Answer Set 3

8/8/2019 Answer Set 3

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PERFECT SCORE BIOLOGY2010

BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DANSEKOLAH KLUSTER

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PERFECTSCOREBIOLOGY2010

MODULE Form 5

Teacher’s Copy

DISEDIAKAN OLEH:

1. Puan Hasimah binti Azit - Sekolah Seri Puteri,Cyberjaya

2. Puan

Norma b Tuan YaaSMS AlamShah3. Encikbin HussSMS Kua Terengg



APER 3

1




Question 1

Answer all questions.

1. A group of students carried out an experiment to study the effect of temperature to rate of

plant transpiration.

Diagram 1.1(a) shows a set-up apparatus used in this experiment. The apparatus areprepared and carry out in laboratory temperature of 30ᴼC. The whole were repeated Ai r bubblesplacing the set-up apparatus in different temperatures.

Air bubbles

Diagram 1 (b) shows the position of the air bubble at the initial of the experiment.

2




Table 1.1

(a) Complete the Table 1.1 by recording the temperature and the final position of air bubbles[3 marks]

(b) (i) Based on table 1.1 state two observations on the relationship between thetemperature and distance of air bubble travel in 5 minutes.

1. ..

2. ..

[3 marks]

(ii) State the inferences which corresponds to the observations in 1 (a)(i)

1. ..

2. ..

[3 marks]

4




(c) Base on this experiment, complete the Table 1.2

Variables Method to handle the variable

Manipulated variable

Responding variable

Controls variable

[3 marks]

Table 1.2

(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.

[3 marks]

5




(e) The following list is part of the apparatus and material used in this experiment.

Thermometer, stop watch, ruler, capillary tube, plant leaves, water

Complete Table 1.3 by matching each variable with the apparatus and material used in thisexperiment.

Variable Apparatus material

Manipulated

Responding

Controlled

Table 1.3

[3 marks]

(f) (i) Base on the Table 1.1, construct the table and record the results of this experiment whichincludes following aspects:

:

Temperature (oC) The distance of air bubble moved (cm) Rate of transpiration (cm/minute)

[3 marks]

6




(ii) On the graph paper provided, draw a graph of rate of transpiration against the temperature.[3 marks]

7




(iii) Based on the graph, state the relationship between the rate of transpiration and thetemperature

Explain your answer.

[3 marks]

(g) Based on experiment, define operationally what the ‘transpiration’ is.

[3 marks]

(g) In another experiment, the apparatus is located under the bright sun shine.Predict the observation and explain your prediction.

[3 marks]

8




Question 11(a)

Score ExplanationAble to record three readings of temperature and the distance movement of air bubble in the potometer correctly.

3 20 oC = 4.5 cm + 0.530 oC = 5.0 cm + 0.540 oC = 9.0 cm+ 0.5

1(b) (i)Score Explanation

Able to state two correct observations based on experiment.

3 Sample Answer:(either 2):1. The air bubble moves from 0 cm to 4.5 cm at the temperature 20oC.2 . The air bubble moves from 0 cm to 5.0 cm at the temperature 30oC.

3 . The air bubble moves from 0 cm to 9.0 cm at the temperature 40 oC.4. The air bubble moves under temperature 40oC is more than under temperature

30oC1(b) (ii)

Score Explanation3 Able to state two reasonable inferences for the observation.

Sample answer:1. The water molecules evaporate from surface of the leaves /rate of transpiration

is slow in cooler environment.2. The water molecules evaporate from surface of the leaves rapidly /rate of the

transpiration is high under warm environment..

3. The water molecules evaporate faster in warmer condition compare to cooler condition.

1(c) (i)Score Explanation

Able to state all the variables and the method to handle variable correctly(√) for each variable and method

Variable Method to handle3 Manipulated Variable The potometer is put under different

Temperature temperatureResponding Variable Measure and record the distance by usingThe distance of air bubble / the ruler.

Rate of transpiration Calculate rate of transpiration using formula:distance/time

Controlled variable Experiment is carried out in the same room/Humidity / Light intensity / use same number of leaves that is 5 leavesnumber of leaves/ type of plant / use same type of hibiscus plant in all

experiment

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1(d)Score Explanation

3 Able to state the hypothesis correctly based on the following criteria:P1 - State the temperature.P2 - State rate of transpiration / the distance of air bubble move R

- State the relationship between P1 and P2.

The higher the temperature the higher the rate of transpiration/ the further/longer themovement of air bubble.

1(e)Score Explanation

Able to match the apparatus and material used to obtain data for the threevariables correctly.

3Variable Apparatus MaterialManipulated Thermometer plant leaves

Responding stop watch water Ruler capillary tube

Controls Stop watchcapillary tube

1(f)(i)Score Explanation

Able to construct a table and record the result of the experiment with the followingcriteria:

3C - Complete column and row with correct labels D- Transfer all data correctly. (√)T - Calculate the rate of transpiration (distance/minute) (√)

Temperature (0C) Distance of air Rate of bubble (cm) transpiration

(cm/min)20 4.5 0.930 5.0 1.030 9.0 1.8

1(f)(ii)Score Explanation

Able to draw a graph of rate of transpiration against the temperature..3 Axis (A) - both axis are labelled an uniform scales, independent

variable on horizontal axis. (√)Point (P) - All points are correctly plotted. (√)Shape(S) - All points are connected smoothly (√).

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1(f)(iii)Score Explanation

Able to answer with the following aspects:3

the relationship between rate of transpiration and the temperature

reason 1 - higher temperature, more water vapour evaporate from the leaf reason 2 - more water absorb by the plant from capillary.

1(g)Score Explanation

3 Able to state the definition of transpiration operationally, complete and correct,based on the following criteria.

P1 - water vapour loss from the leavesP2 - causing the movement of air bubble in the capillary tube P3- the factor that affect on transpiration.

The transpiration is the loss of water vapour from the leaves causing themovement of air bubble in the capillary tube that affected by the temperature.

1(h)Score Explanation

3 Able to predict correctly and explain the prediction based on the following item:

P1 - the distance of air bubble.P2 - the transpiration rateP3 - higher temperature and higher light intensity.

The distance of the air bubble is further/more than 9 cm because the transpiration

rate is higher due to a higher temperature and higher light intensity.

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Question 2:

An experiment is carried out by a group of student to study the effect of differentconcentrations of salt solution on the volume of urine produced.

Three boys with same body weight and age are selected. They were not allowed to drink anywater or taken any food in two hours before experiment and they were asked to empty their bladder before starting the experiment.

The students were given three different types of solution to drink as shown in Table 1.1

Student Type of solutionA 300 ml mineral water B 300 ml of 5 % sodium chloride solution.C 300 ml of 10% sodium chloride solution.

Table 1.1

Urine samples of each student were taken after an hour is shown in Table 1.2

Student A B C

Volume of urineproduced/ml

Table 1.2

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(a) Record the volume of urine produced by each student in Table 12.[3 marks]

(b) (i) Based on Table 1.3 state two observations on the volume of urine produced.

1. ..

2. ..

[3 marks](ii) State the inference which corresponds to the observations in 1 (a)(i)

1. ..

2. ..

[3 marks](c) Complete the Table 1.3 base on the experiment that was carried out.

Variables


Responding variable

Controlled variable

Table 1.3

Method to handle the variable

[3 marks]

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[3 marks]

(e) (i) Base on the Table 1.3, construct the table and record the results of this experimentwhich includes the following aspects:

Concentration of sodium chloride solution. Volume of urine collected Water reabsorbed in kidney.

[Water reabsorbed in the kidney = volume of solution intake - volume of urine collected]

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[3 marks](ii) On the graph paper provided, draw the graph of water reabsorbed by kidneys against

the concentration of sodium chloride solution.[3 marks]

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(iii) State the relationship between water reabsorbed by kidneys and the concentration of sodium chloride solution based on the graph in 1(e)(ii). Explain your answer.

[3 marks]

(f) Based on this experiment, give operation definition of osmoregulation.

[3 marks](g) In another experiment, student A was asked to drink 300 ml of water and sit in the air

condition room for an hour. Predict the volume of urine he will produced. Explain your prediction.

[3 marks]

(h) The following list is part of the apparatus and material used in this experiment.

Stopwatch, Sodium chloride solution, Beaker, measuring cylinder ,Mineral water, Urine

Complete Table 1.6 by matching each variable with the apparatus and material used in thisexperiment.

Variable Apparatus Material

Manipulated

Responding

Controlled

Table 1.4[3 marks]

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Marking scheme1 (a)

Score ExplanationAble to record three reading with unit correctly.

3 0 % sodium chloride - 200 ml.2.5% sodium chloride - 160 ml.5.0 % sodium chloride - 100 ml.

1(b) (i)

Score Explanation

Able to state two correct observations based on following criteria.

3 1. The volume of urine collection for student who drank mineral water is 200ml.

2. The volume of urine collection for student who drank 2.5 % sodium chloridesolution is 160 ml.

3. The volume of urine collection for student who drank 200ml of 5.0 % sodiumchloride solution is less than the urine produces by student who drank 200ml of mineral wall

1(b) (ii)Score Explanation

3 Able to state two reasonable inferences for the observation.1. The higher of urine produce because less amount of water was reabsorbed

into the blood caused by the hypotonic solution.2. The less of urine produce because more water was reabsorbed into the

blood caused by the hypertonic solution that the student drank.3. Most amount of water reabsorb into the blood caused by the hypertonic

solution, the volume of urine is less than the hypotonic solution1(c)

Score ExplanationAble to state the variable and the method to handle variable correctly (√) for

3 each variable and method

Variable Method to handleManipulated VariableConcentration of sodium Used different concentration of sodiumchloride chloride.

Responding Variable Measured and record the volume of urineVolume of urine produce using measuring cylinder

Controlled variableEach of the student drink 300 ml of

Volume of solution drink by solutionstudent

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1(d)Score

3

1(e)(i)Score

3


ExplanationAble to state the hypothesis correctly based on the following criteria:P1 (manipulated) - State the concentration of sodium chloride.

P2 (responding) - State the volume of urine collection/ volume of water reabsorb.R - State the relationship between P1 and P2.

The higher the concentration of sodium chloride, the volume of urine produce islower/ more water is reabsorb by kidney

ExplanationAble to construct a table and record the result of the experiment which thefollowing criteria:

Table with correct titles and unit. Transfer all data correctly calculate all the value of water absorbed by kidney

Volume of

Concentrateof sodiumchloride

(%)

0 %2.5 %5.0 %

sampledrinkingwater (cm3)

300300300

The volume of Water reabsorb by

urine after kidney

drinking test(cm3)

water (cm3)200 100160 140100 200

1(e)(ii)

Score Explanation

3 Able to draw the graph for relationship between the concentration of sodiumchloride and the volume of water reabsorb

P1 - Correct axis with suitable scaleP2 - Correct transfer of dataP3 - Smooth curve (√)

1(e)(iii)Score Explanation

Able to explain the relationship between the concentration of sodium chloride 3solution and the water reabsorbed based on the following criteria:

P1 : the higher the concentration, the higher water reabsorb by kidneyP2: osmotic pressure of blood increaseP3: more water needed to low/dilute the blood// less water secreted

Sample answer:



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The higher the concentration of sodium chloride solution, more water reabsorbed by the kidney. The osmotic pressure/ blood concentration ishigher/increase, more water is needed to dilute the blood.

1(f)Score Explanation

3 Able to state the definition of osmoregulation operationally, based on thefollowing criteria.

P1 - amount of water absorbP2 - volume of urine producedP3 - affected by concentration of drinking solution

Osmoregulation is the regulation of volume of water reabsorb that showed byvolume of urine output/ secreted affected by concentration of salt solution.

1 (g)

Score Explanation3 Able to predict and explain based on the criteria:

P1: prediction of volume ( more than 200 ml)P2: less reabsorbed by the bodyP3: cool temperature, less sweat produce, less water is needed by the body

Sample answer:

The volume produced is 230 ml (any value more than 200 ml), in cool condition

less sweat produced by the body, less water needed by the body/ osmoticpressure of the blood is not high, less water reabsorbed and more urineproduced.

1(h)

Score ExplanationAnswer;

Variable Apparatus MaterialManipulated Measuring cylinder Sodium chloride solution

Measuring cylinder Urine

Responding

Controlling

Beaker UrineStopwatch UrineMeasuring cylinder Mineral water

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Question 3.

Xylem vessel is adapted to transport the water from soil to the leaves. Xylem vessel is a longcontinues tube with lignified wall. Water from the root is pushed by root pressure into the

xylem vessel.An experiment is carried out by a group of student to study the effect of root pressure on thewater transport in the plant.Two healthy potted balsam plants are used.The shoot is cut off, leaving 5 cm of main stem above the soil. Rubber tubing is fit to the cutend and a glass tube is inserted to it. The apparatus is clamped to a retort stand as shown in

The other plant is prepared as above but all the roots are removed.2 ml of coloured water is added to the capillary tube and the initial level of water is marked.

Capillary tube

Ruler

Retort

stand

Pot

Diagram 1.1

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After 2 days, the final level of water column in capillary tube is observed as shown in Diagram1.2

Stem with

roots

Initial level: Final level:

……… cm ……… cm

Stem withoutroots

Initial level:

……… cm

Diagram 1.2

Final level:

……… cm

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(a) Record the initial and final volume of water column in capillary tubes Diagram 1.2.[3 marks]

(b) (i) State two observations based on the experiment.

1. ..

2. ..

[3 marks](ii) State the inference which corresponds to the observations in 1 (a)(i)

1. ..

2. ..

[3 marks](c) Complete the Table 1.1 base on the experiment that was carried out.

Variables Method to handle the variable


Responding variable

Controlled variable

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[3 marks]TABLE 1.1


[3 marks]

(e) (i) Base on the Table 1.1, construct the table and record the results of this experimentwhich includes the following aspects:

Condition of the stem (With root. Without root)

Initial height of water

Final height of water Increment in height

[3 marks]

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(ii) On the graph paper provided, draw a bar chart to show the increment of water andstem condition.

[3 marks]

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(iii) State the relationship between stem condition and increment of water in capillary tube.Explain your answer.

[3 marks]

(f) Based on this experiment, define operationally root pressure.

[3 marks]

(g) In another experiment, the same type of plant with more roots is used. Predict theincrement of water. Explain your prediction..

[3 marks]

(h) List all apparatus and materials used in this experiment in Table 1.2

Apparatus Material

TABLE 1.2

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Question 3(a)

Score ExplanationAble to record 4 readings of height of water correctly.

3 Stem Initial Finalwith roots 3 9Without roots 3 3.5

(b) (i)Score Explanation

Able to state two correct observations

3 Sample answer:1. The stem with roots has 9 cm of final height of water in capillary tube2. The stem without roots has 3.5 cm of final height of water in capillary tube

3. The stem with roots has higher final height of water in capillary tube compareto the stem without roots

(b) (ii)Score Explanation

3 Able to state two reasonable inferences for the observation.

Sample answer:1. Roots able to absorb more water and push the water into the stem (xylem)2. No roots, less water absorb by the stem, and less water enter the stem3. Stem with roots has more water absorbed into it, compare to without it.

(c) (i)Score Explanation

Able to state all the variables and the method to handle variable correctly(√) for each variable and method

Variable Method to handle3 Manipulated Variable The experiment is carry out with stem with

Present of root roots and stem without roots

Responding Variable Measure and record the height o water The height of water column in column by using the ruler.capillary tubeControlled variable Both observations are done after 2 days.Time

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1(d)Score Explanation

3 Able to state the hypothesis correctly based on the following criteria:P1 - stem with roots.P2 - height of water column in capillary tube

R - State the relationship between P1 and P2.

The stem with root has the higher height of water column in capillary tube compare tostem without roots.

1(e)(i)Score Explanation

Able to construct a table and record the result of the experiment which thefollowing criteria:

3 Table with correct titles and unit. Transfer all data correctly Calculate the increment of water

Condition of the Initial height of Final height of Increment in heightstem water (cm) water(cm) (cm)

With roots 3 9 6Without roots 3 3.5 0.5

1(e)(ii)Score Explanation

Able to draw a bar chart based on:3 Axis (A) - both axis are labelled an uniform scales, independent

variable on horizontal axis. (√)Point (P) - All points are correctly transfer (√)Shape(S) - two bar separated (√).

1(e)(iii)Score Explanation

Able to answer with the following aspects:3

the relationship between present of roots and increment of water

reason 1 - water is absorbed by roots reason 2 - water is push into the stem by root pressure

sample answer:

Stem with roots has higher increment of water, water is absorbed by roots from thesoil and the water is push into the stem by root pressure.

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1(f)Score Explanation

3 Able to state the definition of root pressure operationally, based on the followingcriteria.

P1 - water increase in the capillary/stemP2 - cause by water pressure into the stemP3 - from the roots of the plant

The root pressure is the increment height of water column in the capillary tubecaused by pressure of the water from the roots of the plant.

1(g)Score Explanation

3 Able to predict correctly and explain the prediction based on the following item:

P1 - the increment of height is more than 6 cmP2 - more water absorbed by the rootP3 - more pressure to push the water into the stem of the plant.

The increment of water column height is 7 cm/ more than 6. When the stem hasmore roots, more water is absorbed into the stem, more pressure to push the water up the capillary tube. .

1(h)

Score Explanation

3

Apparatus Material

Capillary tube StemRetort stand Water Ruler Pot and soil

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Designing experiment

1. In human body, homeostasis is the maintenance process of internal environment. When achange occurs in the body, such as drinking a lot of water, the homeostasis mechanismwill regulate the changes back to normal condition.

Based on the above information, design an experiment to investigate the effect of volume of water drink to the urine production. You can use the common chemicals and scientificapparatus that can be found in the laboratory. Your report should include:

Problem statement

Variables

Hypothesis

Apparatus and materials

Procedures

How data is communicated

[17 marks]Answer:

Problem statement

What is the effect of drinking of different amount of water to the volume of

urine produce?

[3marks]

Variables

Manipulate: volume of waterResponding: volume of urineFixed: time/ gender/age/sex

[3 marks]

Hypothesis :

The more amount water is drunk; the more volume of urine produced.

[3 marks]

Apparatus and materials

Students, plain water, urine, measuring cylinder, paper cups. [3 marks]

Procedures

1. Select 12 male students at same body size and age, and divide them into

4

groups that is A,B,C and D. [K2, K1]

2. The students have to empty their bladder before experiment. [K5]

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3. Group A students are given 100 ml of plain water to drink

[K1,K4]

Group B students are given 400 ml of plain water to drink

Group C students are given 600 ml of plain water to drink

Group D students are given 1000 ml of plain water to drink

4. After 30 minutes, collect the urine they produced and measure the volume

of

the urine. [K1, K 3]

5. After 45 minutes, collect the urine again and measure. Total the amount of

urine

produced by each student. [K1.K3]

6. Record all readings in the table. [K1]

[All 5 K = 3 marks

3-4K = 2 marks

2K= 1 marks

1K= 0 marks]

How data is communicated

Group Volume of Volume of urine Averagewater taken produced/ml volume of

/ml 1 2 3 urine /ml

A 100

B 400

C 600

D 1000

[2 marks]



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2. Transpiration is a process where a plant loses water by evaporation throughthe leaves. There are many factors affecting the rate of water lost from theplant. Air movement is one of the factors that affect the rate of transpiration.Based on the above statement, plan an experiment to investigate the effects of air movement on the loss of water in a named plant.

The planning of your experiment must include the following aspects:

Problem statement

Hypothesis

Variables

List of apparatus and materials

Experimental procedure or method

Presentation of data

Answer:

Problem statement

What is the effect of air movement on the rate of transpiration? (3m)

Hypothesis

The higher the speed of air movement, the higher the rate of transpiration. (3m)

VariablesManipulated : Speed of the wind or air movement

Responding : Rate of transpiration / The time taken for air bubble to move ina distance from X to Y.

Fixed : Room temperature / light intensity / humidity / type of plant

[3m] List of apparatus and materials

Leafy shoot of hibiscus plant, simple hotometer, knife, 250 ml beaker,retort stand, stopwatch, ruler, basin, tissue paper, Vaseline and fan.

[3m] Experimental procedure or method

1. Cut a freshly cut leafy shoot of a hibiscus plant in a basin of water. K12. Place a simple potometer inside the basin of water. K13. Fit the shoot into the rubber tube of the potometer tightly and hold the shootand

the potometer upright using a retort stand. K54. Dry the leaves and the stem of the shoot with a piece of cloth.

5. Apply Vaseline to all the connections to prevent any leakage. K5

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5. Allow an air bubble to enter the capillary tube of potometer and trapped it. K16. Mark the initial position of air bubble as X. Mark another point, Y, whichdistance

of 5 cm from X.K17. Place the potometer at 1 m away from the fan. Switch on the fan at a low speed. K1

8. Record the time taken for the air bubble to move from X to Y in the table. K39. Remove the air bubble from the capillary tube and repeat the experiment toobtain

another reading. K510. Repeat step 4 to 9 by switching on the fan at the medium speed for set Q andthe

high speed for set R. K411. All experiment is done in the same room that have same light intensity andsame

temperature. K212. Record all the readings obtained from the experiment in a table and calculatethe

rate of transpiration. K1

All 5K = 3m

Presentation of data

Set The speed of fan

Time taken for the air bubble Rate of to move from X to Y /s transpiration1 2 Average /cm s-1

P Low

Q Medium

R High

[2m]



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Answer Set 3

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