A Comparative Study of A Comparative Study of Press Website Feature AnalysisPress Website Feature Analysis

in Korea and Japanin Korea and Japan

Authors : Youngji Ha, Jiyoung Kim,

Jiyoung Park, Hanwoo Park

work in progress

Prepared for : The Japan- China -Korea Conference in Kansai University 2012

日中韓院生フォーラムプログラム 2012 　

Presented by Jiyoung Kim

Different News media background and development

Gwangyu Kim et al. (2009): a comparison study of press

organization system in Korea and Japan

• Similarity : monopolistic and oligopolistic distribution, the circumstance which broadcasting industry expend sharply.

•Differences : Newspaper’s position and the response of the new media surroundings.

- In contrast to Japan, Internet media is relatively more powerful in Korea, since Internet news users increase and politically already Internet news is crucial role.

Background and Literature Review 1.

Background and Literature Review 2.Background and Literature Review 2.News Credibility in Korea and Japan

(Newspapers Association of Japan,2007)

Internet

TV

Newspaper

Magazine

Radio

NHK

Newspaper

Internet

(Korea Press Foundation, 2008)

Hyo Kim et al. (2007)

• A Comparative analysis of Politician Websites in Japan and South Korea using Website Feature Data

: Korean politician websites offer more spaces and links to visitors to write their opinion than Japanese’ by compare various feature of content, service, and hyperlinks

Han woo Park et al. (2006) explains NGO websites have not only more information about politician, the government websites offers less online forum space by feature analysis during Philippine election

Background and Literature Review 3.

Cultural differenceSimple collectivism vs. contextual collectivism

(Gudykunst et al. 1987)

Background and Literature Review 4.Background and Literature Review 4.

Korea Japan

simple collectivism

: depending on the situation, in-groups are adjusted flexibly and that members form

multiple in-groups

contextual collectivism

: members form specific in-groups beyond given context and situations

Koreans tend to accept willingly a newcomer who has something in common based on the existing in-group traits as an in-group member, whereas in Japan, the newcomer finds it more difficult to have the opportunity for personal chats with the existing members.

(Froese, 2010)

RQ1: What’s the differences between Korean and Japanese press websites by web feature analysis ?

RQ2: Can we find cultural differences by comparative study on press websites of two countries?

Research Questions.Research Questions.

Korea JapanChosun Ilbo www.chosun.com Yomiuri

Shimbunwww.yomiuri.co.jp

JoongAng Ilbo www.joongang.co.kr

SanKei Shimbun

www.sankei.co.jp

HanKyoreh Shinmun

www.hani.co.kr Asahi Shimbun

www.asahi.com

Kyunghang Shinmun

www.khan.co.kr Mainichi Shimbun

www.mainichi.jp

Research method 1.

8 Press websites for sampleData collections

Feature Analysis

: Web sphere analysis is a framework for web studies that enables

analysis of communicative actions and relations between web

producers and users develop mentally over time. (Schneider & Foot,

2005).

•Network Analysis

: visualization using UCINet and NetDrew(one of the social network

analysis tools for visualization and analysis)base on pearson

correlation analysis of two countries

Research method 2.Research method 2.

Category (Total: 90)

Research method 3

Category Subsection Extra section Contents

Communication

Interaction

SNS

Blog

customized

Journalist’s email, comment space, article evaluation, Q&A , bulletin board….

participationReport from readers, letters to the editor, citizen journalists, discussion & forum, yeas and nays, questionnaire…

Community club, membership system sub-sites..

Information

Inside website News subscribe, sending articles, DB use, App, fee contents, Foreign Language, Letter size, most reed & popular, Press blog…Outside website

Business

Premium content Membership system (premium content only)..

E-commerce Shopping mall..

Advertisementlink, banners, flash banners, scrollbar, pop-ups, article-text ads, Google ads…

Research procedure

•Period: 2012. 1. 3 - 2012. 1. 6

•Frequency comparison (existence=1, absence=0)

•Pre-test: Two coders agreed on the 113 out of 129 items (87.59%) for one media website

•Cohen Kappa value: 73%

Research method 4.

Frequency (score : 0~10)

Result 1.Result 1.

communication Information Business Mean

Country Korea 6.15 6.08 7.67 6.36

Japan 3.47 4.05 3.78 3.85

Politics Inclination

Conservative 5.42 5.82 6.00 5.74

Liberal 4.69 4.75 6.00 4.94

Result 1-1. Result 1-1.

Interaction Participation Community Mean

Korea 6.25 5.56 7.50 6.15

Japan 0.56 5.19 10.00 3.47

Communication Category frequency

Interaction•Korean websites offer more feedback space between journalists and reader and the comment space of each news in contrast to Japanese press websites.

Community•There is popular usage using community and membership system in which readers can share their opinion and relationship on Japanese websites.

Journalist Email and Journalist’s other article list

Article assessment by readers Korea(Kyunghyang shinmun) : emotional assessment

CommentKorea (Chosun Ilbo)

Information Category frequency

Result 1-2Result 1-2

Outside website Within website Mean

Korea 7.68 5.47 6.08

Japan 5.71 3.42 4.05

• Korean and Japanese sites both have more outside website information share than within website. Articles are sending outside of websites using SNS such as Twitter, Facebook, Mix and Me2day .

Business Category Frequency Result

Result1-3Result1-3

Advertisement Mean

Korea 7.22 7.67

Japan 3.70 3.78

Korea•There are many premium contents, e-commerce and ads for making profit in Korea for release from suffering financial problems due to the fall in paper news income of ads

•Many kinds of Ads forms

Japan•In contrast to the Korean press websites, not many ads on the websites.

Japan

Korea

SNS, Blog and customized Category Frequency

Result 1-4.Result 1-4.

SNS & Blog Customized

Korea 6.12 6.61

Japan 2.72 7.14

SNS & Blog Use•Korea press websites do not only use SNS for sending out the articles from the their websites, but also the comments space which readers can share their thoughts about the article on SNS with followers on Twitters and friends on Facebook.

Customized & personalized use•Japanese press websites have more contents and options which is customized to the readers than Korea.

Mobile application

Membership service JoongAng Inbo: jjLife Yomiuri: yorimo

HanKyoreh: Haninuri Asahi: aspara

Visualization by UCINet

ResultResult

• The more websites have similarity, the ticker links have.• Nationality is a distinction which Korean press websites

and Japanese press websites make different on the network.

Red: Korean press websitesBlue : Japanese press websites

Visualization by NetDrew

Result 2.

• The more websites have similarity, the ticker links have.• Nationality is a distinction which Korean press websites and

Japanese press websites make different on the network.

Red: Korean press websitesBlue : Japanese press websitesHANI

KyungHang

JoongAngChosun

Yomiuri

Sankei

Mainichi

Asahi

Findings Findings Two country press websites reflects the media circumstance and

cultural differences.

정치적 성향은 신문사 웹사이트 특성에 있어 큰 차이가 없다 .

Korea Japan• Interaction is high among

readers, press and Journalists.

• Using SNS and Blog within and outside connection is active

• There are many premium contents, e-commerce and ads for making profit

• Articles and reader’s space is separated.

• Forming community and customized trends is active

Limitation . •Limitation of basic comparison, frequency : the results can not infer that the more types of services, the better for the press business and the reader’s aspects.

Meaning of Study

: Although there is limitation for this study, it has mean as an

empirical study for examination the difference between press

websites of two countries.•

Future Research•Need the correlations between press website services and readers’ use and gratification to deep study of the websites of two countries.

Limitation & future study Limitation & future study

Q&A

Thank you! 　

Prof. Han Woo PARKWorld Class University Webometrics Institute

CyberEmotions Research CenterDepartment of Media and Communincation,

YeungNam University, Koreahanpark@ynu.ac.kr

http://www.hanpark.net