Bao Cao Chi Tiet Vdk

8/3/2019 Bao Cao Chi Tiet Vdk

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Trng H Cng Nghip H Ni n mn Vi iu khin

B CNG THNGTRNG I HC CNG NGHIP H NI

KHOA : IN T

N MN HC TI: THIT K M HNH KHI LED 3D

Gio vin hng dn:V Th Thu HngSinh vin thc hin:1.L c H2.Nguyn nh Ti3.Mai Ngc Khi

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LI NI U

B vi iu khin vit tt l Micro-controller, l mch tch hp trn mtchp c th lp trnh c, dng iu khin hot ng ca h thng. B viiu khin tin hnh c, lu tr thng tin, x l thng tin, o lng thi gianv tin hnh c m mt c cu no .

Ngi lp trnh c th s dng nhiu ngn ng lp trnh cho vi iukhin; Nhng thng s dng hai ngn ng chnh lp trnh l : Ngn nglp trnh C v ngn ng lp trnh Assembly (lp trnh trn phn cng ca mytnh).Sau khi lp trnh xong phn trnh dch c np vo IC v dng IC ny iukhin cc h thng theo yu cu ra:

Hin nay vi iu khin rt pht trin, n c ng dng vo rt nhiulnh vc nh: Sn xut cng nghip, t ng ho v rt nhiu lnh vc khc. Sovi k thut s th vi iu khin nh gn hn rt nhiu do n c tch hp liv c lp trnh iu khin.

Vi ti : Thit k khi led 3D cube dng 5x5x5 chng em mun vitln mt s ng dng ca IC ny ng thi th hin nhng kin thc mnh hc c. C th trong qu trnh thit k v ng dng c nhiu vn c thcha c nh mong mun, chng em mong c s nhn xt ch bo ca ccthy chng em c th hon thnh tt hn nhng n v sau.

Chng em xin chn thnh cm n!!!

Gio vin hng dn : Nguyn Thu HngSinh vin thc hin : L c H

Nguyn nh TiMai Ngc Khi

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PHN MTC S L THUYT

I: Gii thiu s lc v b vi iu khin 8051(89S52):1: IC vi iu khin thuc h MCS51 c cc c im sau:4 kbyte ROM128 byte RAM4 port I/O 8 bit2 b nh thi1 cng ni tip6 ngun ngt

Nhng thc t hin nay ta hay s dng 8052 (89S52) cng l mt thnh vin h8051 . 8052 c tt c cc c tnh ca 8051 ngoi ra cn c thm 4 kbyte ROM,128 byte RAM v mt b nh thi na.

Vi iu khin 8051

2: Cu trc bn trong IC8051:

Phn chnh ca vi iu khin 8051 l b vi x l trung tm ( CPU: centralprocessing unit).n v x l trung tm nhn trc tip xung t b dao ng, ngoi ra cn c kh

nng a mt tn hiu gi nhp t bn ngoi.

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Chng trnh ang chy c th dng li nh mt khi iu khin ngt bntrong. Cc ngun ngt c th l : Cc bin c bn ngoi, s trn ca b mnh thi hoc cng c th l giao din ni tip.Ba b nh thi 16bit hot ng nh mt b m.Cc cng Port0, Port1, Port2, Port3. S dng vo mc ch iu khin v xutnhp tn hiu. cng Port3 c thm cc ng dn iu khin dng trao ivi b nh bn ngoi, hoc u ni giao din ni tip, cng nh cc ngngt dn bn ngoi.

S khi 89S52.

Giao din ni tip c cha mt b truyn v mt b nhn khng ng b, lmvic c lp vi nhau. Tc truyn qua cng ni tip c th t trong di rngv c n nh bng mt b nh thi.Trong vi iu khin 8051 c hai thnh phn quan trng khc l b nh vcc thanh ghi:B nh gm c b nh RAM v b nh ROM dng l tr d liu v m

lnh.

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Cc thanh ghi s dng l tr thng tin trong qu trnh x l. Khi CPU lmvic n thay i ni dung cc thanh ghi.

3: Cc Port ca 89S52:a :Port0 (P0.0-P0.7):Port 0 gm 8 chn, ngoi chc nng xut nhp, Port 0 cn l bus a hp dliu v a ch (AD0-AD7), chc nng ny s c s dng khi 8051 giao tipvi tht b ngoi c cc kin trc bus nh mch nh, mch PIO

Cu trc ca cc chn trn Port 0.b :Port1 (P1.0-P1.7):i vi 8051, chc nng duy nht ca Port 1 l chc nng xut nhp, cng nh

cc Port khc Port 1 c th xut nhp theo bit hoc theo byte.

Hnh 4: Cu trc ca cc chn trn Port 1 v Port3.

c :Port2 (P2.0-P2.7):Port 2 l mt Port cng dng kp trn cc chn 21-28 c dng nh ccng xut nhp hoc l byte cao cua Bus a ch vi cc thit k dng b nh

m rng

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Hnh 5 : Cu trc cc chn trn Port 2

d :Port3 (P3.0-P3.7):

Mi chn trn Port 3 ngoi chc nng xut nhp cn c mt chc nng ring,c th nh sau :

Port Tn Chc nng chuyn iP3.0 RXD D liu nhn cho Port ni tipP3.1 TXD D liu pht cho Port ni tipP3.2 INT0 Ngt 0 bn ngoiP3.3 INT1 Ngt 1 bn ngoiP3.4 T0 Ng vo ca Timer/Counter 0P3.5 T1 Ng vo ca Timer/Counter 1P3.6 WR Xung ghi b nh d liu ngoiP3.7 RD Xung c b nh d liu ngoi

4 : Nghin cu tng th v vi iu khin :

Nhn tng th chng ta c th tn hiu v vi iu khin trong 3 mng vn chnh l: Cc b nh thi Timer, Port ni tip v Ngt.4.1: Hot ng nh thi :

Cc thanh ghi:Timer 0 v Timer 1 : Thanh ghi ch nh thi (TMOD)

Thanh ghi iu khin Timer ( TCON)Cc thanh ghi cha gi tr ca cc b nh thi.

Timer 2 : Thanh ghi T2CON.Thanh ghi T2MODThanh ghi TH2 v TL2,RCAP2H v RCAP2L

Cc ch hot ng ca Timer:Timer 0 v Timer 1: Ch 0 : Timer 13 bit.

Ch 1: Timer 16 bit.Ch 2 : 8 bit t ng np li.

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Ch 3 : Tch TimerTimer 2 : Ch thu nhn (Captuer) : 16bit t np li

Ch t np li (Auto-Reload) : 16bit thu nhnCh cung cp tc Baud cho cng ni tip.

4.2: Cng ni tip:

Cc thanh ghi cng ni tip: Thanh ghi iu khin cng ni tip (SCON), thanhghi m truyn nhn cng ni tip (SBUF).Cc ch hot ng: Ch 0 v ch 1, ch 2.ng dng truyn nhn qua cng ni tip v truyn thng a x l.4.3: Ngt v x l ngt:

Thanh ghi cho php ngt IE ( Interrupt Enable).Thanh ghi u tin ngt IP.Cc vector ngt v s hiu ngt.

Ngt C a ch vector S hiuReset h thng RST 0000HBn ngoi 0 IE0 0003H 0Timer 0 TF0 000BH 1Bn ngoi 1 IE1 0013H 2Timer 1 TF1 001BH 3Port ni tip TI hoc RI 0023H 4Timer 2 TX2 hoc EXF2 002BH 5

89S52 c 6 ngun ngt:Ngt ngoi INT0.Ngt ngoi INT1.Ngt do b Timer 0.Ngt do b Timer 1.Ngt do b Timer 2.Ngt do Port ni tip.

Cc ngt ngoi sy ra khi c mc thp hoc sn xung trn chn INT0 hocINT1 ca vi iu khin. y l chc nng chuyn i ca cc bit Port 3 (P3.2v P3.3).

Ngt cng ni tip xy ra khi c pht (TI) hoc c ngt thu (RI) c t lnmc1. Ngt pht xy ra khi mt k t nhn xong v ang i trong SBUF c c.Cc ngt cng ni tip khc vi cc ngt Timer. C gy ra ngt cng ni tipkhng b xo bng phn cng khi CPU chuyn ti ngt, do c hai ngun ngtcng ni tip TI v RI. Ngun ngt phi c xc nh trong ISR v c tongt s c xo bng phn mm. Cc ngt Timer c ngt c xo bng phncng khi CPU hng ti ISR.

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II : Gii thiu v IC ghi dch 74HC595:Cu to v hot ng ca 74HC595

Cu to v hnh dng thc t ca 74HC595

74HC595 l IC ghi dch c ng di dng v 16 chn.Chc nng vhot ng ca tng chn:

- Chn 8 v chn 16 l chn GND v VCC cp ngun cho IC- Chn 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,15 l 8 u ra d liu song song- Chn 9 l chn ra d liu ni tip- Chn 10 l chn Reset tch cc mc thp. Khi a mc 0 vo chn ny

tt c d liu ca IC b reset v mc 0- Chn 14 l chn nhn d liu ni tip t bn ngoi- Chn 13 cho php xut d liu ra tch cc mc thp. Khi hot ng chn

ny thng c ni vi GND- Chn 11 l chn cho php nhn xung d liu ghi dch vo chn 14- Chn 12 l chn cho php xut d liu ra, mi khi chn ny c a

ln mc cao, IC li xut d liu qua cc u ra d liu song song.-

III : Gii thiu v khi led 3D cube 5x5x5

Led 3D cube 5x5x5 l khi led n sc bao gm 125 led n lin kt vinhau c b tr thnh mt ma trn 3 chiu bao gm 5 lp, mi lp gm 25 ledn nh mt ma trn 5x5, c th hiu n gin n ging nh mt khi led cxp li t 5 led ma trn 5x5. Trong cc Katot ca cc led trn cng mt lpc ni chung v cc Anot trn cng mt ct c ni chung li. Mun mtled bt k ti v tr mong mun sng ta ch cn cp ngun cho ct v lp tng

ngVic cp in th cao cho cc lp c thc hin bi 5 transistor PNP.

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Nm Transistor ny c iu khin bi 5 chn IO ca vi iu khin v cphn cc vng bo ha v vng ngng tng ng vi mc logic 0 v 1 (ngc mc logic vi chn IO ca vi iu khin).Vic cp in th thp cho cc ct c thc hin bi 25 chn IO ca vi iukhin, do khng c transistor nhn dng nn khi khi tnh ton in tr hndng cho led phi lu n kh nng nhn dng ca chn IO vi iu khin(thng s IOL khong 200mA l ti a).

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PHN HAINI DUNG THIT K SN PHM

1: S nguyn lMch gm cc thnh phn chnh: IC89S52, LM7805, khi cube 5x5x5,

ULN2803, IC ghi dch 74HC595

S nguyn l

2: Nguyn l hot ng ca mch:Nguyn l hot ng ca khi led ging nh nguyn l hot ng ca

led ma trn thng, ngha l vo mi thi im ch c 1 lp LED c cpngun, v tng ng vi m led ti mi ct s cho ra led sng tng ng.

Vi iu khin 89S52 lm nhim v chuyn i d liu cho khi led tsong song sang ni tip v ghi vo 74HC595 cp m cho cc led sng theomong mun to ra cc hiu ng

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3: Thut ton

4: Code lp trnh#include#include

/////////////////////////////////////sbit DATA = P2^5;sbit SCK = P2^7;sbit LACH = P2^6;

sbit L1=P1^0;

sbit L2=P1^1;sbit L3=P1^2;sbit L4=P1^3;sbit L5=P1^4;unsigned char temp1,temp2,temp3,temp4;unsigned char i,j;

/////////////////////////////////////////void delay(unsigned int ms){unsigned int i,j;

for(i=0;i


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////////////////////////void hienthi(unsigned char x){unsigned int i,temp;

for(i=0;i


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temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0xf0;temp4=0x01;xuat();L1=1;delay(1);L1=0;temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0x00;temp4=0x01;xuat();L2=1;delay(1);L2=0;temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0xf0;temp4=0x01;xuat();L3=1;delay(1);L3=0;temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0x00;temp4=0x01;xuat();L4=1;delay(1);L4=0;temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0xf0;temp4=0x01;xuat();L5=1;delay(1);L5=0;

}P2=0;delay(300);//CHU Kfor(j=0;j


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temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0xe0;temp4=0x00;xuat();L1=1;delay(1);L1=0;temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0x10;temp4=0x01;xuat();L2=1;delay(1);L2=0;temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0x10;temp4=0x01;xuat();L3=1;delay(1);L3=0;temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0x10;temp4=0x01;xuat();L4=1;delay(1);L4=0;temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0x10;temp4=0x01;xuat();L5=1;delay(1);L5=0;

}P2=0;delay(300);//CHU Ifor(j=0;j


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}//FAMER 4for(j=0;j


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for(i=0;i


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temp1=0x08;temp2=0x21,temp3=0x84;temp4=0x00;xuat();L1=1;delay(1);L1=0;temp1=0x94;temp2=0x52,temp3=0x4a;temp4=0x01;xuat();L2=1;delay(1);L2=0;temp1=0x42;temp2=0x08,temp3=0x21;temp4=0x00;xuat();L3=1;delay(1);L3=0;temp1=0x21;temp2=0x84,temp3=0x10;temp4=0x00;xuat();L4=1;delay(1);L4=0;temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00,temp3=0x00;temp4=0x00;xuat();L5=1;delay(1);L5=0;

}//FAMER 7for(j=0;j


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temp1=0x00;temp2=0x00;temp3=0xf0;temp4=0x01;xuat();L1=L2=L3=L4=L5=1;delay(ms);

//FAMER 2temp1=0x00;temp2=0x80;temp3=0x0f;temp4=0x00;xuat();delay(ms);

//FAMER 3

temp1=0x00;temp2=0x7f;temp3=0x00;temp4=0x00;xuat();delay(ms);//FAMER 4temp1=0xe0;temp2=0x03;temp3=0x00;temp4=0x00;xuat();delay(ms);

//FAMER 5temp1=0x1f;temp2=0x00;temp3=0x00;temp4=0x00;xuat();delay(ms);

//FAMER 6temp1=0xe0;temp2=0x03;temp3=0x00;temp4=0x00;xuat();delay(ms);

//FAMER 7temp1=0x00;temp2=0x7f;temp3=0x00;temp4=0x00;xuat();delay(ms);

//FAMER 8temp1=0x00;temp2=0x80;temp3=0x0f;temp4=0x00;xuat();delay(ms);L1=L2=L3=L

4=L5=0;}}///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////void songbien2(unsigned int ms,unsigned int m){

L1=L2=L3=L4=L5=1;for(i=0;i


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//FAMER 2L2=1;delay(ms);L2=0;//FAMER 3L3=1;delay(ms);L3=0;//FAMER 4

L4=1;delay(ms);L4=0;//FAMER 5L5=1;delay(ms);L5=0;//FAMER 6L4=1;delay(ms);L4=0;//FAMER 7L3=1;delay(ms);L3=0;//FAMER 8L2=1;delay(ms);L2=0;}}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////void main(){

P2=0;delay(1000);chaychu(100);while(1){locxoay(12,10);diemsang(100,4);nuocdang(80,3);

pittong(80,3);songbien2(100,10);songbien(16,10);}}

PHN BANG DNG V HNG PHT TRIN

1: Hng pht trinVi khi led 5x5x5 ta c th xy dng mch theo 2 phng php khc

ngoi phng php s dng IC ghi dch 74HC595. Th nht l tn dng chn

vi iu khin 89S52 (c sn 32 chn), trong c 25 chn iu khin ct v 5chn iu khin lp nhng phng php ny c nhc im l tn chn In/Outca vi iu khin, khng thc hin c cc cng vic khc nu cn. Th hai l

phng php qut 3 bt kt hp transistor lm kha in t, phng php nyd qut nhng code lp trnh ln, khng thch hp vi vi iu khin 89S52 c

b nh thp (8kB), ta c th m rng phng php ny vi cc h vi iu khinkhc c b nh ln v ph bin hin nay nh PIC, AVR

Vic xy dng c khi led 5x5x5 chng ta c th pht trin ln vicc khi led c kch thc ln hn nh 8x8x8 hoc 16x16x16.2: ng dng thc t:

Rt thch hp lm n nhy trong cc qun bar, nh hng to cc hiung p mt

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