802.11ac - Wireless Gigabit Speeds Driving Changes in Wireless Analysis
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Transcript of 802.11ac - Wireless Gigabit Speeds Driving Changes in Wireless Analysis
www.wildpackets.com © WildPackets, Inc.
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Jay Botelho
Director of Product Management
WildPackets
Follow me @jaybotelho
802.11ac Wireless Gigabit Speeds Driving Changes
in Wireless Analysis
© WildPackets, Inc. #wp_wirelesspackets
Were You Aware…
• How many ratified 802.11 standards are in place as of
today (April 17, 2013)? a) 12
b) 19
c) 22
d) 25
e) 28
• How many new standards are currently in process? a) 3
b) 5
c) 8
d) 9
e) 10
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Administrivia
• All callers are on mute ‒ If you have problems, please let us know via the Chat window
• There will be Q&A at the end ‒ Feel free to type a question at any time
• Slides and recording will be available: ‒ Via a follow-up email
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Agenda
• 802.11ac Basics
• 802.11ac Use Cases – Consumer vs. Enterprise
• 802.11ac vs. 802.11n
• WLAN Analysis – Then and Now
• WildPackets Corporate Overview
• WildPackets Product Line Overview
4
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Were You Aware…
• How many ratified 802.11 standards are in place as of
today (March 14, 2012)? a) 12
b) 19
c) 22
d) 25
e) 28
• How many new standards are currently in process? a) 3
b) 5
c) 8
d) 9
e) 10
© WildPackets, Inc. #wp_wirelesspackets
Ratified
• IEEE 802.11-1997: The original WLAN standard
• IEEE 802.11a: 54 Mbit/s, 5 GHz standard (1999)
• IEEE 802.11b: Enhancements to 802.11 to support 5.5 and 11 Mbit/s (1999)
• IEEE 802.11c: Bridge operation procedures; included in the IEEE 802.1D standard (2001)
• IEEE 802.11d: International (country-to-country) roaming extensions (2001)
• IEEE 802.11e: Enhancements: QoS, including packet bursting (2005)
• IEEE 802.11g: 54 Mbit/s, 2.4 GHz standard (backwards compatible with b) (2003)
• IEEE 802.11h: Spectrum Managed 802.11a (5 GHz) for European compatibility (2004)
• IEEE 802.11i: Enhanced security (2004)
• IEEE 802.11j: Extensions for Japan (2004)
• IEEE 802.11-2007: A new release of the standard that includes amendments a, b, d, e, g, h, i & j. (July 2007)
• IEEE 802.11k: Radio resource measurement enhancements (2008)
• IEEE 802.11n: Higher throughput improvements using MIMO (multiple input, multiple output antennas) (September 2009)
• IEEE 802.11p: WAVE—Wireless Access for the Vehicular Environment (such as ambulances and passenger cars) (July 2010)
• IEEE 802.11r: Fast BSS transition (FT) (2008)
• IEEE 802.11s: Mesh Networking, Extended Service Set (ESS) (July 2011)
• IEEE 802.11u: Interworking with non-802 networks (for example, cellular) (February 2011)
• IEEE 802.11v: Wireless network management (February 2011)
• IEEE 802.11w: Protected Management Frames (September 2009)
• IEEE 802.11y: 3650–3700 MHz Operation in the U.S. (2008)
• IEEE 802.11z: Extensions to Direct Link Setup (DLS) (September 2010)
• IEEE 802.11-2012: A new release of the standard that includes amendments k, n, p, r, s, u, v, w, y and z (March 2012)
• IEEE 802.11aa: Robust streaming of Audio Video Transport Streams (June 2012)
• IEEE 802.11ad: Very High Throughput 60 GHz (Dec 2012)
• IEEE 802.11ae: QoS Management (Mar 2012)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11 6
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In Process
• IEEE 802.11ac: Very High Throughput <6 GHz (Feb 2014)
• IEEE 802.11af: TV Whitespace (June 2014)
• IEEE 802.11ah: Sub 1 GHz (Mar 2016)
• IEEE 802.11ai: Fast Initial Link Setup (Feb 2015)
• IEEE 802.11mc: Maintenance of the standard (March 2015)
• IEEE 802.11aj: China Millimeter Wave (October 2016)
• IEEE 802.11aq: Pre-association Discovery (May 2015)
• IEEE 802.11ak: General Link
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11 7
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802.11ac Basics
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802.11ac Highlights
• 802.11n “lessons learned”
• Wider channel bandwidths; More MIMO
‒ 80 MHz and 160 MHz channel
‒ Support for up to 8 spatial streams
• Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO)
‒ Multiple STAs transmit or receive independent data streams
simultaneously
‒ Downlink MU-MIMO (one transmitting device, multiple receiving
devices) included as an optional mode
• Low level MAC and RF improvements
‒ Beam forming improvements
‒ MAC modifications (mostly to support above changes)
‒ Coexistence mechanisms for 20/40/80/160 MHz channels, 11ac and
11a/n devices
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Example 802.11ac Configurations
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11ac
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802.11ac Status
• Not scheduled for
IEEE ratification until
Feb 2014, but …
http://reviews.cnet.com/best-wireless-networking-devices/
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802.11ac Status – And …
12
http://www.engadget.com/tag/802.11ac/
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802.11ac Use Cases
Consumer vs. Enterprise
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802.11ac – “The Multimedia Home”
• Wi-Fi Direct
• Video streaming/set-
top boxes
• Data syncing and
backup
• 3G and 4G offloading
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What Will Drive Enterprise Adoption?
• Ratification and certification
• Cost and availability
• Unique bandwidth needs
• The “yet-to-be-identified killer video app” –
telepresence??
• The true “wireless office”, should it become a reality
– remember Bluetooth??
• BYOD – grassroots pressure from mobile device
users
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802.11ac vs. 802.11n
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802.11n: Higher Throughput Improvements
Using MIMO
• Description ‒ Significant enhancements in data rate and range
‒ Uses new technologies including MIMO, channel
bonding, aggregation, short guard interval
• Use cases and market penetration ‒ Becoming the de-facto standard for commercially
available WLAN equipment – both consumer and
enterprise
‒ High-density deployments; multimedia
applications; forklift upgrades
• Compatibility and analysis implications ‒ Backward compatible with a/b/g, but older technologies limit overall
improvements
‒ Not all network analysis software and hardware is up to the task
‒ Make WLAN analysis upgrades part of the overall 802.11n upgrade
17
http://linksys-
de.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/21194/~
/intermittent-wireless-signal-with-802.11n-routers-
and-access-points
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802.11ac: Very High Throughput <6 GHz
• Description ‒ Significant improvement over 802.11n –
higher throughput for less power
‒ Wi-Fi MIMO “multicast”
• Use cases and market penetration ‒ Commercial penetration for multimedia
over Wi-Fi
‒ WFA certification coming soon – based
on draft standard
‒ Will become the standard for 802.11
networking infrastructure going forward
• Compatibility and analysis implications ‒ Backward compatible with a/b/g/n, but older technologies limit overall
improvements
‒ Only operates at 5GHz, significantly reducing compatibility issues
‒ New speeds require new methods for detailed analysis
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802.11ac vs. 802.11n
• Gigabit speed wireless with approximately 3 times the performance for
the same power
• Better performance at any range with fewer dead spots
• More reliable connections for media streaming with beam-forming
• More Wi-Fi bandwidth on your mobile
• Only utilizes the 5 GHz band - much less prone to interference
• Backward compatible to 802.11 a/n
http://www.netgear.com/landing/80211ac/images/wp_netgear_802_11ac_wifi.pdf
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WLAN Analysis – Then and Now
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Then …
• Locally connected
devices
• Commercially available
USB devices
• Multiple devices for
channel aggregation
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The Problem with “Then”
• I’m most probably NOT near the problem
• I still need supported devices
• I need supported devices that equal or exceed the
most capable devices on my network – now 802.11ac
• And, most importantly …
• USB is simply NOT up to the task!
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USB
• USB 1.1 (Full Speed) ‒ September 1998
‒ 12 Mbps
‒ If you still have equipment with v1.1, get
something new!
• USB 2.0 (High Speed) ‒ April 2000
‒ 480 Mbps theoretical; 280 Mbps effective
‒ Extremely common for laptops in use
• USB 3.0 (Super Speed) ‒ November 2008
‒ 5 Gbps theoretical; 3.2 Gbps effective
23
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Now Let’s Review
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Doing Some 802.11ac Math
• Assume 2-antenna APs and STAs at 80MHz = 867
Mbps
• Assume effective throughput of 520 Mbps (60%)
• Assume you can “hear” 3 different APs
• If our analysis requires aggregating data from the 3
distinct APs together, the aggregated analysis
throughput is
• 1.56 Gbps
• Using USB devices, v3.0 is required for both the
WLAN adapters AND the laptop – not easy to find!
25
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And It Will Get Faster …
• Assume an 8-antenna AP, 4 2-antenna stations at 160
MHz using MU-MIMO (1.73 Gbps to each STA)
• Assume effective throughput of 1.04 Gbps (60%)
• If our analysis requires aggregating data from the 4
STAs together, the aggregated analysis throughput
is
• 4.16 Gbps
• This exceeds the 3.2 Gbps effect rate for USB 3.0, the
very best the market has to offer
26
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So, What “Now”?
• As wireless approaches wired speeds, it’s time to
start relying on the wire
• Distributed analysis using deployed assets – APs –
is the only effective solution as wireless speeds
grow
• The choices: ‒ Remote PCap
‒ Custom Remote Adapters
27
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Remote Pcap
• A WinPcap feature that allows interaction with a
remote machine to capture packets
• The remote device must be running the remote Pcap
daemon (rpcapd)
• Remote Capture Protocol (RPCAP) modes: ‒ Passive Mode (default): analyzer connects to the remote
daemon, sends the appropriate commands, starts the capture
‒ Active Mode: remote daemon tries to establish a connection to
the analyzer, the analyzer sends the appropriate commands to
the daemon, starts the capture
• Simply start a capture on the analyzer and point it to
the available RPCAP interfaces
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Remote Pcap (cont.)
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Support for RPCAP
• Not easy to find – this isn’t a “marketed feature” for
manufacturers
• Devices we have worked with include: ‒ Aerohive: Model HiveAP 120
‒ Ruckus: ZoneFlex 7363 (requires ZoneDirector Controller)
• Others that we’re aware of: ‒ Cisco MDS 9216
• We will continue to compile a list
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Custom Remote Adapters
• Allow an AP that can be put into promiscuous mode
to act like a direct-connected sniffing device
• Allow the full capabilities of the AP to be leveraged
• APs are “reconfigured” via the AP controller
software
• Depending on the manufacturer and the model, APs
may or may not be able to continue sending traffic
• Once configured, choosing the remote adapter from
within OmniPeek allows wireless packets to be
collected directly from the AP
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Custom Remote Adapters
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Custom Remote Adapters
• Cisco
• Aruba
• Meru
• Coming soon: Quantenna
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OmniPeek and 802.11ac
• Continued support for USB WLAN adapters ‒ OmniWiFi for 11n
‒ New adapters for 802.11ac
• Continued support for Custom Remote Adapters ‒ Test new APs for 802.11ac
‒ New manufacturers
• RPCAP support ‒ Built into upcoming release of OmniPeek
‒ Climbing the learning curve
‒ Test with APs as they’re indentified
‒ Compile a list of APs with support
34
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Q&A
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WildPackets Corporate Overview
Optimizing Network and Application Performance
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Corporate Background
• Experts in network monitoring, analysis, and troubleshooting
‒ Founded: 1990 / Headquarters: Walnut Creek, CA
‒ Offices throughout the US, EMEA, and APAC
• Customers spanning leading edge organizations
‒ Mid-market and enterprise lines of business
‒ Financial, manufacturing, ISPs, major federal agencies,
state and local governments, universities
‒ Over 7,000 customers / 60+ countries / 80% of Fortune 1,000
• Award-winning solutions that improve network performance
‒ Internet Telephony, Network Magazine, Network Computing awards
‒ United States Patent 5,787,253 issued July 28, 1998 • “Apparatus and Method of Analyzing Internet Activity”
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Why Our Customers Need Us
• VoIP, video, cloud, virtualization, and key business
applications are saturating critical network services
• Evolving network technologies create discontinuities ‒ 1 Gig 10 Gig 40 Gig 100 Gig networks
‒ Wireless, BYOD initiatives
• Users and business can not tolerate network
problems for mission critical services
Increasing demand for better real-time network visibility,
network analytics, network forensics, and DPI
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How We Create Value
We provide innovative, industry-leading, real-time
network performance management solutions
‒ Easy-to-use, easy-to-learn user interface
‒ Uniquely extensible solutions
‒ Wireless network leadership
‒ Detailed analytics related to network applications
‒ Fastest network traffic capture appliance in its class
‒ Technical superiority at competitive price point
WildPackets has continually advanced its solution to meet the needs of its
customers
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Unprecedented Network Visibility
ROOT-CAUSE ANALYSIS
OmniPeek network analyzer performs deep packet inspection
and can reconstruct all network activity, including e-mail and
IM, as well as analyze VoIP and video traffic quality.
PINPOINT NETWORK ISSUES ANYWHERE
Omnipliance Portable can rapidly identify and troubleshoot
issues before they become major problems—wired or
wireless—down the hall or across the globe.
UNDERSTAND END-USER PERFORMANCE TimeLine and Omnipliance network recorders monitor
and analyze performance across critical network
segments, virtual environments, and remote sites.
NETWORK HEALTH
WatchPoint can manage and report on key
device performance and availability across
the entire network, from anywhere on the network.
GLOBAL
DISTRIBUTED
PORTABLE
DPI
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A History of Innovation
2003 Distributed real-time
troubleshooting
2001 • First 802.11
wireless analyzer
• First network
analyzer with
automated expert
analysis
2005 Combined distributed
network and VoIP
network analysis
2008 Enterprise-wide
Monitoring and Reporting
2009 Innovative dashboard
with drill-down for VoIP
and video
2012 • Capture, record, and
analyze from 40G
network segments
• First wireless network
analyzer to support
801.11ac, k, r, u, v, w
2011 • Total visibility with
zero packet loss
• First wireless
network analyzer to
support capture and
analysis of 802.11n
3-stream wireless
2010 First to achieve 11 Gbps
sustained capture-to-disk
www.wildpackets.com © WildPackets, Inc.
Product Line Overview
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Omni Distributed Analysis Platform
OmniPeek Enterprise Packet Capture, Decode and Analysis
• Ethernet,1/10 Gigabit, 802.11, and voice and video over IP
• Portable capture and OmniEngine console
• Aggregate analysis data across multiple capture points
Omnipliance / TimeLine Distributed Enterprise Network Forensics
• High-performance packet capture and real-time analysis
• Stream-to-disk for forensics analysis
• Integrated OmniAdapter network analysis cards up to 40G
WatchPoint Centralized Enterprise Network Monitoring Appliance
• Aggregation and graphical display of network data
• WildPackets OmniEngines
• NetFlow and sFlow
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Omni Distributed Analysis Platform Software and Turnkey Solutions
• Enterprise monitoring and reporting
‒ WatchPoint Server
‒ OmniFlow, NetFlow, and sFlow Collectors
• Software probes and network recorders
‒ Omnipliance network recorders – Edge, Core
‒ TimeLine network recorders
‒ OmniAdapter analysis cards
• Distributed analysis software
‒ OmniPeek – Enterprise, Professional, Basic, Connect
‒ OmniEngine – Enterprise, Desktop, OmniVirtual
• Portable solutions
‒ OmniPeek network analyzer
‒ Omnipliance Portable
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Key New Features in v7
• 40G network support
• Analyze issues from end to end:
Multi-Segment Analysis (MSA)
• Collect data from non-technical end users:
OmniPeek Remote Assistant (ORA)
• Single, interactive dashboard for
utilization, top talkers, top protocols,
latency, Experts, flows, and wireless
signal strength
• New wireless specifications
‒ 802.11ac 802.11k
‒ 802.11r 802.11u
‒ 802.11v 802.11w
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OmniPeek Network Analyzer
• Distributed analysis manager
– Connect to and configure distributed OmniEngines, Omnipliances,
and TimeLines
• Comprehensive dashboards present network traffic in real-time
– Vital statistics and graphs display trends on network and application
performance
– Visual peer-map shows conversations and protocols
– Intuitive drill-down for root-cause analysis of performance bottlenecks
• Visual Expert diagnosis speeds problem resolution
– Packet and payload visualizers provide business-centric views
• Automated analytics and problem detection 24/7
– Easily create filters, triggers, scripting, advanced alarms, and alerts
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Omnipliance Network Recorders
• Captures and analyzes all network traffic 24x7
– Runs WildPackets OmniEngine software probe
– Generates vital statistics on network and application performance
– Intuitive root-cause analysis of performance bottlenecks
• Expert analysis speeds problem resolution
– Fault analysis, statistical analysis, and independent notification
• Multiple issue digital forensics
– Real-time and post capture data mining for compliance and troubleshooting
• Intelligent data transport
– Network data analyzed locally
– Detailed analysis passed to OmniPeek on demand
– Summary statistics sent to WatchPoint for long term trending and reporting
– Efficient use of network bandwidth
• User-extensible platform
– Plug-in architecture and SDK
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TimeLine Network Recorder
• Continuous network recording and comprehensive
real-time statistical display — simultaneously ‒ 12Gbps sustained capture with zero packet loss
‒ Network statistics display in TimeLine visualization format
• Rapid, intuitive forensics search and retrieval ‒ Historical network traffic analysis and quick data rewinding
‒ Several pre-defined forensics search templates making
searches easy and fast
• A natural extension to the WildPackets product line
• Turnkey bundled solution ‒ Appliance + OmniEngine, OmniAdapter, OmniPeek Connect
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WildPackets Network Recorders Price/Performance Solutions for Every Application
Portable Edge Core TimeLine
Ruggedized
Troubleshooting
Small Networks
Remote Offices
Datacenter Workhorse
Easily Expandable
Enterprise, Highly-
Utilized Networks
Aluminum chassis / 17” LCD 1U rack mountable chassis 3U rack mountable chassis 3U rack mountable chassis
Dual 2.13 GHz Quad-Core Intel
Xeon L5630 "Westmere"
Quad-Core Intel Xeon X3460
2.80Ghz
Dual Intel Xeon Quad Core
E5530 2.4GHz
Dual Intel Xeon Quad Core
X5560 2.8GHz
24GB RAM 4GB RAM 6GB RAM 18GB RAM
2 PCI-E Slots 2 PCI-E Slots 4 PCI-E Slots 4 PCI-E Slots
2 Built-in Ethernet Ports 2 Built-in Ethernet Ports 2 Built-in Ethernet Ports 2 Built-in Ethernet Ports
6TB SATA storage capacity 1TB SATA storage capacity 8/16TB SATA
storage capacity
8/16/32/48TB SATA
storage capacity
4.5Gbps CTD 1.1Gbps CTD 3Gbps CTD 12Gbps CTD
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WatchPoint Centralized Monitoring for Distributed Enterprise Networks
• High-level, aggregated
view of all network
segments
– Monitor per campus, per
region, per country
• Wide range of network
data
– NetFlow, sFlow, OmniFlow
• Web-based, customizable
network dashboards
• Flexible detailed reports
• Direct link to detailed,
packet-based analysis
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Comprehensive Support and Services
Standard Support
Maintenance and upgrades
Telephone and email contacts
Knowledgebase
MyPeek Portal
Premier Support
24 x 7 x 365
Dedicated escalation manager
2 customer contacts per site
Plug-in reconfiguration assistance
WildPackets Training Academy
Public, web-based, and on-site classes
Complete curriculum: technology and product focused
Practical applications and labs covering network analysis,
wireless, VoIP monitoring and advanced troubleshooting
Consulting and Custom Development Services
Deployment, configuration, and assessment engagement
Systems integration and testing
Application integration, driver, decode, interface development
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WildPackets Key Differentiators
• Visual Expert intelligence with intuitive drill-down
– Let computer do the hard work, and return results, real-time
– Packet /payload visualization is faster than packet-per-packet diagnostics
– Experts and analytics can be memorized and automated
• Automated capture analytics
– Filters, triggers, scripting, and advanced alarming system combine to provide
automated network problem detection 24x7
• Multiple issue network forensics
– Can be tracked by one or more people simultaneously
– Real-time or post capture
• User-extensible platform
– Plug-in architecture and SDK
• Aggregated network views and reporting
– NetFlow, sFlow, and OmniFlow
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24x7 Network Monitoring,
Analysis, and Troubleshooting
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Thank You!
WildPackets, Inc.
1340 Treat Boulevard, Suite 500
Walnut Creek, CA 94597
(925) 937-3200