Soc iedad de Es tud ios Af rocubanos ,a n d t h e S o c ie d ad E c o n 6 mi c a d e Am i g o s d ePais , whic h he served as i t s pres ident .

As a m a n , Don Ferna ndo h ad a l l the e le -gance and e rud i t ion o f a gen t l eman of hisepoch. He was gen t l e , bu t cou ld be f i rmwh en necessa ry; and amo ng f r i ends he re-vealed a keen sense of humor. He w a s re-spected by a g r e a t ma n y s c h o l ar s i n Eu r o p ea n d La t i n Ame r i c a , a n d b y t ho s e i n th eUn i t e d S t a t e s wh o we r e c o n c e r n e d wi t hAf ro -Am er ican s tud ies . H is ded ica t ion to h isstudies won h im the admira t ion o f h i s co l -leagues and th e devot ion of h is s tudents; andCu b a n s a l wa y s l o o k e d u p t o h i m a s t h e u n -ques tioned l eade r in A f ro -Cu ban s tud ies. Hewil l be great ly missed by a l l those who hadthe privilege of knowing h im pe r sona lly andb y t h o s e wh o , n o w a n d i n t h e f u t u r e , c o m eto appre cia te h is scholar ly contr ibutions .WILLIAM ASCOMUniversity of Californ ia, Berkeley

BIBLIOGRAPHY O F FERNAN DO ORTIZ189519011905

Principi y prostes. Ciudadela: ImprentaFabrega.Base para un estudio sobre la llamdareparaci6n civil. Madrid.Las simpatias de Italia por 10s mambisescubanos; documentos para la historia de laindependencia de Cuba. Marsella.Hampa afro-cubana. Los negros brujos;apuntes para un estudio de etnologia criminal.Madrid: Libr. de F. F6 .1906b Superstizioni criminose in Cuba. To-rino.1908 Pa ra la agronografia espaiiola. Estudiomongrhfico de las fiestas menorquinas. Ha-vana.Los mambises italianos; apuntes para la

1906a

1909

historia cubana. Havana: Imprenta Cuba yAmCrica.1910a El caballero encantado y la mujer es-quiva.1910b Las rebeliones afro-cubanos. Havana.191 1 La reconquista de Am Crica; reflexionessobre el panhispanismo. Paris: P. Ollendorf.19 13a En tre cubanos; psicologia tropical.Paris: P. Ollendorf.19 13b La identificacibn dactilosc6pica. In-forrne de policiologia y de derecho pGblicoseguido de las instrucciones tCcnicas para laprictica de la identificacion y del decretoorghico no. 1,173 de 1911. Havana: Im-prenta L a Universal.1914a El origen antiguo de la dactiloscopia.Torino.1914b Seamos hoy como fueron ayer. H a-vana: Imprento La Universal.1915 La filosofia penal de 10s espiritistas; es-tudio de filosofia juridica. Ha van a: Im pren ta

La Universal.1916 Ham pa afro-cubana. Los negros esclavos;estudio soci6logico y de derecho p6blico. Re-vista Bimestre Cubana 11.1917a Bases para la organizacih interna-cional de la solidaridad de 10s Estados antela delincuencia. Havana: Imprenta La Uni-versal.1917b Ha mp a afro-cubana. 2nd edition.1917c Italia y Cuba. Cornit6 cubano pro1917d Program a de Derecho Penal.1918a Discurso sobre el proyecto de leyacerca del servicio militar obligatorio: sus

aspectos politico y diplomtitico, pron unciadoen la sesi6n celebrada el 11 de julio de 1918,en la Chmara de Representantes. Havana:Imprenta de Ruiz.La crisis politica cubana; sus causas yremedios. Havan a: Imp renta La U niversal.Las fases de la evoluci6n religiosa. Ha-vana: Tip. Moderna.Cuba en la paz de Versalles; discursopronunciado en la CQ ma ra de Representantesen la sesion del 4 de febrero de 1920. Ha-vana: Imprenta La Universidad.1920b La fiesta afro-cubana del Dia deReyes. Havana.192 1 Los cabildos afrocubanos. Havana.1922 Historia de la arqueologia indocubana.Havana: Imprenta El Siglo XX.1923a Un catauro d e cubanismos; apuntes lex-icogrbficos. Havan a.1923b En la tribuna, discursos cubanos; re-copilaci6n y pr61. por Ruben Martinez Vi-Ilena. Havana: Impre nta El Siglo XX.La cocina afrocubana. Revista BimestreCubana 18:40 -423.

Italia.

1918b19191920a

1923c

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Obituaries 8191955c La guitarra y 10s negros. CuadernosAmericanos 14 : 162-168.1956 La zambomba, su carkcter social y suetimologia. In Estudios antropol6gicos pub-licados en homenaje a1 doctor ManuelGamio. Mexico. pp. 409-423.Historia de una pelea cubana contra 10s

demonios. Universidad de las Villas.1960

PAUL DAVID P A W III1938-1968HE D E A T H OF Paul David Pavy 111o nT Nov. 12, 1968, in Seattle, Washington,occasioned a shock that was more than sor-

row among his friends and colleagues at theUniversity of Washington, Tulane, Harvardand elsewhere. Th e loss to the anthropologi-cal profession must remain incalculable butis certainly very great-the loss of a brilliantyoung professional just beginning to contrib-ute vitally to his science and fu ll of a restlessand expansive promise for a scientific matu-rity just daw ning.

Dr. Pavy took much from anthropology.Born to the cul tural contradict ions of theplantat ion South in St . Land ry Parish, Loui-siana, with a bent at once scientific and po-etic, he found anthropology after a bache-lors degree in zoology at Louisiana StateUniversity (1960), and his years at Tulane(1960-1964) were years of passionate ex-plorat ion of the field accompanied by whole-sale ingestion of wide ranges of outsideknowledge-literary, philosophical, an d sci-entific. His anthropology was rigorous butencompassing, and he seemed to find in it abase for the ardent, almost driven, lust forlearning and experience that was central tohis character.But i f he took much, he also returned it .His field research began in Colombia in1962 and among the Louisiana Koasat i in1963, thou gh a n even earlier familiarity withthe Dominican Republic was an importantback grou nd to these experiences. D urin g thelast four years of his life, research took himto Berkeley, back to Colombia, and then tothe Department of Psychiatry at Harvard(1966-1968). He was a first-rate fieldworker and produced a great volume ofnotes on the widest range of western Colom-bian ethnograph y, only p arts of which couldbe incorporated into his dissertation on TheN e g r o in Western Colombia (1966). H efound time to publish on folklore, ethnohis-tory, and schizophrenic speech, and left anumber of completed but unpublished pa-pers pending at the time of his death. A stillrich er harvest lies ungathered in his notes.

For many of us who knew David Pavywell, there was something demonic in hissuicide. He had begun teaching full time atWashington in the fall of 1968, but even be-fore that time he seemed to find himself inthe grip of dark and depressing feelings.Even at that it seemed and still seems in-credible that the forces of darkness wouldthus overwhelm a man whose personal de-mon drove him to so passionate and hungrya love of life. He is survived by his wife,Holley, and three children, Paul, Manon,and Nicole. He leaves behind the solid first