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H|chk V`jcikhd Rpfdcl N`f~Ahkhj`a`k~ Eivpa

Gphdh Dparpv 0 Kiu`af`v 6223

HNF Liaa`vlchd Lieckhklckj hkn

Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~ Rvinpl~|

Vidhkn L+ O+ R dhn`~\`kciv Jphvhk~``| hkn \sknclh~cik| \r`lchdc|~

Ieecl` ie Lieckhklckj Ir`vh~cik|H|chk N`u`dira`k~ Fhkg

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^ircl|

HNF Eckhklckj Ck|~vpa`k~|

Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~| F`k`ec~| ie Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~|

Zms Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~| k``n`n9

HNF| Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~ Rvinpl~|

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HNF Eckhklckj Ck|~vpa`k~|

Dihk| ~i |iu`v`cjk hkn kik|iu`v`cjkifdcjiv|

@xpc~s cku`|~a`k~| ck kik|iu`v`cjk`k~c~c`|

Jvhk~| hkn ~`lmkclhd h||c|~hkl`

Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~ Rvinpl~| -L@R|#

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Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~|

Eiva ie vc|g ac~cjh~cik

Iee`v`n fs rpfdcl hkn rvcuh~` ivjhkch~cik| ANF| -HNF$ CFVN$ HENF$ CHNF$ CNF$ ACJH$ CEL# @}riv~ lv`nc~ hj`klc`| -K@]C$ \cki|pv`$ IRCL# Rvcuh~` ridc~clhd vc|g ck|pv`v| -Ddisn| ie Diknik# N`u`dira`k~ hj`klc`| -OFCL$ P\HCN$ HEN# Fhkg|)M`nj` Epkn| ck ~m` eiva ie lv`nc~ n`ehpd~ |zhr|

Zcn`ds p|`n fs d`kn`v| hkn cku`|~iv| ~i carviu`hkn)iv ncu`v|ces ~m`cv vc|g `}ri|pv`

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F`k`ec~| ie Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~|

@klipvhj` d`kn`v| hkn cku`|~iv| ~i eckhkl`rvio`l~| ck N`u`dirckj A`af`v Lipk~vc`|

-NAL|# ~mh~ ~m`s ahs i~m`vzc|` lik|cn`v ~iivc|gs ~i pkn`v~hg`

@khfd` d`kn`v| ~i rviucn` dikj`v ah~pvc~c`|

Carviu` lv`nc~ vh~ckj| ie lhrc~hd ahvg`~ c||p`| V`npl` eckhklckj li|~|

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F`k`ec~| ie HNF Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~|

D`kn`v| ^hg` liaeiv~ ck HNF| np` ncdcj`kl`$ ck rhv~clpdhv$ ~i

`k|pv` ~mh~ h rvio`l~ c| `likiaclhdds$ eckhklchdds hkn

~`lmkclhdds |ipkn$ hkn ni`| ki~ mhu` h k`jh~cu`carhl~ ik ~m` `kucvika`k~ -HNF \he` Jphvn|#

Hv` h||pv`n ~mh~ HNF| rhv~clcrh~cik ck h rvio`l~ lhkm`dr v`|idu` ri~`k~chd nc|rp~`| f`~z``k h NAL

jiu`vka`k~$ ~m` izk`v|$ hkn ~m` d`kn`v|

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Zms hv` Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~|K``n`n9

Cku`|~a`k~ v`xpcv`a`k~| eiv ~m` H|ch!Rhlcecl v`jcik hv` `kivaip|?

.>:2 fcddcik ie cku`|~a`k~ ck ckevh|~vpl~pv``hlm s`hv iu`v ~m` k`}~ 82 s`hv|++

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Zms hv` Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~|K``n`n9

NAL Jiu`vka`k~| hkn HNF$ hkn i~m`vapd~cdh~`vhd hkn fcdh~`vhd n`u`dira`k~

rhv~k`v|$ lhk eckhkl` ikds h riv~cik ie ~m`haipk~ ie cku`|~a`k~ h NAL v`xpcv`|

^m` eckhklckj jhr zcdd mhu` ~i f` ecdd`n fs

liaa`vlchd fhkg| hkn cku`|~iv|

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Zms hv` Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~|K``n`n9

Ridc~clhd vc|g| lik~ckp` ~i f` vhkg`n h| h ahcklik|~vhck~ ~i ~m` ediz ie ENC ck NAL|

Rvcuh~` cku`|~a`k~ ck ckevh|~vpl~pv` c| hd|i r`vl`cu`nh| mcjm vc|g$ `|r`lchdds zm`k c~ lia`| ~i v`jpdh~ivs

hkn lik~vhl~phd vc|g| K`z fhkgckj v`jpdh~cik| pkn`v Fh|`d CC ahg` d`knckj

ck |ia` NAL| rvimcfc~cu`ds `}r`k|cu`

Dihk rviuc|cik| eiv |iu`v`cjk| -FFF!L# lhk vhkj`evia 02%!802% n`r`knckj ik vh~ckj$ fp~ri~`k~chdds 2% zc~m hk HNF jphvhk~``

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Zms hv` Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~|K``n`n9

Ck ~m` lpvv`k~ jdifhd `likiacl hkn eckhklchdlvc|c|$ liaa`vlchd d`kn`v| hv` m`|c~hk~ ~id`kn$ `|r`lchdds ~i ckevh|~vpl~pv` rvio`l~| ckNAL|

Eiv ahks liaa`vlchd d`kn`v|$ |ia` eiva ielv`nc~ `kmhkl`a`k~ zcdd f` v`xpcv`n ~ilik~ckp`)v`|pa` d`knckj ~i NAL rvio`l~|

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HNF Lv`nc~ @kmhkl`a`k~ Rvinpl~|

Ckldpn` uhvcip| ~sr`| ie jphvhk~``| liu`vckj Ridc~clhd vc|g| -RVJ#

Fv`hlm ie lik~vhl~$ ridc~clhd ucid`kl`$ `}rvirvch~cik$ ~vhk|e`vv`|~vcl~cik$ kh~cikhdch~cik$ |iu`v`cjk kik!rhsa`k~

Liarv`m`k|cu` -lv`nc~# vc|g| -RLJ#

Ridc~clhd hkn liaa`vlchd vc|g|

Dihk| hkn jphvhk~`` |sknclh~cik|

F dihk

Jphvhk~``!ie!v`livn

Pkepkn`n vc|g rhv~clcrh~cik|

v`ck|pvhkl`

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@}~`k~ ie Vc|g Liu`vhj` L@R|

Rhv~chd Lv`nc~ Jphvhk~``| -RLJ|#

F!Dihk

Ridc~clhd Vc|g Jphvhk~``| -RVJ#

LC @}rvi RU Liaa`vlchd

Vc|g \r`l~vpa

Fv`hlm

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HNF Jphvhk~``|

Lhk liu`v n`f~ ikds$ ki `xpc~s cku`|~a`k~|

Zcn` vhkj` ie n`f~ ck|~vpa`k~|

Fhkg dihk|$ |mhv`midn`v dihk|$ dihk jphvhk~``|

Eiv`cjk hkn nia`|~cl d`kn`v|$ hkn cku`|~iv|-|mhv`midn`v dihk|#

Dikj ~`kiv| -pr ~i 80!62' s`hv|#

Rvilpv`a`k~ Jiin| hkn |`vucl`| ap|~ f` |ipvl`n evia hk HNF

a`af`v lipk~vs

@likias hkn @eeclc`kls

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Jphvhk~``|\iu`v`cjk u| Kik|iu`v`cjk Ir`vh~cik|

HNF lhk rviucn` jphvhk~``| zc~m iv zc~mip~h |iu`v`cjk lipk~`v!jphvhk~``

Jphvhk~`` E``|

Zc~m |iu`v`cjk lipk~`v jphvhk~``? 62 fr| r`vhkkpa

Zc~mip~ |iu`v`cjk lipk~`v jphvhk~``? ahvg`~!fh|`n

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Ridc~clhd Vc|g Jphvhk~``|

Lpvv`kls ckliku`v~cfcdc~s)kik!~vhk|e`v

@}rvirvch~cik)nc|lvcackh~ivs jiu`vka`k~ hl~cikHnu`v|` lmhkj` ck hjv``n d`jhd$ v`jpdh~ivs

`kucvika`k~$ iv ~h} v`jca` Ridc~clhd ucid`kl`

Lhk ckldpn` ~`vvivc|a)|hfi~hj`

Hvfc~vh~cik Hzhvn N`ehpd~ ) N`kchd ie Op|~cl` \prrds lik~vhl~|)Iee!~hg` hjv``a`k~| zc~m jiu`vka`k~

lipk~`v!rhv~s iv i~m`v jiu`vka`k~ pkn`v~hgckj|

\iu`v`cjk kik!rhsa`k~

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Fivviz`v

Fhkg|$cku`|~iv|$ hkn

i~m`v|^hg`|

ridc~clhd

vc|g-|#

V`~hckliaa`vlchd

vc|g|

RVJ

Liaa`vlchdDihk

HNF

Ncv`l~

Dihk)@xpc~s)

^`lmkclhdH||c|~hkl`-Hklmiv#

HNF

RVJ zc~m Ncv`l~ Rhv~clcrh~cik

Jiu`vka`k~Lipk~`v!Jphvhk~``

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Fivviz`v

Fhkg|$cku`|~iv|$ hkn

i~m`v|^hg`|

ridc~clhd

vc|g-|#

V`~hckliaa`vlchd

vc|g|

RVJ

Liaa`vlchdDihk

HNFHNF

Rpfdcl\`l~ivDihk )

^`lmkclhdH||c|~hkl`

-Hklmiv#

Jiu`vka`k~

RVJ zc~m Ckncv`l~ Rhv~clcrh~cik

Jiu`vka`k~Lipk~`v!Jphvhk~``

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Lv`nc~ Jphvhk~``|

Rviucn` liarv`m`k|cu` liu`v Ridc~clhd vc|g|$ hkn

Liaa`vlchd iv lv`nc~ vc|g|

P|phdds eiv rhv~ ie n`f~ iz`n fs

Jiu`vka`k~|$ \I@| iv liaa`vlchdfivviz`v| pkn`v

~`va dihk|$ ki~`|$ fikn| hkn i~m`v n`f~

\A@| hkn i~m`v ~hvj`~`n fivviz`v| ck hriv~eidci pkn`v h Ehlcdc~s

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Lv`nc~ Jphvhk~``|

N`kiackh~`n ck ahoiv liku`v~cfd` lpvv`klc`|

hnk lhk hd|i liu`v v`jcikhd iv dilhdlpvv`kls n`f~ ~i

Ac~cjh~` E] vc|g

M`dr n`u`dir dilhd lhrc~hd ahvg`~|

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Fivviz`v

Ck~+ % DilhdFhkg| %Cku`|~iv|

HNFLJ

^hg`| h|mhv` ie ~m`

vc|g

Ap|~ g``r|ia` vc|g

Jiu`vka`k~lipk~`vckn`akc~sIkds zm`k k``n`n

|hs eiv h k`zds rvcuh~c`n \I@

HNF

Ncv`l~Dihk)@xpc~s)

^`lmkclhdH||c|~hkl`-Hklmiv#

Dihk ck

ahoiv ivdilhdlpvv`kls

LJ zc~m ncv`l~ rhv~clcrh~cik

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\sknclh~cik|

Dihk \sknclh~cik|

!

F dihk Jphvhk~`` |sknclh~cik|

! Jphvhk~``!ie!v`livn

! V`ck|pvhkl`

! Pkepkn`n vc|g rhv~clcrh~cik

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Fivviz`v

\sknclh~`a`af`v|

-Fhkg|$ cku`|~iv| %i~m`v|#

H Dihk^hg` k`hvds

hdd vc|g|

F Dihk

Nc|fpv|`a`k~hkn n`f~|`vucl`rh||`|

~mvipjm HNF

Evik~ckj Hvvhkj`a`k~ uch h H)F Dihk \~vpl~pv`

HNFHNF 1D`kn`v

ie v`livn

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F dihk ! F`k`ec~| ~i Fivviz`v

Ik` dihk hjv``a`k~ HNF c| d`kn`v!ie!v`livn hkn hnackc|~`v| dihk

Dikj`v ~`kiv| Zcn`v epknckj fh|`

HNF| np` ncdcj`kl`?

Eckhklchd$ ~`lmkclhd$ `likiacl

@kucvika`k~ hkn |ilchd |he`jphvn|

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F dihk ! F`k`ec~| ~i Rhv~clcrhk~|

Rhv~clcrhk~| f`k`ec~ evia HNF| rvcucd`j`| hkncaapkc~c`| pkn`v ~m` Lmhv~`v ^hg` liaeiv~ ck HNF np` ncdcj`kl` v`jhvnckj

`kucvika`k~ hkn |ilchd |he`jphvn liardchkl`

HNF| v`dh~cik|mcr zc~m NAL Rv`e`vv`n hll`|| ~i eiv`cjk `}lmhkj` ck ~m`

`u`k~ ie lipk~vs eiv`cjk `}lmhkj` |miv~hj`

V`lijkc`n lipk~vs vc|g ac~cjhk~ pkn`v Fh|`dCC @}ldpn`n evia j`k`vhd lipk~vs n`f~

v`|lm`npdckj

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Fivviz`v

Fhkg|$cku`|~iv| %

i~m`v|~hg` ridc~clhd vc|g-|# v`~hck

liaa`vlchdvc|g|

RVJ

Liaa`vlchdDihk

HNF

Rhvhdd`d iv Li!jphvhk~iv \~vpl~pv`

Rpfdcl iv Rvcuh~`Li!jphvhk~iv-|#

Jiu`vka`k~lipk~`vckn`akc~s

ikds zm`k k``n`n

|`u`vhddchfcdc~s

ki |mhvckj ie v`liu`vc`|

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Fivviz`v

Fhkg|$cku`|~iv| %

i~m`v|

~hg` ridc~clhd vc|g-|#

v`~hckliaa`vlchd

vc|g|

RVJ

Liaa`vlchdDihk

HNF

Evik~ckj Hvvhkj`a`k~ uch h JiV \~vpl~pv`

HNF 1Jphvhk~ivie V`livn

Rpfdcl iv Rvcuh~`Li!jphvhk~iv-|#

Jiu`vka`k~lipk~`vckn`akc~s

ikds zm`k k``n`n

|`u`vhddchfcdc~s

rvi vh~h |mhvckj iev`liu`vc`| hjhck|~rhsa`k~ ie l`nckjliaac||cik

l`nckj liaac||cikahs ediz fhlg ~iNAL -ce ldhca ev``#

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F`k`ec~| ie Jphvhk~``!ie!v`livn

Ik` jphvhk~`` hjv``a`k~ HNF c|jphvhk~iv!ie!v`livn

HNF |mhv`| rvio`l~| vc|g| zc~m rhv~clcrhk~|

HNF |mhv`| np` ncdcj`kl` zc~m rhv~clcrhk~|! Eckhklchd$ ~`lmkclhd$ `likiacl

! @kucvika`k~ hkn |ilchd |he`jphvn|

Dikj`v ~`kiv| -~hcd!`kn ah~pvc~c`|# Diz`v jphvhk~`` e``|

! Ecv|~ di||)`}l`||

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Hnuilhls vid` -mcjm rvifhfcdc~s ~mh~ nc|rp~`|zcdd f` v`|idu`n$ `}l`r~ eiv rms|clhd nhahj`#

Mcjm rvifhfcdc~s ie v`liu`vs$ ce jphvhk~`` rhcn

! Rv`e`vv`n hll`|| ~i eiv`cjk `}lmhkj` ck ~m` `u`k~ie eiv`cjk `}lmhkj` |miv~hj`|

! HNF h| d`kn`v lhk eckhkl` rhsa`k~| pkn`v

jphvhk~`` Diz`v rviuc|cikckj v`xpcv`n pkn`v Fh|`d CC

Diz rvifhfcdc~s ie j`k`vhd lipk~vs n`f~

v`|lm`npdckj

F`k`ec~| ie Jphvhk~``!ie!v`livn

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Jphvhk~``

Midn`v

V`ck|pvhkl` Rviucn`v-H@F)NEC)@LH)RVC#

HNF

V`ck|pvhkl`

Jphvhk~``

Rhv~clcrh~cik

Hjv``a`k~

.=2

.822

NALJiu`vka`k~

Lipk~`v!jphvhk~`` .822

.62

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V`ck|pvhkl`

Hddiz| HNF ~i ~vhk|e`v |ia`iv hddie ~m` vc|g| Jphvhk~`` midn`v ~hg`| HNF lv`nc~ vc|g ikds

HNF |mhv`| v`liu`vc`| rhvc rh||p zc~m

jphvhk~iv)ck|pv`v HNF h||pa`| jphvhk~iv)ck|pv`v lipk~`v!rhv~s

vc|g|

Diz`v| li|~| ce |~vpl~pv`n ik ecv|~ di||)`}l`|| M`dr| rvcuh~` jphvhk~iv|)ck|pv`v| jhck liaeiv~

hkn fpcdn hl~phd n`hd `}r`vc`kl` ck NAL|

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Fivviz`v

Rhv~clcrhk~Fhkg)H@F

HNF

Pkepkn`n Vc|g Rhv~clcrh~cik

Dihk

Rhv~clcrh~cik

Hjv``a`k~

.=2

.822

Jphvhk~``

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Eiv epv~m`v ckeivah~cik$ rd`h|` lik~hl~?

Vidhkn L+ O+ Rdhn`~\`kciv Jphvhk~``| hkn \sknclh~cik| \r`lchdc|~

IEECL@ IE LIECKHKLCKJ IR@VH^CIK\H|chk N`u`dira`k~ Fhkg

5 HNF Hu`kp`$ Ahknhdpsikj Lc~s$ Rmcdcrrck`|^`d '5< 6 5