A.stadler Duets

8/10/2019 A.stadler Duets

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Preface

This first

printed

edition s

based

n

a contemporary

op y

of the

parts

n

the

posthumous apers

of

the clarinett ist

Karl Kroll (classificationumber387),which s now n my

own

ibrarv.

The

manuscript

was

accompanied

y a

folder

bearing he

inscription

Mozart". This

wasdeletedby

a later

handan d

replaced ith the name Antonius

Stadler".

The

proximity

of the

present

workt ethos

particularly

that of the

slow

movement to Mozart's

music

gave

ise o

its

erroneousattribution to

Mozart

in

the nineteenth

century.Yet this false

attribution n itself ends

weight o

the identificati on

f Anton Stadler s he composer

f

the

present

work:

for Stadler

was

in

a better

position

han

virtually any

of Mozart 'sother contemporarieso study

and mitate he latter 's tyleof writing or the clarinet.

The

publication

f

this attractive our.movement

uo

will

thus serve to illustrate

the capabilities

f

one

of the

eighteenth

entury's

clarinetvirtuosos

hen

he turned

hi s

hand

to composing. t

wil l

also add

a

new

work to the

rep€rtoire

or

two

clarinets

a repertoire hich,

while

no t

exactly under-represented,

ften

leaves omething o be

deslred

n terms

of

quality.

Anton Stadler s still today regarded s one

of

the

best

clarinettists

f his

centuiy.

Born

n

Bruckan der L eithaon

June 28th 1753,he

died

n

Viennaon

June 15th 1812.Hi s

brother

Johann

Nepomuk

FranzStadler

born

n

Vienna n

6. 5. 1755, died in Vienna on 2.5. 1804)was alsoan out-

standinq

larinettist.

efore

he

brothers

oined

he imperial

court

orchestra

n

Vienna

n 1787, hey

had been n

the

employ

-

as

clarinettists nd

basset

orn

players

of the

Russianenvoy to Vienna,

Prince Dmitri Mikhailovitc h

Golicyn

(Galitsin)

1720'17941.

Mozart

was

a frequent

visitor

o the Prince's esidence,nd t

was

probably

here

that he first met

Anton

Stadler.

On

lrlarch 23td

1784 Anton

Stadler organised

a musical

'academy'

in

Vienna.

The

programme

n all

probability

n-

cludedMozart's ind

serenade 361

(370a1.

n

the

second

volumeof his "Literarische ragmente",

ublished

n

Graz

ln 1785, Johann Friedrich Schink writes of Stadler's

'academy':

"My thanks o

you,

good

virtuoso. had

never

before

heard

your

instrument

played

as

you played

t.

I

never

hought hat a clarinetcould so

perfectly

mitate he

human

voiceas

vours

did. Your

instrument asso soft, so

ingratiating

tone that nobody with

any feelings ould

resist "

Mozart,

certainly, ould not "resist".

The very next

week

found him

and Stadler

erforming

he

piano

quintet

K 452.

A friendship sprangup

between he two

men

and

continued

after Stadler's

ppointment o the imperial

ourt

orchestra.

In his new posthe made he acquaintancef the foremost

f igures n

Vienna'smusical ife. Besides

laying

n

the court

orchestra e

sti l l found

ime o

perform

n

numerous

rivate

concertsand to

undertakeconcert ours throughout

Europe.

The

ame of the Stadlerbrotherswas

such

hat Ernst Ludwig

Gerber devotes

a

whole

entrv to them in

his

"Neues

Histo-

risch-Biographischesexicon

der

Tonkiinstler"

'1790/92]..

Gerberwrites: "

. , . They are

members f

the'lmperial

Wind Band',which consists f eig htwind

instruments

nd

in

which they are he masterly ccupants f the

posit ions

of 1st and 2nd clarinettists , . "

During he lastyears f Mozart'sife Anton Stadlerwasone

of his

closest

riends.

Both

were

reemasonsnd

belonged

to the lodge Zum Palmbau m"; nd Mozartwas

n

the habit

of

inventing

nicknames

or

Stadler,

s

we know

from

hi s

correspondence.s later

Heinrich

Birmann

(1784-1847)

with

Weber and

Richard Miihlfeld

(1856

-

1907)

with

Brahms, tadler

nspired

Mozartt

greatest

ompositionsor

and

with

clarinet,The clarinet

quintet

and the clarinet

concerto, comDosed

or the

basset

clarinet which Stadler

had developed

and which he

preferredplaying,

would

never

havebeenwritten without

Stadler'sencouragement.

Posterity has

drawn

an uncharitable

icture

of Stadler,

depictinghim as a sycophant, s unscrupulousnddevoid

of

integrity,as havingelicitedmoney

and valuablesro m

Mozart.

This, at any rate,

is

how Mozart's

biographer

G.

N.von Nissen escribe s

im.

Stadler'sown "Musikplan"

suggests

very

different

picture

of

the m an. Here

he

writes:

The

artistshouldnot

only

be

accomDlished

n his own field; he

should also

lead

an

exemplary

ife,

endearing

imself o the

general

ublic

by

his integrityand winning

he affectionof

all art ists and

aboveall his

colleagues by his uprightbehaviour

nd his

modestv."

Of Stadler'scompositions listed by Gerber few have sur-

vived.

The

present

Duo is not

alluded o in the secondary

literature.Stadler

presumably

rote

it as a vehicle

or

hi s

own

and his brother's

irtuoso apabilities.

Articulation

marks

and

dvnamics

avebeen

addedwhere

necessary.

Kirchzarten,

ovember

984 D .K .

A.stadler Duets

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