AP Physics I Study Guide Chapter 2 - Abby & Katie's...

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AP Physics I Study Guide Chapter 2 Motion An object is moving it is position relative to a fixed point is changing Position – where an object is precisely located Displacement and distance Distance – separation between two points Scalar

Transcript of AP Physics I Study Guide Chapter 2 - Abby & Katie's...

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AP  Physics  I  Study  Guide  Chapter  2  

 v Motion    

Ø An  object  is  moving  it  is  position  relative  to  a  fixed  point  is  changing    Ø Position  –  where  an  object  is  precisely  located    

v Displacement  and  distance    Ø Distance  –  separation  between  two  points    

§ Scalar    

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Ø Displacement  –  change  in  position  with  respect  to  a  fixed  point    § Vector  quantity    § Magnitude  and  direction    

Ø ∆𝑥 = 𝑣! − 𝑣!  Ø Linear    

§ 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏  § !"#$

!"#= ∆!

∆!  

§ 𝑥 = 𝑚𝑡 + 𝑏  v Velocity  and  speed    

Ø 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =   !"#$%&'(!"#$

 § Total  distance    § Scalar  –  magnitude    

Ø 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 =   !"#$%&'()*+!"#$

 § Must  have  direction    § Vector  –  magnitude  and  direction    

Ø 𝑣! =∆!∆!  

Ø 𝑥! = 𝑣𝑡 + 𝑥!  Ø 𝑣!"# =

∆!∆!  

v Instantaneous  and  average  velocity    Ø Average  velocity    

§ Displacement  traveled  over  an  elapse  in  time    § 𝑣 = ∆!

∆!  

Ø Instantaneous  velocity    § Velocity  at  an  exact  point  in  time  or  a  short  time  interval    § The  slope  of  tangent    § lim!→!

∆!∆!= !"

!"  

§ 𝑣 = lim!→!! !!∆! !!(!)

∆!= !"

!"  

v Kinematics    Ø Constant  velocity    

§ 𝑣 = ∆!∆!  

Ø Constant  acceleration    § 𝑎! =

∆!!∆!  

§ ∆𝑥 = 𝑣!"𝑡 +!!𝑎𝑡!  

§ 𝑣!"! = 𝑣!"! + 2𝑎∆𝑥  § ∆𝑥 = !

!𝑣!" + 𝑣!" 𝑡  

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 Ø if  acceleration  and  velocity  have  the  same  sign  you’re  speeding  up  more  and  

vice  versa    Ø Opposite  signs  of  acceleration  and  velocity  means  its  slowing  down    

v Other    Ø G’s  =   !

!.!"! !!  

Ø ∆𝑥 = !!𝑣! + 𝑣! 𝑡  

v Gravity    Ø 9.81𝑚 𝑠

!  =  gravity  =  constant    § At  sea  level    

Ø 𝐹! = 𝑚𝑔  Ø Projectile  –  only  influence  of  gravity  affecting  motion