arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mimarT mosaxleobis ......arasamTavrobo organizaciebi)! 2.3! 14.!...

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mimarT mosaxleobis

damokidebulebis sociologiuri Seswavla

(2005 wlis april-maisSi Catarebuli raodenobrivi sociologiuri

gamokvlevis Sedegebis analizi)

Tavi 1: meTodologia sociologiuri gamokvlevisaTvis

sociologiuri gamokvlevis tipi: raodenobrivi sociologiuri gamokvleva.

kvlevis meTodi: sociologiuri kvleva Catarda gamokiTxvis meTodiT, kerZod,

pirispir (face to face) intervius formis gamoyenebiT.

kvlevis sagani: sociologiuri kvleva iTvaliswinebda saqarTvelos mosaxleobis

damokidebulebis Seswavlas arasamTavrobo seqtoris mimarT saqarTveloSi.

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mimarT damokidebulebis (atitudebis) Seswavla

ganxorcielda Semdegi maCveneblebis (indikatorebis) mixedviT:

1. moqalaqeTa informirebuloba arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da maTi

saqmianobis Sesaxeb;

2. moqalaqeTa darwmunebuloba imaSi, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciebi dadebiT

rols asrulebs saqarTveloSi mimdinare procesebSi;

3. moqalaqeTa darwmunebulobis xarisxi imaSi, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

sazogadoebas sasargeblo momsaxurebas awvdis;

4. moqalaqeTa survili, iTanamSromlon arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan;

5. moqalaqeTa realuri monawileobis xarisxi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

saqmianobaSi.

TiToeuli maCveneblis mniSvnelobebi Sefasda sinTezurad (kompleqsurad), gansazRvruli

cvladebis gaerTianebis safuZvelze. amasTan, ganxorcielda TiToeuli mniSvnelobis

formalizacia/kvantifikacia, ricxobriv maCveneblebSi maTi gamoxatvis safuZvelze. saboloo

jamSi, daiTvala arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan mosaxleobis damokidebulebis sinTezuri

indikatoris mniSvneloba, calkeuli maCveneblisaTvis “wonis” miniWebisa da maTi ricxobrivi

mniSvnelobebis saSualo ariTmetikulis gamoTvlis safuZvelze (amis Sesaxeb dawvrilebiT

qvemoT iqneba saubari . )

kvlevis obieqti: sociologiuri gamokvleva Catarda saqarTvelos 18 wlis da zemoT

mosaxleobaSi.

1

SerCeva: respondentTa SerCeva ganxorcielda rogorc kvoturi, ise SemTxveviTi

SerCevis principebis daciT. kerZod, SerCeviTi erTobliobis moculobis

gaTvaliswinebiT da SerCevis reprezentatulobis uzrunvelsayofad, generalur

erTobliobaSi mocemuli proporciebis Sesabamisad winaswar ganisazRvra

respondentTa kvotebi sqesis, asakobrivi jgufebis da regionis zomis mixedviT. rac

Seexeba ojaxebSi respondentTa amorCevis wess, aRniSnuli kvotebis farglebSi,

SemTxveviTobis maqsimalurad uzrunvelsayofad, gamoyenebul iqna uaxloesi

dabadebis dRis principi. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ojaxis wevrTa Soris am principiT

SerCeuli pirovneba kvotas ar Seesabameboda, interviueri gadadioda Semdeg ojaxze

da ase moZraobda manam, vidre sasurvel respondents ar ipovida. ojaxebs Soris

intervali (biji) gansxvavebulad ganisazRvra TbilisisaTvis (yoveli me-9 ojaxi),

danarCeni urbanuli centrebisaTvis (yoveli me-7 ojaxi) da soflebisaTvis (yoveli

me-5 ojaxi). im SemTxvevaSi, Tu raime mizeziT, SeuZlebeli iyo ojaxTan da

respondentTan kavSiris damyareba, interviuers ekrZaleboda uaxloes ojaxTan

dakavSireba da gadaadgildeboda bijis dacviT. es uzrunvelyofda respondentebis

gafantulobas da sakvlevi urbanuli centrebis maqsimalur mocvas. damatebiT

respondentebs miewodaT SerCevis geografiuli wertilebi da gadaadgilebis

sivrciTi areali (quCebis da ubnebis mixedviT), ramac gamoricxa erTsa da imave

wertilSi ganmeorebiTi vizitebis SesaZlebloba.

generalur erTobliobas warmoadgenda saqarTvelos cxrave regionis 18 wlis da

zeviT mosaxleoba. kvotebi (sqesis da asakis mixedviT) ganisazRvra TiToeuli

regionSi mocemuli proporciebis Sesabamisad. SerCeviTi erTobliobis moculobaa

1200 respondenti, romlebic regionebis mixedviT ganawilda statistikuri monacemebis

Sesabamisad.

aRsaniSnavia, rom SerCeviT erTobliobas warmoadgenen mxolod is respondentebi,

romlebmac ganacxades, rom floben gansazRvrul informacias arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis Sesaxeb. Sesabamisad, yvela monacemi daTvlilia saqarTvelos

mosaxleobis am kategoriis (informirebuli) respondentTaTvis. rac Seexeba

SerCevaSi armoxvedril im adamianebs, romlebsac araferi smeniaT mesame seqtoris

Sesaxeb, gamokvlevis Sedegad dadginda maTi xvedriTi wili mTel mosaxleobaSi,

aseve, am kategoriis (arainformirebuli) respondentTa demografiuli suraTi

(sacxovrebeli adgili, sqesi, asaki da sxv.)1.

1 amis Sesaxeb ufro dawvrilebiT iqneba aRwerili arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sesaxeb informirebulobis blokSi (ix. Tavi 2)

2

SerCeviTi erTobliobis moculobisTvis qveynis masStabiT Sefasebebis cdomilebebi

daaxloebiT 3-4-%-ia 95%-iani saimedoobiT. sxvadasxva parametriT gamoyofil

qvejgufebSi Sefasebebis cdomilebebi ufro maRalia.

sabolo jamSi, SerCevis modeli ase gamoiyureba2 (ix. cxrili #1):

cxrili #1

qalaqi! sofeli! sul!#! regioni!

respondentTa raodenoba!

1.! Tbilisi! 302! 0! 302!

2.! kaxeTi! 22! 105! 127!

3.! Sida qarTli! 34! 50! 84!

4.! qvemo qarTli! 54! 81! 135!

5.! samcxe-javaxeTi! 17! 38! 55!

6.! aWara! 47! 52! 99!

7.! guria! 10! 29! 39!

8.! samegrelo! 52! 77! 129!

9.! imereTi! 100! 101! 201!

10.! mcxeTa-mTianeTi! 7! 22! 29!

sul:! 645! 555! 1200

sxvasaxva demografiuli parametris mixedviT respondentebi ase ganawildnen:

sqesi

(%)!

asaki

(%)!

erovneba

(%)!

ganaTleba

(%)!

ojaxuri

mdgomareoba

(%)!

1. mamrobiTi -– 45.0

2. mdedrobiTi -–

55.0

!

1. 18-24 –- 13.2

2. 25-34 –- 18.8

3. 35-44 -– 20.1

4. 45-54 -– 13.9

5. 55-64 -– 16.3

6. 65 da meti+ -

17.8!

1. qarTveli –- 87.6

2. araqarTveli - –

12.4!

1. araumaRlesi –-

57.5

2. umaRlesi – 42.7

!

dauojaxebeli - 21.9

qorwinebaSi myofi - 67.9

ganqorwinebuli - 1.5

qvrivi - 8.2

martoxela mSobeli - 0.5

dasaqmebis sferoebis mixedviT (ix. cxrili #2) :

cxrili #2

#! sferoebi! sakuTari biznesi

(%)!

saxelmwifo

seqtori

(%)!

kerZo

seqtori

(%)!

1.! mrewveloba/mSenebloba! 0.4! 1.2! 1.4!

2.! momsaxurebis sfero! 0.8! 1.6! 1.7!

3.! vaWroba! 3.5! -! 2.3!

4.! transporti! 0.2! 0.7! 1.2!

5.! skola//umaRlesi saswavlebeli//baRi! -! 6.8! 0.2!

6.! jandacvis

obieqti//ambulatoria//saavadmyofo!

-! 1.8! 0.7!

7.! policia//jari//sasamarTlo//prokuratura! -! 1.3! 0.1!

8.! meria//gamgeoba//sakrebulo! -! 1.2! -!

9.! saojaxo meurneoba! 10.2! -! 4.4!

!10.! studenti! 6.3!

11.! diasaxlisi3 18.4!

2 aRniSnuli sqema damuSavebulia centralur statistikur sammarTveloSi arsebuli uaxlesi statistikuri monacemebis safuZvelze. kerZod, gamoyenebulia 1999 wels mosaxleobis sayovelTao

aRwerisaTvis Catarebuli mosamzadebeli samuSaoebis statistikuri masalebi.

3 diasaxlisis kategoriaSi Sevidnen is respondentebi, romlebic dakavebulni arian mxolod saxlis (binis) saqmeebiT da ar muSaoben Tundac saojaxo meurneobaSi. amasTan, sakuTari Tavis identifikacias

ar axdenen umuSevarTan.

3

12.! pensioneri/invalidi! 16.4!

13.! sxva (mecniereba, kultura, masmedia, , arasamTavrobo organizaciebi)!

2.3!

14.! umuSevari4 14.3

Tviuri Semosavlis mixedviT (ojaxis yvela wevris Semosavlebis gaTvaliswinebiT):

1. 50 larze naklebi _ 17.8% 2. 51-200 lari _ 46.4% 3. 200 larze meti _ 26.3% 4. miWirs pasuxis gacema _ 9.4%

savele samuSaoebSi, mTlianobaSi, monawileoba miiRo 50-mde interviuerma, romelTac

aqvT sociologiur kvlevebSi monawileobis gamocdileba. maT CautardaT specialuri

instruqtaJi kiTxvaris specifikis gaTvaliswinebiT.

monacemebis analizi: pirveladi sociologiuri masala damuSavda SPSS kompiuteruli programis gamoyenebiT. analizisas gamoyenebul iqna iseTi meTodebi, rogoricaa

monacemebis dajgufeba da tipologizacia, korelaciuri analizi, klasteruli analizi

da sxv. ganxorcielebuli analizi, ZiriTadad, aRweriTi xasiaTisaa.

4 umuSevris kategoriaSi Sevidnen is respondentebi, romlebic ar muSaobdnen, sul mcire, gamokiTxvis momentis wina Svidi dRis ganmavlobaSi.

4

Tavi 2: zogadi Sefasebebi

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mimarT mosaxleobis damokidebuleba SeiZleba

Sefasdes qveyanaSi arsebuli instituciebis mimarT damokidebulebebis cvlilebis

fonze _ 2003 wels Catarebuli analogiuri kvlevis SedegebTan SedarebiT. kerZod,

mkveTradaa Secvlili respondentTa damokidebuleba qveynis ganviTarebis ZiriTadi

kursis Sefasebisas. kiTxvaze: – Q”rogor fiqrobT, movlenebi Cvens qveyanaSi, ZiriTadad, swori Tu araswori mimarTulebiT viTardeba?” –_ respondentTa pasuxebi

(ori wlis winandelTan SedarebiT) dadebiTi Sefasebisken ixreba, Tumca, mainc

SesaZlebelia vilaparakoT TiTqmis Tanabrad gayofil sazogadoebriv azrze qveynis

kursis Sefasebisas. amasTanave, respondentTa umravlesoba ufro frTxil Sefasebebs

arCevs (“ufro swori, vidre araswori mimarTulebiT”). rogorc Cans, radikaluri

optimizmis talRa sakmaod dasustda. mkveTrad Semcirda, agreTve, prezident

SevardnaZis mmarTvelobis bolo wlebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli radikaluri

negativisturi ganwyobebi (ix. cxrili @#.3):

cxrili @#.3

! !

2003 w.

(%)!

2005 w.

(%)

1.! swori mimarTulebiT! 2.2! 12.7

2. ! ufro swori, vidre araswori mimarTulebiT! 9.7! 35.6

3. ! ufro araswori, vidre swori mimarTulebiT! 21.8! 21.7

4. ! araswori mimarTulebiT! 63.3! 19.0

5.! miWirs pasuxis gacema! 3.2! 10.9

sazogadoebrivi azris “ambivalenturoba” ufro meti sisruliT vlindeba

saxelisuflebo struqturebis Sefasebisas. saqarTveloSi arsebuli

arasaxelisuflebo institutebis mimarT respondentTa damokidebuleba ufro

dadebiTia. mkveTrad Seicvala arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis Sefaseba: Tu ori

wlis win Catarebuli gamokiTxva dadebiTad da uaryofiTad ganwyobilTa TiTqmis

Tanabar raodenobas afiqsirebda, amJamad, mesame seqtoris mimarT dadebiTad

ganwyobilTa raodenoba orjer sWarbobs uaryofiTad ganwyobilTa raodenobas.

sainteresoa, rom gaizarda im respondentTa xvedriTi wili, romlebic gaurkvevel

pozicias afiqsireben kerZo biznesSi da saerTaSoriso safinanso organizaciebSi

mimdinare procesebis mimarT. rogorc Cans, saerTaSoriso safinanaso organizaciebi

naklebad aRiqmeba, rogorc mniSvnelovani aqtorebi saqarTveloSi mimdinare

procesebSi. kerZo biznesSi mimdinare procesebic naklebad gamWirvalea da biznesis

“xma” naklebad esmis mosaxleobas (ix. cxrili #4):

cxrili #4

institutebi! dadebiTad

(%)!

uaryofiTad

(%)!

miWirs pasuxis

gacema

(%)

! 2003 w.! 2005 w.! 2003 w.! 2005 w.! 2003 w.! 2005 w. 1. ! saqarTvelos parlamenti! 9.6! 46.4! 89.1! 46.4! 1.4! 6.9

2.! masmedia! 69.3! 73.7! 28.1! 19.3! 2.6! 7.0

3. ! arasamTavrobo seqtori! 45.9! 57.2! 41.3! 27.8! 12.8! 15

4.! saqarTvelos mTavroba! 9.0! 46.1! 89.8! 48.1! 1.3! 5.8

5.! kerZo biznesi! 54.8! 51.7! 37.3! 30.6! 7.8! 17.6

6.! saerTaSoriso safinanso

organizaciebi (msoflio banki,

saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi)!

44.8! 40.4! 32.6! 23.3! 22.7! 36.3

7. ! saqarTvelos marTlmadidebluri

eklesia!

85.4! 84.4! 9.6! 5.1! 5.1! 10.4

5

* * *

iseve rogorc ori wlis win, mosaxleobis SerCeviT erTobliobaSi arasamTavrobo seqtoris

mimarT zogadi damokidebulebis analizma socialur-demografiuli parametrebis mixedviT

(sqesi, asaki, Semosavali) mniSvnelovani statistikuri gansxvavebebi ar gamoavlina.

umniSvnelod gansxvavebuli damokidebuleba gamovlinda ganaTlebis cenzis mixedviT

analizis dros. kerZo, umaRlesi ganaTlebis mqone respondentTa Soris arasamTavrobo

seqtoris mimarT dadebiTad ganwyobilTa xvedriTi wili ufro maRalia (umaRlesi

ganaTlebis mqone respondentebis – 62%; umaRlesi ganaTlebis armqone respondentebis -

53.6%).

rogoria regionebis mixedviT arasamTavrobo seqtoris mimarT damokidebuleba Tu 2003

wlis da 2005 wlis monacemebs SevadarebT? sakmaod mkveTri Zvrebi SeimCneva arasamTavrobo

seqtoris Sefasebisas aWaris, da Sida qarTlisa da mcxeTa-mTianeTis regionebSi. dadebiTi

damokidebulebis maCvenebeli mesame seqtoris mimarT mkveTrad gaizarda (ix cxrili #5): .

cxrili #5 ! dadebiTi

(%)!

ufro

dadebiTi

(%)!

ufro

uaryofiTi

(%)!

uaryofiTi

(%)!

MmiWirs

pasuxis gacema

(%)

! 2003

w.!

2005

w.!

2003

w.!

2005

w.!

2003

w.!

2005

w.!

2003

w.!

2005

w.!

2003

w.!

2005

w.

Tbilisi! 17.2! 18.0! 29.1! 33.7! 14.2! 17.7! 28.8! 17.7! 10.6! 13

kaxeTi! 9.4! 5.5! 35.4! 43.3! 18.9! 24.4! 15.0 !

1.6! 21.3! 25.2

Sida qarTli/

mcxeTa mTianeTi!

6.2! 22.1! 21.2! 46.0! 31.0! 12.4! 33.6! 8.0! 8.0! 11.5

qvemo qarTli/

samcxe-javaxeTi!

11.5! 11.1! 29.8! 37.6! 26.2! 18.0! 22.0! 10.1! 10.5! 23.3

guria/samegrelo! 17.9! 5.4 !

43.5! 56.5! 14.9! 17.3! 10.7! 13.1! 131! 7.7

imereTi! 10.0! 22.9 !

42.0! 36.3! 22.0! 14.4! 12.5! 12.9! 13.5! 13.4

aWara! 2.0! 50.5 !

35.4! 26.3! 27.3! 5.1! 18.2! 7.1! 17.2! 11.1

* * *

2005 wels Catarebulma kvlevam gaimeora ori wlis Catarebuli kvlevis dros

gamovlenili kanonzomiereba: mesame seqtoris mimarT zogad damokidebulebaze

yvelaze met gavlenas axdens is faqti uTanamSromlia Tu ara respondents

arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan. krZod, is respondentebi, romlebsac

uTanamSromliaT arasamTavrobo seqtorTan, ufro dadebiTad afaseben am seqtoris

saqmianobas (ix. diagrama #1.):

,

diagrama #1

6

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis Sefaseba maTTan TanamSromlobis

gamocdilebis gamocdilebis Sesabamisad

44

34

12

5 5

16

40

17

12

16

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

dadebiTad ufro dadebiTad,

vidre uaryofiTad

ufro uaryofiTad,

vidre dadebiTad

uaryofiTad miWirs pasuxis

gacema

saqmianobi Sefaseba

gamokiTxul

Ta %-u

li maCvenebel

i

uTanamSromlia

ar uTanamSromlia

Tavi 3: arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sesaxeb informirebuloba

unda aRiniSnos, rom _ iseve rogorc ori wlis Catarebuli kvlevis dros _

respondentTa informirebulobis xarisxi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis raobis

Sesaxeb mosaxleoba-mesame seqtoris RerZis erT-erTi yvelaze “susti rgoli”

gamodga. miuxedavad imisa, rom mosaxleobis zogadi damokidebuleba arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis saqmianobis mimarT aSkarad dadebiTiskenaa Secvlili, am

organizaciebis raobisa da saqmianobis Taviseburebebis Sesaxeb informirebulobis

xarisxi mniSvnelovnad ar Secvlila (ramdenime punqtiT gauaresda kidec).

mosaxleobis informirebulobis xarisxis dasadgenad gamoyenebul iqna rogorc

respondentTa mier sakuTari informirebulobis xarisxis gansazRvra (TviTSefaseba),

aseve testuri SekiTxvebi, anu Sefasebis obieqturi meTodi. testuri SekiTxvebi,

ZiriTadad, gulisxmobda arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis aRmweri

debulebebis SeTavazebas respondentTaTvis. maT unda ganesazRvraT, romeli

saqmianoba an niSania adekvaturi arasamTavrobo organizaciebisTvis da romeli – -

ara. garda amisa, respondents unda moexdina arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

identifikacia organizaciaTa miwodebuli CamonaTvalidan.

subieqturi TviTSefasebis TvalsazrisiT, respondentebma Semdegnairad gansazRvres

sakuTari informirebulobis done saqarTveloSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

saqmianobis Sesaxeb (ix. cxrili #6):

cxrili #6 ! ! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1.! maqvs sruli informacia! 1.4! 2.4

7

2.! maqvs sakmarisi informacia! 17.4! 20.9

3.! maqvs mwiri informacia! 81.2! 76.7

rogorc monacemebi aCvenebs, respondentTa didi umravlesoba kvlavac ukmayofiloa

sakuTari informirebulobis xarisxiT.

* * *

cxrilSi motanili monacemebi aCvenebs arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sesaxeb garkveuli

informaciis mqone respondentTa Soris arsebul ganawilebas. rogorc adre aRiniSna,

mosaxleobis SerCeviTi erToblioba (1200) swored am kategoriis respondentebs moicavda.

cxadia, interviu ver Sedgeboda im adamianebTan, romlebic sarTod ar floben informacias

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sesaxeb. aseTi respondentebi amovardnen SerCevidan.

rogoria arainformirebuli (respondentTa subieqturi TviTSefasebidan gamomdinare)

respondentebis xvedriTi wili saqarTvelos mosaxleobaSi? gamokiTxva aCvenebs, rom

saqarTvelos mosaxleobis (18 wlis da zemoT) saSualod yoveli mexuTe warmomadgeneli _

21.8% _ acxadebs, rom ar flobs aranair informacias mesame seqtoris Sesaxeb5.

arainformirebuli respondentebis demografiuli suraTi aseTia (ix. cxrili #6):

cxrili #6

! ! smenia

(%)!

ar smenia

(%)!

regioni! !

!

1.! Tbilisi ! 83.3! 16.7!

2.! kaxeTi ! 80.4! 19.6!

3.! aWara! 95.2! 4.8!

4.! imereTi! 81.0! 19.0!

5.! qvemo qarTli/samcxe-

javaxeTi! 57.6! 42.4!

6.! guria/samegrelo! 85.3! 14.7!

7.! Sida qarTli/mcxeTa-

mTianeTi! 82.5! 17.5!

dasaxlebis tipi! ! !

1.! qalaqi! 81.0! 19.0!

2.! sofeli! 75.0! 25.0!

sqesi! ! !

1.! mdedrobiTi! 77.1! 22.9!

2.! mamrobiTi! 79.4! 20.6!

asaki! ! !

1.! 18-34 ! 79.1! 20.9!

2.! 35-54! 77.5! 22.5!

3.! 55 da meti! 77.9! 22.1!

ganaTleba! ! !

1.! saSualo ganaTlebis

armqone! 53.5! 46.5!

2.! saSualo ganaTleba! 66.9! 33.1!

3.! saSualo-teqnikuri! 88.4! 11.6!

erovneba! ! !

1.! qarTveli! 80.7! 19.3!

5 rogor iqna miRebuli es monacemi? gamokiTxvis procesSi SerCevis Sesabamisi instruqciiT moZebnilma 335 respondentma ganacxada, rom araferi smenia arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sesaxeb. Tu am

raodenobas davumatebT SerCeviTi erTobliobis moculobas informirebuli respondentebisaTvis

(1200), jamSi miviRebT 1535 respondents. arainformirebulTa xvedriTi wili am raodenobis swored

21.8%-s Seadgens.

8

2.! araqarTveli! 63.8! 36.2!

dasaqmeba! ! !

1.! saxelmwifo seqtori! 86.3! 13.7!

2.! kerZo seqtori! 77.9! 22.1!

3.! TviTdasaqmebuli! 70.8! 29.2!

4.! umuSevari! 78.5! 21.5

qvemoT motanilia e.w. testuri SekiTxvebis Sedegebi, romlebic aseve adasturebs

mesame seqtoris raobis Sesaxeb mosaxleobis informirebulobis sakmaod dabal

xarisxs. aseTi Sefasebis gamoTqma marTebulia imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom

CamoTvlili debulebebi aRwers arasamTavrobo organizaciebis ZiriTad

maxasiaTeblebs da ara maTi saqmianobis specifikas romelime sferoSi (ix. cxrili

#7):

cxrili #7

! debulebebi! sworia

(%)!

ar aris

swori

(%)!

miWirs

pasuxis

gacema

(%)

! ! 2003w! 2005w! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w

1.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT

saparlamento arCevnebSi monawileobis

miReba!

36.1! 41.2! 40.3! 34.1! 23.7! 24.7

2.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianoba ar

aris orientirebuli mogebis miRebaze!

46.9! 40.1! 29.8! 28! 23.3! 31.9

3.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

gaTavisuflebulia yvela tipis gadasaxadisgan!

21.2! 18.1! 43.4! 37! 35.4! 44.9

4.! arasamTavrobo organizacia SeiZleba iyos

sabiujeto struqtura!

19.9! 16.5! 53.8! 50.6! 26.3! 32.9

5.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi SeiZleba

arsebobdes fondis an kavSiris saxiT!

63.8! 62.4! 6.9! 7.9! 29.1! 29.7

2005 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebi aCvenebs, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

Sesaxeb araswori warmodgenebis areali ZiriTadad meordeba:

• Secdomebis yvelaze didi wili modis saparlamento arCevnebSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis monawileobis SesaZleblobis sakiTxze.

• respondentTa mxolod naxevarma icis, rom arasamTavrobo organizacia ar SeiZleba iyos sabiujeto struqtura.

• gamokiTxulTa naxevarze metma ar icis an mcdarad pasuxobs SekiTxvas imis Taobaze, SeuZlia Tu ara arasamTavrobo organizacias orientirebuli iyos

mogebaze

• yvelaze meti dabneulobaa “miWirs pasuxis gacema”) imasTan dakavSirebiT, gaTavisuflebulia Tu ara arasamTavrobo organizaciebi yvela tipis

gadasaxadisgan.

(

• Secdomebis yvelaze naklebi wili ukavSirdeba arasamTavrobo organizaciebis fondisa da kavSiris saxiT arsebobis SesaZleblobas.

SedarebiT ukeTesi viTarebaa, rodesac saqme exeba konkretuli arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis identifikacias. respondentTa umravlesoba sworad miuTiTebs iseTi

organizaciebs samarTlebriv statusze, rogorebicaa Tavisuflebis instituti, axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia, kontrolis palata. Tumca, Secdomebis xvedriTi

9

wili aqac maRalia. mag. yoveli mexuTe respondenti miiCnevs, rom saerTaSoriso

savaluto fondi da saxalxo damcvelis instituti arasamTavrobo organizaciebia.

maRalia im respondentebis xvedriTi wilic, romlebic ver afiqsireben garkveul

pasuxs ama Tu im organizaciis Sesaxeb an saerTod ar smeniaT am organizaciis Sesaxeb.

saboloo Sedegebi mocemulia cxrilis saxiT (ix. cxrili #8):

cxrili #8

qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan, romelia arasamTavrobo organizacia?

! organizaciebi! aris

(%)

!

ar aris

(%)

!

ar gamigia

(%)

!

miWirs

pasuxis

gacema

(%)

! ! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w.

1.! axalgazrda iuristTa

asociacia!

62.6! 78.9! 8.6! 6.3! 14.3! 4.6! 14.5! 10.3

2.! fondi “Ria sazogadoeba _

–saqarTvelo”

44.7! 34.8! 8.0! 10.9! 31.0! 26.7! 16.3! 27.7

3.! saerTaSoriso savaluto

fondi!

28.6! 20.9! 42.6! 42.4! 6.6! 7.9! 22.3! 28.8

4.! Tavisuflebis instituti! 85.0! 72.8! 4.9! 9.6! 3.3! 4.7! 6.8! 12.9

5.! “raoesi” !

16.0! 7.7! 69.6! 27.9! 1.8! 33.3! 12.6! 21.1

6.! saxalxo damcvelis

instituti!

13.9! 24.3! 63.7! 47.5! 5.8! 7.0! 16.7! 21.1

7.! kontrolis palata !

6.5! 5.9! 83.2! 76.3! 1.5! 4! 8.8! 13.8

testuri Sefasebis Sedegad gamoiyo respondentTa sami jgufi, romelTa xvedriTi

wili gviCvenebs, rom informirebulobis xarisxis mixedviT 2003 wels Catarebul

gamokiTxvis mixedviT odnav ukeTesi mdgomareoba iyo (ix. cxrili #9):

cxrili #9

! jgufebi! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1. ! informirebulebi! 8.7

!6.2

2.! met-naklebad informirebulebi! 25.4! 15.7

3.! cudad informirebulebi! 65.9

!78.1

SeniSvna: amgvari cvlilebebis axsnas mocemuli kvleva ar iTvaliswinebs, Tumca, SeiZleba

garkveuli varaudebis gamoTqma:

a) 2003-04 wlebis revoluciur cvlilebebSi politikur partiebTan erTad aqtiur monawileobas iRebdnen arasamTavrobo organizaciebi (gansakuTrebiT, fondi “Ria

sazogadoeba-–saqarTvelo”). metic: axali mTavrobis dakompleqtebasa da finansur

uzrunvelyofaSi sorosis fondma arcTu umniSvnelo roli iTamaSa. yvelaferma aman

mosaxleobis garkveul nawilSi, SesaZloa, Seqmna warmodgena arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis saxelisuflo struqturebad transformaciis Sesaxeb;

b) arasamTavrobo organizaciebis bevri warmomadgenlis politikaSi gadasvlam, mosalodnelia, mosaxleobis garkveuli nawilis dabneuloba gamoiwvia, ramac

10

ganapiroba Secdomebis raodenobis zrda arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saparlamento

arCevnebSi SesaZlo monawileobis Taobaze;

g) ei-es Telasis “raoesad” gardaqmnam gamoiwvia is, rom mosaxleobis didma nawilma ver moaxerxa am organizaciis identifikacia da a.S.

* * *

vin aris ukeTesad informirebuli respondenti socialur-demografiuli

maCveneblebis mixedviT? rogorc mosalodneli iyo, yvelaze met gansaxvavebas am

TvalsazrisiT respondentis ganaTlebis cenzi iZleva. kerZod, umaRlesi ganaTlebis

mqone respondentTa Soris informirebulTa da met-naklebad informirebulTa

xvedriTi wili ufro maRalia (ix. diagrama #2):

diagrama #2

informirebulobis damokidebuleba ganaTlebis

cenzze

0.0%

20.0%

40.0%

60.0%

80.0%

100.0%

cudad

informirebulebi

met-naklebad

informirebulebi

informirebulebi

ara umaRlesi umaRlesi

garda amisa, informirebulTa da met-naklebad informirebulTa xvedriTi wili

odnav ufro maRalia 55 wlamde, did qalaqebSi macxovrebel da erovnebiT qarTvel

respondentTa Soris.

rogorc mosalodneli iyo, cudad informirebul respondentTa yvelaze naklebi

raodenoba TbilisSi dafiqsirda. rogor mdgomareobaa am TvalsazrisiT regionebSi?

(ix. cxrili #10):

cxrili #10

! ! cudad

informirebulebi

(%)!

met-naklebad

informirebulebi

(%)!

informirebulebi

(%)

1.! Tbilisi! 68.7! 21.7! 9.7 2.! kaxeTi! 70.9! 13.4! 15.7

3. ! aWara! 84.8! 12.1! 3.0

4.! imereTi! 92.0! 7.5! 0.5


javaxeTi!85.7! 6.3! 7.9

6. ! guria/samegrelo! 75.0! 22.6! 2.4

7.! Sida qarTli/mcxeTa

mTianeTi!72.6! 25.7! 1.8

11

* * *

informaciis wyaroebi

gamokiTxva iTvaliswinebda imis gansazRvras, Tu ra warmoadgens respondentisTvis

informaciis miRebis wyaroebs arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sesaxeb. 2005 wels

dafiqsirebulma suraTma arsebiTad gaimeora 2003 wlis monacemebi: ualternativo

wyarod kvlav masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi rCeba. praqtikulad ar gazrdila

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier gamocemuli masalebisa da maTTan piradi

TanamSromlobis gziT informaciis miRebis praqtika. gansxvavebulia mxolod erTi

monacemi: 2005 wels Catarebul kvlevaSi ufro meti respondenti miuTiTebs, rom

informacias nacnob-megobrebisgan iRebs. Tu am monacems gaviTvaliswinebT, SeiZleba

vivaraudoT, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sesaxeb informaciis cirkulaciis

xarisxi sazogadoebaSi gaizarda, Tumca es jer ver aisaxa arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis arsebiTi niSan-Tvisebebis Sesaxeb informirebulobis zrdaze. sruli

monacemebi aseTia (ix. cxrili #11):

cxrili #11

ZiriTadad saidan iRebT informacias arasamTavrobo seqtoris Sesaxeb?

! ! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1.! sainformacio saSualebebi (presa, radio, televizia)! 92.3! 89.1

2.! nacnob-megobrebi! 17.0! 26.2

3.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier gamocemuli masalebi! 2.3! 4.0

4.! piradad vTanamSromlob! 2.9! 2.2

SeniSvna: mocemul kiTxvaze gacemuli pasuxebis jami 100%-s aWarbebs, vinaidan respondentebs SeeZloT

daefiqsirebinaT erTze meti pasuxis varianti.

romel arasamTavrobo organizaciebs asaxeleben respondentebi?

respondentebs SesaZlebloba hqondaT Ria kiTxvaSi daesaxelebinaT is

arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, romelTa saqmianobasac icnoben, an romelTa Sesaxebac

smeniaT. saerTo jamSi, respondentebma daasaxeles 100-mde arasamTavrobo

organizacia. Tu 2003 wlis monacemebs SevadarebT, 2005 wlis kvlevaSi meordeba

prioritetebi iseTi organizaciebis dasaxelebasTan dakavSirebiT, rogoricaa

Tavisuflebis instituti, axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia, fondi “Ria sazogadoeba -

saqarTvelo”, wiTeli jvari. am organizaciebs ganmeorebiT kvlevaSi daemata

ramdenime axali organizacia, romlebmac Caanacvles mesame seqtoris zogierTi

warmomadgenlis dasaxelebis sixSire wina kvlevaSi (ix. cxrili #12):

cxrili #12 ! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1. ! Tavisuflebis instituti! 55.6! 26.2

2.! fondi “Ria sazogadoeba - – saqarTvelo”! 15.2! 6.5 3.! axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia! 18.8! 24.0

4.! wiTeli jvari! 16.8! 8.4

5.! samarTliani arCevnebi! -! 2.5

6.! kmara! -! 2.3

rogorc cxrilSi motanili monacemebi aCvenebs, 2005 wlis Sedegebs garkveulwilad

atyvia revoluciuri movlenebis “kvali”:

• Tavisuflebis institutisa da sorosis fondis dasaxelebis sixSirem, sul mcire, orjer moiklo 2003 welTan SedarebiT. es, albaT, imiT aixsneba, rom aRniSnuli

12

organizciebi maTi politizaciisa da xelisuflebis mimarT loialobis gamo,

mosaxleobis TvalSi naklebad aRiqmeba rogorc arasamTavrobo, alternatiuli

struqturebi. am organizaciebis bolodroindel mcdelobebs xelisuflebasTan

opoziciuri distancirebisa, rogorc Cans, sazogadoebriv azrze mniSvnelovani

gavlena jerjerobiT ar mouxdenia.

• gansxvavebuli pozicia dafiqsirda axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis mimarT _ am organizaciis dasaxelebis sixSirem, wina kvlevasTan SedarebiT, arcTu

umniSvnelod moimata. rogorc Cans, am organizacias sazogadoeba ufro metad

aRiqvams rogorc mesame seqtors, xelisuflebis mimarT maTi bolo Tveebis

ganmavlobaSi mkveTrad gamoxatuli kritikuli damokidebulebis gamo.

• rac Seexeba iseT organizaciebs, rogoricaa samarTliani arCevnebi da kmara, maTi met-naklebi aqtualizacia koleqtiur cnobierebaSi revoluciis periodis

SesaSuri popularobis narCenad SeiZleba aRviqvaT.

rac Seexeba calkeul regionebs, gamokiTxvam daadastura zemoaRniSnuli tendencia:

Tavisuflebis institutis cnobadoba iklebs TviT TbilisSi, sadac mas yvelaze

metad icnoben (2003 wels TbiliselTa 54% asaxelebs am organizacias, 2005 wels _

49.7%); piriqiT, mniSvnelovnad izrdeba axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis

cnobadoba rogorc TbilisSi, ise sxva regionebSi (2003 wels am organizacias

gamokiTxuli 10 regionidan mxolod oTx regionSi asaxelebdnen SedarebiT

sayuradRebo sixSiriT, 2005 wlis kvlevaSi aseTi regionebis ricxvi Svidia; garda

amisa, TbilisSi am organizaciis dasaxelebis sixSire orjer gaizarda).

sainteresoa, rom 2003 welTan SedarebiT, asparezze gamoCnda axali

arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, rac bolo ori wlis ganmavlobaSi momxdar

politikur cvlilebebs unda mieweros. qvemoT ufro detaluradaa mocemuli

gansazRvruli arasamTavrobo organizaciebis sixSiruli ganawilebebi TiToeul

regionSi (ix. cxrili #13):

13

cxrili #13

arasamTavrobo organizaciebi!

Tbil

isi

(%)!

kaxeT

i

(%)!

Sida

qar

Tl

i

(%)

qvemo

qar

Tl

i

(%)

samcxe-

javaxeT

i

(%)

aWar

a

(%)!

gur

ia

(%)!

samegr

e

lo

imer

eT

i

(%)!

mcxeT

a-

mT

ianeT

i

(%)!

Tavisuflebis instituti! 49.7! ! ! ! 5.5! ! ! 6.2! ! !

axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia! 45.1! 9.4! 20.2! 2.2! ! 9.1! 30.8! ! 4.5! !

fondi: “Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelo” 14.4! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

”kmara” 5.9! ! ! ! ! 3.0! ! ! ! !

wiTeli jvari! 2.6! ! ! ! ! 2.0! ! 3.9! 13.4! !

patimarTa uflebebis dacvis asociacia! 2.0! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

invalidTa liga! 2.6! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

samarTliani arCevnebi! 2.0! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

horizonti! ! 11.8! ! ! 9.1! ! ! ! ! !

“mersi qori” ! 7.9! ! ! 3.6! ! ! ! ! !

adamianTa uflebebis dacvis asociacia! ! 3.1! ! ! ! 4.0! 2.6! ! ! !

bunebis damcvelebi! ! 3.9! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

biliki! ! ! 4.8! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

saTnoebis saxli “kaTarzisi” ! ! ! 5.2! ! ! ! ! 6.5! !

xidi! ! ! ! 12.7! ! ! ! ! ! !

vaSenoT momavali! ! ! ! 3.7! ! ! ! ! ! !

Tanasworobis kavSiri! ! ! ! 6.0! ! ! ! ! ! !

azerbaijanisa da saqarTvelos

kavSiri!

! ! ! 3.0! ! ! ! ! ! !

enis siwmondisaTvis! ! ! ! 3.0! ! ! ! ! ! !

uxucesTa sabWo! ! ! ! 4.5! ! ! ! ! ! !

GTZ ! ! ! 14.9! ! ! ! ! ! !Tavisufleba, Tanasworoba! ! ! ! 3.7! ! ! ! ! ! !

raionis veteranTa sabWo! ! ! ! 3.0! ! ! ! ! ! !

“salibda” ! ! ! 3.0! ! ! ! ! ! !

demokrat mesxTA kavSiri! ! ! ! ! 21.8! ! ! ! ! !

“qea” ! ! ! ! 10.9! 8.1! ! 3.9! ! !

World Vision ! ! ! ! 3.6! ! ! ! ! !axalgazrduli instituti! ! ! ! ! 3.6! ! ! ! ! !

axalcixe Cveni saerTo saxlia! ! ! ! ! 3.6! ! ! ! ! !

javaxeTi! ! ! ! ! 10.9! ! ! ! ! !

“Sarl aznavuri”! ! ! ! ! 5.5! ! ! ! ! !

somxuri diaspora! ! ! ! ! 5.5! ! ! ! ! !

axalgazrda JurnalistTa asociacia! ! ! ! ! ! 7.1! ! ! ! !

saTemo kavSiri! ! ! ! ! ! 4.0! ! ! ! !

studenturi kavSiri! ! ! ! ! ! 3.0! ! ! ! !

algeTi! ! ! ! ! ! ! 2.6! ! ! !

mamuli! ! ! ! ! ! ! 2.6! ! ! !

pedagogTa asociacia! ! ! ! ! ! ! 2.6! ! ! !

dedaTa kavSiri! ! ! ! ! ! ! 2.6! ! ! !

axalgazrduli ganviTarebis asociacia! ! ! ! ! ! ! 2.6! ! ! !

“sifi” ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 3.1! ! !

amqori! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 4.0!

SeniSvna: danarCeni dasaxelebuli organizaciebis xvedriTi wili 2%-ze naklebia

14

Tavi IV: arasamTavrobo organizaciebis gavlenisa da saqmianobis Sefaseba

sxvadasxva sferoSi

sociologiuri kvleva iTvaliswinebda arasamTavrobo organizaciebis gavlenisa da

saqmianobis Sefasebas socialuri cxovrebis sxvadasxva sferoSi. amasTan, kiTxvebis am

bloks unda gadaemowmebina winamdebare blokebSi dafiqsirebuli ganwyobebi.

rac Seexeba mosaxleobis azrs saqarTveloSi mimdinare procesebze arasamTavrobo

seqtoris gavlenis Sesaxeb, ori wlis win Catarebul gamokiTxvasTan SedarebiT,

mesame seqtoris “wonam” mosaxleobis TvalSi gavlenis TvalsazrisiT moimata, Tumca

arasamTavrobo seqtoris mniSvnelovan gavlenaze respondentTa isev mcire

raodenoba miuTiTebs. respondentTa yvelaze didi nawili isev zomier Sefasebebs

irCevs (“met-naklebad mniSvnelovan gavlenas axdens”).

kiTxvaze: “ramdenad axdens gavlenas arasamTavrobo seqtori saqarTveloSi

mimdinare procesebze?” – respondentTa poziciebi ase ganawilda (ix. cxrili #14 ):

cxrili #14

! ! 2003w (%)!

2005w.

(%)

1.! Zalze mniSvnelovan gavlenas axdens! 5.8! 10

2.! met-naklebad mniSvnelovan gavlenas axdens! 24.9! 32.8

3.! mcire gavlenas axdens! 42.2! 30.6

4.! saerTod ar axdens gavlenas! 18! 11.4


mesame seqtoris mimarT mosaxleobis damokidebulebis cvlileba dadebiTi

Sefasebisken, Sesabamisad aisaxa sxvadasxva sferoSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

saqmianobis Sefasebazec. radikalurad (pozitiuri TvalsazrisiT) Seicvala

respondentTa damokidebuleba arasamTavroboebis saqmianobis mimarT iseT

sferoebSi, rogorebicaa arCevnebis dros amomrCevelTa uflebebis dacva,

demokratiuli da samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis damkvidreba, xelisuflebis qmedebebis

kontroli. damokidebulebis aseTi mkveTri cvlileba, savaraudod, “vardebis

revoluciis” efeqts unda mivaweroT.

Tumca, kvlav rCeba sferoebi, romlebSic mesame seqtoris saqmianoba

aradamakmayofileblad fasdeba. es sferoebia: ekologiuri problemebis gadawyveta,

samewarmeo saqmianobis xelSewyoba, qalTa uflebebis dacva, saganmanaTleblo

saqmianoba.

sruli Sedegebi mocemulia cxrilSi (ix. cxrili #15):

cxrili #15

! sferoebi! saqarTveloSi moqmedi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis Sefaseba

! ! dadebiTad (%)!

uaryofiTad

(%)!

miWirs pasuxis

gacema (%) ! ! 2003w.! 2005w! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w. 1.! bavSvTa uflebebis dacva! 37.2! 49.0! 44.4! 31.8! 18.3! 19.2

2.! erovnuli umciresobebis

uflebebis dacva!

45.7! 48.4! 34.0! 21.5! 21.4! 30

3.! religiuri

umciresobebis uflebebis

dacva!

41.9! 50.2! 45.0! 23.6! 13.1! 26.3

15

4.! qalTa uflebebis dacva! 31.5! 33.5! 49.6! 40.9! 18.9! 25.6

5.! ekologiuri problemebi! 13.4! 17.8! 73.0! 62.3! 13.7! 20

6.! arCevnebis dros

amomrCevelTa uflebebis

dacva!

25.7! 57.4! 59.9! 25.2! 14.3! 17.4

7.! xelisuflebis qmedebebis

kontroli!

18.0! 39.8! 65.3! 38.1! 16.4! 21.1

8.! saqvelmoqmedo/humanita

ruli saqmianoba!

33.8! 43.2! 53.5! 42.4! 12.8! 14.8

9.! saganmanaTleblo

saqmianoba!

32.5! 32.6! 49.1! 38.4! 18.5! 29

10.! korufciis winaaRmdeg

brZola!

21.8! 38.4! 66.3! 41.3! 11.9! 20.7

11.! demokratiuli,

/samoqalaqo

Rirebulebebis

damkvidreba!

30.4! 40.1! 46.6! 23.9! 23.0! 36.1

12.! samewarmeo saqmianobis

xelSewyoba!

23.1! 21.8! 52.9! 46.3! 24.1! 32

rogorc cxrilSi motanili monacemebi aCvenebs, TiTqmis yvela sferoSi uaryofiTad

SemfasebelTa wili klebulobs, magram respondentTa es raodenoba xSirad amave

doziT da upirobod ar emateba dadebiTad Semfaseblebs. negatiurad ganwyobis

transformireba, rogorc Cans, arcTu iSviaTad, neitralur poziciis (“miWirs pasuxis

gacema”) mimarTulebiT xdeba.

saqarTveloSi moqmedi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis sxvadasxva sferoSi

saqmianobis Sefasebis pozitiuri tendencia met-naklebad meordeba respondentebis

mier Tavis qalaqSi, raionSi arsebuli arasamTavroboebis Sefasebisas, Tumca aq

dadebiTi Sefasebis wili ufro naklebia. gacilebiT maRalia gaurkveveli poziciis

mqone respondentTa xvedriTi wili.

regionebis warmomadgeneli respondentebisTvis arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

yvelaze negatiur Sefasebas imsaxurebs ekologiuri problemebis, samewameo

saqmianobisTvis xelSewyobis, saqvelmoqmedo-humanitaruli moRvaweobis,

saganmanaTleblo saqmianobis sferoebSi. sruli suraTi mocemulia cxrilSi (ix.

cxrili #16):

cxrili #16

! sferoebi! Tqvens qalaqSi/raionSi moqmedi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis Sefaseba

dadebiTad (%)!

uaryofiTad

(%)!

miWirs pasuxis gacema

(%)

! ! 2003w.! 2005w! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w.

1.! bavSvTa uflebebis dacva! 20.7! 31.8! 42.9! 35.8! 36.4! 32.4

2.! erovnuli umciresobebis

uflebebis dacva!

22.3! 33.0! 32.1! 19.4! 45.6! 47.6

3.! religiuri umciresobebis

uflebebis dacva!

22.2! 34.2! 31.2! 20.0! 46.6! 45.7

4.! qalTa uflebebis dacva! 19.2! 23.7! 43.4! 40.3! 37.4! 36

5.! ekologiuri problemebi! 7.3! 12.9! 58.6! 60.7! 34.1! 26.3

6.! arCevnebis dros

amomrCevelTa uflebebis

dacva!

15.5! 46.9! 47.7! 27.8! 36.8! 25.8


kontroli!

4.2! 23.1! 57.1! 41.3! 38.6! 35.6

16

8.! saqvelmoqmedo/humanitar

uli saqmianoba!

22.8! 33.3! 43.6! 46.2! 33.5! 20.4

9.! saganmanaTleblo

saqmianoba!

16.4! 20.0! 42.3! 46.6! 41.3! 33.4

10.! korufciis winaaRmdeg

brZola!

4.8! 21.7! 59.3! 44.2! 35.9! 34.0

11.! demokratiuli/samoqalaq

o Rirebulebebis

damkvidreba!

10.3! 20.6! 45.2! 27.7! 44.3! 51.7

12.! samewarmeo saqmianobis

xelSewyoba!

10.3! 14.0! 48.8! 47.6! 40.9! 38.5

romel sferoSia aucilebeli arasamTavrobo seqtoris gaaqtiureba?

Tu SevadarebT 2003 wels da 2005 wels Catarebuli kvlevebis Sedegebs, aRmoCndeba,

rom is sferoebi, romlebSic respondentebs sasurvelad miaCniaT arasamTavrobo

seqtoris gaaqtiureba, ZiriTadad, meordeba. miuxedavad imisa, rom korufciis

winaaRmdeg brZolisken mesame seqtors respondentTa SedarebiT ufro naklebi

raodenoba “mouwodebs”, es Tema kvlav erT-erT prioritetulad rCeba. bolo

kvlevaSi gamokiTxul respondentTa SedarebiT ufro meti raodenoba svams aqcents

iseT sferoebze, rogorebicaa kerZo biznesisTvis xelSewyoba, saqvelmoqmedo

saqmianoba/humanitaruli daxmareba (ix. cxrili #17):

cxrili #17

sferoebi, romlebSic sasurvelia mesame seqtoris

gaaqtiureba!

2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1.! korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola! 48.7! 37.1

2.! bavSvTa uflebebis dacva! 34.1! 32.3

3.! ekologiuri problemebis gadawyveta! 28.8! 25.5

4.! saqvelmoqmedo saqmianoba/humanitaruli daxmareba! 22.4! 31.2

5.! xelisuflebis qmedebebis kontroli! 21.6! 25.4

6.! saganmanaTleblo saqmianoba! 18.3! 18.0

7.! kerZo biznesisTvis xelSewyoba! 17.8! 22.8

8. ! qalTa uflebebis dacva! 16.2! 13.1

9.! arCevnebis dros amomrCevlTa uflebebis dacva! 15.7! 9.4

10.! demokratiuli/, samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis damkvidreba! 8.9! 8.1

11.! erovnuli umciresobebis uflebebis dacva! 3.0! 6.5

12.! religiuri umciresobebis uflebaTa dacva! 4.3! 7.4



2003 wlis monacemebTan SedarebiT, 2005 wlis monacemebi regionebis mixedviT sakmaod

“diversificirebulia”. 2003 wels TiTqmis yvela regionSi mesame seqtorisTvis

pirvel prioritetad saxeldeboda korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola. 2005 wels

Catarebul kvlevaSi korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolas arasamTavrobo seqtorisTvis

upirveles problemad asaxeleben kaxeTis (25.1%), aWaris (21.5%) da imereTis (18.5%)

regionebis macxovreblebi. sainteresoa, rom 2003 wels Catarebul kvlevaSi aWara iyo

is erTaderTi regioni, sadac korufciasTan brZola pirvel prioritetad ar

dasaxelda.

TbilisSi korufciasTan brZola (16.5%) umniSvnelo upiratesobiT pirvel adgils

uTmobs bavSvTa uflebebis dacvas (17.4%). qvemo qarTli/samcxe-javaxeTis mosaxleoba

pirvel prioritetad asaxelebs ekologiuri problemebis gadawyvetas (17.5%). guria-

17

samegreloSi ki _ saqvelmoqmedo saqmianobas (22.2%). Sida qarTlisa da mcxeTa-

mTianeTis regionSi mosaxleoba aqcents svams bavSvTa uflebebis dacvaze (14.5%).

qalaqebisa da soflebis mosaxleobisTvis yvelaze aqtualuri problemebi, romlebzec

arasamTavrobo seqtorma unda imuSaos Semdegia:

qalaqebis mosaxleoba! ! ! soflebis mosaxleoba! !

• bavSvTa uflebebis dacva ! 16.1 %!

! • saqvelmoqmedo-/humanitaruli saqmianoba!

16.5%!

• korufciasTan brZola! 15.8 %!

! • korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola! 15.4%!

• ekologiuri problemebi! 12.4%! ! • kerZo biznesisTvis xelSewyoba! 13.5%

––

problemebi, romelTa gadaWra arasamTavrobo seqtors SeuZlia

sferoebis winaswar SeTavazebuli CamonaTvalis garda, respondentebs SesaZlebloba

hqondaT Ria kiTxvis pasuxebSi, sakuTari iniciativiT daesaxelebinaT qveynis winaSe

mdgari is problemebi, romelTa mogvarebaSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT

mniSvnelovani rolis Sesruleba (ix. cxrili #18):

cxrili #18

! problemebi, romelTa mogvareba mesame seqtors

SeuZlia

!

2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1. ! yvela saxis socialuri problema! 14.3! 8.3

2. ! umuSevroba, mosaxleobis dasaqmeba! 12.4! 19.4

3.! korufciasTan brZola! 9.8! 5.1

4.! adamianis uflebebis dacva! 8.7! 8.9

5.! ekonomikuri problemebis mogvareba! 6.2! 2.9

6.! humanitaruli daxmareba da misi kontroli! 5.2! 3.9

7. ! ganaTlebis sistemis reforma! 5.1! 3.6

8.! jandacvis sistemis reforma! 4.3! 2.5

9.! ekologiuri problemebi! 1.9! 3.3

SeniSvna: danarCeni dasaxelebuli problemebis xvedriTi wili 2%-ze naklebia.

problemebis CamonaTvali cxadyofs, rom mosaxleoba arasamTavrobo

organizaciebisgan im problemebis mogvarebisTvis xelSewyobas Tvlis ufro

sasurvelad, romlebic, zogadad, yvelaze aqtualurad miaCnia. bolo wlebSi

Catarebuli sociologiuri kvlevebis umravlesoba umuSevrobas da sxva socialur-

ekonomikur problemebs afiqsirebs, rogorc mosaxleobisTvis umniSvnelovaness.

sazogadoeba mesame seqtorisagan kvlav am tipis problemebze muSaobas moiTxovs da

naklebad aqcentirdeba im saqmianobebze, romlebic demokratiuli da samoqalaqo

Rirebulebebis realizacias emsaxureba.

arasamTavrobo organizaciebi da xelisufleba

xelisuflebas, sazogadoebasa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebs Soris urTierTobis

modelebi sxvadasxvagvaria. arsebobs sazogadoebis iseTi modeli, sadac mTavroba

gansazRvrul funqciebs ixsnis, romelTa efeqturad Sesarulebas arasamTavrobo

seqtori da kerZo struqturebi uzrunvelyofs. sazogadoebis liberalurobis xarisxi

miT ufro maRalia, rac ufro meti funqciis delegireba xdeba arasamTavrobo da

kerZo seqtorisTvis, anu rac ufro naklebad ereva xelisufleba socialuri

18

cxovrebis iseT sferoebSi, romlebic avtonomiuri regulirebis SesaZleblobas

Seicavs adamianTa kerZo iniciativiT Seqmnili organizaciebis meSveobiT.

gamokiTxva iTvaliswinebda respondentTa atitudebis Seswavlas im TvalsazrisiT, Tu

raze axdenen isini orientacias:– mTavrobis mier sazogadoebis totalur marTvaze Tu

pasuxismgeblobis ganawilebaze mTavrobasa da arasamTavrobo struqturebs Soris.

amgvari atitudebis Seswavla, garkveulwilad, ama Tu im sazogadoebis

memarcxene//memarjvene orientaciis erT-erT maCvenebladac iTvleba.

ori alternatiuli debulebidan respondentebs unda amoerCiaT is, romelsac ufro

metad eTanxmebodnen (ix. cxrili #19):

cxrili #19 ! debulebebi! 2003w

(%)!

2005w

(%)

1.! mTavroba mxolod ramdenime bazisur problemas unda

wyvetdes, danarCeni problemebi ki arasamTavrobo

organizaciebma da kerZo struqturebma unda gadaWran!

36.3! 30.2

2.! umjobesia, rom qveyanaSi arsebuli problemebis

umravlesoba mTavrobam gadawyvitos!

56.9! 58.6


monacemebi aCvenebs, rom ori kvlevis Sedegebi arsebiTad imeorebs erTsa da imave

tendencias: gamokiTxulTa umravlesoba sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis marTvaSi

mTavrobis met-naklebad ualternativo CarTulobis momxrea. am Tvalsazrisis

gamomxatvel respondentebs pirobiTad SeiZleba “steitistebi” (inglisuri sityvidan

- State) vuwodoT. bolo kvlevis Sedegebi UaCvenebs, rom sazogadoebrivi azri kidev ufro gadaixara steitizmisken, Tumca statistikuri gansxvaveba imdenad mniSvnelovani

araa, rom kategoriuli daskvnis gakeTebis saSualebas gvaZlevdes.

“steitizmis”, paternalisturi cnobierebis maRali xarisxi ra Tqma unda sazogadoebis

ganviTarebis kulturul-istoriuli faqtorebis simravliTa da inerciiT gamowveuli.

am faqtorebis Seswavla mocemuli kvlevis amocanebSi ar Sedioda.

2003 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebma gamoavlina garkveuli kavSiri “steitizmis”

maCvenebelsa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis Sefasebas Soris. kerZod,

is respondentebi, romlebic arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobas dadebiTad

afasebdnen, steitizmis nakleb xarisxs avlendnen. amasTan dakavSirebiT, gamoiTqva

varaudi, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mimarT damokidebulebis dadebiTisken

Secvla SesaZloa steitizmis xarisxis SemcirebasTan yofiliyo dakavSirebuli.

sainteresoa, rom amgvari varaudi bolo kvlevis Sedegebis safuZvelze ar

dasturdeba. miuxedavad imisa, rom arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis zogadi

Sefaseba dadebiTisken Seicvala, steitisturma ganwyobebmac moimata (Tumca, 2003 wels

Catarebuli kvlevis dros dafiqsirebuli kavSiri arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

mimarT damokidebulebasa da steitizmis maCvenebels Soris ufro mcire korelaciiT

SenarCunda). amis gamoxatulebad isic SeiZleba CavTvaloT, rom TviT iseTi

socialuri praqtikis ganviTareba, rogoricaa demokratiuli faseulobebis

damkvidreba, romlis erT-erT Zlier generators arasamTavrobo struqturebis

aqtiuroba warmoadgens, respondentTa ufro met raodenobas miaCnia xelisuflebis

saqmed. kiTxvaze: “ras unda daeyrdnos ufro metad saqarTveloSi demokratiiis

ganviTareba: xelisuflebis Zalisxmevas Tu arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

aqtivobas?” – pasuxebi ase ganawilda (ix. cxrili #20):

19

cxrili #20

ras unda daeyrdnos saqarTveloSi demokratiis

ganviTareba?!

2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1.! ufro metad xelisuflebis Zalisxmevas! 56.7! 63.7

2.! ufro metad arasamTavrobo organizaciebis aqtivobas! 31.3! 23.4

3. miWirs pasuxis gacema! 11.8! 12.9

miuxedavad imisa, rom mosaxleobis umravlesoba demokratiis ganviTarebis saqmeSi

arasamTavrobo seqtors gadamwyvet mniSvnelobas ar aniWebs, imave umravlesoba ar

uWirs imis aRiareba, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciebi xels uwyobs demokratiis

ganviTarebas saqarTveloSi. amasTan dakavSirebiT respondentTaTvis SeTavazebuli

alternatiuli poziciebidan upiratesoba swored aRniSnul pozicias eniWeba (ix.

cxrili #21):

cxrili #21 ! debulebebi! 2003w.

!2005w.

1.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi xels uwyobs sazogadoebaSi

demokratiis ganviTarebas!

65.0! 65.2

2.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi sazogadoebaSi qaossa da

uwesrigobas amkvidrebs!

14.8! 11.8


sainteresoa, rogor Seicvala mosaxleobis azri arasamTavrobo seqtoris

saqmianobisTvis xelisSemSleli faqtorebis Sesaxeb: 2003 welTan SedarebiT, 2005

wels Catarebul kvlevaSi respondentTa ufro mcire nawili miiCnevs, rom

xelisufleba mesame seqtoris muSaobas mniSvnelovnad aferxebs. xelisuflebis

negatiuri rolis Serbileba uTuod revoluciuri movlenebis gamoZaxilia, rodesac

(postrevoluciuri periodis pirvel periodSi mainc), bevr sakiTxSi, axali

xelisufleba da mesame seqtori “erT enaze alaparakda”. wina kvlevis monacemebisagan

gansxvavebiT, mesame seqtoris ganviTarebis Seferxeba ufro naklebad braldeba TviT

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis araefeqtur saqmianobasa da maT mier damfinanseblis

interesebis gatarebas. xelisSemSlel mizezebs Soris win wamoiwia iseTma faqtorebma,

rogoricaa mosaxleobis pasiuroba da arasakmarisi fuladi saxsrebi. amdenad,

rogorc qvemoT motanili cxrili aCvenebs, mosaxleobis warmodgenebi mesame

seqtoris ganviTarebis xelisSemSleli faqtorebis Sesaxeb aSkarad Secvlilia (ix.

cxrili #22):

cxrili #22

yvelaze metad ra uSlis xels saqarTveloSi arasamTavrobo seqtoris ganviTarebas?

! ! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1. ! saxelisuflebo struqturebi! 36.9! 20.5

2. ! Tavad arasamTavrobo organizaciebis araefeqturi saqmianoba! 22.4! 13.4

3.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi ar aris Tavisufali, isini,

ZiriTadad, damfinanseblis interesebs emsaxuraba!

21.3! 15.2

4.! mosaxleobis pasiuroba! 21.2! 27.4

5.! arasakmarisi fuladi saxsrebi! 18.8! 27.2

6.! gadasaxadebis maRali ganakveTebi! 5.9! 6.9

7.! seriozuli xelisSemSleli mizezi ar arsebobs! 5.5! 9.3



20

arasamTavrobo seqtoris dafinansebis wyaroebi

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis dafinansebis SesaZlebeli wyaroebis Sesaxeb

mosaxleobis azri, 2003 welTan SedarebiT, arsebiTad ar Secvlila. SesamCnevia

mxolod is garemoeba, rom respondentTa ufro mcire nawili akisrebs finansur

pasuxismgeblobas saerTaSoriso donor organizaciebs saqarTveloSi arasamTavrobo

seqtoris ganviTarebaze. Sesabamisad, respondentTa ufro naklebi raodenoba

iziarebs im pesimistur prognozs, rom sakmarisia momavali aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi

saqarTvelos Seumcirdes daxmareba saerTaSoriso donori organizaciebisgan da

mesame seqtoris ganviTareba Seferxdeba. Tumca, respondentTa yvelaze didi nawili

isev fiqrobs, rom mesame seqtori

magram ar gazrdila imaTi raodenoba, vinc am organizaciebs arakorumpirebulTa

rigebSi aTavsebs. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis korumpirebulobis Sefasebisas

kidev ufro gaizarda im respondentTa ricxvi, romlebic garkveul pozicias ver

afiqsireben. “dabneulobis koeficienti” arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sefasebisas

am TvalsazrisiT yvelaze maRalia. aseTi tendencia arcerT sxva institutTan

mimarTebaSi ar vlindeba (ix. cxrili #25):

cxrili #25

! organizaciebi! korumpirebuli (%)!

arakorumpirebuli

(%)!

miWirs pasuxis

gacema

(%)

! ! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w. !

2003w.! 2005w.

1.! parlamenti! 88.6! 46.5! 7.4! 39.6! 4.0! 13.9

2.! mTavroba! 91.7! 46.8! 5.4! 41.3! 3.0! 11.9

3.! gamgeoba/meria! 78.0! 45.3! 16.6! 38.5! 5.5! 16.2

4.! sakrebulo! 58.6! 36.2! 29.2! 43.9! 12.3! 19.5

5.! adgilobrivi arasamTavrobo

organizaciebi!

26.5! 15.7! 42.8! 42.0! 30.8! 42.3

6.! saerTaSoriso

arasamTavrobo

organizaciebi!

22.6! 13.2! 47.6! 43.8! 29.8! 43.0

7.! masmedia! 24.7! 14.6! 67.0! 70! 8.3! 15.4

aRniSnuli tendencia meordeba, agreTve, im kiTxvebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier mopovebuli saxsrebis daniSnulebisamebr

gamoyenebasa da fulis gaTeTrebis SesaZleblobas exeba. marTalia, mcirdeba im

respondentTa ricxvi, romlebic amgvar ““codvebSi”” adanaSauleben arasamTavrobo

organizaciebs, magram paralelurad izrdeba im respondentTa xvedriTi wili,

romlebic Tavs ikaveben Sefasebisgan (ix. cxrilebi ##26, 27):

cxrili #26

! debulebebi! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1. ! arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier mopovebuli fuladi

saxsrebi, ZiriTadad, xmardeba sazogadoebisTvis

sasargeblo saqmeebs!

30.8! 32.1

2.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi mopovebul saxsrebs

aradaniSnulebisamebr, piradi sargeblobisTvis iyeneben!

37.1! 22.1


cxrili #27 ! debulebebi! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi efeqturad amxels qveyanaSi

korufcias!

46.8! 51.9

2.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi arakanonieri gziT naSovni

fulis “gaTeTrebis” saSualebaa da aris korufciis

xelSemwyobi!

21.4! 12.3


* * *

arakorumpirebulobis TvalsazrisiT yvelaze dadebiT Sefasebas adgilobriv

arasamTavrobo organizaciebs aWaris, guria-samegrelosa da Sida qarTli-mcxeTa

mTianeTis mosaxleoba aZlevs. TbilisSi SedarebiT maRalia im respondentTa

xvedriTi wili, romlebic arasamTavrobo organizaciebs korumpirebulad Tvlian. am

22

sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT yvelaze meti dabneulobaa imereTis regionSi (ix. cxrili

#28):

cxrili #28 ! korumpirebulia Tu ara arasamTavrobo organizaciebi? ! ! korumpirebulia

(%)!

arakorumpirebulia

(%)!

miWirs psaxis

gacema (%) ! ! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w.

1.! Tbilisi! 31.1! 24.0! 52.0! 42.7! 16.9! 33.3

2.! kaxeTi! 16.5! 14.2! 37.0! 44.1! 46.5! 41.7

3.! Sida qarTli/mcxeTa mTianeTi! 48.7! 14.2! 37.1! 46! 14.2! 39.8


javaxeTi!

22.5! 14.3! 29.3! 38.1! 48.2! 47.6

5.! guria/samegrelo! 17.3! 18.5! 62.5! 47.0! 20.2! 34.5

6.! imereTi! 28.0! 6.5! 38.0! 29.9! 34.0! 63.7

7.! aWara! 20.2! 11.1! 30.3! 56.6! 49.5! 32.3

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi

ramdenad Seicvala respondentTa damokidebuleba arasamTavrobo seqtoris

saqmianobis iseTi parametrebis mimarT, rogoricaa: a) qmediTunarianoba; b)

progresuloba? 2005 wels Catarebulma gamokiTxvam am TvalsazrisiTac

korumpirebulobis sakiTxTan damokidebulebis cvlileba gaimeora. kerZod, Semcirda

im respondentTa wili, romlebic mesame seqtors araqmediTunarian da mxolod ucxo

faseulobebis propagandist institutebad moiazreben. amave dros izrdeba im

respondentTa wili, romlebic garkveuli poziciis dafiqsirebas ver axerxeben (ix.

cxrilebi ##29, 30):

cxrili #29


(%)!

2005w.

(%)!

1.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebis meSveobiT adamianebs

uadvildebaT sakuTari interesebis dacva da miznebis

realizacia!

44.8! 48!

2.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi adamianebs mxolod cariel

dapirebebs aZeven, realurad maT daxmareba ar SeuZliaT!

37.4! 24.1!

3. ! miWirs pasuxis gacema ! 17.8! 28.0

cxrili #30


(%)!

2005w.

(%)!

1.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi xels uwyobs sazogadoebaSi

civiluri samyarosTvis damaxasiaTebeli progresuli ideebis

damkvidrebas!

42.3! 42.6!

2.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi ar zrunavs erovnul

Rirebulebebze da propagandas uwevs ucxo faseulobebs!

32.3! 26.1!


mesame seqtoris mimarT gansazRvruli atitudebis mqone klasterebi/jgufebi

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis sxvadasxva aspeqtis SefasebasTan

dakavSirebuli wyviladi, alternatiuli debulebebis xvedriTi wilis (mosaxleobis

SerCevaSi) analizis safuZvelze gamoiyo oTxi jgufi klasteri): (

I jgufi: – respondentebi, romlebic arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis sxvadasxva

aspeqts, ZiriTadad, dadebiTad afaseben. kerZod Tvlian, rom:

23

• arasamTavrobo organizaciebi xels uwyobs demokratiis ganviTarebas; • arasamTavrobo organizaciebis meSveobiT adamianebs uadvildebaT sakuTari

interesebis dacva da miznebis realizacia;

• arasamTavrobo organizaciebi moqalaqeebs icavs saxelmwifos Zaladobisgan; • arasamTavrobo organizaciebi efeqturad amxels korufcias; • arasamTavrobo organizaciebi xels uwyobs sazogadoebaSi civiluri

samyarosTvis damaxasiaTebeli progresuli ideebis damkvidrebas;

• arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier mopovebuli saxsrebi, ZiriTadad, xmardeba sazogadoebisTvis sasargeblo saqmeebs.

II jgufi:– respondentebi, romlebic arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis sxvadasxva

aspeqts, ZiriTadad, uaryofiTad afaseben. kerZod, Tvlian, rom:

• arasamTavrobo organizaciebi sazogadoebaSi qaossa da uwesrigobas amkvidrebs;

• arasamTavrobo organizaciebi adamianebs cariel dapirebebs aZlevs; • arasamTavrobo organizaciebi xels uSlis saxelmwifos izrunos moqalaqeebis

sakeTildReod;

• arasamTavrobo organizaciebi arakanonieri gziT naSovni fulis “gaTeTrebis” saSualebaa;

• arasamTavrobo organizaciebi ar zrunavs erovnul Rirebulebebze da propagandas uwevs ucxo faseulobebs;

• arasamTavrobo organizaciebi mopovebul saxsrebs aradaniSnulebisamebr iyenebs.

III jgufi: – respondentebi, romlebsac arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis

aspeqtebis Sesaxeb Camoyalibebuli azri ar gaaCniaT.

IV jgufi: – respondentebi, romlebsac SeiZleba pirobiTad “oportunistebi””

vuwodoT. am tipis respondentebi ar atareben ““erT Tanmimdevrul xazs””” _

arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis aspeqtebidan daaxloebiT naxevars afaseben

dadebiTad da naxevars - uaryofiTad.

rogor Seicvala am jgufebs Soris respondentTa sixSiruli ganawileba 2003 wels

Catarebul kvlevasTan SedarebiT?

klasterebs Soris respondentTa ganawilebis suraTi radikalurad ar Secvlila,

Tumca aRsaniSnavia ramdenime tendencia:

• respondentTa xvedriTi wili Semcirda e.w. oportunistTa da mesame seqtoris saqmianobis sxvadasxva aspeqtebis mimarT ZiriTadad negativisturad ganwyobilTa

jgufSi.

• 2005 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebis mixedviT, ramdenadme moimata respondentTa raodenobam arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis

sxvadasxva aspeqtebis mimarT dadebiTad da gaurkvevlad ganwyobilTa jgufebSi

(ix. cxrili #31):

cxrili #31

klasterebi! 2003 w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

I jgufi: ! dadebiTad ganwyobilebi! 42.0! 50.0

II uaryofiTad ganwyobilebi! 19.0! 10.2

24

jgufi:!

III

jgufi:!

Camoyalibebuli azris

armqone!

12.0! 15.2

IV

jgufi:

“oportunistebi”! 28.0! 24.6

* * *

mocemul jgufebis daxasiaTeba socialur-demografiuli parametrebis mixedviT garkveulad

imeorebs 2003 wels dafiqsirebul tendenciebs, kerZod:

• I jgufis (dadebiTad Semfaseblebi) warmomadgenelTa xvedriTi wili ufro maRalia 45 wlamde asakis respondentebSi

• negativistebis wilic matulobs respondentTa asakis matebastan erTad • im respondentTa wili, romlebsac garkveuli azri ar gaaCniaT arasamTavrobo

seqtoris moRvaweobis Sesaxeb SedarebiT ufro maRalia 55 welze ufros respondentTa

Soris

• rac Seexeba “oportunistebis”: jgufs, misi asakobrivi profili ufro Sereulia (ix. diagrama #3):

diagrama #3

klasterebis ganawileba asakobriv jgufebSi

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+

cl1cl2cl3cl4

rac Seexeba ganaTlebis cenzis mixedviT gamoyofil jgufebSi Cvens mier aRwerili

jgufebis ganawilebas, aq suraTi Semdegnairia:

• dadebiTad ganwyobil respondentTa wili metia umaRlesi ganaTlebis mqone respondentTa Soris

• garkveuli poziciis armqoneTa xvedriTi wili metia umaRlesi ganaTlebis armqone respondentTa Soris

• “oportunistebis” profili am faqtoris mixedviTac Sereulia (ix. diagrama #4): diagrama #4

25

klasterebis ganawileba ganaTlebis cenzis

jgufebSi

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

cl1 cl2 cl3 cl4

ara umaRlesi

umaRlesi

rogor kavSirSia respondentis Semosavali arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

saqmianobis sxvadasxva aspeqtebis SefasebasTan? am parametris mixedviT analizma

mniSvnelovani statistikuri gansxvaveba ver gamoavlina. Tumca, SedarebiT

maRalSemosavlian respondentTa Soris odnav ufro maRalia dadebiTad ganwyobilTa

wili.

qalaqebis mosaxleobas Soris dadebiTad ganwyobilTa jgufis xvedriTi wili ufro

maRalia; soflis mosaxleobaSi, saerTo suraTTan SedarebiT, ufro maRalia e.w.

oportunistTa xvedriTi wili.

regionebs Soris dadebiTad ganwyobilTa ufro maRali xvedriTi wiliT

gamoirCevian aWaris, Sida qarTli/mcxeTa mTianeTis, guria-samedgrelos regionebi.

uaryofiTad ganwyobilTa xvedriTi wili SedarebiT maRalia kaxeTis, Tbilisis,

imereTis mosaxleobas Soris.

26

Tavi 5: moqalaqeTa urTierToba arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan

arasamTavrobo seqtorsa da sazogadoebas Soris urTierTobis formebidan gamoiyo:

a) arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier moqalaqeebisTvis SeTavazebuli momsaxurebiT

sargebloba; b) arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan TanamSromloba. sociologiuri

gamokiTxva iTvaliswinebda imis garkvevas, Tu ramdenad gavrcelebuli da

intensiuria arasamTavrobo seqtorsa da moqalaqeebs Soris urTierTobis orive

praqtika da moxda Tu ara mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi am mimarTulebiT bolo ori

wlis ganmavlobaSi.

Tu ori gamokiTxvis Sedegebs SevadarebT, SeiZleba visaubroT arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis momsaxurebiT mosargebleTa odnav matebaze. kerZod, am kategoriis

respondentTa wili 2003 wels Catarebuli kvlevis mixedviT 12.7% iyo, 2005 wels ki _

17.4%-ia. umniSvnelo matebaa, agreTve, im respondentTa Soris, visac UuTanamSromlia

(an TanamSromlobs) arasamTavrobo seqtorTan: 2003w. _ 5.8%; 2005w. _ – 7.9%.

gamokiTxvis SedegebiT, arasamTavrobo seqtoris mier SeTavazebuli momsaxurebiT

“mosargebleTa” kategorias SedarebiT ufro xSirad gamouyenebia saqvelmoqmedo

saqmianoba//humanitaruli daxmareba (5.5%); sixSiris mixedviT amas mohyveba

saganmanaTleblo kursebze, seminarebsa da treiningebze daswreba (4.8%), iuridiuli

konsultaciiT sargebloba (4.4%), daxmarebis miReba ama Tu im saqmianobisTvis saWiro

informaciis miRebaSi (1.7%), konsultaciebi kreditebis misaRebad (0.9%). sxva tipis

momsaxurebis xvedriTi wili 0.5%-s ar aRemateba.

im respondentTa Soris, visac usargeblia arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

momsaxurebiT, didi umravlesoba maT mier gaweul momsaxurebas dadebiTad afasebs

(84.5%). aseTive Sedegi dafiqsirda 2003 wels Catarebuli kvlevis mixedviT.

rogori tipis TanamSromloba hqondaT arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan im

respondentebs, romlebmac daafiqsires TanamSromlobis faqti?

yvelaze didi wili modis seminarebsa da treiningebSi monawileobaze (29.8%), sakmaod

didia arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier mowyobil RonisZiebebSi moxaliseTa

(36.2%) da arasamTavrobo organizaciis wevrTa wilic (21.3%). im respondentTa 14.9%,

romlebic arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan TanamSromlobs (an TanamSromlobda),

miuTiTebs, rom awodebs (awodebda) arasamTavrobo organizaciebs garkveul

informacias; 9.6%-s ganuxorcielebia proeqti arasamTavrobo organizaciis mier

gacemuli grantis farglebSi; 2.1 %-ma miiRo humanitaruli daxmareba arasamTavrobo

organizaciisgan (danarCeni pasuxebis sixSire 2%-s ar aRemateba).

gamokiTxvam gamoavlina is sferoebi, romlebSic moqalaqeebsa da arasamTavrobo

organizaciebs Soris TanamSromloba Sedga. Tu SevadarebT 2003 da 2005 wlebSi

Catarebuli kvlevebis Sedegebs, miviRebT Semdeg suraTs (ix. cxrili #32):

cxrili #32

! sferoebi! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)


2.! arCevnebis dros amomrCevelTa uflebebis dacva! 17.1! 38.3

3.! demokratiuli samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis damkvidreba! 17.1! 23.4


27

5.! saganmanaTleblo saqmianoba! 14.3! 4.2

6.! qalTa uflebebis dacva! 12.9! 8.5

7.! ekologiuri problemebi! 8.6! 5.3

8.! samewarmeo saqmianobisTvis xelSewyoba! 8.6! 4.3



11.! religiuri umciresoebebis uflebebis dacva! 2.9! 5.3


13.! jandacvis problemebis mogvareba! 2.9! 1.1



(rogorc aRiniSna, im respondentTa ricxvi, romlebmac arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan

TanamSromlobaze miuTiTes, sakmaod mcire iyo statistikuri analizisTvis (7.9%). Sesabamisad,

zemoaRniSnul SekiTxvasTan mimarTebaSi momxdari cvlilebebis Sesaxeb informacia

statistikuri sandoobis maRali xarisxiT ar gamoirCeva, Tumca, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom 2003-

2004 wlebis saarCevno procesebi mocemul monacemebzec aisaxa. kerZod, wina gamokvlevasTan

SedarebiT, mniSvnelovnad moimata mesame seqtorTan TanamSromlobis maCvenebelma iseT

sferoSi, rogoricaa arCevnebis dros amomrCevelTa uflebebis dacva. es uTuod aris 2003-04

wlebis saarCevno bataliebis gamoZaxili, rodesac arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

(gansakuTrebiT, “samarTliani arCevnebi”) aqtiurad CaerTnen arCevnebis monitoringSi

moqalaqeTa monawileobiT).

iseve, rogorc 2003 wels Catarebul kvlevaSi, arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan

TanamSromlobis ZiriTad motivebs Soris figurirebs sazogadoebisTvis

mniSvnelovan problemebze muSaobis SesaZlebloba (38.3%) da konkretuli TemiT,

sakiTxiT respondentTa daintereseba (29.8%). respondentTa mxolod 10.6% miuTiTebs

arasamTavrobo seqtorTan TanamSromlobis procesSi finansur dainteresebaze.

gamokiTxulTa amdenive wili miuTiTebs imaze, rom mesame seqtorTan sakuTari

nacnob-megobrebis daxmarebis gamo TanamSromlobs.

arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan TanamSromlobis survili

respondentTa 92.1%-s arasodes uTanamSromlia arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan. am

TvalsazrisiT viTareba mxolod umniSvnelod gaumjobesda 2003 welTan SEedarebiT

(Sesabamisad, 94.2%).

sainteresoa, aqvT Tu ara am respondentebs survili momavalSi iTanamSromlon

arasamTavrobo seqtorTan? am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, respondentTa poziciebi

daaxloebiT imeorebs 2003 wels dafiqsirebul suraTs: respondentTa 29.9% (2003w. -

33.4%) gamoTqvams mesame seqtorTan TanamSromlobis survils. gamokiTxulTa ufro

did nawils (43.3%; 2003w - 47.3%) arc uTanamSromlia da arc momavalSi gamoTqvams

TanamSromlobis survils. daaxloebiT yoveli meoTxe respondenti ver gamoTqvams

garkveul pozicias am sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi (2003w. – 19.7; 2005 w. 26.7%).

* * *

respondentTa socialur-demografiuli maxasiaTebelebidan arasamTavrobo

organizaciebTan TanamSromlobis survili kavSirSia respondentis asakTan da

ganaTlebis cenzTan. kerZod:

• rac ufro axalgazrdaa respondenti, miT ufro metad gamoTqvams mesame seqtorTan TanamSromlobis survils. aseT respondentTa xvedriTi wili

yvelaze maRalia 18-24 wlis asakobriv jgufSi (41.5%).

28

• arasamTavrobo seqtorTan TanamSromlobis msurvelTa xvedriTi wili ufro maRalia umaRlesi ganaTlebis mqone (37.5%), vidre umaRlesi ganaTlebis

armqone respondentebSi (24.9%).

regionebTan mimarTebaSi yvelaze mkveTri cvlileba kvlav aWaris regionSia

dafiqsirebuli. am regionis mosaxleobaSi mkveTrad moimata arasamTavrobo

organizaciebTan TanamSromlobis survilma (ix. cxrili #33):

cxrili #33

! gaqvT Tu ara survili iTanamSromloT arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan?

! ! diax

(%)!

ara

(%)!

miWirs pasuxis

gacema

(%)

! regionebi! 2003w.! 2005w

.!

2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w.

1.! Tbilisi! 37.5! 29.3! 49.5! 56.8! 13.1! 13.9

2.! kaxeTi! 30.3! 29.8! 48.7! 38.8! 21.0! 31.4

3.! Sida qarTli/mcxeTa

mTianeTi!

26.6! 36.4! 65.1! 47.7! 8.3! 15.9

4.! qvemoqarTli/samcxe-

javaxeTi!

32.0! 24.7! 30.3! 40.6! 37.7! 34.7

5.! guria/samegrelo! 36.9! 24.4! 49.0! 23.2! 14.0! 52.4

6.! imereTi! 41.0! 34.4! 47.7! 47.3! 11.3! 18.3

7.! aWara! 14.9! 35.4! 41.5! 36.6! 43.6! 28.0

romel sferoebs aniWeben upiratesobas is respondentebi, romlebic gamoTqvamen

arasamTavrobo seqtorTan TanamSromlobis survils? am sferoebis arCevani TiTqmis

iseTivea, rogorc 2003 wels Catarebul kvlevaSi iyo. am TvalsazrisiTac,

mosaxleobis ganwyobebSi mniSvnelovani Zvrebi ar momxdara (ix. cxrili #34):

cxrili #34 ! sferoebi, romlebSic respondentebi gamoTqvamen mesame

seqtorTan TanamSromlobis survils!

2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)



3.! qalTa uflebebis dacva! 18.5! 18.8

5.! samewarmeo saqmianobisTvis xelSewyoba! 18.3! 21.3

6.! ekologiuri problemebis gadawyveta! 15.5! 14.9


8.! xelSewyoba sazRvargareT ganaTlebis miRebaSi! 13.8! 14


10.! arCevnebis dros amomrCevelTa uflebebis dacva! 8.5! 6.1

11.! demokratiuli/samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis damkvidreba! 7.5! 4.0

12! saganmanaTleblo saqmianoba! 3.3! 0.9

13.! religiuri umciresobebis uflebaTa dacva! 2.8! 5.2




sainteresoa, rom iseve, rogorc 2003 wels Catarebul kvlevaSi, respondentebis mier

im sferoebis dasaxeleba, romlebSic isini isurvebdnen arasamTavrobo

organizaciebTan TanamSromlobas, ar emTxveva im sferos, romelsac mosaxleoba

mesame seqtorisTvis prioritetulad Tvlis. miuxedavad imisa, rom upirvelesi

sazogadoebrivi “dakveTa” arasamTavrobo seqtorisTvis korufciasTan brZolaa, am

29

sferoSi mesame seqtorTan TanamSromlobis msurveli SedarebiT naklebia sxva

sferoebTan SedarebiT.

regionebis mixedviT is sferoebi, romlebSic mosaxleoba arasamTavrobo seqtorTan

TanamSromlobas isurvebda, ase ganawilda (ix. cxrili #35 : )

cxrili #35

! sferoebi, romlebSic respondentebi gamoTqvamen mesame seqtorTan

TanamSromlobis survils!

Tbil

isi

(%)!

kaxeT

i

(%)!

Sida

qar

Tl

i//

mcxeT

a-

mT

ianeT

i

(%)

Qvvemo

qar

Tl

i//

samcxe-

javaxeT

i

(%)

gur

ia//

samegr

el

o

(%)

imer

eT

i

(%)!

aWar

a

(%)!

1.! bavSvTa uflebebis dacva! 18.5! ! 15.1! ! 15.0! 16.7! 25.9!

2.! qalTa uflebebis dacva! 13.4! 13.4! 12.3! ! ! ! 16.7!

3.! saqvelmoqmedo

saqmianoba//humanitaruli daxmareba!

11.8! 20.9! ! ! 15.0! 17.6! !

4.! samewarmeo saqmianobisaTvis

xelSewyoba!

! 17.9! ! 18.8! ! 12.0! 14.8!

5.! korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola! ! ! 12.3! ! ! 12.0! !

6.! xelSewyoba sazRvargareT

ganaTlebis misaRebad!

! ! 13.7! 14.1! ! ! !

7.! ekologiuri problemebis

gadawyveta!

! ! ! 20.3! ! ! !


kontroli!

! ! ! ! 23.3! !

Tanabari anazRaurebis pirobebSi mianiWebdnen Tu ara upiratesobas respondentebi

arasamTavrobo organizacias, rogorc samuSao adgils?

am TvalsazrisiT, respondentTa ganwyobebi mniSvnelovnad ar Secvlila. iseve,

rogorc 2003 wels Catarebul kvlevaSi, arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi muSaobis

dawyebas respondentebi, Tanabari anazRaurebis pirobebSic ki, amjobineben kerZo

biznesSi, sabiujeto organizaciebSi da saxelisuflebo struqturebSi dasaqmebas (ix.

cxrili #36):

cxrili #36

Tu anazRaureba iqneboda Tanabari, sad isurvebdiT muSaobis dawyebas?

! ! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1.! kerZo biznesSi! 46.6! 36.6

2.! sabiujeto organizaciaSi! 21.8! 20.2

3.! saxelisuflebo struqturebSi! 15.8! 15

4.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi! 10.4! 8.7

5.! politikur partiaSi! 2.6! 1.3

6.! nebismier organizaciaSi! 0.2! 0.5


arasamTavrobo organizaciaSi dasaqmebis survili odnav ufro metia umaRlesi

ganaTlebis mqone respondentTa Soris (11.2%), ara umaRlesi ganaTlebis mqone

respondentebTan SedarebiT (6.9%).

ra aris im respondentebis motivacia, romlebsac ar surT arasamTavrobo

organizaciebTan TanamSromloba? sainteresoa, rom 2003 wlis monacemebTan

SedarebiT, Semcirda im respondentebis ricxvi, romlebic motivaciad TviT

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis SigniT arsebul naklovanebebs an maT mimarT

30

uaryofiT ganwyobas afiqsireben. orive kvlevis monacemebi ase gamoiyureba (ix.

cxrili #37)::

cxrili #37 ! ratom ar gsurT arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan

TanamSromloba?!

2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1.! ar meqneba stabiluri anazRaureba/xelfasi! 15.5! 7.8

2.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebis muSaoba araefeqturia, maTTan

TanamSromlobiT SeuZlebelia problemebis realurad

mogvareba!

23.0! 18.5

3.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi emsaxureba kerZo pirebis

(partiebis, organizaciebis) interesebs!

16.8! 10.5

4.! maqvs (minda mqondes) ukeTesi samuSao! 23.6! 18.7

5.! arasamTavrobo organizaciebi korumpirebulia! 6.0! 3.2

6.! xels ar miwyobs asaki! 8.6! 12.4 ! sxva mizezi: xels ar miwyobs janmrTeloba, ojaxuri pirobebis

gamo, ar mainteresebs da a.S.!

! 14.3




arasamTavrobo organizaciebisadmi mimarTva da mzaoba maT mxardasaWerad

cxovrebis sxvadasxva eqstremalur situaciaSi arasamTavrobo organizaciisTvis

mimarTvis moTxovna garkveulwilad gamoxatavs mosaxleobis azrs arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis qmediTunarianobis Sesaxeb. rogoria arasamTavrobo struqturebisa

da sxva institutebis “wona” im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saqme adamianis uflebebis dacvas

exeba. 2003 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebma gamoavlina, rom arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis “wona” adamianis uflebebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT CamorCeba

sasamarTlos da saxalxo damcvelis gavlenas, Tumca, aRemateba parlamentis adamianis

uflebaTa dacvis komitetis gavlenas. 2005 wels Catarebulma kvlevam gaimeora

aRniSnuli tendencia. arasamTavrobo seqtoris poziciebi am TvalsazrisiT odnav

ufro gamyarda da dauaxlovda saxalxo damcvelis poziciebs (ix. cxrili #38)::

cxrili #38 ! Tu Tqveni uflebebi dairRva, vis mimarTavdiT? ! ! 2003w.

(%)!

2005w.

(%)

1.! saxalxo damcvels! 42.8! 40.2

2.! sasamarTlos! 48.0! 44.3

3.! parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komitets! 20.5! 22.3

4.! adamianis uflebebis damcvel arasamTavrobo organizaciebs! 32.1! 35.7

5.! kriminaluri samyaros avtoritetebs! 13.3! 6.1

6.! arcerTs! 10.0! 11.2

7.! nacnob-megobrebs! 1.3! 1.4

8.! saxelisuflebo partias! 1.3! 1.1



arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mimarT damokidebulebis erT-erT mniSvnelovani

indikatoria moqalaqeTa mzaoba, ara mxolod miiRos an moiTxovos arasamTavrobo

organizaciebisgan garkveuli daxmareba, aramed Tavad gamoavlinos sxvadasxva tipis

aqtivoba arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mxardasaWerad. 2003 wlis Catarebulma

kvlevam am TvalsazrisiT mosaxleobis maRali mzaoba ver gamoavlina. 2005 wels

31

Catarebuli kvleva, arsebiTad, imeorebs gamovlenil tendenciebs, Tumca, aris

gaumjobeseba erTi mimarTulebiT: im respondentTa wili, romlebic mesame seqtoris

sxvadasxva saxiT mxardaWeraze upirobo uars acxadeben, ramdenadme Semcirda.

miuxedavad amisa, rogorc monacemebi aCvenebs, am kategoriam jer ver gadainacvla

aqtiur mxardamWerTa rigebSi, anu gaizarda ufro frTxili an gaukveveli poziciis

respondentTa wili. respondentTa mzaoba 2005 wlis kvlevis Tanaxmad, saboloo

jamSi, aseTia:

• respondentebi yvelaze negatiurad arian ganwyobilni arasamTavrobo organizaciis mxardasaWerad saproteso aqciaSi monawileobis mimarT. yoveli

meore respondenti acxadebs, rom ar miiRebda monawileobas am tipis aqciaSi;

• yvelaze meti respondenti, SesaZleblobis SemTxvevaSi, arasamTavrobo seqtoris mimarT finansuri mxardaWeris survils gamoTqvams;

• daaxloebiT yoveli mesame respondenti Tvlis, rom miiRebda monawileobas arasamTavrobo organizaciis mier mowyobil RonisZiebebSi moxalised.

ufro detalurad monacemebi mocemulia qvemoT (ix. cxrili #39):

cxrili #39 ! aqtivobebi! diax

(%)!

ara

(%)!

miWirs pasuxis

gacema

(%)

! ! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w.! 2003w.! 2005w.

1.! miviRebdi monawileobas saprotesto

aqciaSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

uflebebis dasacavad, raime Zalis mxridan

maTze zewolis SemTxvevaSi!

32.2! 30.7! 54.8! 49.2! 13.2! 20.1

2.! SesaZlebloba rom mqondes,

davexmarebodi arasamTavrobo

organizaciebs fuladi saxsrebiT!

53.3! 51.5! 37.2! 30.4! 9.6! 18.0

3.! miviRebdi monawileoba moxalised

(anazRaurebis gareSe) arasamTavrobo

organizaciis mier mowyobil

RonisZiebebSi!

38.3! 36.3! 48.6! 42.5! 13.1! 21.2

* * *

gamokiTxvam isic aCvena, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mxardaWerisTvis, sxva

jgufebTan SedarebiT, ufro met mzaobas amJRavneben umaRlesi ganaTlebis mqone, 55

wlamde respondentebi, ufro metad regionebis didi qalaqebis macxovreblebi.

32

daskvna

sinTezuri indikatoris mniSvnelobebi mosaxleobis SerCevisTvis

sinTezuri indikatori aigo xuTi maCveneblis safuZvelze. TiToeul maCvenebels

mieniWa wona eqspertuli Sefasebebis safuZvelze. ganxorcielda maCvenebelTa

maTematikuri formalizacia, ris Sedegadac TiToeuli maCvenebeli, saboloo jamSi,

iRebs mniSvnelobas -5 -dan +5 -mde. sinTezuri indikatori warmoadgens xuTi

maCveneblis saSualo ariTmetikuls (Sesabamisi wonebis gaTvaliswinebiT). sinTezuri

indikatoris mniSvnelobac moTavsebulia _5-dan +5 –mde.

I maCvenebeli:– moqalaqeTa informirebuloba arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da maTi

saqmianobis Sesaxeb.

informirebuloba Sefasda kiTxvarSi mocemuli testuri SekiTxvebis safuZvelze.

kerZod:

kiTxvebi B3-B7 gulisxmobda arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis Taviseburebebis aRmweri debulebebis SeTavazebas respondentebisTvis. maT unda

ganesazRvraT, romeli saqmianoba an niSania arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

maxasiaTebeli da romeli _ ara (am niSan-Tvisebebze zemoT ukve iyo saubari).

kiTxvebi B10 – B16 moicavda konkretuli organizaciebis (rogorc arasamTavrobo, aseve sxva iuridiul-samarTlebrivi statusis) CamonaTvals. respondents unda

ganesazRvra, CamonaTvalidan romeli miekuTvneba arasamTavrobo organizaciebs (am

sakiTxzec respondentTa poziciebi zemoT iqna gaanalizebuli).

yoveli swori pasuxisTvis respondenti iRebs +5-s, xolo yoveli araswori pasuxisTvis _

(-5 -s).

sworad da arasworad gacemuli pasuxebis Tanafardobis safuZvelze gamoiyo

respondentTa sami kategoria:

1. “informirebulebi” – am kategorias miekuTvna is respondentebi, romlebmac 12 kiTxvidan Tormetives sworad gasces pasuxi;

2. “nawilobriv (met-naklebad) informirebulebi” – am kategorias miekuTvna is respondentebi, romlebma 12 kiTxvidan 9 an 10 kiTxvaze sworad upasuxes.

3. “cudad informirebulebi” – am kategorias miekuTvna is respondentebi, romlebmac 12 kiTxvidan oTxs arasworad gasces pasuxi.

SeniSvna: amgvari kategorizaciis procesSi mxedvelobaSi iqna miRebuli SemTxveviT

sworad gacemul pasuxTa albaToba.

saboloo jamSi, 2005 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebis safuZvelze,

I maCvenebeli = - 3.60.

aRsaniSnavia, rom informirebulobis maCvenebeli, 2003 welTan SedarebiT, odnav

gauaresebulia. 2003 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegad I maCvenebeli = - 2.86.

33

II maCvenebeli”: moqalaqeTa darwmunebuloba imaSi, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

dadebiT rols asrulebs saqarTveloSi mimdinare procesebSi.

aRniSnuli maCvenebeli ganisazRvra adekvatur SekiTxvebze gacemuli pasuxebis

safuZvelze. dadebiTi pasuxi iRebs =+5 qulas; uaryofiTi – (-5)-s; gaurkveveli

pozicia - – 0-s.

SekiTxva A4: rogor afasebT arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobas saqarTveloSi? – mocemul kiTxvaze pasuxebis qulebi Semdegnairad gadanawilda (ix. cxrili #40):

cxrili #40 ! arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis Sefaseba! qula

1.! dadebiTi! 5

2.! ufro dadebiTi, vidre uaryofiTi! 2.5

3.! ufro uaryofiTi, vidre dadebiTi! -2.5

4.! uaryofiTi! -5

5.! miWirs pasuxis gacema! 0

SekiTxva C1: ramdenad axdens gavlenas arasamTavrobo seqtori saqarTveloSi mimdinare procesebze? – mocemul kiTxvaze pasuxebis qulebi analogiuri wesiT

ganawilda (ix. cxrili #41):

cxrili #41 ! arasamTavrobo seqtoris gavlena mimdinare procesebze! qula

1.! mniSvnelovani! 5

2.! met-naklebad mniSvnelovani! 2.5

3.! mcire! -2.5

4.! gavlenis armqone! -5


SekiTxvebi C33 – C38: mocemuli cvladebi gulisxmobda arasamTavrobo seqtoris saqmianobis sxvadasxva aspeqtis Semfasebel dadebiT da uaryofiT debulebebs Soris

arCevanis gakeTebas respondentis mier (es SekiTxvebi zemoT detalurad iqna

ganxiluli).

debulebebi exeboda:

1. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis rolis Sefasebas qveynis demokratizaciis procesSi

2. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis rolis Sefasebas moqalaqeTa saxelmwifos Zaladobisgan dacvis procesSi

3. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis rolis Sefasebas korufciasTan brZolis procesSi

4. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis rolis Sefasebas progresuli RirebulebiTi orientaciis Campoyalibebis procesSi

5. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier fuladi saxsrebis miznobrivad xarjvis Sefasebas.

2005 wels Catarebuli kvlevis safuZvelze: II maCvenebeli = 1.06

aRniSnuli maCvenebeli gaumjobesebulia 2003 welTan SedarebiT. 2003 wels II

maCvenebeli = =0.66.

34

III maCvenebeli: moqalaqeTa darwmunebulobis xarisxi imaSi, rom arasamTavrobo

organizaciebi sazogadoebas sasargeblo momsaxurebas awvdis.

aRniSnuli maCvenebeli gamoiTvala D2 SekiTxvis (rogor afasebT arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier gaweul momsaxurebas?) safuZvelze. pasuxebisTvis qulebis

miniWebis wesi ar Secvlila (ix. cxrili #42):

cxrili #42

! arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier gaweuli momsaxurebis

Sefaseba!

qula

1.! dadebiTi! 5

2.! ufro dadebiTi, vidre uaryofiTi! 2.5

3.! ufro uaryofiTi, vidre dadebiTi! -2.5

4.! uaryofiTi! -5


2005 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebis safuZvelze: III maCvenebeli = 3.10.

aRniSnuli maCvenebliTac arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Sefaseba gaumjobesebulia:

analogiuri maCvenebeli 2003 wlisTvis == 2.80.

IV maCvenebeli: moqalaqeTa survili iTanamSromlon arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan.

maCvenebeli ganisazRvra ori SekiTxvis safuZvelze:

SekiTxva D8: “gaqvT Tu ara survili iTanamSromloT arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan?”

im pasuxebs, romlebic gamoxatavs arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan TanamSromlobis

survils, mieniWa 5 qula; imaT, vinc ar gamoxatavs TanamSromlobis survils _ (-5)

qula.

SekiTxva D11: “Tu anazRaureba iqneboda Tanabari, sad isurvebdiT muSaobas?” im pasuxebs, romlebic gamoxatavs arasamTavrobo organizaciaSi muSaobis survils,

mieniWa 5 qula, yvela danarCen pasuxs mieniWa (-5) qula.

2005 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebis safuZvelze: IV maCvenebeli = - 0. 03.

aRniSnuli maCvenebeli gaumjobesebulia 2003 welTan SedarebiT = (- 0.04).

V maCvenebeli: moqalaqeTa realuri monawileobis xarisxi arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis saqmianobaSi.

mocemuli maCvenebeli ganisazRvra D3 SekiTxvis safuZvelze: “giTanamSromliaT Tu ara arasamTavrobo organizaciasTan?”

Sesabamisad, im respondentebs, visac uTanamSromlia arasamTavrobo organizaciasTan

mieniWaT 5 qula, visac ar uTanamSromlia _ (-5) qula.

2005 wels Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebis safuZvelze: V maCvenebeli = - 4.21

35

mocemuli maCvenebelic odnav gaumjobesebulia 2003 wlis monacemebTan SedarebiT=(-

4.42).

Sejamebuli da sistemuri saxiT ori kvlevis Sedegebi Semdegnairad warmogvidgeba

(ix. cxrili #43):

cxrili #43

! I

maCvenebe

li!

II

maCvenebel

i!

III

maCvenebel

i!

IV

maCvenebel

i!

V

maCvenebel

i!

sinTezuri

maCvenebe

li ! 2003! 2005! 2003! 2005! 2003! 2005! 2003! 2005! 2003! 2005! 2003! 2005 ! -2.86! -3.60! 0.66! 1.06! 2.80! 3.10! -0.04! -0.03! -4.42! -4.21! -0.77! -0.74

wona

(%)!

40! 25! 20! 10! 5!

Sewoni

li!

-1.15! -1.44! 0.16! 0.26! 0.56! 0.62! -0.004! -0.003! -0.22! -0.21! -0.65! -0.77

amrigad, rogorc cxrilidan Cans, 2005 wels Catarebulma kvlevam gamoavlina xuTi

maCveneblidan OoTxis gaumjobesebuli maCvenebeli, rac gamovlinda kidec Seuwonavi

saxiT ori sinTezuri indikatoris Sedarebisas (2003w.: -0.77; 2005w.: -0.74). es mianiSnebs,

rom Seuwonavi saxiT, 2005 wlis monacemebis Tanaxmad, arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

mimarT mosaxleobis damokidebuleba odnav gaumjobesda. Tumca, imis gamo, rom

eqspertebma informirebulobis maCvenebels yvelaze didi mniSvneloba mianiWes,

Sewonilma sinTezurma indikatorma, 2003 wels Catarebuli kvleviT, ukeTesi

maCvenebeli miiRo.

36

moqalaqeTa darwmunebuloba imaSi, rom arasamTavrobo organizacmoqalaqeTa darwmunebulobis xarisxi imaSi, rom arasamTavrobo moqalaqeTa survili, iTanamSromlon arasamTavrobo organizacieb

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mimarT mosaxleobis ......arasamTavrobo organizaciebi)! 2.3! 14.!...

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Transcript of arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mimarT mosaxleobis ......arasamTavrobo organizaciebi)! 2.3! 14.!...