Apache Fast Cgi Tutorial

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Apache FastCGI Tutorial

Release 0.9

Sbastien Lugan

April 10, 2011


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CONTENTS

1 Prerequisites 1

2 Server configuration 3

2.1 Installation of Apache, FastCGI module and libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.2 Configuration of Apache web server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.3 Starting the FastCGI TCP server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.4 Killing the FastCGI TCP server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3 Setting-up the FastCGI development environment 5

3.1 Installation of FastCGI library and headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.2 Example FastCGI script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4 Testing your Apache FastCGI server 7

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CHAPTER

ONE

PREREQUISITES

This document assumes that you are currently running a Debian-based distribution, such as Debian Squeeze.

The instructions given in this documentation should work with any other Debian-based distribution (other Debian

releases, Ubuntu, etc.) as well but this has not been tested.

Please refer to the documentation provided with your distribution if needed.

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http://www.debian.org/distrib/http://www.debian.org/distrib/http://www.debian.org/distrib/


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Apache FastCGI Tutorial, Release 0.9

2 Chapter 1. Prerequisites


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CHAPTER

TWO

SERVER CONFIGURATION

2.1 Installation of Apache, FastCGI module and libraries

The following packages must be installed:

apache2-mpm-prefork Apache web server itself

libapache2-mod-fastcgi Apache FastCGI module

libfcgi FastCGI library

spawn-fcgi FastCGI process spawner

Step 1 install the required packages:

# aptitude install apache2-mpm-prefork libapache2-mod-fastcgi libfcgi spawn-fcgi

Note: selecting "libfcgi0ldbl" instead of the

virtual package "libfcgi"

The following NEW packages will be installed:

apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-utils{a} apache2.2-bin{a} apache2.2-common{a}

libapache2-mod-fastcgi libapr1{a} libaprutil1{a}libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3{a} libaprutil1-ldap{a} libfcgi0ldbl spawn-fcgi

0 packages upgraded, 11 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

Need to get 2405 kB of archives. After unpacking 7971 kB will be used.

Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] Y

Step 2 ensure that the Apache server is now running:

# service apache2 status

Apache2 is running (pid 1628).

2.2 Configuration of Apache web server

Add the following line to your /etc/apache2/mods-available/fastcgi.conf configuration file:

FastCGIExternalServer /var/www/myFCGI -host localhost:3000

where /var/www is your DocumentRoot.

Please note that /var/www/myFCGI does not need to (and actually should not) exist in your filesystem. Unlike

CGI, FastCGI uses network or UNIX domain sockets to connect to the FastCGI script, not files.

This directive simply indicates to the web server the location of the requests which should be handled by the

FastCGI script (here: http://your.web.server/myFCGI ).

For example, if your original file looks like that:

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AddHandler fastcgi-script .fcgi

#FastCgiWrapper /usr/lib/apache2/suexec

FastCgiIpcDir /var/lib/apache2/fastcgi

You should change it into:

AddHandler fastcgi-script .fcgi

#FastCgiWrapper /usr/lib/apache2/suexec

FastCgiIpcDir /var/lib/apache2/fastcgi

FastCGIExternalServer /var/www/myFCGI -host localhost:3000

Dont forget to reload Apache:

# apache2ctl graceful

Your Apache web server will then connect the following URL http://your.web.server/myFCGI to a

FastCGI TCP server running on localhost, port 3000.

2.3 Starting the FastCGI TCP server

Assuming that your FastCGI script is /home/httpd/fcgi-scripts/tiny-fcgi , enter the following

command:

# spawn-fcgi -p 3000 -f /home/httpd/fcgi-scripts/tiny-fcgi

spawn-fcgi: child spawned successfully: PID: 1818

Please note the PID of the spawned child.

2.4 Killing the FastCGI TCP server

Simply kill the spawned child.

As for the previous example, the command to issue would be:

# kill 1818

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CHAPTER

THREE

SETTING-UP THE FASTCGIDEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Installation of FastCGI library and headers

The following packages must be installed:

libfcgi FastCGI library

libfcgi-dev FastCGI header files

Install the required packages:

# aptitude install libfcgi libfcgi-dev

Note: selecting "libfcgi0ldbl" instead of the

virtual package "libfcgi"

The following NEW packages will be installed:

libfcgi-dev libfcgi0ldbl

0 packages upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

Need to get 0 B/315 kB of archives. After unpacking 958 kB will be used.

3.2 Example FastCGI script

Lets consider the following trivial tiny-fcgi.c example:

#include

#include

int main(int argc, char **argv)

{

int count = 0;

while(FCGI_Accept() >= 0)

printf("Content-type: text/html\r\n"

"\r\n"

"FastCGI Hello!\n"

"FastCGI Hello!\n"

"Request number %d running on host %s\n",

++count, getenv("SERVER_NAME"));

return 0;

}

and its associated trivial Makefile:

CPPFLAGS=-std=c99 -pedantic -Wall -O3LDFLAGS=-s -lfcgi

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Compile the script:

$ make tiny-fcgi

cc -std=c99 -pedantic -Wall -O3 -s -lfcgi tiny-fcgi.c -o tiny-fcgi

and check it:

$ ./tiny-fcgiContent-type: text/html

FastCGI Hello!

FastCGI Hello!

Request number 1 running on host (null)

You can now upload this file to your FastCGI server (e.g. in /home/httpd/fcgi-scripts/tiny-fcgi ).

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CHAPTER

FOUR

TESTING YOUR APACHE FASTCGISERVER

Simply point your web browser to your FastCGI URL (e.g.: http://your.web.server/myFCGI ).

You can also use curl (you might need to install the curl package) to check your installation from a terminal:$ curl http://localhost/myFCGI

FastCGI Hello!

FastCGI Hello!

Request number 1 running on host localhost

$ curl http://localhost/myFCGI

FastCGI Hello!

FastCGI Hello!


$ curl http://localhost/myFCGI

FastCGI Hello!

FastCGI Hello!


(please note that the request number is increasing, since the very same process is answering all of the requests)

Congratulations: your Apache FastCGI installation is working!

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