Afgo 2010 05 prsnttn fowkshp2avoidedaversionprotocol jayanderson
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A Proposed Avoided Conversion Protocol for the Alberta Offset System
INITIATED BY: Alberta Conserva:on Associa:on
Presented to: Forest Offsets Workshop #2
May 6, 2010
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Ini<a<ng group Alberta Conserva<on Associa<on – President & CEO: Todd Zimmerling MSc, PhD, P.Biol – e‐mail: todd.zimmerling@ab‐conservaDon.com
Formed in 1997, ACA is a not‐for‐profit, registered charity funded by Alberta’s hunters and anglers through license levies and by a growing number of corporate partners. It is governed by a mul<‐stakeholder Board of Directors made up of representa<ves from hun<ng, fishing, trapping and naturalist groups, government, First Na<ons, Public at Large, industry and academia.
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Background • Some of the ACA’s “Corporate Partners in Conserva<on” must comply with the Specified Gas EmiYers Regula<on
• These corporate partners have given their support to the development of an Alberta Avoided Conversion Protocol
• ACA engaged EarthEcon to be the lead protocol developer
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Lead protocol developer EarthEcon Inc. – Associate: Jay Anderson PhD, RPF – e‐mail: [email protected]
EarthEcon is an applied economics consultancy that provides analysis and advice regarding natural resources and the environment
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Context • Deforesta<on is the second largest source of global anthropogenic GHG emissions (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007)
• In 2007 the deforesta<on of 47,800 hectares in Canada emiYed 16 MtCO2e (Natural Resources Canada, 2009)
• Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development does not collect data on the conversion of forestland to agricultural land use
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AVOIDED CONVERSION PROTOCOLS IN OTHER STANDARDS
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Greenhouse Friendly • A voluntary carbon offset program coordinated by the Federal Government of Australia
• Avoided conversion projects have prevented approximately 12,000 hectares of na<ve Australian vegeta<on from being converted, and as a result, credits for around 1.25 MtCO2e have been verified (Carbon Pool, undated)
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Climate Ac<on Reserve
• CAR protocols are likely to be adopted under three future compliance systems (Hamilton et al, 2009): i. California program
ii. Western Climate Ini<a<ve iii. U.S. federal program
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OVERVIEW OF THE PROPOSED ALBERTA AVOIDED CONVERSION PROTOCOL
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Addi<onality • The protocol could apply to any privately owned land in Alberta where, at the <me of project commencement, the landowner has financial incen<ve to convert the forestland to a non‐forest use
• To confirm that the project area is suitable for conversion, a cer<fied real estate appraiser could show that the forestland would have a higher market value under an alterna<ve land use (similar to CAR)
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Baseline • Using the ini<al carbon inventory as the star<ng point, the project developer could es<mate the baseline over the 60‐year project period
• The baseline carbon stored within harvested wood products could be es<mated using an approach similar to CAR
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Es<mated conversion rate • A standard conversion rate could be used to es<mate the temporal component over which the conversion might occur (similar to CAR)
• A standard conversion rate spreads the conversion over the first 10 years of the project
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Typical project and baseline projec<ons
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Conserva<veness Discount factors could account for uncertain<es surrounding: – permanence risk (unan<cipated reversals) – permanence risk (an<cipated reversals) – conversion risk – leakage
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Permanence risk (unan<cipated) • To reduce the risk of reversal, a conserva<on easement could be placed upon the property <tle (similar to CAR)
• Reversals from fire, insects, and disease could be nullified using a buffer pool
• To supply the buffer pool, an 8% discount could be applied to the total number of offsets
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Permanence risk (an<cipated) • An<cipated reversals (natural mortality) could be nullified using a reserve pool
• To supply the reserve pool, the discount factor could be set such that it collects 1.5X the expected reversals from natural mortality
• At the end of the project, any offsets remaining in the reserve pool could be returned to the project developer
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Conversion risk • If the real estate appraisal for the alterna<ve land use is not
more than 50% greater than the value as forestland, then a conversion risk discount could be applied (adapted from CAR)
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Leakage • A discount factor similar to that used by CAR (3.6%) could account for leakage
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Measurement, monitoring, verifica<on
• The project developer could field survey the ini<al carbon inventory, and then field survey every 6 years ajerwards (unless a major reversal were to occur) over the 60‐year project period
• Before any offsets are sold, a qualified third‐party could verify that the survey methodology is appropriate
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Net benefits • Besides genera<ng carbon offsets, avoided conversion also provides numerous environmental co‐benefits — such as improved wildlife habitat and biodiversity
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REFERENCES
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Carbon Pool, undated. Minding the Carbon Store – A Global Benchmark. hYp://www.carbonpool.com/pdfs/TCP_Insert_Minding.pdf
Climate Ac<on Reserve, 2009. Forest Project Protocol, Version 3.1. hYp://www.climateac<onreserve.org/how/protocols/adopted/forest/current/
Hamilton, K., M. Sjardin, A. Shapiro and T. Marcello, 2009. For<fying the Founda<on: State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets 2009. A report by Ecosystem Marketplace & New Carbon Finance. hYp://ecosystemmarketplace.com/documents/cms_ documents/2008_ StateofVoluntaryCarbonMarket.4.pdf
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007. Climate Change: Synthesis Report. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. hYp://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment‐report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr.pdf
Natural Resources Canada, 2009. The State of Canada’s Forests: Annual Report 2009. hYp://warehouse.pfc.forestry.ca/HQ/30071.pdf
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