Ang Simula Ng Lahat OMG!!!!

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CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Social Networkingisone ofthe most popularleisuresinthe world

ofcyberspace. Its main purpose istoconnect people, to meetnewfriends

andfindoldones. A socialnetworkcomposesofuser profile, friendslist,

photos videosharing, chatroom andgames. Mostof the socialnetwork

sitesofferedonly 1 or 2 of these features, butonly Facebookhasallof

these. According to the biography film (The Social Network) 2010,

Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg and Eduardo Saverin

primarily for the Harvard University students. It was expanded to

differentcollegesandisnowopentoanyone whoisatleast 13 yearsold

andabove.

Facebook has approximately 500 millionusersworldwide and is

stillgrowing. Itissaidthathalfofthis populationdoesnotfailtologon

everysingle daywhichindicatesahightendencyofaddiction. Addiction

is defined as the state of being enslaved to a habit or practice or to

something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming. A recent

studymade bythe Oxygen Mediaand Lightspeed Researchrevealedthat

one-third of women in the age of 18 to 36 check Facebook in the

morning, evenbefore theybrushtheirteeth.


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Around 21 percentof the 1,065 surveyed for thisstudyadmitted

that theywoke up in the middle of the night tocheck Facebook. More

than 100 millionusersaccess Facebookthroughtheircellphones. These

users are twice more active as comparedwith those whouse personal

computers for the same. If the time spent on Facebook by the entire

worldistakenintoconsideration, itwouldbe 6 billion minutesaday.

Addiction has a great effect on the users life. It could lead into

different problemsin manyaspectsoftheirlife. Itcouldaffecttheirtime

management, theiracademic performance, socialrelationshipsand much

more. Usersalsotendtobe more active sociallyin Facebookthaninreal

life. Theypreferinstant messagingthanface toface conversation.

Moreover, inourareawhere internetcaf is vey muchaccessible

andoftenoffers low rate, manystudentscan easilyaccess internet. In

factnumerouscollege studentsare believedtobe spending more time in

Facebook thananyotheractivities. However, allof these are just mere

speculations. After the peak of its emergence and wide popularity in

Cotabato City, there hasbeennowrittenreportorstudyaboutthe level

of students self-control and addiction in using Facebook. Hence this

studywasundertaken.


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Conceptualand Theoretical Framework

Independent variable Dependent variable

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram sharingthe relationship between

Independent variable to Dependent variable

Facebook Addiction (DV) of the respondents depends upon their

levelofthe Self-Control (IV). Ifthe Self-Controllevelishighthe tendency

of Facebook Addictionislowbutifthe Self-Controlslowthere isahigh

tendencyofFacebook.

Self - Control Facebook Addiction


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Statementofthe Problem

This study aimed to determine the relationship between Self-

control and Facebook Addiction among College students enrolled in

differentacademicinstitutionin Cotabato City.

Itfurthersoughttoanswerthe following questions:

1.Whatisthe profile ofthe respondents?2.Whatisthe levelofrespondentsself-control?3.Whatisthe levelofrespondentsFacebook Addiction?4. Isthere asignificantrelationship betweenrespondentslevelof

self-controlandtheirlevelofFacebook Addiction?

Scope and Delimitationofthe Study

Thisstudywasdelimitedtothe College studentswhowere officially

enrolled in the academicyear 2011 at the institutionsof Cotabato City

whowere using Facebook. The scope ofthe study includedthe different

features that contributed to the addiction of Facebook like social

networking, gaming and chatting. This study also involved the

componentsindetermining Self-Control.


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Significance ofthe Study

Thisstudywill promote awarenesstothe teachersandinstitution

aboutthe growing problem ofFacebook Addiction. Levelofawarenesswill

aid the administration in dealing with students who acquired the

problem. Studentswillbenefitsince itwillhelp them recognize the level

of their Facebook Addiction andhow it is related to their Self-Control.

The information providedinthe studywillassistthem inthe prevention

offurthercompulsionandwrongusage ofSocial Networking. Thisstudy

is also beneficial to the parents since it will be easier for them to

understand the behavior of their children and be conscious of the

negative effectsof Facebook Addiction. Finallythisstudyisimportantto

the researcherswho are Psychology students, it is crucial for them to

knowthe behavioraffecting Facebook Addictionbecause itwillbe useful

andcanbe utilizedintheirfuture practice.


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DefinitionofTerms

Facebook. A social networking site where users an create and

customize theirown profile with photos, videos, and informationabout

themselves. Friends can browse the profiles of other friends andwrite

message ontheirwall.

Addiction. The state of being enslaved to habit or practice or to

somethingthatis psychologicallyand physicallyhabit-forming.

Self-Control. The ability to control ones emotion, behavior and

desires in order to obtain some reward later and is the capacity of

efficient managementofthe future.

Facebook Addiction Scale. Aninstrumentusedto measure the levelof

Facebook Addictionofacollege student.

Self-Control Scale. An instrumentused to measure the levelof Self-

Controlofacollege student.


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CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Thischapter presentsthe reviewofrelated literature andstudies

about Self-Controland Facebook Addictionamongcollege students.

Facebook has become an indispensable way to find old friends,

schedule events, play games and even send virtual gifts. But ifyoure

doing more living online than off, it might be time to reassess. Many

students are now seeing Facebook more as an addiction than a

networkingtool, and psychologistsare startingtoagree.

There were manyresearcherswhohadalreadyconductedresearch

related to this study. One of them is Lipara (2009), accordingly about

350 million people are suffering from Facebook Addiction. One of the

visible symptoms of an addicted user is losing sleep. It becomes a

compulsionandspent the entire night loggedon to the site causing to

become tired the nextday, neglect the jobandotherappointments. An

average person only spend an hour each site. Elizabeth Cohen (2009)

suggestedfive symptomsofFacebook Addiction. Firstislosingsleep over

Facebook, second isspending more thanone houron the site, third is

becoming obsessed with past relationships, ignoring work in favor of


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Facebook and feeling a lot of anxiety about going one day without

checkingthe site.

As stated by Paula Pile (2010) a marriage and family therapist,

problemsarise whenusers ignore familyandworkobligationsbecause

theyfindthe Facebookworlda more enjoyable place tospendtime than

the real world especially as people neglect their relationships,

responsibilities and health. Even though social networking is not a

physicaladdictionlike drugsoralcohol, itisstillan emotionaladdiction

andcanbe justbe harmful.

While manypeople mayfeeltraumatizedwhenseparatedfrom the

use oftheirfavorite social mediachannels, social mediaaddictionis just

one more example of poor Self-Control ina litanyofothers thatdonot

meet the criteria for addiction. A leading PsychoAnalyst at the William

AlansonWhite Institution, Todd Essig, Ph.D., statesthatthe inclusionof

social media addiction in official diagnoses opens the door to the

sanctioning of other behaviors such as shopping, overeating, obtaining

too manytattoos, hoardingtrashand more. These behaviorsare actually

manifestationsoftrue psychological problems, suchsbipolardisorderor

chronicdepression.

ItwasaffirmedbyDr. Michael Fenichel (2011)a psychologistwho

has publishedanumberofonline articlesaboutwhathe calls Facebook

Addiction Disorder (FAD) says its difficult to see just how culturally


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ingrained Facebookhasbecome because everyone isdoing itorat least

appearstobe. Facebookisagrowingglobal phenomenonanditseemeda

petri dish for social psychologist to examine the affect it and other

communicationtechnologiesare havingonhuman motivation, attention

andsocialinteraction.

Furthermore Fenichel (2011) indicates that the dynamics of

Facebook presenta particularlyripe environmenttofosteraddiction. The

constant temptation of applications, games, positive reinforcement and

voyeurism of Facebook lures some to a pointwhere they lose impulse

control and have trouble breaking away from the constant stream of

activation/reinforcement. Facebook has the best possible recipe for

significantbehavioraladdiction, as it fillsa large andnormal partofso

many lives. Facebook Addiction Disorderhave yet tobe included in the

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, (DSM) but

psychologist have long been studying the impact of social media and

othercommunicationtechnologies.


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Facebook Addiction Among College Students

Facebooksupports 882 collegestoday;there are about 2000 inthe

United Statesifyoucountcommunitycolleges. Theirgoalistosupport

allofthese overtime. The penetrationrate isstaggering, about 85% of

studentsinsupportedcollegeshave a profile up on Facebook. Thats

3.85 million members. Itissaidthat 60% logindaily. About 85% login

atleastonce aweekand 93% loginatleastonce a month (Schulz,

2004).More than 150 million people inthe U.S. are currentlymembers

ofFacebook, withthe majorityofthose underthe age of25.

Andwiththose usersspendingabout 7 hoursa monthonthe site, itis

the numberone socialsite...butforsome, it's more than justan

occasional visit.

Shock (2005) explainedthatastudyusedasurveyto examine the

use of Facebookamong 183 college studentsand itconfirmed that the

use of this social networking site acted as an extension instead of

replacementofface toface interaction. Neverthelesssome usersreliedon

Facebookasthe mostimportantform ofsocialinteraction. Butwhatwas

more interestingwere the results on how these college students used

Facebook. Mostofall, the resultsthat 40% reportedhavingnofriendson

Facebook that theyhave never met in person and those who didhave


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friendson Facebookwhom theyneverhad metreportedanaverage of7.2

such friends. The studentsused the site onaverage 1.2 times perday,

spending on average 31.5 minutes each time theyuse it. Rob Bedi, a

registered psychologist and assistant professor at the University of

Victoria, said that Internet addictions are common on university

campuses, oftenhelpedby free Internetaccess, web-basedassignments

andunstructuredblocksoftime.

Facebookhasalsoledtochange in prioritiesas people spend more

time onthe site thanonstudyingorworkingdue toso muchaddiction. A

North Florida motherhas pleaded guilty to shakingher baby todeath

after the boys crying interruptedher game on Facebook. She told the

investigatorsthatshe wasangeredbecause the boywascryingwhile she

was playing Farmville. (Martinez, 2010)

Finally, Facebook is a useful tool for connecting with friends,

family, networking, advertisingbutitcanalsobe addictive andcancause

alotofproblems.


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Self-Control

Gillman (2006) defined Self-Control as the ability to motivate

oneselftodothe thingstheyneedtodo. Anditalso meansthatstopping

from doingthingsbad.

Self-controlisthe abilitytocontrolimpulsesandreactions, andis

another name for self-discipline. It is not some kind of negative and

limitingbehavior, assome people mightthink. Whenself-controlisused

wisely andwith common sense, itbecomes one of the most important

toolsorselfimprovementandforachievingsuccess. Self-Controlis vital

for controlling and overcoming obsessions, fears, addictions and any

kind of unsuitable behavior. It puts you in control of your life, your

behavior and your reactions. It improves your relationships, develops

patience andtolerance andisanimportanttoolforattainingsuccessand

happiness. Itisalsosaidthatthe possible areaslackingself-controlare

eating, shopping, drinking, work, gambling, smoking, and obsessive

behavior (Sasson, 2009).

Moreover Self-Control is also defined as impulse control or elf

regulation. Some psychologists prefer the term impulse controlbecause

it maybe more precise. The term selfregulation isused to refer to the

manyprocessindividualsuse to manage drivesand emotions. Therefore,

selfregulationalso embodiesthe conceptofwillpower. Selfregulation is

an extremely important executive function of the brain. Deficits in self


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control/regulationare foundinalarge numberofpsychologicaldisorders

including ADHD, Antisocial Personality Disorder, addiction, eating

disordersandimpulse controldisorders (Vohs etal., 2008).

The present study seeks to examine how trait self-control is

revealed on social networking sites'specifically, Facebook. Participants

were undergraduates at Bates College who first filled out self-report

measuresofself-control, narcissism (asacontrol variable)and Facebook

use. Their Facebook profiles were then saved by the experimenter. A

contentanalysisofthe profileswasconductedcodingforsevenindicesof

self-control. Ihypothesizedthatbasedonthe contentanalysisofprofiles,

Facebookuserslowerinself-controlwouldtendtobe ratedasdisplaying

a.) more problematic content (i.e., substance abuse, sexual disclosure,

and antisocial behavior), b.) more general impulsivity or

nondeliberateness, c.) more egotisticalorself-promotingcontent, d.)less

contentsuggestingastrongwork ethic, andd.) lesscontentsuggesting

interpersonalsuccess. Ialso predicted thatbasedon the Facebookuse

questionnaire, userslowerinself-controlwouldreportedlyfilteroutless

problematiccontentanduse Facebook's privacysettingsless. The results

onlyfoundsignificant evidence forinterpersonalsuccessas evidence for

self-control on Facebook profiles. Study limitations as well as the

implications relating to the accuracy of perceiving personality

characteristicsthroughonline socialnetworking profilesare discussed.


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Any behavior that causes people to consistently miss out on

interactionwithothersor leadsto poor performance inkeyareasof life

mustbe addressed. A healthy lifestyle involves findingand maintaining

balance in all activities. Self-Control may also influence social

networking addiction such as gaming and Facebook, Ng andWiemer-

Hastings (2005)statedthatsince socialnetworkingusersbecome easily

absorbedin playing, theirbehavior mayleadtolossoftime control. The

keytocontrollingonesaddictionis moderation.

Manypsychological problemsare characterizedbyalossofcontrol

oralackofcontrolinspecificsituations. Usually, thislackofcontrolis

part of a pattern of behavior that also involves other maladaptive

thoughts and actions, such as substance abuse problems or sexual

disorders (Franklin, 2010).

People withthese disorders mayor maynot planthe acts, butthe

acts generally fulfill their immediate, conscious wishes. Most people,

however, findtheirdisordershighlydistressingandfeelalossofcontrol

overtheirlives (Ploskin, 2007).


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CHAPTER 3

Research Methodology

This chapter presents the brief description of the research

methodology. It includes the research design, locale of the study,

populationandsamplingdesign, researchinstrument, administrationof

instrument, validity of the instruments and the statistical tools for

analysis.

Research Design

This study utilized the descriptive method using Correlational

Analysis. It involved collection of data in order to answer questions

concerning the level of Facebook Addiction and Self-Control of the

respondent. Itisa methodthatdeterminedthe relationship betweentwo

variables.

Locale ofthe Study

The studywas conducted in the internet cafs near the colleges

and universities of Cotabato City and Free Wi-Fi access areas where

presence ofCollege studentswere visible.


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Populationand Sampling Design

The respondents of this research were the college students of

Cotabato City. Purposive Samplingtechnique wasusedinthe study.

Minimum of 150 respondentswasused inthe surveyto establish

the validityofthe collecteddata.

Instrumentation

The study used a Standardized Self-Control Scale by John C.

McMullen from his dissertation A Test of Self-control Theory Using

General PatternsofDeviance and Standardized Facebook Addiction Scale

from Psychcentral.com. The instrumentwascomposedof 2 parts. Part 1

includes the profile of the respondents and Part 2 contains questions

regarding the level of Self-Control and Facebook Addiction of the

respondents.

Validityofthe Instruments

Before the instruments were administered, it passed through a

series of review from psychology teachers and panelist. The questions

were analyzed and the sources of the instruments were verified to

determine the validityofthe instruments.


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Administrationofthe Instruments

The study was conducted through survey. It was done in the

internet cafes nearest to the school. In 5NU Internet Caf, Hyperlink

Internet Caf, and Cyberclub Internet Caf located in front of the

Cotabato City State Polytechnic College, Gamers.Net Internet Caf and

Cyberian Internet Caf locatednear Coland System Technology, 8 Volts

Internet Caf near Notre Dame Hospital School of Midwifery, 5NU

Internet Caf Branch-2 and 5JsInternet Cafsituatednear Notre Dame

University. Surveywasalso made in McDonalds, Bos Coffee, and Datu

Brew Coffee Shop where there isa free Wi-Fiaccess provided for their

customers.

The questionnaireswere distributed among college studentswho

accessedtheir Facebookaccountuponthe time ofthe survey. These were

retrievedaftertheyfilled-outthe answersandnecessaryinformation.

Statistical TreatmentofData

The followingstatisticaltoolsusedwere Standard Deviation, Mean

and PearsonrCorrelation.


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CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Thissectionofthe research paperincludesthe presentationofthe

results of the analysis of the data and their interpretations. The

descriptive andcorrelation presentationofthe results isbased from the

specific research inquiries stated in the introductory chapter of this

paper.

Profile ofRespondents

The profile ofrespondents presented in thisstudy include:age of

respondents, gender, placesofaccessing Facebookaccount, devicesused

in accessing Facebook, number of Facebook accounts, frequency of

checking Facebook account, and number of hours consumed using

Facebook.

Itcanbe gleanedin Table 1 the agesofthe respondents. The data

on age showed that 31 or 20.67% were 17 years old, 22% or 33

respondentswere 18 yearsold, 27 or 18% were 19 yearsold, 16.67% or

25 respondentswere 20 yearsold, 13 or 8.67 percentofthe respondents

were 21 years old and 14% or 21 respondents were ages other than

mentioned above. These are the typical ages considering that the

respondentswere College students.


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Table 1

Age andgenderofrespondents

N=150

Profile Frequency Percent(%)

A. Age1718192021

Others

B. GenderMale

Female

3133272513

21

39111

20.6722.0018.0016.678.67

14.00

26.0074.00

Ongender, it isshown in Table 1 that more thanone halfofthe

respondents (74%)or 111 were female and 26 percentor 39 respondents

were male.

Respondentsprofile onthe use ofFacebook

Table 2 shows the respondents profile on the use of Facebook. It

shows that on the devices used by the respondents in accessing

Facebook, 24 or 16% use cellphones, 41 or 27.33% uses Laptop

computers, 71 or 47.33% uses Desktop computers and 9.33% or 14

respondents uses both laptop and desktop computers to access their

Facebookaccount.


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Table 2

Respondents profile onthe use ofFacebook

N=150

Profile Frequency Percentage(%)

A. On Devices used in accessingFacebook

CellphoneLaptop

DesktopBoth Laptop and Desktop

B. On Places/venue of accessingFacebookaccount

HomeInternet Caf

School

C. On the number of FacebookAccounts

6 accountsandabove3 to 5 accounts

2 accountsandbelow

D. On the frequency of checkingFacebookaccountinaday

6 timesandabove4 to 5 times

3 timesandbelow

E. On the number of. hoursconsumedusing Facebook

6 hoursandabove3 to 5 hours

2 hoursandbelow

24417114

52917

615129

1717116

216564

16.0027.3347.339.33

34.6760.674.67

41086

11.3311.3377.33

1443.3342.67

Moreover, onthe venue or placesofaccessing Facebookaccount, 52

or 34.67% saidthattheyaccess Facebookintheirhomes, 91 or 60.67%

inInternet Cafsand 7 or 4.67% intheirrespective schools. Itcanalso


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be gleaned in Table 2 thaton the numberof Facebookaccountsof the

respondents, 6 or 4% have 6 accountsandabove, 15 or 10% have 3 to 5

accountsand 86% or 129 have 2 accountsandbelow.

Table 2 also reveals that 17 or 11.33% of the respondents check

their Facebookaccounts 6 timesor more inaday, likewise, 17 or 11.33%

check theiraccounts 4 to 5 timesadayand 77.33% or 116 said that

theychecktheir Facebookaccount 3 timesandbelow. Furthermore, on

the numberofhoursconsumedusing Facebook, there were 21 or 14% of

the respondentsrevealedthattheyspent 6 hoursor more, 65 or 43.33%

spent 3 to 5 hoursand 64 or 42.67 percentspent 2 hoursandbelow.

LevelofFacebook Addiction

In Facebook Addiction Scale, higherscores indicate high levelof

Facebook Addiction. Table 3 presents the scale of Facebook addiction

among the college students respondents. It can be gleaned that

respondents rated occasionally when asked how often they stayed

longeron Facebook than they intendedtobe (2.47)andhowoften they

neglecthousehold chores to spend more time on Facebook (2.07). The

respondentsrated frequentlyonhowoftentheypreferthe excitementof

the Facebooktoface-to-face friends (2.59)andhowoftentheyform new

relationshipswithfellow Facebookusers (2.51).


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Table 3

LevelofFacebookaddictionamong College studentsin Cotabato City

N=150

Item Mean Sd Interpretation

1.Howoftendoyou findthatyoustayon Facebook longer than youintended?

2.Howoftendoyouneglecthouseholdchores to spend more time onFacebook?

3.How often do you prefer theexcitementofthe Facebooktoface-to-face friends?

4.How often do you form newrelationships with fellow Facebookusers?

5. How often do others in your lifecomplaintoyouaboutthe amountoftime youspend Facebook?

6.How oftendoyour grades or schoolworksufferbecause ofthe amountoftime youspendon Facebook?

7.Howoftendoyoucheckyour e-mailbefore something else thatyou needtodo?

8. How often does your jobperformance or productivity sufferbecause ofFacebook?

2.47

2.07

2.59

2.51

2.09

1.97

2.21

2.11

1.408

1.157

1.307

1.299

1.198

1.105

1.160

1.148

Occasionally

Occasionally

Frequently

Frequently

Occasionally

Occasionally

Occasionally

Occasionally


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Table 3 continued


9. How often do you becomedefensive or secretive whenanyone asksyouwhatyoudoonFacebook?

10.How often do you block outdisturbing thoughts about yourlife with soothing thoughts ofFacebook?

11.How often do you find yourselfanticipating whenyou will go onFacebookagain?

12.How often do you fear that lifewithout Facebook would beboring, empty, and joyless?

13.How often do you snap, yell, oract annoyed if someone bothersyouwhile youare Facebook?

14.How oftendoyou lose sleep duetolate-nightlog-ins?

15.Howoftendoyoufeel preoccupiedwith the Facebook when off-line,or fantasize about being onFacebook?

16.How often do you find yourselfsaying just a few more minuteswhenon Facebook?

17.Howoftendoyoutrytocutdownthe amount of time you spendFacebookandfail?

2.30

2.33

2.24

2.34

2.05

2.18

2.20

2.55

2.31

1.219

1.234

1.191

1.247

1.206

1.361

1.111

1.349

1.198

Occasionally

Occasionally

Occasionally

Occasionally

Occasionally

Occasionally

Occasionally

Frequently

Occasionally


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Table 3 continued


18.Howoftendoyou try tohide howlong youve been on Facebook?

19.Howoftendoyouchoose tospendmore time Facebookovergoingoutwithothers?

20.Howoftendoyou feeldepressed,moody, or nervouswhenyou areoff-line, whichgoesawayonce youare backon Facebook?

2.30

2.11

2.22

1.157

1.213

1.274

Occasionally

Occasionally

Occasionally

OVERALL MEAN 2.26 .745 Occasionally

Legend:

4.50 5.00 Always

3.50 4.49 Often

2.50 3.49 Frequently

1.50 2.49 Occasionally

1.00 1.49 Rarely

Moreover, The table shows that respondents rated

occasionally on the following items: How often do others inyour life

complain toyouabout the amountof time youspend Facebook (2.09);

Howoftendoyourgradesorschoolworksufferbecause ofthe amountof

time youspendon Facebook (1.97); Howoftendoyoucheckyour e-mail


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before something else thatyouneedtodo (2.21); Howoftendoesyour job

performance or productivitysufferbecause of Facebook(2.11);howoften

doyoubecome defensive orsecretive whenanyone askswhatyoudoon

facebook (2.30);howoftendoyoublockoutdisturbing thoughtsabout

yourlife withsoothingthoughtsoffacebook (2.33);howoftendoyoufear

that life without facebookwould be boring, empty, and joyless (2.34);

howoftendoyousnap, yell, oractannoyedifsomeone bothersyouwhile

youare using facebook (2.05); howoftendoyou lose sleep due to late-

nightlog-ins (2.18);howoftendoyoufeel preoccupiedwiththe facebook

whenoff-line, orfantasize aboutbeingon Facebook (2.20).

On the other hand, respondents rated frequently on how they

oftenfindthemselvessaying justafew more minuteswhenonfacebook

(2.55). Furthermore, respondentsrated occasionallyonhowoftenthey

trytocutdownthe amountoftime theyspendfacebookandfail (2.31),

howoftentheytrytohide howlongtheyve beenonfacebook (2.30), how

often theychoose tospend more time on Facebookovergoingoutwith

others ((2.11) and how often they feel depressed, moody, or nervous

whentheyare offline, whichgoesawayonce theyare backon facebook

(2.22).

Generally, the extent of respondents addiction to Facebookwas

rated occasionallywithagrand meanof2.26.

Teens and the younger generation of adults, who have never

knownaworldwithout personalcomputersorthe Internet, viewanduse


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technology differently than their parents. They seek social interaction

and interpersonal connection through social media channels. These

people stillknowthe value of more traditional formsofcommunication.

Butthroughsocial media, theycancommunicate withremote people and

broadentheir viewofculture andthe humancondition. While some may

overuse the technologymissing classes or failing to turn in

assignmentsthis is a symptom of other issues, not an addiction.

Implementingaddictiontreatmentsforoveruse ofsocial medialeavesthe

underlying cause to fester and manifest in other, perhaps more

dangerousways. (PsychologyofSocial Media Addiction, October 2010)

LevelofSelf-control

In Self-Control Scale, higherscore indicateslow Self- Control.

There are twenty-fouritemsincludedinthisstudythat measuresthe

respondentslevelofself-control. The resultsofthe ratingsofthe

respondentsare presentedin Table 4.

Generally, allrespondentsratedthe itemsinself-control Agree

withagrand meanof2.83 asshownin Table 4. Thisimpliesthatthe

respondentswere cognizantoftheiractionsandbehavior.


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Table 4

LevelofSelf-Controlamong College studentsin Cotabato City

N=150


1.Ioftenactonspurof the momentwithout stopping to thinking.

2.Idevote muchthoughtand efforttopreparingforthe future.

3.I often do whatever brings mepleasure here andnow, evenatthecostofsome distantgoal.

4.I am more concerned with whathappens to me in the long runratherthanthe shortrun.

5. Ifrequentlytrytoseekout projectsthatIknowwillbe difficult.

6.When things get complicated, Itendto quitorwithdraw.

7.The things in life that is easiest todobring me the most pleasure.

8.Ilike reallyhardtasksthatstretchmyabilitiestothe limits.

9.Ifeellittle needtotest myself everynowandthenbydoingsomethingalittle risky.

10. SometimesIwilltake arisk justforthe funofit.

2.90

3.15

3.05

3.00

2.89

2.59

2.79

3.01

2.89

2.75

.801

.757

.763

.819

.804

.984

.892

.831

.876

.912

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree


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Table 4 continued


11. I find no excitement in doingthings for which I might get introuble.

12. Excitement and adventure aremore important to me thansecurity.

13. IfIhadachoice, Iwouldalmostalwaysratherdosomething mentalthansomething physical.

14. IalmostalwaysfeelbetterwithIam on the move than when I amsittingandthinking.

15. I like to read or contemplateideas more than I like to get outanddothing.

16. Iseem tohave more energyandgreaterneed foractivity than mostother people myage.

17. I try to look out others first,even if it means making thingsdifficultfor myself.

18. Im very sympathetic to otherpeople when they are havingproblems.

19. If things Idoupset people, itstheir problem not mine.

2.76

2.69

2.63

2.94

2.97

2.91

2.82

2.91

2.55

.902

.983

.886

.805

.794

.794

.820

.797

.894

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree


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Table 4 continued


20.Iwill try to get the things Iwanteven when I know its causingproblemsforother people.

21.Ilose mytemper veryeasily.22.Often, when Im angry at people I

feel more like hurting them thantalking to them about why I amangry.

23.WhenIm reallyangry, other peoplebetterstayawayfrom me.

24.When I have a seriousdisagreementwithsomeone, Icantusuallytalkcalmlyaboutitwithoutgettingupset.

2.53

2.81

2.58

2.78

2.95

.988

.888

.914

.896

.947

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

Agree

OVERALL MEAN 2.83 .382 Agree

Legend:

3.50 4.00 StronglyAgree

2.50 3.49 Agree

1.50 2.49 Disagree

1.00 1.49 StronglyDisagree

The following items were rated Agree as their means indicate:

often act on spur of the moment without stopping to thinking (2.90),


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devote muchthoughtand effortto preparingforthe future (3.15 ), often

dowhateverbringsthem pleasure here andnow, evenatthe costofsome

distantgoal (3.05 ), theyare more concernedwithwhathappenstothem

inthe longrunratherthanthe shortrun(3.00), frequentlytrytoseekout

projectsthattheyknowwillbe difficult (2.89 ).

Alsorated Agreeonitems:tendto quitorwithdrawwhenthings

getcomplicated ( 2.59), thingsinlife thatare easiesttodobring me the

most pleasure (2.79 ), like hard tasks thatstretchabilities to the limits

(3.01), feel little need to test everynowand thenbydoingsomethinga

little risky (2.89), Sometimes willtake arisk justforthe funofit (2.75),

findno excitement indoing things forwhich they might get in trouble

(2.76), excitement and adventure are more important than security

(2.69), Ifhad a choice, theywould almost always ratherdo something

mental than something physical (2.63), almostalways feelbetterwhen

theyare onthe move thanwhentheyare sittingandthinking (2.94),

Likewise respondentsrated Agreeon:like toreadorcontemplate

ideas more thanthey like togetoutanddothings (2.97), seem tohave

more energyandgreaterneedforactivitythan mostother people oftheir

age (2.91), try to look out others first, even if it means making things

difficult for themselves (2.82), very sympathetic to other people when

theyare having problems (2.91), Ifthingstheydoupset people, itstheir

problem (2.55), willtrytogetthe thingstheywant evenwhentheyknow


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itscausing problemsforother people (2.53), dontlose theirtemper very

easily (2.81), whentheyangryat people theyfeel more like hurtingthem

than talking to them aboutwhy they are angry (2.58), when they are

reallyangry, other people betterstayawayfrom them (2.78), Whenthey

have aseriousdisagreementwithsomeone, theycanusuallytalkcalmly

aboutitwithoutgettingupset (2.95).

Aforementioned figures explain that respondents have

unanimouslyagreedon particularsituationsofdeterminingself-control.

This means that they have moderate self-control and has very slight

differencesintheirresponsesonthe itemsunder Self-control.

These actionsofself-control involvesthe feelingofwhetherone is

generating one's own behavior -- whether it is self-determined -- or

whetherone'sactsare determinedbyoutside forces (e.g., one's parents,

orone'sgeneralsituation) (www.psych.rochester.edu/SDT). The factthat

personality is located amidst neighboring systems such as biology,

situations, andgroups, whichallinfluence it, meansthatthe individual's

mentalsystem must exertsufficientself-controltoremaincoherentand

whole (Freud).


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Relationship ofrespondentsSelf-controland Facebook Addiction

Correlation analysis was performed to find out the significant

relationshipsbetween the respondents levelof Self-Controland levelof

Facebookaddiction.

Table 5

Relationship ofrespondentsself-controland Facebookaddiction

N = 150

VariablesSelf-Control

Pearsonr

Sig Interpretation

Facebook Addiction -.279** .001 Significant

**. Correlationissignificantatthe 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Table 5 presents the correlation matrix of the results of the

analysis. Based from the results, the Facebookaddictionamongcollege

studentsand Self-controlshowshighsignificantcorrelations (Pearsonr =

-.279) at .01 level. This means that respondents self-control has a

significant relationship towards his/her being addicted or not to

Facebook. Self-controldefines individuals personality. Freud ( ) pointed


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outthat personality (i.e., the individualhumanbeing)isasystem wedged

betweensocialdemandsand personalneeds thatoftenare ofbiological

origin. This remains the consensual view today. Personality's location

indicatesthatthe system emergesfrom biology, isincludedingroupsof

people, and mustnavigate the socialsituation. Facebook is justone of

those technological applications that eventually became a global

phenomenon (Fenichel, 2011).It isone of the biggestand most popular

social networking sites, which has millions ofusers interconnected by

giving people the power to share and make the world more open and

connected, as stated in the mission statement of the company. The

socialnetworkingcraze, the urge ofgetting hookedandbe connected,

anda feelingofsatisfaction forbeing in reveals thatself-controlhas

takenits place todetermine severityof Facebookaddiction. A meansby

whichthe individual maintainshisorher psychologicalidentity, satisfies

personalneeds, andyet meetsthe expectationsofsociety.

Furthermore, thisimpliesthatthe higherself-controlanindividual

has, the more he orshe willbe aware ofhis/heractions. Theybecome

more conscious on the adverse effects and consequences of Facebook

addictionsuchas:whentheylose sleep, neglectwork, orneglectreal-life

responsibilities over Facebook; when they cannot see themselves

detaching from Facebookby leaving the site and erasing theiraccount;

andwhentheybecome obsessedwitholdlovesor people whotheydonot

knowinreallife.


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CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY OF MAJOR FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS OF

THE STUDY AND RECOMMENDATONS

This chapter presents the summary, conclusion and

recommendationsofthisstudy.

The general aim of this study is to determine the relationship

between Self-controland Facebookaddictionamong College students in

Cotabato City. Itfurtheraimstoanswerthe following questions:

1.Whatisthe profile ofthe respondents?2.Whatisthe levelofrespondentsself-control?3.Whatisthe levelofrespondentsFacebook Addiction?4. Isthere asignificantrelationship betweenrespondentslevel

ofself-controlandtheirlevelofFacebook Addiction?

SummaryofFindings

1. ProfileAge. There were 31 or 20.67% were 17 years old, 22% or 33

respondentswere 18 yearsold, 27 or 18% were 19 yearsold, 16.67% or

25 respondentswere 20 yearsold, 13 or 8.67 percentofthe respondents

were 21 years old and 14% or 21 respondents were ages other than

mentionedabove.


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Gender. There were 74% or 111 were female and 26 percentor 39

respondentswere male.

Onthe devicesusedtoaccess Facebook. There were 24 or 16% of

the respondentsusescellphones, 41 or 27.33% uses Laptop computers,

71 or 47.33% uses Desktop computers and 9.33% or 14 respondents

uses both laptop and desktop computers to access their Facebook

account.

On the venue or places of accessing Facebook account. 52 or

34.67% saidthattheyaccess Facebookintheirhomes, 91 or 60.67% in

Internet Cafsand 7 or 4.67% intheirrespective schools.

Onthe the numberofFacebookaccountsofthe respondents. Six or

4% ofthe respondentshave 6 accountsandabove, 15 or 10% have 3 to 5

accountsand 86% or 129 have 2 accountsandbelow.

Onthe numberoftimes/frequencyofchecking Facebookaccounts.

Seventeenor 11.33% ofthe respondentschecktheir Facebookaccounts

6 timesor more inaday, also 17 or 11.33% checktheiraccounts 4 to 5

times a day and 77.33% or 116 said that they check their Facebook

account 3 timesandbelow.

Onthe numberofhoursconsumedusing Facebook. There were 21

or 14% ofthe respondentsrevealedthattheyspent 6 hoursor more, 65


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or 43.33% spent 3 to 5 hoursand 64 or 42.67 percentspent 2 hoursand

below.

2. LevelofSelf-ControlOn the level of Self-control, the respondents unanimously

rated Agreewithanoverall meanof2.83

3. LevelofFacebook AddictionThe levelofFacebookaddictionwasrated Occasionallywitha

grand meanof2.26.

4. Relationship between respondents level of self-control and theirlevelofFacebook Addiction

Findings also reveals that there is a significant relationship

betweenthe levelofFacebook Addictionand Self-controlwith Pearson

r (-.279)at .01 levelofsignificance. Higherscoresin Self-Control Scale

effect lowerscores in Facebook Addiction Scale while lowerscores in

Facebook Addiction Scale results in higher scores in Self-Control

Scale.


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Conclusion

From the findings of the study, the following conclusions have

beendrawn:

1.The respondentshave occasionalor moderate Facebookaddiction.2. Respondentshave moderate tohighself-control.3.There is a significant relationship between self-control and

Facebookaddiction.

Recommendation

Basedonthe findingsofthe study, the followingare recommended:

1. Furtherstudy isneededtoreplicate the findingsofthe present

study. It is suggested that the respondents will be open not only to

College studentsbutalsototeensand employed professionals.

2. To further study the relationship between Facebook/Social

networking addiction aside from self-control. Personal traits such

sensation seeking, aggression, neuroticism, state anxiety and trait

anxietyare suggestedtoinclude asfactorsthat mayhave relationship to

socialnetworkingaddiction.

Itissuggestedthatcertain personalitytraitsaside from self-control

maybe important in the acquisition, development, and maintenance of


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socialnetworkingaddiction. Thisistofurtherinvestigate rolesof various

personalitytraitsandtheirassociationswithsocialnetworkingaddiction.

3. Parentalsupervisionandguidance counseling isrecommended

for those whowere found tohave acquiredsocialnetworkingaddiction

suchasthe case ofFacebook Addiction Disorder.


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References

Lipari, J. (2009). Are youa Facebook Addict? Retrieved November 15,

2010 from http://www.addiction-intervention.com/addiction/process-addictions/are-you-a-facebook-addict/.

Cohen, E. (2009).Five cluesthatyouare addictedto Facebook. RetrievedNovember 12, 2011 from

http://www.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/04/23/.facebook.addict/indx.html.

Pile, P. (2010).Facebook: Are you addictedyet? Retrieved January 10,

2011fromhttp://www.socialmediawatch.net/index.php/facebook/facebook-are-addicted-yet/.

Fenichel, M. (2011). Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) - A New

Challenge? Retrieved January12, 2011 fromhttp://www.fenichel.com/facebook/.

Shock, D. (2005). Facebook and MySpace use among college students.

Retrieved February3, 201 fromhttp://www.shockmd.com/2010/07/20facebook-and-myspace-use-among-college-students/.

Schulz, M. (2004). 85% of College students use Facebook. RetrievedJanuary 20, 2011 from http://www.techcrunch/2005/09/07/85-

college-students-use-facebook/.

Martinez, E. (2010). FarmVille Playing Mom Admits She Killed Infant

Who Interrupted Facebook Game

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Retrieved February 8, 2010 fromhttp://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_162-20021079-504083.html.

Sasson, R. (2009). How todevelop andstrengthen Self-control. Retrieve

February 24, 2011 from http://www.sucessconciousness.com/self-control.htm.


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Gillman, S.(2011). SelfControl. Retrieve September 27, 2011 fromhttp://www.dailynewarticles.com/article/316/5822/Self_Control.html.

Vohs KD, Baumeister RF, Schmeichel BJ, Twenge JM, Nelson NM, TiceDM (2008). "Making choices impairs subsequent self-control: a limited-resource accountofdecision making, f-regulation, andactive initiative"Retrieve August 12, 2010 from http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-Control.

Franklin, D. (2010). Impulse Control Disorders. Retrieve October 10,2011

from http://www.psychologyinfo.com/problems/impulse_control.html.

Ploskin, D. (2007). What are Impulse Control Disorders? Retrieve onSeptember 27, 2011 from http://psychcentral.com/lib/2007/what-are-impulse-control-disorders/.

The American Heritage Science Dictionary.

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McMullen, J.(1999). A Test of Self-Control Theory Using Patterns ofDeviance.Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia PolytechnicInstitute and State University.

The Muse (2010). Dealingwithyour Facebook Addiction.

RetrievedOctober05,2011.

http://www.facebook.com/topic.php?uid+82338367580&topic+17269

Myers, S (2010). Facebook Part 2. Retrieved October 05, 2011

http://www.connectamarillo.com/news/story.aspx?id=586865


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Republicofthe Philippines

Cotabato CityState Polytechnic College

Sinsuat Avenue, Cotabato City

Dear Respondent,

We, Fourth Year BS Psychology Students of Cotabato City State

Polytechnic College, are conducting a study of the use of Facebook

among College Students. We would like to ask your support to this

researchbybeingarespondenttothe questionnaire below. Restsassure

thatyouranswerwillbe strictlykeptconfidentialandusedonly forthe

study.

Thankyou verymuchforyoursupport.

Verytrulyyours,

Amirudin K.AbasSukarno K. Abdulrakman

Maria Lisa G.Bajado

Celfani Love C. Vergara


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