Supply Chain Management : ANALISIS STRATEGI SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PADA PROSES MANUFACTURE
A presentation on Supply Chain Management
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SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
A PRESENTATION
BY
SHAILESH TOPNO
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INTRODUCTION
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENTSUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM) is
integrating management practices and information technology to optimize information and production flow among the processes and business partners within a supply chain. SCM is a management concept that integrates the management of supply chain process.
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WHAT IS SUPPLY CHAIN ?
Consists of all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in fulfilling a customer request, include not only manufacturers & suppliers, but also transporters, warehouses, retailers & even customers.
Supplier Manufacturer Distributor Retailer Customer
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Basic Supply Chain Process
Manufacture & Raw Materials
Export &ImportActivities
PrimaryMovement
DistributionCentres
SecondaryMovement
B2B & B2CDistribution
After-SalesServices
Reverse Logistics
After Sales Logistics
Suppliers Production Distribution Sales Channel Value-Added Services End UserDistribution
Distribution Logistics
Manufacturing Logistics
Inbound Logistics
Supply Logistics
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In a supply chain, virtually all of the members serve as both customers as well as suppliers.
In the Li & Fung example, the Korean yarn producer and the Japanese zipper producer are probably only suppliers and the customer’s customers (folks like you and me) are probably only customers.
Every other organization in the supply chain is both
a customer and a supplier. See the figure on slide seven.
SUPPLY CHAIN
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Supplier
Supplier
Storage} Service Customer
Supplier
Supplier
Supplier
Storage} Mfg. Dist. Retailer CustomerStorage
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Yarn
Zippers
Factory1
Factory2
Factory3
Factory4
Factory5
TheCustomer(Retailer)
YarnDying &Weaving
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WHY IS SCM SO IMPORTANT?TO Gain efficiencies from procurement,
distribution and logisticTo reduce transportation costs of inventoriesTo meet the challenge of globalization and longer
supply chainsTo meet the new challenges from e-commerceTo manage the complexities of supply chainsTo manage the inventories needed across the
supply chain
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IMPORTANT ACTIVITIES INCLUDE DETERMINING Transportation vendors Credit and cash transfers Suppliers Distributors Accounts payable and receivable Warehousing and inventory Order fulfillment Sharing customer, forecasting, and
production information
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WHAT ARE THE MERITS AND DEMERITS OF SCM ?MERITS : With the increased visibility into the supply chain
and adaptive supply chain network, you can be more responsive. You can sense and respond quickly to changes and quickly capitalize on new opportunities.
By offering a common information framework that supports communication and collaboration, SCM enables you to better adapt to and meet customer demands.
You can track and monitor compliance in areas as environment, health and safety.
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With SCM, you can low operational expenses with timelier planning for procurement, manufacturing and transportation. Better order, product and execution tracking can lead to improvements in performance and quality - and lower costs. You can also improve margins through better coordination with business partners.
Tight connection with trading partners keep your supply chain aligned with current business strategies and priorities, improving your organization's overall performance and achievement of goals.
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DEMERITS :SCM is hard to implement in immature/informal
organizations.SCM can fail if both parties are not willing to share
their insights ,information throughout. If in an entire SCM chain even one single node is
hiding information ,this will effect the profits and gains of the entire network which may finally collapse. So transparency is highly required in SCM.
Costs.Requires trust. Imbalance of power.Strategic challenges.
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SUPPLY CHAIN ELEMENTS
Supply Chain Design Resource Acquisition Long Term Planning (1 Year ++)
Strategic
Production/ Distribution Planning Resource Allocation Medium Term Planning(Quarterly, Monthly)
Tactical
Shipment Scheduling Resource Scheduling Short Term Planning (Weekly,Daily)
Operational
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FUNCTIONS OF SCM
SCM
Supplier management
Inventory management
Distribution management
Channel management
Payment management
Financial management
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OBJECTIVES & GOALS OF SCM
to cut costs Increase profits Improve performance in relationships with customers
and suppliersDevelop value added services that give a company a
competitive edgeObjective is to be able to have the right products in
the right quantities(at the right place) at the right moment at minimal cost
Reduced inventory , reduced lead times , reduced warehouse cost , helps in forecast accuracy
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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
Trucking• Moves the vast majority of
manufactured goods• Chief advantage is flexibility
Railroads• Capable of carrying large loads• Little flexibility though containers
and piggybacking have helped with this
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Airfreight• Fast and flexible for light loads• May be expensive
Pipelines• Used for transporting oil, gas, and
other chemical products
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Waterways• Typically used for bulky, low-value
cargo• Used when shipping cost is more
important than speed
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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
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SUPPLY CHAIN RISK
More reliance on supply chains means more risk
Fewer suppliers increase dependence Compounded by globalization and logistical
complexity Vendor reliability and quality risks Political and currency risks
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IMPORTANT POINTS TO KEEP IN MIND
Segment customers based on service needs.Modify the supply chain to meet these service
requirements profitably.Customize the logistics network.Delay product differentiation till the last possible
moment.
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Segmentation of customers based on service needs.
Customization of logistics network. Listen to signals of market demand and plan
accordingly. Differentiate product close to the customer. Develop a supply chain wide technology
strategy.
SUMMARY
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