Basho - Phùng Hoài Ngọc

7/28/2019 Basho - Phng Hoi Ngc

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Phng Hoi Ngc

Dch v bin son

TH HAIKU BASHO

Ti liu dnh cho hc sinh, sinh vin,

gio vin Ngvn v bnc yu thch th haiku

NH XUT BN VN HA VN NGH TP.H CH MINH

HI LIN HIP VN HC NGH THUT AN GIANG

2011

TRI N

Bin gi trn trng cmn cc tc gicanhng sng tc sdng trong tp ti liu ny.

Cmn chu ti, ks cng ngh thng tin L Trung Kin gitpthgctth Tokyo v cho bin gi.

Cm t cc ng nghip khoa Ngoi ng v Khoa Ng vn i hc An Giang phn bin gp v nghim

thu Ti liu.

Cn bt

Phng Hoi Ngc

achlin lc

Email: [email protected]

D: 0918 130 461

NR: 0763 843382

Basho haikus hutAn unnamed poet

Come in, come in !There are haiku to be read and stories to tell.

Let us share some tea,a few quiet moments,and take some time just toreflect on things.Youll also find directions (links) to other haiku sitesfurther down this lonely road,but you dont have to hasten along,the stars are shining through the pines,the crickets are singing, and look, isnt that a firefly ?

Ci lu th haiku ca BashoTc gi khuyt danh

Xin mi vo yC nhiu bi haiku c v nhng cu chuynk.Chng ta hy cng chia snhng tch trtrong nhng pht giy yn tnhv b cht thi gian lm sng ln bao iu.Bncngs tm ra nhnggi dnncc bi haiku khc cui con ng c n ny.
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Nhngbn khng cnvi vng lm chi,nhng ngi sao anglp lnh trn cnh tng bch,nhng ch dang ca ht v hy nhn xem,

chngphinhng con ommy sao !(Phng Hoi Ngc dch)

(Hai thy tr Basho v Sora trn ngi Oku)

Haiku(ting Nht:, bi c) l loithcocaNht Bn,btngunt ba cu u(gi lhokku,

pht c) ca bi renga ( lin ca) c tnh tro phng. Th lin ca nguyn vn l, renga no

haikaisau gitt l haikai bi hi).Thth haiku ra i vo thk 17, pht trinmnh vo thik Edo (1603 1867) khi n phai nht isc

thi tro phng m mang m hng su thmcaThin tng.Thins thi slilc Matsuo Basho ctha

nhn l ngi khai sinh ra haiku v Yosa Buson, Masaoka Shiki hon thin n didinmo ngy nay.

Shikki t tn gihaiku.yhn l ththngnnhtthgii,mi bi haiku chvnvn 17m tittrong 3 nhp 5+7+5 (17 m tit

tingNht c khi chvi ba t t i, 3 cu trong c php haiku cngthngcvit thnh mt dng, dc

xung).Chnghn bi thconchniting sau yca Matsuo Bash trong tpXun nht(Haru no hi,

1686) vit chung vi, c c php 5+7+5 m tit: Furuikeya Kawazu tobikomu

Mizu no otoAo cCon chnhy vovang tingnc xao

(Nht Chiu dch)Vi dn tcNhtBn, haiku c xem nh tinh hoa vnchngcavn ha dn tc.Di gc nhn ca

Thin tng, haiku l ththcbit c th hm chacthctinhimmu trong vnvn 17 m tit, su

lng v uyn thm, linsgind,nhiu khi tr thnh phngtinhuhiutruyntimt cng n cc

mn sinh tu tpThin.Chcath haiku thngtimn sau khung cnhbn ma.fag
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Nh%E1%BA%ADthttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Nh%E1%BA%ADthttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Nh%E1%BA%ADthttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%E1%BA%ADt_B%E1%BA%A3nhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%E1%BA%ADt_B%E1%BA%A3nhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%E1%BA%ADt_B%E1%BA%A3nhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1603&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1867&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%E1%BB%81n_t%C3%B4nghttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%E1%BB%81n_t%C3%B4nghttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%E1%BB%81n_t%C3%B4nghttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuo_Bashohttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yosa_Busonhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Masaoka_Shiki&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFt&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFt&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFt&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_%C3%A1nhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_%C3%A1nhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%82m_ti%E1%BA%BFt&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Masaoka_Shiki&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yosa_Busonhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuo_Bashohttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%E1%BB%81n_t%C3%B4nghttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1867&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1603&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%E1%BA%ADt_B%E1%BA%A3nhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Nh%E1%BA%ADt


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Tranh: Basho v cy chui(TingNht basho ngha l cy chui)

4 nh th haiku tiu biu ca Nht Bn

Matsuo Basho () (1644 1694)Yosa Buson () (1716 1784)Kobayashi Issa () (1763 1828?)Masaoka Shiki () (1867 1902)

Tc phm ca thi s thin s Matsuo Basho

5 tp nht k1. Nazarashi kiko (Nht k gi mangni)2. Kashima kiko (Kashima nht k)3. Sarashina kiko (Sarasshina nht k)4. Oku no hosomichi (Nong su thm ln min Oku)5. Genjuan no kiko (Huyn tr am chi k)7 tp th

Nhng bi th haiku ri rc trong 5 tpvn v mts bi khc c in thnh 7 tp th(Basho thtbtp)gm :1. Ngy ng2. Ngy xun3. Hoang d4. Buru

5. o rm cho kh6. Ti ng than7. Tipni o rm cho kh.(theo ti liucaNht Chiu)

Matsuo Basho(1644-1694)

LI GII THIUPGS.TS.Luc Trung

Nguyn ging vin Khoa Ng vn HSP H Ni,ch nhim cu lc b th haiku Tp H ChMinh

Giithiu tc phmln lao camt tr tu uyn thm Matsuo Basho (1644- 1694) changmtnnvnho lu icatnc Ph Tang tht khng d dng ivi ti. D sao ti cngcvt qua shiubit

nng cnca mnh by ttm lng ngngmivi thi ho.No ng su thm ln min Oku l nht k hnh trnh kthpgiatnvn v th.Trc Basho cng c Nht k Tosa (Tosa nikki) ca Kino Tsurayuki (868 945). Tc giklicuc hnh

trnh ca mnh t Kyoto ln Tosa nhnchcTrnth.Cunth hai, Nht k m mi su (Izayoi nikki)


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camt ni c tn l Atbusu, khng r ngy sinh chbit l mtnm 1283. Cun sch ghi licuc hnh trnh

ca tc git Kyoto n Kamakura v tr ngtiy trong bnnmtri.Nht k Tosagm 57 bi vit theo thon ca (tanka), Nht k m mi sugm 116 bi cng theo th

on ca. Hai tc phm ny t lintng g tht su sc trong lchsvnhcNhtBn.Sau khi No ng su thm ln min Oku ra i, ti nngca Basho vthn hai bctinbica mnh,

tc phmca ng tr thnh mtkit tc trong vnhccinNhtBn. Tc phmtri qua bao thiivnc trn trng gn gi.NgiNht xem nh l mtbovt trong nnvnchngcatnc. C

c gi trln lao l do Basho athth haiku do mnh sng to xen ln vo gianhngonvn

xui (haibun) lm cho tc phmtr nn sngng, giu chttr tnh thu ht cngicthucnhiuth

h.Cunnht k hnh trnh ny c Basho btu ghi chp tnm 1689 trn ngt Edo ln min Oku.

Oku l mint cn hoang s, b himtn pha ngbctnc. ng bit con ng chng gai ngn

vndmsemli cho ng bao ni gian trun nguy himsngcht khng lngtrcc, nhng v

kht vngcuiimunthc hin trnvnmng lng du nn ng dn thn vo con ng mn nhhp su

thm t ai i, t ai n ny.ng itringhim, ho nhp vo ci thgiivnhcu, ci thgii mnh mng, v hn, ci thgi

m con ngi v vnvt cng sinh sng, cng tnti.Vichicgy trong tay, ci b bn hng, chic nn trn

u,vii hi c ng cng mtca mnh tro o,vtsui,ib lang thang trn minong,

vaiva ghi chp va lm th. Nhng bi th haiku csc trong tpnht k ny xuthin trong nhng

khonhkhc ng nhn thy, nghe thy, ng cm xc mtcnh thin nhin ml,nhng ngi chac knh,

thm u, mt tp lu tranh x xc, mt cnh hoa rcr ven ng.mt nng phu gp trn ng,mt con b

di chn ng u ghi li.Th haiku l mtththccngn, khng qu 17 m tit, n gingnhmtbc tranh thymcngin

m su lng.Nhng bi th haiku minh ha cho nhngonvn xui trong tc phm lm sng chi tm

hn cao pca ng trong ccuc hnh trnh.Khi bc chn n Matsushima (Tng o) ng ng ngng trccnhp m ngi ta truyntngt

lu. Mtcnhpsulngtanh khun mtcamnhn.Trccnhp ng khng cn li no ca ngi,chbittht ln mtt Matsushima lpilplimt cch ho hng m thnh cu th.Matsushima yaA Matsushima yaMatsushima ya

Basho l nh thcabn ma XunH Thung, ma no cnggi cho ng mtcm xc giao

ho. Mt ngy thu, trn ngi ng gh thm tp lucca Saito Issen. Ch nhn mi khch vo lu

thngthc ci mt mca gi thu, qun i ci nng cn rtli trong nhng ngy chm thu. Ch cn mi

khch ngixungtgtly tri cy thngthc.Trccnh thu v tnh ngi, Basho ng tc cu th haiku sau :

Aki suzushiTegoto ni muke yaUri nasubiu thu gi mt mi bn tay gt vC tm v da gang(Luc Trung dch)

Sau chngngi kh mtnhcc ho mnh vo khng kh mt mca ma thu v ci m p ca

tnh ngi lm cho Basho thm phnchntiptccuc hnh trnh.


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Basho cho rngvnvt trong vtru c mitng giao, bnh ngnh nhau, ho hpvi nhau tn

ti, Tagore, nh thlncansng sau Basho hng trmnmcngthhin quan nim trong bi

th sau y :Trong sn chu v trChic l c bnh thng

Cng ngi chung mt thmVi nh sng mt tri v sao sng trong m(Bi 74Ngi lm vn)

Trn ngnsuinc nng Naruso gp gi bo Basho gh vo mttrm gc bin phng xin ngtr,

chng khng thcs yn thn lm, trong m nghe tingngai, ng lm bi th sau :Gi u nm ngChy b quy ryBn ngoi nga i(Luc Trung dch)

Basho cmnhn ng angtnti cng vichyb, cng vitingngai trong m khuya khot.Ch

c nh thbit yu qu, trn trngcucsngmitht ra cnhngli ni bnh dnhvy.DchNo ng su thm ln min Okul mt cng vic kh khn,dchgi Donald Keen khi dch tc phm

ny ra ting Anh cng by t ci kh khnca ring ng. Ngay ngiNhtmunchuyndch nguyn tc

tingNhtc ra tingNhthinicng khng phid dng. Dubitgpnhiu kh khn trong vicdch

thut tc phmnhng do lng yu thch vnhc,dchgi Phng Hoi Ngccgng nghin cuchnlct

ngdch tc phmc thng thot.Ti xin trn trnggiithiudchphm ny vi qu bnc.

Tp. H Ch Minh ngy 25 thng 11 nm 2007LT

Li dch gi bnting Anh The Narrow Road to OkuGio s Donald Keene(Phng Hoi Ngcdch)

Matsuo Basho sinh nm 1644 tithtrn Ueno tnh Iga. Gia nh ng thuctnglp v ssamurai, ngcp

thp trong gii qu tc nn mtsngi trong gia nh ng hnh nhchnngh lm rungkimsng.

Dng di samurai cngtoiukin cho Basho thpvim con ci ca cc nh qu tc trong vng, thnh

vin ca dng h Todo sng trong mt lu i. C th,nhmtsdpthhin ti nng m Basho c con

ngdn vo cc mi quan hvih. Basho kt thn vi Todo Yoshitada (Sengin) cu b lnhn Basho

hai tui, cho Bahsho cng tipnhnshunluynvntht ng thy Kitamura Kigin nitingv thi ca v

ph bnh nghthut.Bi haiku cbitsm nhtca Basho sng tc nm 1662 khi ng 18 tui. Bi th ni v giai on

ng dng ci bt danh u tin l Sobo. Nhphnlnvnnghskctrit gia thi, Basho cbit quanhiu bt danh khc nhau trong sutcuci. Bt danh nitingnht l Bashopht sinh tmtth cy

trong vn nh ng: nm 1861 khi ng di chuynnmt khu vc u m mmca thnh ph Edo, ng

trngmt cy chuicithinbmtca ci vn. Cy basho l mtloithucgingchui khng c tri

(#)nhngli c nghacbitivi nh th:nhngphin l xanh rnglnca n rtdb gi x rch

tm,mtbiutng r nt ivicm xc ca thi nhn. Du khch btucpnaimBashoam

(ci lu tu ca Basho c cy chui) m trc kh lu ng ly tn cho mnh.
http://giangnamlangtu.wordpress.com/2011/07/06/th%C6%A1-haiku-basho/#_ftn1http://giangnamlangtu.wordpress.com/2011/07/06/th%C6%A1-haiku-basho/#_ftn1


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Basho lnu tin nsng Edo (sau ny l Tokyo) nm 1672. Khng r v sao ng chn thnh ph

ny. C l ng cmthymtchi hnh thnh phong cch mt thnh phmitthn l nhng thnh

phnh Kyoto hoc Osaka- ni c nhngcucua tranh ln lao canhng nh th chuyn nghip m n

khin Basho mtmynmi tm trng phi th haiku ca ring ng. Vickhngnhtrng phi th l cn

thit khng chv nhu cutng thm slng nh th v gi gn phong cch nghthut thi ca m cn v ng

l mtthy gio, ng sda vo s gip ca cc hc tr v ti chnh v nhngtr gip khc. Ngay phnmutpvnOku no Hosomichi, ng nhcnvicchuynn ngi lng ca Sugiyama Sampu, mt

thng gia giu c, ti xc nhn lm mtngibotr ho phng cho Basho khi ng cntinbc.Nm

1680 Basho xutbnmttuyntpthca mnh vit cho tr em hc sinh, mtduhiuchngt phong cch

sng tc ca ng xc lpchcchn.Nm 1684 Basho khi hnh chuyni,chi cho tpvnu tin trong b 5 tp.Tpvn ny ng

mtctmc trong nghnghipca ng. Mcchb ngoi cachuyni l by t knh trngivi ngi m

m, b cht Ueno nmtrc,nhng (v ng khng ngtrc)stringhim trong chuyniskhingun

cmhng cho nhiu bi th.Nhngchuynithmnhiu thnh phthtrn khc nhau lm cho trng

phi th haiku ca ng tr nn quen thuchnvinhiungi, v li ko cc nh th haiku trc hi

nhpvinhngtrng phi khc.Trong 5 tpnht k hnh trnh miu tnhngchuyni,tpcui cng

lOku no Hosomichivitnm 1689 khng chl tpvnchng hay nhtca ng m cn c coi l tp

vnmumccannvnhccinNht.MingiNhttnghc trung hcu t nhtcnhng

on trch t tc phm ny, v cn c hnmttrmcun sch c bin sonnhm gip ngi cvt

qua nhng kh khnhiuc phong cch Basho. C nhngbndch sang nhiu ngn ng chu u, mt

sbndch trong rt hay, vt qua cs kh khn trong vic khi qut cphmcht c tnh thi ca

v vnchngNhtBn.Huht cc tc phmvnchngNhturt kh chuynng, ngay cvinhngngi c kh

nngnmvng ngn ng. Xin dn ra hai v dthng xuyn bucngidchphibnbchung:ting

Nhtthius phn bitst v snhiu,lnln giaxcnh v khng xc nh, do dchgiphi

quytnh xem thc ra tc gi c g. Nu tc gi cn sng,ho may ng ta c th gip c,nhngcng

chachc. C ln ti angdch cu Midori iro no sutokkinguca tc gi Abe Kobo, ti hi ng ta cu vn nyl mt hay nhiu ci bt tt mu xanh?, ng ta chmmci v borng l viccangidch, khng

phica ng.Vn kh khn khi dchmt tc phmvnhccinnhOku no Hosomichi cn phctphn.

Vnu tin l dch ci ta. Cu Oku no Hosomichixuthinmtln trong onvnkano ezu ni

makasete tadoriyukaba, oku no horomichi no yamagiwa nitofu no suge ari.Mt cu dchrt st ngha,s l:

Khi (chng ti) l bc v pha trc, i theo bc s ni trn, dc theo ra dy n iranhgiicon ng

hp i Okuci ra ni 10 si lau sy.cting Anh th cu vn trn khng gi ra nhiucm gic. Nhcnra ni 10 si lau sy l c

bitrcribi v lau sy khng mc thnh bi 10 cy (hocmt con s khc).iumun ni l ci ra dc

theo ra ni l khng ngha;ngi ta muncbitrng cy lau symc ln ,hoc l n cgt

hi ,nhngc khi thm ni dung vo onvn th vn khng r rng cy lau syymc ra ni haydc theo chnh con ng. V nub qua tranhgii,tc l n khng xuthin trong vnbn th cc quan

h trong ba yut:ra ni, con ng hp v cy lau sytr nn mhhn. Sau na,vnbngc khng xc

nh r chngca cu ny- ai ang l bcv pha trc (!?).ivingiNht,vndchOku no HosomichittingNhtc ra tingNhthinihunh

cng kh khnnhvicdch n sang cc ngn ng chu u.y l bndch sang ting Anh, c th th thin

t nhiu so vimt cu tingNhthini:Khi chng ti i b theo bn s m Kaemon v gip, nhn


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thy c mt con ng hp gi l Oku no Hosomichi. Dc theo m ni ca con ng, mi si lau ni ting

t trong th c ang mc ln.Cu vndch ny chchn r rng hnbntingNhthinidchtbngc,nhngnu ai nhn

libngcsthy ngay rngs minh bchtctphi ph hu ci pcalivn Basho. Chcchn

rng nh th khng vitnitingt trong thc. ng cng tin chcrngcgi (khng phicgi hm

nay) s quen vivicandt th thin (10 tmli thnh mt pha) to ra ci ra thngcnhcn trongthc.

Nhng hy quay li cu hi ban u:dch ci tanhth no ? Trcy ti tngt tn tc

phm l The Narrow Road of Okumt cch an ton nhngbndchvncha r rng. Basho tt nhin c

ni v con ngnhng khng chcon ng(nghahp)vnrt kh hnh dung trong tc phm.The Narrow

Road into Oku nghe c v kh hn,ng nhm vo ninca Basho l Oku- mt ci tn chung chphn

tn cng minBccao Honshu. Okuli c ngha l bn trong, bn trong b n v nghny cngrt

ph hp, v c hai ngha, va l th chra rngcucl hnh ca Basho sa ng nphnt su b n

bn trong catnc,v tu t th gi ra rng hnh trnh ca ng chngphichi su vo bn trong thgii

(vtcht khch quanND) m c thhiu l i vo thgiinghthutthhaiku. Chng ti chng bao gi

bit rng ci no thucvnhng t Basho ngh; c l ng nhm vo ttc.S kh khn khi dch ci ta

l mt v din hnh.Btchpnhng kh khn,Oku no Hosomichi chngnhngc cc hc gi(nhngngi

thch th nhngkinthc thi ca b him) yu thch m cn cnhngngicrt bnh thng,thm ch khi

h khng hiungha10si lau sy l g hochiu theo cch no .Stnmn cao ca cu vn xui

gy ra kh khn cho cginuthiungi bnh gii,tithiu l trong lncu tin, nhng n cngto

cho tc phmshuyndiucand thi ca.Vicdchnhng bi th haiku ri rc khp trong tc phm cn kh hndchnhng cu vn xui. Bi v

bi th haiku rtngn,chc 17 m titkttc cc t, v cn c s tin cy cao vo nhnggi . Trong

nhngcunnht k hnh trnh ca Basho, livn xui nhiu khi gip chr nghaca bi th haiku, tuy nhin

cng c sangha. Bi thu tin ca nht k ConnghpiOkucbit kh dch:

Kusa no to moSumikawaru yo zoHina no ie. Mtbndch st ngha c th l :Mtlatui trong ngichcn nh tranh c thay i-mt ngi nh bp b.

Khng ai c thon ra nghatbndchnhth. Bi th nguyn tc hunhrt kh hiu,nhng

mt khi nghacgii thch, d mang tnh vn xui th no, ngi ta vn khm phc ci ngn ngtitkim

ca Basho. Nh chng ta bit qua vn xui Basho, ng spsarikhi ni tr ng bnh thng(luc)ni

ng sng qua mtthi gian. Ngichmi, khc vi Basho, ng ta c mt gia nh v tnh chtcacn

nh s thay ivingichmi: Ngy 3 thng Ba ngi nh c trang tr vimt hng bp b tng chocon gi nhn ngy Hi con gi

Chngphittcth haiku u kh hiu,nhng c bi tht kh m a ra mtlidch thch ng.

Mt khc, cc bi haiku nm trong tpvnOku no Hosomichithucvnhng bi th hay nhtca Basho.

Phnlnnhng bi th khng thny sinh trong u Basho chnh xc nguyn dngnh chng xuthin

trong mt tc phm hon chnh.VnbnOku no Hosomichi m chng ti c trong tay khng phi do chnh

Basho vit xong 5 nm sau kt khi ng quay trvt Oku, v chng ti bit c nhiudbn,cbitivi


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nhng bi th haiku (trong tpnht k). ng xem li tc phmnhiulnmt cch chcchntrc khi n

ttinhvnbnhin nay.Trong mtcunnht k hnh trnh smnhtca Bahso Hnh trnh iSarashina c mtcnh hi

hcmt nh tr,ni Basho sau mt ngy l hnh angcgnghin thnh bi haiku. Mt tu sgi tng

quan st Basho khi ng aubnh kh nng cho rng ng churtnhiubthnh v cgngt an i mnh

vinnglchuyndiucacPht A di .Ktqu l, Basho bo chng ti, scmnh thi ca ca ng bbtc hon ton.Chng trch bao nhiu li rn rkm theo s sng tc v nghinngmtrntrvth haiku

bcl trong tpOku no Hosomichi.Smnmln lao tpvn ny tuthucrtnhiu vo sa thch nhng bi th haiku trong ,

nhnglivn xui cngc ca ngi khng t. Phnmu v cc phntnhngchuynthmca Bahso

n Matsushima v Kisakata l nhngon hay cbitni tingvingic, cn nhiuon khc hu

nhup.Nhngonvn khc mc khim tnhn. Basho khi quan st truynthng

threnga (lin ca) bao gmnhngon m chtth r rng km hnthchocmi,dngnh trnh

lm kitqu vnbnvimtlotonvnngnnhnhng vin ngc khng thpv.nhiuthktri qua, mt trong nhng nguyn nhn khinngiNhti du lch l ingm

nhngbcth php vitth v nhngnicnhcti trong th ca v nguyn nhn ny chccng l l

do r rng khin Basho lm nhngchuynl hnh di.iu ny gii thch v sao i khi ng phii vng

qung ng di ngmcnhngni m nhiungi khc thb qua ci bicnhchtthca n

bi v hchngthy g th v. Basho ghi chp miu t vnhngni ng nthm, khng chnhngning

nh v c truynthuythoc bi thc lin quan n chng, iu ny nlt n li li cunc v s

ngiNht(kcnginc khc) i du ngon v ngm chng bng chnh mt mnh.Basho ghi chp rt t v Sora ngibnng hnh trong gnsutchuyni, ng cng khng nhc

n tn thchocnghnghipca mnh hoc l do no khin ng i lang thang, gy cmhng cho ng

lm cucl hnh di lu m thnhthongphichungniaun trn ng. Tuy vy ng vn gin tip

k cho chng ta kh nhiuvbn thn, v r rng bc chn dung thoca Basho cngxuthin trong Oku

no Hosomichi c th l l do hpdnnht cho s hm m tc phm ny.

Tt nhin Bahso c cm gic cao vivpca thin nhin nhng ng cn miu trtnngnhitnhng con ngi ng gp trn ngi, v cnhng con ngi qu vng, khng t hn con ngihin

ti,nhngngi qu cvn lun lun sngvi ng. Nhngntngca ng d c miu t trong th

hay vn xui u c khnngvtthi gian.Mc d nhiu phong cnh trong s cc bc tranh phong cnhc Bahso miu tththuyndiu

bbindng trong nhngnmgny th vpca chng vnsng trong tpvnOku no Hosomichi v s

tiptckhuyng cc thhtng lai vi ham muni cng Basho trn cucl hnh ca ng vo ci su

thmcathgiith.(BndchtingVit: Phng Hoi Ngc)

&


9/73

Basho trn ng i v vng Oku (ng bc)Tpvnth No ng su thm ln min Oku.Nguyn vnchNht:Phin m la tinh: Oku no Hosomichi

Ti liugc do Nh xutbn: Kodansha International Ltd, 1996 n hnh.Donald Keene dch sang ting Anh l The Narrow Road to OkuDonald Keenesinh nm 1922 New York, nh nghin cuvnhcNhtBnM, gio sihc Columbia,

ng giithiu v ph bnh vnhcNhtrt su sc.T bo Yomiuni trao tnggiithngKikichikan cho

nhng tc phmnitingca ng nhNgil khch trmnm v LchsvnhcNhtBn.PHN.

Matsuo BashoNo ng su thm ln min Oku

(Oku no Hosomichi)

Thng v ngy l nhngl khch ca mun i.Nmmin v i l nhngchuynidngdc.

Nhngngi m cucsngcah tri niy trn con thuynhoc trn lngngac mi mi du hnh,

v ngi nh cah l btcniuhnnghchn. Rtnhiungi gi trong shcht trn ngi,

v ti cngtrinhiunm qua chuskhuyngcanhngm my c n tri dtvicn gi v nhng

suy t lin min rong rui.Nm ngoi ti lang thang dc theo nhng vng duyn hi,n ma thu ti quay licn nh tranh ca

mnh bn b sng v qut schmngnhn.Dn dnnm ngoi cngngli. Khi ma xun n v sng

m dy cbutri, ti nghnvicvt qua cai Shirakawa tin vo vng Oku ni rngngbc.

Ti dngnhbchngbi cc vThn-lang-thang v huchimlnhcm xc ca ti. Cc vThn-bo-

v-trn-ng th vy tay gi v ti khng th yn tm vo cng vic g.Ti khu v linhngchicqun v thay dy buc trn chic nn tre.tngcngsckhoichn, ti moxat hai ugi (#). Lc y ti chngnghg khc hn l mong ngng cngmvngtrng

Matsushita. Khi ti bn cn nh tranh v dinnh nh Sampu ch ln ng, ti treo bi th ny ln

cy ct trong cn nh c:Ngay c tp luci thay theo chmitr thnh ngi nh xinh

(Bi 1)ychl phnuca bi th tm dng.

Ma xun ra iTi khi hnh vo ngy 27 thng 3 *[1],butribuism m sng.Tsm,vngtrngttdn nh

sng, nhng ci nhnhnca ni Fuji (Ph s) nhn thtlngly. Ma hoa anh oangnr trn cnh cy

Ueno v Yanaka khuy ln nhng nghbun b trong ti khi thi bao gi mnh c th nhn li chng.

Nhngngibn thn thitnhtca ti t khpni ko n nh ti angvi Sampu tmtrc

tinbit ti trn thuyn.Khi ti rikhithuynmt ci bngi l Senju, nghvchuyni di lm ti xc ngmnh. Ti

ngtrc ng r chia tay vi ci thgiinathcnah,bt gic tro ra nhng dng l phn ly:
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10/73

Ma xun ra iting chim ncnmt c ly

(Bi 2)Ti di chn sau khi vitvnth ny, bi thmucuc hnh trnh, nhng ti khng th nhn thng

pha trc, v c quay li nhn nhngbnhu cn ng trn thuyn, nhn chmchm cho n khi chng tikhng thy bng dng na.

Nm nay, nmth nh cai vua Genroku *[2],mt nghbtngchtnrng ti sibsut

hnh trnh n Oku xa xi. Cngchng lo chi nu khng may chuyni qu di lm ti bc tc trn ng,bi

ti mun xem ttcnhngni ti nghe tingt lu m cha bao ginthmc. N khin ti svncm

thyhnh phc nu khng thsng m vn qu nh. Trong cuc ra i mong manh hi vngtrv, ti c

gngeouil trnh nthtrn Soka m ti nghkh tti trong ngy u ln ng.Ci aukhu tin ti chung l scnngca ti eo trn i vai gy trxng. Ti dkin

trc khi ln ng khng mang theo vt g ngoi mybqun o nhnhgiy che chkhinhngm

lnh. Sau li mang nhngthnh o chong tm, o ma, bt mc v cc linh tinh khc l qu tngca

bn m ti khng thtchi hay qungi. l nhngthphin h nngn trong chuyni v ti cng

chng lm g cvi chng na.Chng ti gh thmnth-khng-cathuc vng Cauldron. Sora bnng hnh vi ti k cu

chuyn:Vthncanth ny mnh danh l hong tca ma hoa n,ngthi l vthn ni Fuji. Ngi

ncgi l khngcakt khi nthnbc v trong tnht mnh, sau sinh ra cng cha nhla

trong ngnla b thp ln chng minh lng trung thcca mnh.iu ny gii thch v sao cc bi thv

n ny hay nhctilnkhi*[3].Niy c tclcmn mt loi c tn l konoshiro*[4].

n ngy 30 thng Ba, chng ti dnglidi chn ni Nikko. Ngich qun tr ni vi cho chng

ti: Tn ti l Pht Gozaemon. Dn chng gi ti l pht bi v ti trung thc trong mivic ti lm nmc

nubncnnghngimtm xin mithoi mi, t nhin nhnh. T m thymtvPhtxuthin trong

thgiihnlon v mc nt ny che ch cho k hnh hngkhtthc, ti quan st thi ixca ng

ch, v thyrngmc d anh y v tvngvnhngquthc anh y chn thc,nhliKhngt l khomnh,gind v ni chmnhmt con ngisp thnh bcthnh. Tri tim trong schca anh ta thtng

ngi ca.Trong ngy uca thng th 4 chng ti lm l cng ngn ni linh thing.Thixa tn cangn ni

ny l vit l Nikko, nhng khi is Kukai pht hin ra ngi ny th t tn l n Nikko hocnhmt

tri. Ti bn khonrng c phingi c th nhn sut ngn nm sau. Giy ngi n c nh sng linh

thing chiukhptnc, v nhnglicunguynchy trn khpnhng gc ho lnh xa xi nht.Bn giai

cptnglp dn sng trong ho bnh v an ninh. Nhngyvi lng ngngm ti cnphih

bt*[5] vit:ngcmphc lm saoTrn nhng l xanh non t

nh sng mttri(Bi 3)

nh ni Kurokami-yama (cn gi l Ni tc en)nhin trong sng m v tuytvntrng phau. Sora vit

bi th sau:Ti cotrcuV by gi ni Tc enn lc thay y phc*[6]
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11/73

Dng hca Sora l Kawai, tn thc l Sogoro. Anh ta lm mtcn nh cnh nh ti dinhng tu

l chui*[7], v gip kimci,lync cho ci bpca ti. Chuyni ny anh vui vhng th i cng ti

ngmcnh Matsushima v Kisakata, mt khc anh cng c chia s kh khncachuynivi ti. Buism

hm khi hnh, anh cotri tc v thay ben. Anh cngthayi tnh cch bngsi tn nh mt

ng oPht. l l do to sao anh vit bi thv Ni-tc-en. Ti cho rngtthay trang phccbit

c hiuqu.Chng ti leo tro chngmtdm ln ngn ni, nmt ci thc nc cao khongtrmthc o t

qua nhngphin hng ngn lpnh mi nh chyxungmt ci hncsclu li. Ti lch mnh vo

thchng v c th nhn thycnh thc nctng sau nn ci thc ny c mang tn Thc nhn t

sau:Trong mt lcti s khp mnh vo trong thcMa h ndt ra hotng * [8]

(Bi 4)Ti c mtngi quen vng Kurobane (cnh en)thuc Nasu v nghrng c thitt qua nhng

cnh ng m nc Nikko. Tribtuma v tidn khi chng ti lib,mt chng ti di v mt ci

lng lmt xa. Chng ti thu mtcn phng trcamt nng dn. Khi tri sng dn, chng ti li ln

ngi qua nhng cnh ng. Chng ti thymt con ngaangthc trn ng v xin mtngi nng

dn angctc gip . Anh ta l mt nng dn th rp qu ma nhngchngphithiu tnh cm. Anh ni

ti tnh, xem cch no ttnht cho cc ng. Nhng cnh ng ny iti c nhiuli. Cc ng du khch

khng bitng,dblclm. Ti lo chuyny Thi ccingai,n khi n dngli th th n

t quay v. Anh y cho chng ti thu con nga.Hai atrchy theo sau nga.Mta con gi c tn Kasane (c ngha l i, kp). Ci tn k l m

duyn dng khin Sora c ln bi th ny:Kp- chchn ltn ai t cho

mu hng hoa cmchngimthi lu timt ci lng, ti th con nga quay livimt t tinbuc vo yn nga.Con chim chin chin

Chng ti gh thm ngi nh ng Joboji, ph th lnh lu i vng Kurobane. ng chrt vui mng v

cucthmvingbtng, v chng ti tr chuynrtnhiusut ngy m. Em trai ng y tn Tosui, thng

nthmhi chng ti v cn mi chng ti n nh ring . Chng ti cn cminthmmy nh b

con ca anh na.Nhiu ngy nhth tri qua. Mt hm chng ti ido ngoi thtrn,ngmcnh v tm xem

du tch nisn ch ngy xa. Chng ti chui qua rng tre Nasu, v ving ngi mccatiuth

Tamamo. T chng ti ilnth Hachiman. Ti cbitcmng khi bitrngnth ny rt linh

thing ni mYoichi cunguyncbitvi Sho Hachiman vthnboh cho xs chng titrc khi ng bnmi

tn trng vo cy qut*[9].Tritiri, chng ti quay trv nh Tosui. C mt ngi cha tu khhnhcaamabushi, cn gi l Kommyoji gn. Ti cmi vo, dng lasnhca cc stng:Trong dy ni ma hTi ci lytrci giy gca niCuc hnh trnh mibtu.*[10]

(Bi 5)Du tch cn licacnlu trong thins Butcho*[11] tngsng trong ni ng sau ngi cha

Ungan thucx ny.
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12/73

Tht kh khnNgay cbcchtcan thnhtp lu nhn quanh chay hai thc

gi nhtringma.Butcho c lnbo ti rng ng vit bi th trn vimnh than cy thng chy trn mttng.Ti

nghti nn i xem nhng g cn li trong cnluca ng v i,mt tay chnggyhngv pha n Ungan.Mynging dnng cho ti. Phnlnh cn tri thnh on vui vlm,trc khi chng ti nhn

thyngn ni th thy mnh n chn ni ri.Dy ni ko di xa ht tm nhn hin ra. Dc theo ng thung lngdn chng ti vo mtkhong

rng, ru phytnhng cy thng v cy tuyt tng. Butrimc d ma h nhngvnlnh. Khi chng

ti vt qua micnh quan niting th i qua mt ci cu v bc vo cngn.Ngnng khng bitdu

tch cathins Butcho u, ti loay hoay tro ln ni ng sau n, v ti nhnthytrn nhmttng,thymt ci miunh xy ta vo mt ci hang . Dngnh ti ang nhn thy hai

chCaichtca Myo hoc ngi cha ca Houn hoshi *[12]Ngay n chim g kinkhng lm hicnlunhu trn cy ma h.

(Bi 6)Ti li bi thtccnh ny trn ctlu.Ty chng ti ln ngithmNhng hn ot sinh mng Ti cibng xe nga do

quan ph th lnh b tr. Ngin ng cinganh ti vit cho anh ta mt bi th.Chngbitvit ci g

tao nh hp mun anh ta ti nghngi, v vit:i theo con ngngavt qua mc snh ly ti nghemt con chim chinchin

(Bi 7)

Nhng hn ot sinh mngnm trn vng t cao, gnnimtgingnc nng phun tro. Hikh chy ra tnhng hn vn khng tan mtchtcca n. V thnhiu con ong, con bmcht v

nhiuth cn trng cngcht, xc cht thnh ngnni ti khng th ni mu ca ct l g.Cy liuni c dngnc trong nh kim cng*[13] ng trn mt con ngnh xuyn qua cnh

ng la gn lngAshino.Vs hon hocahuyn ny, mtth k no thng ni anh ta munch

cho ti cy liu v ti cngtng t m cy liu by giu. Hm nay ti ng ngay di bng mt

chnh cy liuy.H gieo m trn khp cnh ng

v lc ti rikhicy liuca Saigyo.

(Bi 8)

Ngy li ngy tri qua trong sbtnmh,nhng khi chng ti tingnncai Shirakawa ticmthy mnh nnhvi tinh thnl khch. By gi ti hiu v sao cc nh thtngi tm kim ci

gi l nivi ai kinh cm gic cah khi vt qua cai ny*[14].Shikarawa l mt trong ba cainitingi vo xbc,ni thu ht tm tr bao ngi. Ti cmthy

mnh nghe cnhngcn gi ma thu v nhn thynhngchic l phong thngcnhcn trong

nhng bi thcah v iu ny cn cho ta cm xc trcnhngvphnnhngchic l xanh non trn

nhng cnh cy trcmt ti. Mn latrng l cy roi nga ho lnm hoa hngdiangnkhin ti cm

gic mnh angvt qua cai trong tuyttrng.T lu mtsngi c ln by t lng ngngmvica
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13/73

i ny bng cch i ngay ngnchicmtngnim v thay trang phchp nghi thchoctngt

nhngiuc ghi livi ngi bt ca Kiyosuke *[15].Nhng cnh hoa hngdinh bnh ra trong nn ti- chng s lb thch th ca ti

SoraHn o nn ma

Sau khi i ngang qua cai Shirakawa vi cch ny, chng ti livt qua sng Abukuma. Hngv

ni Aizune bn tri, iv bn phi l lnh a Iwaki, Soma v Miharu. Mt dy ni to ra ng bin giigia

cc tnh Hitachi v Simotsuke.Hm nay khi chng ti i qua khum-ly- gng-soi, butrinhiu my v chng c nh phnchiu

no trn mgng. Chng ti gh thmmtngi tn Tokyu trong thtrn Sukagawa, v anh ygi chng

ti nh anh khong bnnm ngy.iuu tin anh ta hi l ntngca cc anh khi vt qua cai

Shirakawa l g ?.Nivtv kh khncachuyni di ht kitsc ti cth xc ln tm thn, v ti

bchimlnhbinhngcnh quan nhn thy,biths xc ng su xa vinhnghic qu khthcdy

nni ti c th hnh thnh nhng tngmi.Nhng khi ti nhclivi Tokyu, iu thtngtic

nu ti cho php mnh b qua khng ghi vo lunim. Ti vit ra bi th ny:Nibtuthcsca thi camt vng ngbcnhng bi ca trng la.

(Bi 9)Vnthth hai v ba ghi su trong ti, v thm ch ti sng tc c ba cunth lin hon khc

na.Khng xa thtrn ny c mt nh s quay lngvith gian angsngdi bng mt cy htd

ln.Slngl thanh tnhcacnhvt lm ti bnkhon, cu th Saigyo ni su thmni ti hi htd c

gingnhth ny khng, v ti vi v ghi nhanh nhngting ny vo tgiyc:Chhtd cvitbng

hai phnty v cy(mc)ng thin ng pha Ty *[16].Ngi ta ni rngcB Tt Gyogi sutidng g cy htd lm gychng v lm ct nh .Nhngngicathgii nykhng ai bit c mt ma hoacy htd bn nhng mi hin

(Bi 10)Rikhi ngi nh ca Tokyu chng ti itiphn 10 dm.Mtln chng ti i qua Hiwada,

nhn thy ni Asaka bn phitrcmt ti, gnngl. c nhiu bi mly vng xung quanh. V sp

n ma hoa la ynmchncc thu hoch, ti hithmnhiungi cy no l hoa la ynmchnc

nhngchng ai bitc.*[17]. Ti ngngmnhngmly v nhiulnhithm dn chng v cy la mch

nc, lc ny thymttrichmti ra ni.

n Nihonmatsu, chng ti itt sang bn phi v sau khi xem xt s qua hang ngien,litiptchng v Fukushima v nghm.

Sng hm sau chng ti thnghngn lng Shinobu v tm kimPhin- -xoa. Hn ngpmt

na trong t trong mt lng nhdi bng rm camt dy ni khng xa. Tr em trong lng chyn,bo

chng ti Ngyxa hn tn trn nh ni, nhng c nhngngi dn mun xoa ch hoa vn trn ,

x ytnglnxungrung la. Vickhinnhngngi nng dn nigin nn hyphinxung

thung lng ny, bivybmt ln xung.Chuyny cng c thxy ra thi.Nhng bn tay kho lo nay nhm gieo ht,
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14/73

tng dng n xoanhng hoa vntphin

(Bi 11)Chng ti vt qua sng bn ph Moon Wheel (Bnh xe trng) v ncthtrn Se Noue.

Nhng di tch cxatth Sato Shoji cch khong ba dm pha tay tri, bn ra ni. Ti nghe ni rngnhng

di tch ythuc Sabano trong lng Iizuka, v i loanh quanh hithm dn xem n ch no. Cui cng ticchdntinigi l Maruyama. Niynhngchng tch c dn thi Sato Shoji cn ng. Ti

khng cmcncmt khi nghe dn chng ni nhng g cn li ny c tm thy chn ni. Trong mt

ngi ncgnmy bia mca ton b gia nhvncgi gn bov. Trong s hai ngi mca hai

ngi phn chn chung vi gia nh Sato, hvn l hai nng du ca dng h vin tng ti ba ny. H l

phnnhng niting anh hng bit bao ! Ti ly tay o gtl m suy tvh.Ngi ta khng cnphi

sang ti Trung Quc tm tm bia chync mt.Ti i vo trong nhi xin nc tr, chng ti bitrng thanh kimca Yoshitsune v ci trp eoca

Benkei cn cginh bu vtca ngi n.Kim v trp c haitrng by trong lHi Con Trai thng Nmkhi l cgiy tung bay *[18] (Bi 12)

Bi th ny vit trong ngy 1 thng Nm.m chng ti nghli Iizuka. Chng ti tmsuinc nng niy v sau thu mt phng

qun tr. Nh trti tn vichiurmtri trn mt sn d dy. Niythm ch chng c cmtngn

nlng,bivy chng ti thu xpchng trong nh sng bpci l si v nm xung.msm st

gm r v ma rt xung khng ngh,dt ngay ch chng ti nm. Ti cn khng ngc v mrp v

muicnrt lm cho tnh trng cng thn. Ti libmtcnbnhthngk ti pht cnst, cng lc cng

nnghnnni ti gnnhngti.Butrim ma h ngnngichloe loe sng, v chng ti litiptcchuyni.Huqucam

trc cn ngli v ti chc cht nim vui nho nh trong chuyni. Chng ti thu ngai v phng tith

trn Koori. Ti rt kh khnmivt qua ccnbnh, mong mi mau tich,litnhthmrngtrckhi ln ngnnhng vng xa xi catnc, ti thcrng c thmc tai nnri ro. Thm ch ti

c thcht trn ng th cng l Tri.Nhngbnkhon lo lng ny lnqut trong u ti v by gi th

bciququythn, ti vt qua cnglnca thnh Date.Chng ti bli sau lng Abumisuri v Lu itrng, sau i vo huyn

Kasashima- hn oNnma. Khi ti hithmmtngin ng u l ngi m trung tng Sanekata

*[19], ng trliNhng lng ng s nhn thy chn ni pha xa iv bn phi l lng Bnh xe o

ma(Minowa) v lng o nn ma (Kasajima). ng sthymt ngi nthvthnBov khch qua

ng v Nhngmc lau ngnhcnhc trong bi th*[20]. Con ng th rttit v nhng

cnma, v ti cngrtmtmiri; do vy ti ctbc m mt di pha trc tm Minowa v Kasajima-

nhng ci tn trt thch hpvinhngcnma ma hnsm, ti ngmngh:

Hn o nn mabn ni n ch no ?Nhngnongngp bn thng Nm

(Bi 13)Chng ti nghm Iwanuma.Cy tng Takekuma c vpl lng. R cy chia thnh hai nhnh ngay st gc,chngtrng

chng khng mti hnh dng thuxa. nghu tin ca ti hngvvtrng tu Noin. Nhiunmtrc

c mt nh qu tctthixung vng ny lm quan trnth Mutsu, ng ta h cy tng Takekuma lyg
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15/73

lm ccchng cy cubc qua sng Natori. l nguyn nhn ra i bi thcavtrng tu Natori c cu

Cnuduvt cy tng*[21]. Ti c nghe krng, qua nhiuthh sau, mi khi cy tng bchti th

mt cy tng khc lictrng ngay ngchc. C l l cy tng ngy nay lylic y nh ngy xa

vy.

Cy tng sinh iNgy ti tiptc ln ng, Kyohaku tng ti bi th chia tay nh sau:Hoa o tn riHy cho anh ta xem t nhtCy tng TakekumaBi thygihng ti vit bi th ny:Kt lc hoa anh onTi bm chtcuc hnh trnhnay thy cy tng sinh i ba thng tri qua.

(Bi 14)Chng ti vt qua sng Natori v i vo x Sendai. Hm ng ngy ltr ma qu. Chng ti tm

cmt nh tr,bnnm ngy. Mthostn Kaemon sngniy. Nghe ni anh l ngi c mt

phong cch nghsco nn ti mun quen bit anh. Anh tm srngnhiunm theo ui nghin cu

nhngxsct trong cc bi thnhngtrcgivncha xc nh r. Anh bc ngy chdn chng

ti i coi nhngcnhvty.Nhng cnh ng vng Miyagi dy c loi cy c ba l mi nhnh, loi cy c

di ma thu NhtBnn hoa mu hng hnh budc,nhnggiy ti tngtng ra cnh ma thu

chng spbitchng no ! By gin ma hoa andromeda (asebi) nkhp Tamada, Yokono v

trn ngniAzalea Chng ti i su vo mt cnh rng tng bch ni cnh l mcrmnnihunh

chng c tia nngmttriri qua c.Hgi khu rng ny l Np bng tng. Ngy xachchnsng

mc u m butrinngntimc nh thvit:Ny anh v ssamurai, anh hy mang theo chic d cho

ng ch*[22].Chng ti n cng ltiisnhnthcPhtchatr,nth Tenjin v nhngni linh thingkhc. Kaemon ligiithiu chng ti mybc trnh k hoca anh v Matsushima, Shiogama v nhngni

niting khc trn l trnh, v khi chia tay anh tng mn qu l mti dp rm quai annhm mu xanh

xm. Nhn mn qu ti bit anh l ngi phong lu thanh nh.Ti sbuc cy din vang hoaquanh bn chn mnhlm dy buc dp.

(Bi 15)Chng ti tiptcl trnh, i theo s anh hosKaemon v cho. chn ni bin giicaxng

bcngnh kh i,ni c loi c To nitingangmc. Nghe ni ngay n by gingi dn vng ny

vnanchiu,dtthmbngloic ny tng quan trntha phng.Bia knim Tsubo ng lu i Taga *[23] trong lng Ichimura. Bia cao hai thc v rngkhong

mtthc, ti onvy. Khi ti coinhngm ru ph trn mt,mt hng chkhchin ra dit

khin ti chong ngp, n ghi dukhong cch xa vitimi gc khutcatnc. Ti c ln: Lui

ny c xy dng ln trong nmu tin catriui Jinki (nm 724) biitng qun Ono Azumabito,

thanh tra chnh ph, v csacha trng tu nmth 6 triui Tempyohoji (nm 762) bitng qun

Emi no asomi Asaka, itngchhuy vngnghi,qunngsn v thngch Ono. Khc ngy 1 thng

12


16/73

Rtnhiua danh c gn gi trong thi ca tthi xa xanhng v cnh ni l sng lp,nhng con

ngcnhngch cho ngmi,nhngphinb chn vi v binmt tch trong lng t, cy ci gi

li v nhngch cho cy non. Thi gian tri qua v th gii thay i.Du tch qu khc bao ph trong

nhng ci khng chcchn,btnh V tuy vyniy,trcmt ti l mt bia khng tchi qu

kh nghn nm. Ti cmthynhth ti ang nhn su vo tinh thn tr c canhng con ngi qu khy.

Chny ti nghlmt trong nhngnim vui du ngon v l mtphncucsng ti angln ln, angtrng thnh. Ti qun htcnhngmtmidc hnh trnh m xc ngrincmt v vui qu.

Chng ti tiptcithm dng sng Tama x Noda v Nhngmm trn bbin- nhngnitng

c miu t trong thi ca. Trn dy ni cgi l Cy tng cht cng c mt ngi n cng tn *[24] . Khi

ti nhn ra rnggianhnggc cy tng ynhngnmm th ti bcm gic bun b trn ngpvi ngh

rngnhnglithhnthu chung gn b mi mi canhngivchng yu nhau th m ricngphikt

thc di ba tct. Ti liiv pha vnh Shiogama, ti nghe ting chung gic kinh chiugiibc

thng ip bo s tn phai.Butrigimbt my u m. Di nh trngchiu ngy ngt, hn o Magaki trn mtncnh

gnli trong tm tay. My con thuyn cu c nh b ang cho vo b, v ti nghe ting ni camyngi

dn chi ang chia c. Ti thmnghvinim vui bygi t ra ti hiuti sao nh thvitthny: Michinokuniucng duyn dngnhng Shiogamakhi nhng con thuync ko v bptuytvihnttc*[25]

(Bi 16)m ti lng nghe mtthy php m gyn t b nhng bi ca bunnh vng nng thn min

Bc. N hon ton khc vinhng cu chuynchin tranh v nhng bi nhcm cho nhy ma *[26]. m

thanh thn bt ln cao ca anh nghe st bn tai ti vicm gic u su,nhngli cho ti cm gic tho mn

nghrngnhng th vtruynthngca bi ca bunnh khng b lng qun gc tncho lnh ny.

Sm hm sau chng ti ivingthmnth Myojin Shiogama. Ngi nc ng chtnh xydng, c nhng ci ct uy nghi ngb,nhng rui trnsn sng long v nhng ci bc bay bng ln.

Mttribuismto nh nnglp lnh trn nhng ci hng ro sn mu rc. Ti cmthyt ho xc

ngnghrngy l ni tiu biu cho min qu tnc, cho sbiuhin k diucaThngxut

hinmtni xa xi nth, gc tn cng thgii.Trcca ngi n l mt cy nlngck. Cnh cabng kim loi mang dng ch:Knh dng

bi Izumi Saburo trong nmth 3 triui Bunji (nm1187).Thtl lng nhngli ny v cnhvtnmtrm

nmtrchin ln r rt. Izumi tng l chinsqu tcdngcm m tn tui ng cn vang mi n by gi;

chng c ai m khng lugi ng trong lng knh trngca mnh. Thc l c th ni rngmt con ngi c

th hnh ng theo cch no v gics chnh trcca mnh. Snitingstuthuc vo vic

*[27].

Tritrari. Chng ti thu mt ci thuyn v cho ti Matsusima. Sau nmdm trn bin chngti nb hn o Ojima.

D ngi ta ni nhiu hay t, nhngstht l cnhvt Matsusima phi ni l pnhttnc

NhtBn ta, khng cn gitbnghngnh hay Ty Hx Trung Hoa. Dng ncbint pha ng

nam chy vo to ra mt ci vnhrng 7 dm, v khi ncthutriuxuthin to ln o t, (#) gingnh

tnhTrit Giang (Trung Quc). C v s hn o.Mtsnhp nh tr ln tri cao, mts khc li b trn

trong sng bin. C nhng hn ochngchtgpihocthm ch gp ba o khc. Nhn v pha bn tri,

thynhng hn ong tch ra clp, pha bn phimtsoli dnh linvi nhau. Mtso trng
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17/73

nhthang cng hn o con trn lng.Mts hn o trng nhbngo con trn cnh tay, gi ra tnh

m con u ym. Mu xanh canhng cy tng l mu xmtuytvi v nhng cnh nhnh ca n un

un cong rprndi ln gi bin,chngt nhng khc cnh cy un cong dngnh chnh l bncht

ca cy tng. Cnhvt c khun mt duyn dng b ncamtngiphn. Ti bnkhonnghphichng

Matsushima do Thn ni to ra tthiica cc thntr v trn tri t ny ? Ngi no c thbtgn k

quan kit tc thin nhin vo mtbc tranh hay mt bi th ? Ojima, mt hn onilinvilcanhb nm ra bin l nhngdu tch cnlucathins

bcthy Ungo v tng trn ng ngitothin. Ti btcmt tng bao trm y,dinhng

gc tng ca cc thinstbth gian n tu. Hsnglngl trong nhngcnluc m tbc ln

nhngngn khi t l tng hnh kim v qu tng (khi cy ng ctlanun). Ti khng hiuc

cch sngcahth no, nhngcmthyb thu ht vh. Khi dobc trn ngicah, ti nhn thy

nh trng soi trn mtbin,cnhtng Matsushima khc hnvinhngcnh ti thy ban ngy. Ti quay li

bi bin v lymtcn phng trong qun tr, ngi nh hai tngcasmhng ra vnh. Khi nglngng trong ci lnh gi v dinhngm my, ti nmtrimtnim vui k l. Matsushimamnnhng ci lng chim su ka sn ca !

So ra

Ti nmxung, khng th lm thnhngrtcmhng m ng. Ti nhli khi rikhicnluc ti c

Sodo tngmt bi thch Hn ca anh vitv Matsushima v mt bi th tanka ca Hara Anteki ni v hn

o Matsushima. Ti my hnh l lymy bi th m ktbn qua m. Cn c bi hokku ca Sampu v

Jokushi na.Gic m di m

Vo ngy th 11, chng ti nthm Zuigan. Cch ynhiunm, ba mi hai thhitrcv

trng tu hin nay, Makabe no Heishiro c phong Pht danh n Trung Quc du hc v sau khi trv

ncNht thnh lp ngi cha ny. V sau, by ngi snhngca cha c xy dngnhktqu

canhngcgngln lao cathins Ungo. By gi ngi cha tr nn mtsnhngvi,nhngbctng dt vng lp lnh xngngvi thin ngcPht.

Ti thcmc khng bit ngi cha ca Kembutsu thing ling niu.Vo ngy 12 chng ti khi hnh i Hiraizumi theo con ng cy tng Anewa v qua cu Odae,

nhng ci tn rt quen thuc trong thi ca. Rthimgpngii con ngvnchl ng lui ticath

sn v tiu phu. Khng th hnh dung mnh angch no, chng ti cui cng lcng v xuthin

cng tn l Ishinomaki.i xa trn bin, chng ti nhn thy ni Kinka nibngnnhng bng hoa vng*[28].

Hng trm tu bun cathng nhn ri rc khpvnhbin. Trong thtrn,nhng con nga tranh nhau ch

nghchn v khi bc ln lin min tnhng l si.Ti thmnghmnhchng bao gi c muninniunhth ny na. Chng ti tm mt

ninghqua m,tich no cngbngi ta tchi.Cui cng chng ti m cmt ci lu tranh ti tn

v nghmtm.Sm hm sau chng ti liimt con ngl,vuv,chngbithngvu.khiangi trn mt con di thmthm, chng ti nhn xa thyNgt tay o,Cnhngcnga,Cnhng

nho caMano v nhngni khc tngc in du trong thi ca.*[29]. Chng ti i vng quanh mlydi,

mtnibun chn. Chng ti dnglinghmmtthtrn tn Toima, v sau itipn Hiraizumi.

ichn 50 dm, ti tin chcvy.Ba thhcachinthng Fujiwara Hiraizumi mttmniynhmtgicm.Du tch ca

Cnhcngvicah cch lu i ny hai dm.Ni tng l lu i trang trica Hidechira th nay ch
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18/73

l nhng cnh ng,chl dy ni Gtrng non vng- qui nhn to do ngi Hidechira xy dng cn gi

libmtckca n.Trcht chng ti tro ln Cungin trn caonit c th nhn thy Kitagam- mt con sng ln

chy xui xung vng Nambu. Dng sng Koroma ln vng quanh lu ica Izumi Saburo, sau chy

vo con sng ln pha diCungin trn cao.Du tch cathii Yashuhira nm pha bn kia caca

i Koromo, dngnhbov cnh ca Nambu khis xm lcca Ainu. Chnh niCungin trncao ny m Yoshitsune v nhng tn binh cn ttpcca ng t phng th,nhngchinthngca ng

chngmy lu m bin thnh mcdi.tnc c thspnhngnhng dng sng v ni ivntn

ti; khi ma xun n trn nhng lu i nt, cvn xanh theo*[30].Nhng dng th ny vang vng trong

u khi ti ngixungmtt, ci nn tre nm soi bn ti. Ni ti ngi khc, chngbit chi nthi gian

tri qua.Nhngmc ma h-trn ngi mnhngchin binh dngcmangm.Mi v sau.

(Bi 17)Trong mc roi ngaHnh nh ti nhn thy Kanefusa-angngm nhn mi tc bcca mnh.*[31] Sora

Hai snhngca ngi cha Chuson l nhng k quan ti tng nghe v thn phc,umca.

Snhng Sutra trong c ba bctngtnglnhca Hitaizumi ; Snhng vng c nhng quan ti

cha hi ct ba vtng v ba ngi Pht (Quan m, Di v Th Ch). Byvt qu (#) bthtlc v h

hng, cnh cachmngccngb gi mi qutvhng v nhng cy ct dt vng b bong ra v sng v

tuyt. Ngi nchchnphi nt hon ton v nhngch cho hoang ditrngrngnunhgny

khng c gia c xung quanh v mi ngi chungc gi ma.Mttm bia t ngn nmc

dng ln lugic lu hn.Nhngcnma ma xun

gi cho bnkhinhngcuc tn ph ddi,snhngthng lung linh.(Bi 18)

itrli nhn theo con ngtri di v pha xa Nambu pha Bc, chng ti nghm lng Iwade.

Chng ti i ngang Ogurozaki v Mizu no Ojima, v tnhng dng suinc nng Narugo hngthngv

pha Shitomae Barrier, dnhvt su vo tnh Dewa. Rthim hoi du khch i trn con ng ny, bivy

chng ti bmyngi lnh bov nghi ng tra xet ticakhuCngphi kh khn gii by chng ti mi

ci qua. Khi leo ln cqu ni th mttrimc. Nhn thynhngcn nh ca lnh gc cai,

chng ti chminghqua m.Mt ba ngy na v mtcn bo t gh sni ln v chng ti

chng lm g khc c ngoi vic tr ng dy ni thn thit.Bchyrnquy ry

Ti nghe tingngaingay bn ginm.

(Bi 19)Ngich nh bo chng ti ngityti Dewa cn phi qua nhng ni cao, ngrt kh i

nn ttnht cc ng phi tm thu ngidnng Ti pttlm v thu cmtngi thanh nin

cao lnkhomnh, anh ta mang mtlikim cong bn sn v chng cy gysi. Anh itrc chng ti,

v nghrng hm nay chng ti angi vo ch nguy him, chng ti bm st theo anh. Con ng,ng

nh ng ch nh miu t, xuyn qua nhng cy ci dy c um tm khp ni cao, niychngh c
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19/73

ting chim ku. Tritidinhng bng cy, tinmcnhi trong m. C cm gic nhthnhng

mmabirixungt ven nhngdi my trn tri*[32], chng ti phi chui u vo nhngrng tre v c

lc, li qua nhng con sui v vp ng v nhngcc.Cui cng chng ti ncthtrn Mogami, thn

thtm trong m hi lnh gi.Khi chia tay, ngidnng ni vui vNhngvic kh chuthngxy ra trn ng ny. Ti tht

may mn c thdn cc vny an ton. Nghe nhngliy, ngay c sau khi nni an ton, tim tivnny ln hihp.

Obanazawa ti gh thm Seifu mtngi c tm hn cao qu cho d anh ta giu c. Anh thng

xuyn ithm Kyoto v hiubitcm xc cal khch. Anh lugi chng ti vi ngy, si ni quan tm chia

snhngnivtv m chng ti tri qua trn cuc hnh trnh di v ingth chng ti cn.Lys mt mto ngi nh mnh, niy ti nmhon ton trong dchu.

(Bi 20)Vo y, b vo ydicn nh nui tmting cc ku

(Bi 21)H lm ti nhliSp trang imcaphnnhng mu vng nghn hoa

(Bi 22)Nhngngichm scnhng con tm,gilihnh dng hcxa .

Sora

Ting d chch su vo C mt ngi n trn ni trong lnh acaYamagatagi l Ryushaku-ji.ncis Jikaku xydng, l ni ghi dubis thanh tnhth thi. Ngi ta khuyn chng ti indchlic nhn mt

cht, v chng ti quay li Obanazawa itipmtanngchngmilmdm. Khi nni,tri hy

cn sng. Sau khi nghch dnh cho khch hnh hngdi chn ni, chng ti tro ln ngi nninh

cao nht. Nhngtng mn chngcht ln nhau to ra qu ni ny, nhng cy tng v cy tuyt tng trn

nhng con dc nghing gi. Mtt v nham nh v bp bnh, trntutvi ru mc. Trn nh cht

vt, nhng cnh caca cc ngi nung kn, chng nghe thymttingng no.i vng quanh

nhng vch v b trn qua nhngtng chng ti nc ngi n chnh. Trong khung cnh huy

hong v trong lngl, ti cmthymts yn k diu bao quanh tri tim mnh.i slnglniy

Chch su vo ting ht ca con d.

(Bi 23)Chng ti chi cho thitit quang ngmtni gi l Oishida, dnh cho thuynxung sng

Mogami. Ngi ta bo chng ti rnghtgingth haikai c gieo tnniyt lu, v ngi dn vn

nhcnhluynticnhng vinh quang t lu lm khng th qun lng; nhngntnhcmcmcca

nhng cy so sy mang giai iuntn tri tim h.Chng ti ssong m mm tm ng, khng bit

chcdnnu,ngc hay ngmi,nhng khng c ai chdn chng ti sutdcng-h ni, v
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20/73

ti chng c cch g hn l cng lm vihmtcunth (#). Bi th lm trn ngl hnh ny tti

cmtninhth.Dng sng Mogami btngunt Michinoku, vng thngngunca n thucaphn Yamagata. Hai

bncng ngs trn l trnh ny l Bn bn c v Bn chim ct. Dng sng chyt pha Bc vng ni

Itajiki v cui cng nc vo binc Sakata. Nhng dy ni nh treo nh ra hai bn b sng v nhng

con thuynchy xui dng xuyn qua nhngm cnh l um tm. C l cc nh th ngy xaginhngcon thuynca chng ti ngy y l nhngconthuyn la go*[33]. Xuyn qua nhng vm l xanh, chng

ti c th nhn thynhng ci Thcsichtrng.nth Sennin ngidinvib sng. Dng sng y

trn v con thuynca chng ti i trong nguy cp.Khpnidnvbinma ma h, sao chy nhanh l !Dng sng Mogami

(Bi 24)Vo ngy 3 thng Su chng ti leo ni Haguro. Chng ti vingthmmtngi tn Zushu Sakichi v

tipkinthngto Egaku ngiqun l nniy.Nh tu cao cpmi chng ti limt cha nh trong Thung lng pha Nam v nngnhit chiu i chng

ti.Sang ngy mng 4 c buithp lm th haikai ti trai phng ca nh s.

Thing ling thay niytuyttrngttohngt thung lng pha Nam

(Bi 25)Ngy mng 5 chng ti vo lnthcPht. Ti khng bitcnth ny c xy dng vo

i no, chbitis Nojo tngsngniy. Trong sch Engishiki *[34] ni rng c nth Shinto (Thn

o- obnacancNht) vng Satoyama thuctnh Dewa. Ti thiphichng khi cun sch y

c chp li,ngi ta chp nhmchkuro thnh chsato v yama. C ltngtvy,

Haguroyama l kthpca hai chUshuKuroyama*[35]. R rng ci tn Dewa (qu tng lng chim)nguyn l phong tctp qun ca vng ny lynhng lng chim lm cngvt,nh trong sch tina l

ghi.Haguro cng vi Yudono v ni Nguythpli thnh lpBaqu ni Dewa. Ngi nniy l b

phnnhcanthng Hiei Edo. nh sng trngca gio l Phtn Tendai ri sng bn trong lp

lnh, nhng bi gingtr nn hon ho ngay lptcvibngchng l ngnn chy sng lung linh. Nhng

cn phng ca cc nh tu k nhau san st, cc nh tu niyangthc hnh o theo likhckhcung

nhit.Nhngduhiucascmnh k diuni linh thing ny khuy ln lng tn knh v gic ng.Sb

ch tht l trngtnningn ni l k .Cho thuyn trn cnh hoa o

Ngy mng 8 chng ti tro ln ni Gassan (Nguytsn). Chng ti qung qua cmtsi dy giy,

vng quanh thn mnh, v qun ln umt ci mmin thing ling*[36].Mtngi khun vc khomnh

hngdn chng ti i 15 dm trong my m, sng dy c trong kh ni, li qua nhngm tuytchngbao gi tan. Ti ng ngc, c l chng ti spbcn ci ca my ningicamttri v mttrng

gp nhau ? Hithca ti tr nn ngnli, thn mnh thy cng t lnhbut. Khi chng ti vannh cao

nht th mttrilnri v trngangxuthin thay ch trn butri. Chng ti trichicchiu tre v ly

chicng tre lm gingrinmxungchtrisngKhimttrimc ra tnhngm my ang tan tc,

chng ti ixung Yudono.Dc theo ven b thung lng l nitrcy c nhng tp lucanhngngith rn. Th rn ca

tnh ny dng nc linh thing t trong ni tmgibn thn c trong sch v ti luyn cho nhng
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likimtr nn thanh khit Gnynhthkhc tn Nitrng trn nhnglikimtngc lm

gii thngmini.Ngi Trung Quc ti luynlikimcah trong nhngDngsuirng.c

nguyncanhngth rn ngiNht l thu clikimtchtlngnh thanh kim Can Tng v

Mc Da *[37] thici by tscnghin ti nng su sccah. Khi nginghmt lc trn tng, ti

nhn ra mt cy hoa ochcao khongmtthc,chi non mim.Nghrng ngay c khi chng b chn

vi dinhngmtuyt tri th nhng ma hoa ovn khng qun ma xun m nmun.Tipbitbao nhng bng hoa o.Tngnhthyhngthmca mu hoa mn trong mt ngy nng h thiu

t. Ti nhthiviscmng do dt trong bi thcavtr tr Gyoson *[38] nhng ti nghrng ci

cy ny thm ch cn gy xc cmhnht .Mt qui nhca cc nh tu niy l khng ai c mang nhng chi titcangn ni ny itruyn

cho ngi khc bitBivy ti s gc bt khng vitna.Khi ti trlinth, theo yu cuca thychngl, ti vit ln tpgiynhmy bi th ti sng

tc khi hnh hng ln Baquni.Niy mt m saomtvngtrnglilim chong ngi bay lntrn ni Haguro.

(Bi 26)Nhngnh myvavdn thnh mnhvnnh trng soi u ni.

(Bi 27)Ti khng th ni g vYudono, chthy thmttay o ti mncmt.

(Bi 28)Dy ni Yudono-

Khi ti dm ln nhngngtinca khch hnh hngti ngm nhn h,rincmt.Sora

Gi t Haguro v tiptc ln nginthtrn lu di Tsurugaoka ni chng ti c lm khch

camt v ssamurai tn l Nagayama Shigayuki. Chng ti lm nhng bi th lin hon ni nhau nh anh

y. Sakichi i theo chng ti sutonng ny. Chng ti ln mtchicthuyn sng v bixungcng

Sakata. Chng ti nghli ngi nh camtthythuc tn l Enan Fugyoku.T dy ni ncsui nngsutngnVnh Blowingmt mcbuichiu

(Bi 29)

Mttri thiu ttm trong bincdng sng Mogami

(Bi 30)Sau khi thngthcrtnhiucnhtng k vtrn t v trn bin, ti chcn bitnghv Kisakata.

Chng ti du hnh n vngngbctcng Sakata, tro qua bao nhiu qui,idc theo bi bin, l

bc qua nhng bi ct, mtkhongngchng hai chcdmttc.Di nh mttri lung linh, cnlnh

gi tbinckhuyngc bi ct, sng m nhmabtuxung, lm mmt ni Chokai. Chng ti
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m mmi ln pha trc trong bng ti. Ti c cm gic chcchn l nu Kisakata p trong ma th khi

tri quang my tnh n s cn tuytvihn. Chng ti chui vo cnluccanginh c, nmchma

tnh.Sng hm sau thitit quang ngthtp. Khi mttrimc ln th cnhtngtr nn huy hong

lng ly, chng ti lymtchicthuyn cho v pha vng ph Kisakata. Trcht chng ti gh thmo

Noin, vingthmcnludu tch xacamt nh s tu hnh mt mnh sut ba nm. Trn bi binidinni chng ti cpb, nhn thymt cy oxangnhmtkvtca Saigyo, ngivit dng

thkhcgn trn thn cy: Kisakatamt cy anh ob che phthnhthongbinhng con sngnhngnginh c phi cho thuyntrn nhng cnh hoa o

(Saigyo)Gnbnc c mt ngi m,ngi ta ni l m hong hu Jinggu, v mt ci nthnmk bn

gi l Ebb and Flow- Pearl(Nhnghtngc trai khi nctriu ln) *[39].Trc y ti chatng nghe ni

hong huny,chngbitthchthnoNgi trong cn phng cathytr tr, ti cuntm rm tre ln th cnhtng Kisakata hin ra ton b

trcmt.V pha Nam, ni Chokai lm, vt cao nhly ci tri, hnh nhca n in du trn mtnc.

V pha Ty, ta c th nhn thycai Muyamuya pha xa xa; v phang, con ng trn mt di dn

ti Akita. Bincnm phi Bc.Nibnhng con sng cun lm vo gi l Vt qua thutriu (Tide

Crossing). Kisakata di rngkhongchng hai dm.Kisakata kh gingvi Matsushima nhng c mtsim khc. Matsushima dngnhangci,

cn Kisakata mang mtbmtbunru xt xa. C mtnibun ho lnvis bnh thn, hnh nhy lm

xao xuyn tm hn. Kisakata

Ty Thi angng trong ma*[40]Ma hoa mimosa tm(Bi 31)

Nivt qua thutriucon hc chn di ngptNcbin mt m sao ! (Bi 32)Ngy hi*[41] :

Kisakatahn mn gvo nhng ngy lhi ?

Sora *[42]

Trong tp lucanginh cnm di trn tmcnhca,hthngthcci mt m ban m

Teiji *[43]Trong khi ngm nhn mt ci t chim bin trn phin.

Phichng chng khngnhchng bao gixa rinhngtng m ngn sng g tinhng ci t chim bin
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SoraTi cmthyrt kh m rikhi Sakata nninhng ngy lulicchngcht ln, nhnggi

y ti quay u nhn linhgm my xa xi ca vng Hokuriku. nghvmtchuyni di tip theo khin

ti lo lngbunphin. Ti c nghe rngkhong cch i Kanazawa thphtnh Kaga cn hn 300 dm

na.

Mtlni qua cai Nezu, chng ti tnh Echigo. Chng ti ci nhanh cho ncai Ichifurithuc vng Etchu. Trong chn ngy ing ti rch tm ra v cmthy kh chu v ci nng nng v ma

di. Ti ng bnhmttrnngn v chngvitc g.Thng Bythm ch ngy mng Su dng khng lvnnhm bnh thng.*[44]

(Bi 33)Binngddivt qua o Sadotri di sng Ngn h.

(Bi 34)

Gp g hai du n

Hm nay chng ti i xuyn qua nhngni nguy himnhtminBc, ngi ta hongsnmc

gi l niCha-m-cng-qun-con,Con-ci-cng-qun-cha-m,Ch-phi-quay-u v Nga-phi-quay-

u*[45]. Ti kitsctiniphi rt ngay ci gi bn mnh m nmxung ngay khi d ncmt qun

tr. Ti cht nghe ting ni canhngphntr, c l l hai ngi,ang tr chuyn ttrong mtcn phng

cch chng ti v pha trc ngi nh tr.Mtting ni n ng lntuicngi lc tham gia chuyn tr.

Qua nhngiuh ni th ti bit ra h l nhng ngi du n (gi im)t Niigata tnh Echino. Hang

trn ngil Ise v ngin ng gip ahtiy,dnhaticai Ichifuri. Nhnghnhs

tin chn ng kia quay v Niigata vo ngy hm sau, v hang trao cho ng ta tht va vit v nhngli

nhngiltvt khc mang v qu.Chng ti lang thang qua nhngbbin,tmginhbtthngchu nhng con sng bc.Cngnhnhngngin b dn chi, chng ti lnxungtny su cath gian ny. Chng bit ci kip

trcca mnh khngkhipth no to ra ci cucimincngbtthngca chng ti, nhngtili

hng ngy m chng ti phi can d ? Chng ti khnkhxu xa qu ri. Nghe ny ti sa vo gic

ng..Sng hm sau, khi thy tr ti chunbkhi hnh th hai ngiphntinntrcmt ni: Chng

ti cmthy lo snghnnhng kh khnangchi mnh trn ng xa l nn ch em ti munci

sau cc ng, i cch qung xa cngc. Hy gia n cho chng ti, cc ng mang trang phc nh tu hnh xin

hy gip ch em ti i theo con ngcacPht. Ni rih tro ncmt.Ti trli:Tirt i ngi cho hon cnh hai c, nhng chng ti sphidnglirtnhiuni.Tt

hnht hai c hy ivinhngngi du khch bnh thng khc. Cc c idisbohcathng.Ti tin chcchng c tai ho no nvi cc c u.Nhngli ni ycngnhli chia tay ca ti mi lu

sau m ti vn khng th xo cnithng xt hai ngiphnngthng.Di cng mt mi nhnhng du nangngnh trng v cbn 1

(Bi 35)Ti nhclimy cu ti nghcho Sora v bo anh ghi li.
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24/73

Dn chng thng ni v48ninccnKurobe(#), v chng ti thcsvt qua nhiu

dng suitrc khi nc hn onh Nako. Lc ny khng phi ma xun m nhnglp sng hoa t

ng Tako angtngbngn, v ngi dn khuyn chng ti nn thngthc ci hngvcmngd

thngca loi hoa u ma thu niy. Ti himtngin ng vngi, v anh p:Nu cc ng

i theo bbinkhongmidm,sthy Tako pha sau dy ni ng kia ka. chng c g ngoi nhng

tp luckhnkhca dn chi. Ti khng dm chc c ai cho cc ng cch no nghqua m.Hongs nghe linhnnhca anh ta, chng ti tiptci pha Kaga.Nhng cnh ng la thmngtv bn phi, chng ti nhmi phaBin Ariso

(Bi 36)Sui nc nng cng thm

Sau khi vt qua ni Hoa roi nga(verbena) v thung lng Kurikara, chng ti tinti Kanazawa vo

ngy 15 thng By. Chng ti cng thu cng nh trvimtthng nhn tn l Kasho tx Ozama n.Ti nghe thytingtmmtngi tn Issho rt say m nghthut,ngi c tn tui;nhng anh ta

cht khi cn tr trong mu ngnmtrc. Nhn dpltngnim anh y do ngi anh trai lo liu, ti

vit:Rung ln nmm anh m trli i !ting ni ca ti ril cho anhl cn gi ma thu.

(Bi 37)Khi thy tr ti cmi vo mtcnluc :Hi mt m ma thumi bn tay btugtvdahu v c tm !

(Bi 38)

Trn ngi :Rt,rtthmtiNngtrichiu v tgi vn ma thu

(Bi 39)mtnigi l Cy tng nhKomatsu :i ci tn duyn dngGi thi xuyn qua m cy tng nhCy bn l v lau

(Bi 40)Chng ti iltinth Tada Komatsu. Mst v nhngmnhkhnnhiuca ng cn cgi

gn y. Cch yrt lu khi ng angphcvtng Minamoto, ng ginhng mn qu tngt Yoritomo.Thc ra, nhngvt ny l vtshu khng tmthngcanhng v ssamurai. Chicmckhmvi

tm thp v vng chm hnh hoa cc bovnhng ci sng trn urng. Ti thu thpdliubitrng Kiso

Yoshinaka sau khi gitcht Sanemori trong trnnh bn dng chicm cng cho nthvilinguyncu

chinthng.Skin Higuchi no Jiro thay mt Yoshinaka n cng v dng lvtc miu t sinh

ng rnh mch trong cunscanth.Cunguyn cho nmm !

dichic nn stchin binh
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con chu chu(Bi 41)

Khi i theo con ngnnhngsuinc nng Yamanaka, chng ti ngc nhn thynh chp

ca ni Shirane. Pha bn tri di chn ni c mt ngi nth Quan m (Kanon). Ngy xa, sau khi thi

thng hong Kazan hon thnh cuc hnh hngn ba ngi nth Quan m, ng cho xy dngniy

mtbctng Phtitibi (yu thng v tha thttc ) v ban cho n ci tn NATA, phihp haich, Na (Nachi) v Ta (Tanigumi)*[46].Mt hng cy tng cxa mc trn nhngtng k lvinhng hnh

dng khc nhau, li c mt ngi innhlp l ng trn nh chp ni.ythc l mtni mang vp k

diu.Mu trng,trnghncnhngtng trn ni -gi ma thu *[47]

(Bi 42)Hai ngitmsuinc nng, dng suinitingcxphng nh chng sau sui Arima.

Yamanakakhng cn hi hoa ccsuinc nng vnthm *[48]

(Bi 43)Ch nh tr tn Kunenosuke chl mtcu b. Cha cacurt thch th haikai v c ln cch y

lu, khi Teishitsu *[49] cn trt Kyoto nybnhc nh bikinthc siu vitvnghthutthca

ngi cha cu b. Khi quay trli Kyoto, Teishitsu xin theo hcthy Teitoku v sau tcs cng nhn

l nh th.H cn ni rng ngay c sau khi tr nn niting ng vnsachathmin ph cho nhiungi

trong lng. Ngy nay nhngvic thnh chuync tch.

Cn li mt mnhSora mcbnhau bao t,phiitrcn Nagashima thuctnh Ise ni anh c b con h hng.

Anh livnth cho ti:Tiptc ti il hnhcho d ti ng xungcht, hy tinm trn cnh ng hoa bn l ma thu

Nithng xt ngiitrc,nim ticnuingi cn i sau- chng ti nh hai con vt hoang chia

tay v lcng trong nhngm my. Ti cngvitmtvn :Hm nay ti chi inhnglivit trong chic nnvinhnggitncmtsng.*[50]

(Bi 44)Ti nghnginth Zensho-ji bn ngoi thnh lu Daishoji. Niyvnthucaphntnh Kaga.

Sora mtrccng ngi n ny v li cho ti bi th sau:SutmtrngTi lng nghe gi thutrong nhngngni sau lngTi s qut vn

Duchmimtm chng ti xa nhau, nghe nhth cch xa nhau ngn dm.m hm ti

cngnmlng nghe gi thu, trntrc khng ngc trong cn phng chung ca cc nh tu. Khi rngng

n, ti nghe tingtng kinh rt r rng. Hm nay ti phiiEchizen. Ti c cmtngnh ti angvi
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vng ixung thang gc, sn sng ln ng. Ngay lc y cc thy tu tr tay cm bt v giychy theo ti v

pha ca . Nhn cy liu trong vn angrng l, th l ti vit:Ti s qut vntrc khi ra i- trong chal liurngri

(Bi 45)Ti vivit ra cu thnguhngrixi dp l hnh v ln ng.Con thuynca ti vt qua hn onh Yoshizaki. Ranh giitnh Echizen. Ti vingthm cy tng

Vt qua thutriu.Sutmnhng con sng b bo yavo tnb.Vngtrngchiu sng rctrn cy tng Shiogoshi.

(Bi 46)Trong bi th ny, Saiyo ni htnhng g ng ni v phong cnhadngniy.Nu c ai

cgngth thm mttng vo y,iungngnchng khc no lp thm mt ngn tay vo bn tay

bnh thngca con ngi.n Maruoka ti thmvingvtr tr ngi n Tenryu l ngi quen c.Li cn anh Hokushi t

Kanazawa i theo tin ti mt qung ngnnhng anh li thp tng ti sutny. Anh chngb qua

cnhvt no trn hnh trnh m khng ghi nhn,livitnhngvnthvnhngcnhtng th v v nhng

chuyn chng ti gp trn ng. Khi chng ti chia tay nhau, ti vit:Ti vitvi t dng,nh x rch chicqut-nhng pht chia tay bun hiu.*[51] (Bi 47)

Ti liichng ba, bndm su vo trong vng ni lm l ngi n Eihei-ji.y l ngi nca

thins Dogen. Ti tng nghe rng ng rtt ho ribcucsng kinh ,vt xa ngn dmn xy

ngi n trong dy ni ny.Fukui cch ychng 7 dm,nungbati xong ti mi ra i,lib m mmdc theo con ngmti. Fukui l nithins Tosai sngrt lu nhmtngins. C ln, khng nh r nm no, thin

sn Edo vo thm ti.. C thhnminmri. Ti kh tngtng ng gi yu hom hem n

mc no, cn sng hay khng, c th qua i. Ti tm hithmv ng, v cbit ng vn cn sng v

ngi nh ng nhth ny thnCn nh nhppti tn ca ng chm su trong gc thtrn. Hoa tri b

v mpmcth treo lnglngkhp vch tng,nhng loi cy c hoa mo g, cy l chimc cao n

mcgn che lpca vo. yng l niyri ti thmnghv g ca.Mtngin b nmc v

ngho nn xuthin v hiTha ngi tn knh tun hnh hng ? ng chithmmt qu ng

vng ln cn.Nu ngi c viccn, xin n tm ng y. Ti nghe ni nn bit b ny l phu nhn ca

thins. Ti nghCnh ny gingnhmtcnh trong cuntiuthuyt c*[52] v quay i tm Tosai. Ti tm

thy ng khng my kh khn v li nh ng hai m. Sau ti ithngngon ma trng sng nhtvnh Tsuruga. Tosai muni theo tin ti, xn tay o kimono ln trong iubbunci:Tisdnng

cho ng, ng tuyn bhmhnhit tnh.Ni Shirane dndnmkhutkhitmmt, ti thy thay vo l nh ni Hina. Ti vt qua cu

Asamutsu, v n Tamae nhn nhng cy lau angtr bng ktht.i ngang qua caiNhng con chim

ht v vt qua con nghm Yuno, chng ti in lu i Hiuchi. ni Kaeru ti nghe ting ku ca

nhng con ngngtriu tin ca ma thu. Vo ngy 14, ti tm chtrcng Tsuruga. nh trngmy
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cbit sng rcr. Ti hich nh trTrngm mai c sng nhm nay khng ? ng ta pRt kh

oncthititm sau vng Koshiji, chngbitma hay tnh.Sau khi nhn ci bt tay cangich nh tr, ti iv pha ngi n Kei dl cng ban m. Ngi

nchangnmmca hong Chuai. Khun vin mang v thing ling thnh thin, nh trng xuyn

qua nhng cy tng tim ct trngtrc sn chu trng nhth chng cphmt ln sng. ng ch

nh trk ti nghe Mtln, lu lmri,mtthy tu sith hai nguyncumt n huln lao cathng. ng tictc,cht v lm cho kh ro nhngchlyli trong khun vin. ng lm

cho mi tn n cng lcmthyd dng thoi mi*[53].Tcl ny khng b qun lng. Cc nh tu

hnh v sau vntiptcch ct schprinhtrc,gi l tcltusgnh ct.nh trng thanh khit lm saotrn ct trng pha trcdo cc nh tu mang n (Bi 48)

Vo ngy 15, ngnh ng ch nh trdon,trima.m nay Rmthitit vng tBctht kh lng

(Bi 49)Sang ngy 16 butrili quang ng v ti ithuynn bi bin Iro thu lmnhng con s

masuo nh b. Tynchng 15 dm.Ngich nh ca ti tn l Tenya,chunbthttm

vtdng cho ti, nnh v nhng ci ng tre yru sake (#) v c rtng gia nhn i theo thuyn

angch chng ti. Mttrn gi tt lnh thi chng ti chngmychcnni. Trn bbin c my tp lu

ng dn v mt ngi cha c tchck,y chng ti ngiung tr v ru sake nng. S c n chm

trong bibm bao phkhp.C tch lm sao !thm ch c nhnc SumaMa thu trn bi bin ny. (Bi 50)

Mang n g yhinhng con sng ?trnlnvinhngmnhv s nh bmt t hoa bn l . (Bi 51)

Ti bo Tosai vit tm ttlinhngchuynxy ra trong ngy v ct vo trong cha.Rotsu lnlimtmchn Tsuruga nnmng ti v,ri chng ti cng du hnh ntnh Mino.

Hnh trnh by gitinlihnnh c ngaci. Khi chng ti ntrip Ogaki th gpgcc Sora

vat Ise ti. Etsujin cngvi v cingany, v chng ti on t ngi nh ca Jokp. Sut

ngy v m,nhngngibn thn thitnh Zensenshi, Keiko v m con trai ca anh, v nhngngi

khc nalnltnthm ti. Trng hphnkhi v quan tm lo lngdngnhhinmtngit

ci chttrv.Trc khi lylisc sau cuc du hnh mtl, ngy 6 thng Chn, ti lii chim bi ngi cha ln

mi trng tu tnh Ise. Khi libc ln mt con thuyn, ti vit:Chia tch con s v v,ti rii Futamima thu angi qua. *[54] (Bi 52)

DANH MC 52 BI THTheo s th t trong tp Oku no Hosomichi

(Tn bi do ngidcht)Bi Tn bi Bi Tn bi


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Hn o nn maCy tng sinh iQuai dpCon thuynGicmdimMa ma xunRn v ngaMt m


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Cc kuVng nghn hoaD htMa ma hTuyttrngthm

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m thng By

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ng laCn gi rilDahu v c tmNngBa cyChu chu trong nn st


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Gi thu mu trngSui nng thmChic nnQut vnTrng tng

Vitvinh trng tinh khitTrngmaMa thu c tchV s v hoaLi chia tay

Ghi ch ca ngi dch

1. V ta tp nht k ca BashoBntingNhtc l, tingNhthini l phin m l: Oku no hosomichi:Khi dch sang ting Anh, dchgi Donald Keene (trong Li ni u) ni rng ng tng cn nhc hai

ci tiu The Narrow Road into Oku v The Narrow Road of Oku,cui cng ng chnThe Narrow Road

to Oku.Narrowvi cc ngha:hp hi, st sao, nguy him,tmv thincn khng bao hm c ci

nghasu xa, su sc, huynbca nguyn tc v cngchatng thch lmvini dung tpNht k.Ngoi ra, cc dchgi khc Phng Ty cn dch l:The Narrow Road to the Deep North (Con ngnhhp,tmnxBc su ht)Back Roads to Far Town(Trlinithtrn xa xi)

The Narrow Road Through the Provinces(nghpi qua cc tnh)taginnnht.A Haiku Journey: Bashos Narrow to a Far Provinces(Cuc du hnh th haiku: con nghpcaBasho n cc tnh xa )

Narrow Road of the Interior(Con nghpi vo bn trng).Ng i vo bn trong tm linh, trong

lchs v trong b su cathphnbitvi du lch bnh thngchngm phong cnh bn ngoi).Narrow Road to the Interior(tngtnh trn)Ttc cc cch dchtanh trn ucgng lm r mc khc nhau ci taca Basho v

mitaphn no ph hpvi ni dung cunNht k.Bndch Hn ng lo chi to (o zhxdo) ngha l Conngnhhp vo ci su

xa l kh ngha,ticrngvnthiua danh Oku.Qua cc ta khc nhau catp sch, chng ti nhnthyni hm cataOku no Hosomichi

rt phong ph, c thtrin khai thnh cc ch sau:Hnh trnh ca Basho l con ngiv pha Bccatnc.

Con ngiv qu kh, xa xi v kh i.Con ngi vo bn trong tm thcca chnh mnhCon ngi vo thgiith haiku tinh t su xa vib ngoi gind.

.


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2. V ta tng bi th: nh th Basho khng tta.Vi 53 bi thca Basho, chng ti cngchnh

s cho dnhcn bi th khi cnRing 10 bi ghi tn Sora, ngibnng hnh vi Bahso v my bi thcatinbi c tn, chng

ti khng nhsna.3. V mc: Nguyn tc Basho khng c cc mcchnghi, chng ti lymts th trong tpNht

k lm mc phn on, coi nhnhngchtmnghchnchobnc trn hnhtrnh theo sauBasho:Ma xun ra iCon chim chinchinHn o nn maCy tng sinh iGicmdimTingd chch su vo Cho thuyn trn cnh hoa oGpg hai du n

Suinc nng cngthmCn limt mnh.

Tuyn chn 40 bi th haikut cc tp vn, th khc nhau ca Basho

(song ng Anh Vit). 1. A bee. 2. A caterpillar. 3. A cicada shell. 4. A cool fall night. 5. A field of cotton. 6. A monk sips morning tea. 7. A snowy morning. 8. Autumn moonlight. 9. Awake at night0. 10. Bitter-tasting ice1. 11. Blowing stones2. 12. Bush warbler3. 13. Cold night: the wild duck4. 14. Collection of Six haiku5. 15. Coolness of the melons6. 16. Dont imitate me7. 17. First day of spring8. 18. First snow9. 19. First winter rain0.

20. Four Haiku1. 21. Heat waves shimmering

2. 22. How admirable3. 23. In this world of ours,4. 24. Midfield5. 25. Moonlight slanting6. 26. Spring rain7. 27. Stillness8. 28. Taking a nap9. 29. Teeth sensitive to the sand 1. Con ong


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0. 30. The dragonfly1. 31. The morning glory also2. 32. The oak tree3. 33. The old pond (10 bn dch ting Anh)4. 34. The squid sellers call5. 35. This old village6. 36. What fish feel7. 37. When the winter chrysanthemums go8. 38. Winter garden9. 39. Winter solitude0. 40. Wrapping the rice cakes

2. Con su bm3. Tve su4. m lnh xung5. Cnh ng bng6. Nh sung tr sm7. Sng tuyt ri8. Trng thu9. Thc gic10. Vng nc 11. Nhng hn ln12. Chim chch bi cy13. Vt hoang m lnh14. Su bi haiku15. Hi lnh da hu16. ng bt chc ti17. Ngy u xun

18. Bng tuyt u tin19. Cn ma u ng20. Bn bi haiku21. Hi nng lp lnh22. Thtng khen23. Trong thgii chng ta24. Gia cnh ng25. nh trng nghing26. Ma xun27. Slng l28. Chp mt29. Rng v ct30. Con chun chun31. Bui sng khoan khoi32. Cy si33. Ao c(10 bndch)34. Ting rao bn mc35. Ngi lng c


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36. C cm thy g37. Khi hoa cc ma thu li tn38. Vn ma ng39. Ma ng c n40. Gi bnh

1. A beeA beestaggers outof the peony.Con ongtnngn bay ra khibng hoa cmchng2. A caterpillarA caterpillarthis deep in fallstill not a butterfly.Mt ch su bmSay nnggic thuCha thnh cnh bm3. A cicada shellA cicada shellit sang itselfutterly away.

Mtt ve suN t ht lnvang rt xa4. A cool fall night

At a hermitageA cool fall nightgetting dinner, we peeledeggplants, cucumbers.Trong luns

m thu lnhlo

Dnbacmti, chng ti gtC tm vida leo.

5. A field of cottonA field of cottonas if the moonhad flowered.


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Cnh ngtrng bngNhvngtrngny hoa6. A monk sips morning teaA monk sips morning tea,

its quiet,the chrysanthemums flowering.Nh s nhm nhi tr smTrong im lngCy cc n hoa7. A snowy morningA snowy morningby myself,chewing on dried salmonBui sng tuytrit mnhnhai c hi kh8.Autumn moonlightAutumn moonlighta worm digs silentlyinto the chestnut.

Di nh trng thucon su lnglovo cy htd9. Awake at night

Awake at nightthe sound of the water jarcracking in the cold.

ThcdygiamTing ci bnh ncNtv trong gi lnh10. Bitter- tasting ice

Bitter tasting iceJust enough to wet the throat

Of a sewer rat.NmvbnglnhbutCh lm tchngcho con chuto rnh11. Blowing stonesBlowing stonesAlong the road on Mount Asama,the autumn wind.


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Nhng hn lnlnDcng ln ni AsamaCn gi ma thu12. Bush warblerBush warbler

shits on the rice cakeson the porch rail.Chim chch trong bi cya trn m bnhtrn ra cng vm13. Cold night the wild duckCold night the wild duck,sick, falls from the skyand sleeps awhile.

mlnh con vt hoangng bnh,rit trn butriV nmngmt lt14. Collection of Six haiku (Chm 6 bi haiku)Waking in the nightthe lamp is low,the oil freezing.

Dobc trong mNgnndithp,Dung v lnh

It has rained enoughto turn the stubble on the fieldblack.TrimaBin thnh m bong bng trn cnh ngMu enWinter rainfalls on the cow sheda cock crows.Ma ma ngRi trn mi chung b

Con g trng gy vangThe leeksnewly washed whitehow cold it is!Nhng cy ti tymiratrngtiTrilnh lm sao !The sea darkens


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the voices of the wild ducksare faintly white.Bintidn,Tingmvt hoangMu trng lm

Ill on a journeymy dreams wanderover a withered moor.Ti stiptcl hnhGicm ti phiu lngqua nhng cnh ng hoang ho kh .

15. Coolness of the melonsCoolness of the melonsflecked with mudin the morning dew.HilnhmingdahuLmm dnh vt bnTrong sngsm16. Dont imitate meDont imitate meits as boringas the two halves of a melon.

ngbtchc tiRt chn

Nh hai naquda17. First day of springFirst day of springI keep thinking aboutthe end of autumn.Ngy u ma xunTi cnh miNhng ngy cui thu18. First snowFirst snowfalling

on the half finished bridge.Nhnghttuytu tinBturiTrn cy cu xy d19. First winter rainFirst winter raineven the monkeyseems to want a raincoat.


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Cnmau ma ngNgay c con khHnh nhcngcn ci o ti

20. Four Haiku (4 bi)SpringA hill without a nameVeiled in morning mistMa xunMtngni khng tnB che ph trong sng m smThe beginning of autumnSea and emerald paddyBoth the same green.Buiu ma thuBin v la mu ngclcboC hai mu xanh xanhThe winds of autumnBlow: yet still greenThe chestnut husks.Cn gi mu thugi thi:vn cn xanhNhngvhtdA flash of lightningInto the gloom

Goes the herons cryMt tia chp

i su vo tienLm con dic ku ln

21. Heat waves shimmeringHeat waves shimmeringone or two inchesabove the dead grass.

Hi nng tngtthp thongMt hai phntrn ngnc kh

22. How admirableHow admirable !to see lightning and not thinklife is fleetingThtng khen ngiNhn thy tia chp m khng nghg.Cucsngtht ph du23. In the world of ours


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In this world of ours,We eat only to cast out,Sleep only to wake,And what comes after all thatIs simply to die at last.

Trong thgii nyChng ta nng vaiNgthcdyV ci g sn sau cng

nginchl ci cht.24. MidfieldMidfield,attached to nothing,the skylark singing

Gia cnh ngKhng c ch bmChim chinchin ht vang

25. Moonlight slantingMoonlight slantingthrough the bamboo grove;a cuckoo crying

nh trng nghing nghingXuyn qua bi treChim gy ctting26. Spring rainSpring rain

leaking through the roofdripping from the wasps nestMa xunrqua mi nhnhgitxungt ong27. StillnessStillnessthe cicadas crydrills into the rocks.StnhmchTing ku con ve su

Khoan vo 28. Taking a napTaking a nap,feet plantedagainst a cool wall.

Chpmtchn anggi lnchng vo vch nh lnhlo


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29. Teeth sensitive to the sandTeeth sensitive to the sandin salad greensIm getting old.Hm rngdtnthngvi ct

trong rau trn salad.Ti ang gi i30. The dragonflyThe dragonflycant quite landon that blade of grass.Con chunchunu mi khng vngtrn l c kia31. The morning glory alsoThe morning glory alsoturns outnot to be my friend.Bui sng khoan khoiCngchngtr thnhbn ti32. The oak treeThe oak treenot interestedin cherry blossoms.

Cy siKhng thchMa hoa on

33. The old pondNguyn phin m Nhtng :

Furuike yakawazu tibikomumizu no oto

Bi thCi ao cc coi l bi thnitingnhtca thth haiku.Diy l 10 bndchting Anh v tingVit .

33.1. The old ponda frod jumps in,sound of water.

Ao cMt con chnhy votingnc.vang

33.2. Old ponda frog jumps in


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waters sound.Ao cMt con ch nhy voVang tingnc.33.3. An old silent pond

a frog jumps into the pond,splash! Silence again.

Ci ao c im lmMt con chnhy vo aoXao ng ! Li im lm33.4. There is the old pond !

Lo, into it jumps a froghark, waters music!

C mt ci ao cKa, mt con chnhy vo n

Amtntnhcnc vang ln !33.5. The silent old pond

a mirror of ancient calm,a frog leaps in splash.

Ao clnglTmgngca cy c ngy xaTing xao ng khi con chnhy vo33.6. Old pond

frog leapingsplashAo c

con chnhy voxao ng33.7. Antic pond

frantic frog jumps ingigantic sound.

Ao cincung con chnhy voting vang khngl33.8. Old pond

leapsplasha frog.

Ao cTingnhy vang lnMt con ch33.9. The old pond,

A frog jumps inPlop !

Ci ao cMt con chnhy vo


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Tm !33.10. The old pond, yes, and

A frog is jumping intoThe water, and spash.

Ci ao c, , ka

Mt con changnhy vo ncV xo ng

Cc dch gi ting Anh bi 35:Robert Hass dch bi 35.1William J.Higginson dch bi 35.2Harry Behn dch bi 35.3John Bryan dch bi 35.4Dion ODonnoldch bi 35.5Cid Corman dch bi 35.6Bernard Lionel Einbond 35.7Lucien Stryck dch bi 35.8Allan Watts dch bi 35.9

G.S.Fraser dch bi 35.10

34. The squid sellers callThe squid sellers callmingles with the voiceof the cuckoo.Ngi bn mcng rao lnLnviting ku

con chim gy35. This old villageThis old villagenot a single housewithout persimmon treesCi lng c nyChngphimt ngi nh nchicThiu cy hng vng

36. What fish feelWhat fish feel,birds feel, I dont know

the year ending.C cmthy gChim nghsao, ti khng bitNmsp tn37. When the winter chrysanthemums goWhen the winter chrysanthemums go,theres nothing to write aboutbut radishes


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Khi hoa cc ma ngli tnChng c g vitNgoi m cy cci38. Winter gardenWinter garden,

the moon thinned to a thread,insects singingVn ma ngnh trngmngdnnhsichCn trng ht vang39. Winter solitudeWinter solitudeIn a world of one colorThe sound of wind

C n ma ngTrong thgiimt muTing gi thi40. Wrapping the rice cakes

Wrapping the rice cakes,With one hand

She fingers back her hairGi bnhVimt bn tayC la ngn tay ngc vo mi tc

Ngun:Publisher: www.poemhunter.comThe Worlds Poetry ArchiveClassic Poetry seriesMatsuo BashoPublication date: 2004

Bin dch: Phng Hoi Ngcihc An Giang 12.2007
http://www.poemhunter.com-/http://www.poemhunter.com-/http://www.poemhunter.com-/


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Nguyn tc 36 bi haiku Basho ch Nht(ch Nht, phin m hin i, ting Anh v ting Vit)

Mi bi thchvitmt dng, dcxungnhmtbc tranh th phpBi 1

Kusa no to moSumikawaru yo zoHina no ieEven a thatched hutMay change with a new ownerinto a dolls houseNgay c tp luci thay theo chmi

tr thnh ngi nh xinh

Bi 2

Yuku haru yaTori naki uo noMe wa namidaSpring is passing by !Birds are weeping and the eyesOf fish fill with tears.


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Ma xun ra iting chim ncnmt c ly

Bi 3

Shibaraku waTaki ni komoru yaGe no hajimeFor a little whileIll shut myself inside the falls-

Summer retreat has begunTrong mt lcti s khp mnh vo trong thcMa h ndt ra hotng

Bi 4

Kasane to waYaenadeshiko no


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Na naru beshiDouble that must beThe name somebody gave toA double- petalled pink

Kp- chchn l

tn ai t chohoa cmchng mu hng

Bi 5

Natsuyama niAshida wo ogamuKadode kanaIn summer mountains

I bow before his high clogs-Myjourneys just begunTrong dy ni ma hTi ci lytrci giy gca niCuc hnh trnh mibtu

Bi 6


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Kitsusuki mo

Io wa yaburazu

Natsu kodachiEven woodpeckers

Do not harm this little hutPerched in summer trees.Ngay n chim g kinkhng lm hicnlunhu trn cy ma h.

Bi 7

Ta ichi maiUete tachisaruYanagi kanaThey sowed a whole fieldAnd only then did I leave

Saigyos willow tree.H gieo m trn khp cnh ng

v lc ti rikhicy liuca Saigyo.

Bi 8


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Furyu noHajime ya Oku noTaue utaThe true beginningsOf poetry- an OkuRice- planting songNibtuthcsca thi camt vng ngbcnhng bi ca trng la.

Bi 9

Sanae toruTemoto ya mukashishinobuzuriDeft hands that now pluckSeedlings, once you used to press

Patterns from the stonesNhng bn tay kho nay nhm gieo ht,tng dng n xoanhng hoa vntphin

Bi 10


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Oi mo tachi moSatsuki ni kazarekaminobori

S

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