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MNG FTTx (B SUNG)

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NI DUNG:

Tng quan v FTTx

K thut trin khai mng

Cc dch v trn mng FTTx

Xu hng pht trin

MNG FTTx

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TNG QUANMNG FTTx

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1. Khi nim cbn FTTx:

C thnh ngha FTTx (Fiber To The x) l mt thut ng c sdng cp n mt kin trc mng cp quangc ng dng ktni truyn thng v vin thng; thay th tt c hay mt phn cp kimloi thng thng dng chng cui ca mng vin thng.

Thut ng chung ny bt ngun t vi m hnh mng trin khai cpsi quang FTTN, FTTC, FTTB, FTTH, FTTP, tt c bt u bngFTT nhng kt thc bi cc k t khc nhau, c thay th bng xmang tnh cht tng qut ha.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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2. Loi hnh FTTx:

FTTX c phn thnh cc loi hnh sau:2.1. Cu hnh dngim - im (Point to Point):

CO

Hnh 1: loi hnh dngim - im

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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T trung tm chuyn mch CO (Center Office) thit lp mt ngtruyn dn bng cp quang ti tn nh khch hng.

Phng n ny phn ra lm 02 loi:

- Loi 1: Kt ni vo h thng IP-DSLAM bng vic lp thm 1 cardmrng h thng IP-DSLAM.

- Loi 2: Lp thm Ethernet Switches layer 2 ti nh cung cpchuyn i thnh tn hiu quang cp cho khch hng.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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u im cu hnh im - im:

Cu hnh n gin. D lp t.

Thit b c gi thnh r, c th tn dng vt t- thit b hin c.

Khng cn o to chuyn su.

c bit cu thtrong giai on u pht trin mng FTTx.

Khuyt im: Chi ph d n cao v cu hnh 1 cp si cho 1 khch hng.

Khi slng thu bao tng ln, kin trc ny khng cn ph hpna bi vic qun l ng truyn vt l cp quang s rt phctp v tn km.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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2.2. Cu hnh dng im - a im (Point to Multipoints): 2 dng:

Mng hnh sao tch cc:

Mng hnh sao thng:Hnh 2: Cu hnh dngim - a im (hnh sao tch cc)

CO

Hnh 3: loi hnh dngim - a im (hnh sao thng)

CO

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Ti CO lp t mt thit b lm vic theo chun PON, cn gi lthit b u cui knh quang OLT (Optical Line Terminal). TOLT tn hiu quang sc chia ra thng qua cc b chia quang(Spliter) truyn n pha thit b khch hng.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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u im cu hnh im - a im:

Tiu chun ha. Nng lc s dng cao. Kin trc n gin. D qun l. Thun li pht trin slng nhiu thu bao cho mt khu vc. Kin trc ny rt ph hp c s dng trong giai on pht trin

ca h thng FTTH. Khuyt im:

Gi thnh thit bu cui, vt tcao. Chi phu t, vn hnh v bo dng mng cao. T chc o to chuyn su cho cc n v thc hin.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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Hnh 4: Cc loi hnh mng FTTx

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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3. Cu trc mng FTTx:

FTTC (Fiber To The Curb): tng tnhmng HFC (Hybrid fibre-coaxial). T CO cp si quang c dn ti tphn phi t trn vah (curb)/ lng (FTTK-Kerb), ngoi ra cn c gi l FTTP- cpquang n ct treo cp (Pole), t tn u cui thit b trong phm vi300m c th s dng mng cp ng hin hu.

FTTN (Fiber To The Node): cp si quang c dn ti im nt

(Node)/ khu ln cn (Neighborhood), ngoi ra cn c gi FTTCab-cp quang n t cp (Cabinet). Tng tnhFTTC, nhng khongcch tNode ti khu vc khch hng th xa hn.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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FTTB/FTTO (Fiber To The Building/Office): c cu trc tng t

nhau v gn ging vi FTTC. im khc bit gia chng lFTTB v FTTO c thit bu cui quang t rt gn vi thubao (khong vi chc mt), ngha l cp si quang c dn tiphng my trung tm ca ta nh cao tng, t thng qua phngtin chuyn i (quang-in) u ni ti tng ngi s dng ringbit.

FTTH (Fiber To The Home): l mt dng hon ton khc, cp siquang c ko ti tn thit bu cui ca thu bao.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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Cp quang Cp kim loi

Hnh 5a: Cc m hnh mng FTTx

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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Hnh 5b: Cc gii php trin khai mng FTTx

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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Hnh 5c: M hnh ng dng trin khai trn mng PON-FTTxti VTTP

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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3.1. FTTH

i vi dch v Internet FTTH l dch v truy nhp Internet siu tc thng qua mng truy nhp quang FTTx. y l cng ngh kt ni bngrng hin i vi ng truyn dn bng cp quang, tn hiu c truyndi dng nh sng i qua si quang, kt ni dch v t nh cung cp ntn nh khch hng.

Nhng tin b nhanh chng trong lnh vc k thut thu pht trn ngtruyn dn cp si quang mra mt tim nng ln trong vic pht trinh tng FTTH. FTTH c xem nhmt gii php hon ho thay thmng cp ng hin ti nhm cung cp cc dch v triple play tc cao, bao gm: thoi, hnh nh, truy cp d liu v cc ng dng khc ihi bng thng ln.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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Hnh 6a: Mt s ng dng trin khai trn FTTH

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M hnh kt ni FTTH: ng dng cho trin khai u cui ONT.- Cp quang ko n nh khch hng v trin khai lp t ONT.- Cc ONT hin hu h tr ti a 04 cng FE/GE in v/hoc 02 giao

tip POTS m bo trin khai cung cp dch v triple-play.- Mng cp nh khch hng bao gm cp ng v cp mng CAT5 sn

c hay ko mi.- Dch v Internet: PC khch hng kt ni trc tip (hay qua mng nh

khch hng) n cng FE/GE in ca ONT, d kin trin khai phngphp xc thc PPPoE da Circuit-ID (08 thng s) v p dng cc gicc FiberVNN ang s dng cho thu bao FTTH.

- Dch v IPTV: trin khai STB kt ni n cng FE/GE in ca ONT,d kin trin khai dch v IPTV ca VASC v Digicom.

- Dch v VoIP: my in thoi POTS kt ni n ONT qua i dy cpng. Cng ngh VoIP da SIP/H.248, d kin dng dch v VoIPcung cp t IMS ca Tp on s trin khai sp ti.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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Hnh 6b: M hnh FTTH ng dng cho trin khai u cui ONT (ti VTTP)

Huawei:

HG850a: 4x10/100 Bate T + 2 POTS (RG)

HG8240: 4x10/100/1000 Bate T + 2 POTS (RG+Static IP)

Alcatel-Lucent:

I-240W-P: 4x10/100/1000 Bate T + 2 POTS + 802.11b/g/n

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3.2. FTTB/C:

M hnh FTTB/C: ng dng cho trin khai u cui ONU.- Cp quang ko n ta nh, cao c, khch sn, khu dn ccao cp, vn

phng cho thu v trin khai lp t ONU. T y, trin khai cci dy cp ng n tn nh/tng lu/phng khch hng v trin khaiVDSL2 CPE v/hoc hp u dy in thoi ti y.

- Cc loi ONU hin hu h tr ti a 8/24 cng VDSL2 v/hoc 08cng POTS (Alcatel-Lucent), ti a 96 VDSL2/256 POTS/128ADSL2+ (Huawei) m bo kh nng trin khai dch v triple-play(Internet, VoIP, IPTV) hoc double-play (Internet, IPTV) ti nh khchhng.

- Mng cp nh khch hng dng mng cp ng sn c hay ko mi.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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Hnh 6c: M hnh FTTB/C ng dng cho trin khai u cui ONU ti VTTP

Huawei:

MA 5616: 96 VDSL2/ 256 POTS/ 128 ADSL2+

Alcatel-Lucent:

O-0881V: 8 VDSL2 + 8 FE/GE + 8 POTS

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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4. So snh mng ADSL v FTTx

4.1. Cp quang v cp ng: Khng nhcp ng truyn tn hiu bng in, cp quang dng nhsng truyn tn hiu. Chnh v s khc bit m cp quang t bnhiu, tc cao v c khnng truyn xa hn. Vic s dng cngngh truyn dn hin i ny cng ang bt u thay th dn mngcp ng ADSL phc v trc tip n ngi s dng.

So vi cp ng, cp quang ch truyn sng nh sng nn khng bnhiu v khng thb nghe trm (tn hiu nh sng t si ny khngb nhiu vi cc si khc trong cng cp, iu ny lm cho chtlng tn hiu tt hn).

suy gim dn/mt tn hiu trong si quang thp hn cc loi cp

si ng:- Suy hao cp ng: 1,4dB/Km (0,5mm)- 1,8dB/Km (0,4mm).- Suy hao cp quang: 0,45 dB/Km.

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Cp quang cng s dng in ngun t hn, v nng lng cp tnhiu trong cp quang nh nn my pht c th s dng ngun thphn thay v ngun pht cao a vo trong cp si ng.

Cp quang rt ti thng tin dng s m c bit hu dng trongmng my tnh.

Cp si quang cng khng chy, v dng in khng th chyxuyn qua cp, do khng c nguy cha hn xy ra.

Tuy vy, cp si quang v cc thit bi km li rt t tin so vicc loi cp ng truyn thng.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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4.2. So snh ADSL v FTTx da trn mt s tiu ch:

Yu t so snh ADSL FTTx

Mi trng truyn tn hiu: Suy hao trn i cp ng cao: 1,40 1,8 dB/Km (vi cp ng c =0,5mm v 0,4mm tng ng).

Suy hao trn si quang thp:thng l 0,45 dB/Km.

n nh: Db suy hao do tn hiu in t, thitit, chiu di cp

Khng b nh hng.

Bo mt: bo mt thp, d b nh cp tnhiu ng dy.

bo mt cao, rt khnh cptn hiu trn ng truyn.

Tc truyn dn (Upload vdownload ):

Bt i xng: Download > UploadTc ti a l 20 Mbps.

Cn bng: Upload = downloadTc cho php: 10 50 Gbps.

Chiu di cp: Ti a l 2,5 km t n nh. n 10 km.

An ton cho thit b: C thb nh hng do st nh, inlan truyn trn ng dy.

Khng nh hng do st nh, inlan truyn trn ng dy.

Kh nng p ng dch v: HostingServer (my ch d/v), VPN (mngo), Truyn d liu, Game Online,IPTV (truyn hnh tng tc), VoD

(xem phim theo yu cu), VideoConferrence (hi ngh truyn hnh),IP Camera:

Khng ph hp v tc thp. p ng hiu qu, rt ph hp vtc rt cao v c th ty bin tc.

Bng thng: Khng th nng cp bng thng trncp ng truyn thng.

D nng cp bng thng m khngcn ko cp quang mi.

TNG QUAN MNG FTTx

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K THUTTRIN KHAI FTTx

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Cc hng chnh trin khai FTTx:

Home Run (Point-to-Point). AON - Active optical network: Mng quang chng/ tch cc.

PON - Passive optical network: Mng quang thng.

K THUT TRIN KHAI FTTx

Hnh 7: Cc hng trin khai mng FTTx

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Hnh 8: Cc hng trin khai mng FTTx

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1. Mng quang Home run:


Hnh 9: Kiu trin khai Home run

Kiu kt ni im-im, cp quang ca trc tip tCO n tn nh ngi sdng. C th dng c AON v PON tytheo cu hnh thit b. y l gii phpn gin nhng t c dng ph bin,bi hiu quthng mi thp, tn km.

Home Run (Point to Point)

CO

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2. Mng quang chng (AON):


Hnh 10: Kiu trin khai AON

AON (Active Optical Network)

EthernetSwitch

CO

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phn phi tn hiu, mch AON s dng cc thit bin phn

tch d liu nh: b chuyn mch (switch), bnh tuyn (router) hocb ghp knh (multiplexer):

- D liu t nh cung cp (hng xung) ca khch hng no chc chuyn n khch hng .

- D liu t pha khch hng (hng ln) s trnh xung t khitruyn trn ng vt l chung bng vic s dng cc b m(ONT) ca cc thit b chng.


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Hu ht cc cc h thng mng AON c gi l Ethernet chng(Active Ethernet). Thut ng ny uc hiu nh kiu kt ni im-im gia thit b chuyn mch Ethernet lp 2 (L2 Switch) ca nhcung cp dch v v thit b ca ngui s dng.

- Cc L2 Switch c thuc t ti CO hoc i khi uc t nhmt t mng gn pha khch hng.

- Thit b chuyn i (Media Converter) c t pha khch hng

c nhim v chuyn i quang in.


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Nhc im:

- Nhc im ln nht ca AON chnh l thit b chuyn mch.Vi cng ngh hin ti, thit b chuyn mch quang bt buc phichuyn tn hiu quang thnh tn hiu in phn tch, x l thngtin ri tip tc chuyn ngc li truyn i. Qu trnh ny s lmgim tc truyn dn trong mng vn l mt th mnh ca FTTx.

- Ngoi ra do y l nhng thit b chuyn mch tc cao nnchng kh t tin, khng ph hp vi vic trin khai i tr chomng truy cp.


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3. Mng quang bng (PON)

3.1. PON l g ?

PON l kiu mng im - a im. Mi khch hng c kt niti mng quang thng qua mt b chia quang th ng, v vykhng c cc thit bin chng trong mng PON v bng thngc chia s t cp nhnh (feeder) n ngi s dng (drop).


Hnh 11a: Mng quang thng (PON)

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Hnh 11b: Mng quang thng (PON)

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Hnh 11c: Cu trc mng quang thng (PON)

20 km - 1:32 splitter or 10 km - 1:64 splitter

Splitter

Splitter

Splitter

PSTNNetwork

Media

Gateway

CENTRAL OFFICECORE NETWORK FIBER DISTRIBUTION CUSTOMER PREMISE

IPTV/VideoHeadEnd

DataNetwork

AnalogVideo

HeadEnd

1550nm

OLT 1490nm

1310nm

IPTV System

WDM

Coupler

STBIPTV

STBIPTV

STBIPTV

STBIPTV

STBIPTV

ONU

ONU

OpticalDistribution

Network

1:n

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3.2. Cc thnh phn mng PON:

a) Thit b u cui knh quang OLT: t trung tm chuyn mch CO/LE.

OLT cung cp (pht) nhiu knh quang, mi knh quang uctruyn trn mt si quang m trn c b chia.

Chc nng:

- Cung cp kt ni giao tip gia h thng mng truy cp quangthng PON v mng quang trc (li) ca cc nh cung cpdch v thoi - d liu - video thng qua h thng qun l EMS(Element Management System).

- thc hin chuyn i tn hiu in s dng bi thit b canh cung cp dch v thnh tn hiu quang c dng bi PONv ngc li.

- phn knh gia nhng thit b kt cui mng ONT/ONU trnmng PON.


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b) Thit b kt cui mng ONT/ONU:

t u cui cp si quang (pha ngui s dng) gn hoc tinh thu bao.

Chc nng:

- Thc hin chuyn i tn hiu quang t PON thnh tn hiuin n ngi s dng v ngc li.

- Cung cp giao tip gia mng thoi - video - d liu ca ngi

s dng vi mng PON.


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Hnh 12: Thit bONT - FTTH

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Hnh 13: Thit bONU - FTTH

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c) B chia quang thng:

L thit b tch ghp thng PS (Passive Splitter) phn phi

tn hiu quang. Thnh phn PS nm gia OLT v ONT/ONU, c t trong t

cp S1 v S2 (kt ni gia cp chnh v cp phi).

Chc nng:

- Thu nhn cc tn hiu quang t OLT (CO).- Chia cc tn hiu quang n cc ONT/ONU (thu bao).


Hnh 14a: B chia quang khi PLC Hnh 14b: B chia quang thanh trn

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d) Mng cp quang:

L h thng cp si quang dng truyn ti tn hiu nh sng.

Thnh phn mng cp si quang nm gia OLT v ONT/ONU (ccb chia quang thng), ct khu vc ngoi vi, theo:

- Phng thc: chn - th cng ngm/bng Maxell - treo.- Nguyn tc phi cp: 01 cp/ 02 cp.

Chc nng: truyn thng t OLT v kt ni ti mi ONT/ONU.

Theo cc bc sng:- 1490nm dng lm bng thng hng xung (downlink) t OLT.

Tn hiu c m ha (trnh ly trm)a ti cc hgia nh.

- 1310nm truyn theo hung ln (uplink) bi mi ONT/ONU. Tnhiu hng ln c kt hp bng vic s dng giao thc atruy nhp phn chia theo thi gian (TDMA) v OLT s iukhin cc ONT/ONU s dng cc khe thi gian ny cho victruyn d liu.


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e) H thng iu khin trung tm CO:

Cung cp a ch v bng thng mt cch tng, cng nhvicm ha c s dng truy tr v phn tch lu lng gia OLTv ONT/ONU.

f) H thng qun l EMS:

t ti trung tm chuyn mch CO (pha nh cung cp dch v).

Chc nng:

- Qun l cc phn t khc nhau ca mng PON.

- Qun l v cu hnh, c tnh v bo mt.

- Cung cp giao din n mng li ca cc nh cung cp dchv thoi - d liu - video.


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3.3. t tnh cng ngh PON:

c tnh ni bt ca cng ngh PON c thc hiu 2 : Kh nng tn dng phng php ghp knh phn chia theo

bc sng WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing). Cung cp bng thng tng gim thiu slng si quang

cn thit cho vic kt ni gia OLT v b chia quang.


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3.4. Cc chun quang thng PON:

ITU-TG.983

APON (ATM PON): y l chun mng PON u tin. N ch yuc s dng cho cc ng dng kinh doanh v da trn truyn dnkhng ng b ATM (asynchronous transmit multiplex).

BPON (Broadband PON): l chun da trn APON. N h tr thmcng ngh WDM, bng thng ginh cho ng ln (uplink) l ngv cao hn.

ITU-TG.984

GPON (Gigabit PON): l s nng cp ca chun BPON. N h trtc cao hn, bo mt c tng cng v sa dng trong vicla chn giao thc lp 2: ATM, GEM, Ethernet.

IEEE802.3ah EPON (Ethernet PON) l mt chun ca IEEE/EFM cho s dng

Ethernet trong vic truyn d liu.


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3.5. Ghp knh phn chia theo di tn trn mng PON:


Hnh 15a: Cu trc TDM-PON

Hnh 15b: Cu trc WDM-PON

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- hng xung (tOLT n ONU), mng PON l mng im-a

im. OLT chim ton bbng thng hng xung.- hng ln, mng PON l mng a im - im. Nhiu ONUtruyn tt c d liu ca chng n mt OLT.

c tnh hng ca b tch ghp thng (Multiplexer):

- L vic truyn thng ca mt ONU skhng c nhn bit bicc ONU khc.

- Tuy nhin cc lung d liu t cc ONU khc nhau c truyncng mt lc cng c thbxung t.

- V vy trong hng ln, PON s s dng mt vi cch ring bittrong knh trnh xung t d liu, ng thi chia s cng bng

ti nguyn v dung lng trung k.


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Mt phng php chia s knh hng ln ca ONU l s dng ghpknh phn chia theo bc sng WDM. Vi phng php ny th miONU s hot ng mt bc sng khc nhau; gii php WDM yucu cn mt b thu iu khin hoc l mt mng b thu OLT nhn cc knh khc nhau.

Tuy nhin nhiu vn kh khn cho cc nh khai thc mng l kimk tng bc sng ca ONU; thay v ch c mt loi ONU, th c

nhiu loi ONU da trn cc bc sng laser ca n. Mi ONU s sdng mt laser hp v rng phiu khin c, nn rt t tin.

Mc khc, nu mt bc sng b sai lch s gy ra nhiu cho cc ONUkhc trong mng PON. Vic s dng Laser iu khin c th khcphc c vn ny nhng qu t cho cng ngh hin ti. Vinhng kh khn nhvy th WDM cha phi l gii php k thut tttheo yu cu hin nay.


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Mt s gii php khc da trn WDM cng c xut nhng gi c

kh cao. Do vy, ghp knh phn chia theo thi gian trn mng PON(TDM: Time Division Multiplexing) ra i.

Trong TDM PON, vic truyn ng thi t vi ONU (hng ln) sgy ra xung t khi n b ghp knh. ngn chn xung t d liu,mi ONU phi truyn trong ca s (khe thi gian) truyn ca n.

Mt thun li ln ca TDM PON l tt c cc ONU c th hot ngcng mt bc sng, OLT cng ch cn mt bthu n. B thu phtONU hot ng tc ng truyn, thm ch bng thng c thdng ca ONU thp hn.

Tuy nhin, c tnh ny cng cho php TDM PON t hiu quthayi bng thng c dng cho tng ONU bng cch thay i kch ckhe thi gian c n nh hoc thm ch s dng ghp knh thng k tn dng ht bng thng c dng ca mng PON.


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Trong mng truy cp thu bao, hu ht cc lung lu lng ln vxung khng phi l Peer to Peer (user to user). V vy iu nydng nhl hp l tch knh ln v xung. Mt phng php ngin da trn ghp knh phn chia khng gian SDM (Space DivisionMultiplexing ) c th tch trn PON khi c cung cp theo hngtruyn ln - xung. tit kim cho si quang v gim chi ph sacha v bo qun, mt si quang c thc s dng cho truyn theo02 hng. Trong trng hp ny, 02 bc sng c dng l: hngln 1 = 1310 nm, hng xung 2 = 1550 nm. Dung lng knh mi bc sng c thphn phi linh ng gia cc ONU.

Ghp knh phn chia theo thi gian TDM l phng php c utin hin nay cho vic chia s knh quang trong mng truy cp khi mn cho php mt bc sng n hng ln v b thu pht n OLT lm cho gii php ny c u thhn v chi ph u t.


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4. So snh gia 2 k thut AON v PON


Hnh 16: So snh AON v PON

70 km 20 km 20 km

V Video cho nhiu thu bao

B C DA D liu/thoi cho mt thu bao

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Hnh 17: GPON v Active Ethernet

H thng chuyn mchTB chuyn mch

Ethernet

10*GigE

10*GigE

10*GigE

2.5/1.2 Gb/s 64*2.4/1.2 Gb/s

24*/100 Mb/s

24*/100 Mb/sCat 5

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4. So snh k thut gia AON v PON

4.1. Cc yu tc em ra so snh:- Tng dung lng bng thng ca mt thu bao c th tn hng.- Cc dch v hai cng ngh cung cp cho ngi s dng u cui.

Nh cp pha trn, PON dng hai buc sng khc nhau: chiuxung bc sng 1490 nm v chiu ln 1310 nm, ring buc sng1550 nm l buc sng chn la s dng cho cc thng tin qung bv tn hiu video s. Ti thi im hin ti, tc chiu xung caPON khong 2.5 Gbps v chiu ln l 1.25 Gbps.


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Nu mt OLT phc v duy nht 01 thu bao th thu bao c thuc tn hng ton bbng thng ny. Tuy nhin trong cc mng trin khai ti mt s nc trn th gii, ngi ta thng thit k tc cho mt thu bao s dng PON vo khong 100 Mbps/downlink v 40Mbps/uplink. Vi tc truy nhp nhvy th qu tha thi cho ccng dng cao cp nhHDTV.

Active Ethernet thng cung cp tc down - up l 100 Mbps ti

mi thu bao, cng c th cung cp tc ln hn vi thit b ucui l GbEthernet, tuy nhin cc thit b h trGbEthernet Switcht hn t nht gp 6 ln so vi active Ethernet thng thng.


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Qua tin hnh vi th nghim gn y bc l khnng hn ch caActive Ethernet l:

- Khi download 1 b phim HDTV 5.8 GB, khong 47 Gigabitsthng tin cn truyn ti, GPON mt 2 pht cn Active Ethernetmt 8 pht vi cng tc truyn 100 Mbps. Mt trong nhngiu ng thuyt phc cc nh khai thc trin khai GPON chnh l khnng Broadcast TV v IPTV nhvo buc sng 1550nm (qung b TV s v analog), trong khi Active Ethernet ch htr IPTV. S khc bit ln nht ca GPON v Active Ethernetnm kha cnh u tv hiu qu kinh t.

- cho cng t uc khong cch ti thu bao l 20Km, ActiveEthernet cn thit trn 4Watts/port; trong khi GPON cn khngti 1Watt. Ni mt cch n gin Active Ethernet cn ngun cung

cp gp 4 ln GPON v cn h thng iu ha gp 4 ln GPON.- Ngoi ra v din tch v s lung thit b GPON t ra cng tn

km hn Active Ethernet nhiu.


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Khai thc, vn hnh GPON Active Ethernet

S lng khch hng trungbnh trn h thng

2048 720

Khong cch xa nht 20 km (tiu biu) 10 km (tm ngn)

Tc down cc i 2.5 Gb/s 100 Mb/s

Tc down trung bnh trn

mt cng

40 2300 Mb/s 12 100 Mb/s

Tc up cc i 1.25 Gb/s 100 Mb/s

Tc up trung bnh trnmt cng

35 1150 Mb/s 3 50 Mb/s

Qun lT/hp cp nh ng bchia (1:64), khng cnngun nui

T rack ln ng switch,cn ngun nui (c acquydphng) cung cp

Chc nng h tr H trCATV, IP video Ch IP video

Bng 2: So snh mt s tiu ch c th gia GPON v Active Ethernet

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4.2. u im ca PON:

Vi kin trc PON s lm gim chi phu tmng cp quang vcc thit b ti CO do n cho php nhiu ngi s dng chia schung mt si quang.

B chia quang khng cn cp ngun, loi b hon ton chi ph vicdng ngun in ngoi vi nui; c gi thnh r v lp t btku, khng ph thuc cc iu kin mi trng.

K c vic cung cp rt t nng lng cho cc thit b gia phngmy trung tm CO v pha ngi s dng.

Gim c chi ph vn hnh - bo dng.


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4.3. Nhc im ca PON:

Thiu tnh hi t IP (IP convergence).

AON c th trin khai cu hnh mng Ring s to nn ng linkt dphng. Trong khi PON duy nht ch c mt kt ni giaOLT v splitter, nu kt ni ny b li th ton bONT khng ccung cp dch v.


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CC DCH VMNG FTTx

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Cc nh cung cp dch v ang s dng mng FTTx nhmt trongnhng cng c hu hiu ca chin lc cnh trnh cung cp b 3dch v (Triple Play), bao gm: thoi - d liu - video trn nn IP.

Cc cng ngh s dng to dng cc mng FTTx bao gm c ccmng quang thng, cc ng dy thu bao s (DSL) v cc cngngh nn video u tip cn n mc gi c cnh tranh.

Do yu cu trin khai mng FTTx khng qu kh khn, cc nh

cung cp dch v phi bo m dch v Triple Play m h cung cphot ng hon ho. Nu mng csh tng FTTx c trin khaim cht lng li khng cao th cc nh cung cp dch v sphi imt vi nguy cvnh vin mt i cc khch hng trung thnh vo taycc i th cnh tranh, nhng ngi cung cp cc gi dch vtng tnhng vi cht lng cao hn.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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1. Xy dng cc khi b ba dch v (Triple Play):

Cc dch v Triple Play c thc cung cp nh nhiu cng nghtruy cp khc nhau trn cng mt mng FTTx:

- FTTx thc ra l mt tp hp cc kin trc mng mi c thit k mang cc dch vbng rng n vi khch hng.

- Si quang c s dng trong tt c cc kt ni t nh cung cpn khch hng (ging nhkin trc FTTP (Premise)).

- i vi cng ngh xDSL, v dADSL2+ c dng nhng Kmcui nhm kt ni t nt quang ti thit b khch hng (CPE).

Thc t, hu ht cc mng FTTx, si quang, cp ng, cp ng trc,giao tip khng dy (wireless) hoc mt vi s kt hp ca nhng

phng tin ny s mang cc tn hiu truyn ti cc ng dng TriplePlay ti cc thit b mng tch hp, cc my thu hnh v cc b chuyni trong cc ng dng VoIP v thoi thng thng.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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Khi trin khai cc dch v Triple Play theo kin trc FTTx th vickim tra tt c cc phng tin truyn dn vt l c s dng, cbit quan trng l phn mng truy cp bng cp ng.

- Vic kim tra nhiu lp ca mng cng vi cc ng dng cung cpphi c tin hnh trong ton bvng i ca mng, tgiai onlp t, cung cp dch v v bo m dch v.

- kim tra lp vt l cng nhcc ng dng trong ton b chu k

sng ca mng phi s dng nhiu loi thit b v phng php okhc nhau nhiu im khc nhau trn mng.

Trong giai on lp t mng, cn tin hnh:

- Xc nh c tnh si quang.- Cc thng tin v suy hao chn (insertion loss) v suy hao phn x

ngc (optical return loss).

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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Trong giai on cung cp dch v, cn tin hnh:

- o cng sut quang.- Hiu sut truyn d liu xDSL.- nh gi cht lng thoi, video v d liu.

Khi mng c trin khai v cung cp cc dch v, vic kim tram bo dch v tr thnh mt yu cu bt buc. Cc k thut vintrn tuyn phi c khnng:

- Thc hin nh gi dch vu cui-u cui.- Xc nh v cch ly cc li s c chnh xc.- H trqu trnh phn tch v tc ng khc phc s c hiu qu.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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CC DCH V MNG FTTx

Hnh 18: Cc kin trc dch v mng FTTx

Splitter

Splitter

Splitter

Splitter

OLT

OLT

DSLAM

ONU

ONU

ONU

ONT

ONT

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2. Kim tra cc dch v Triple Play:

Tng t nh vic trin khai lp vt l, vic trin khai cc dch vTriple Play c thc hin theo ba giai on khc nhau:

- Lp t cc thnh phn mng v nh gi sb cht lng mng.- Cung cp dch v ti khch hng.- Bo tr, bo m dch v.

Mi giai on trong vng i ca mng li mang n nhng thchthc khc nhau cho mi dch v Triple Play.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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2.1. Dch v IP Video

Trc khi cung cp dch v IP video, nh cung cp phi xc nh sph hp mng truy cp ca khch hng vi dch v IP video:

- Xc nh cc c ch qun l lp dch v video, v d: vic phnchia nhn VLAN, lp k hoch m bo lu lng ti.

- Nng cp thit b DSLAM h tr chc nng thu pht gi v

chc nng IP multicast.- Thit lp cu hnh mng truy cp c th h tr yu cu bng

thng i vi dch vIP video. c bit, n phi tha mn cyu cu ng thi truyn 3 knh video.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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Sau khi cc vn trn c gii quyt, tin trnh cung cp cc

thnh phn cn thit ca mng v vic kt ni c th bt u. Ccthnh phn mng cn lp tvk im tra bao gm:

- Cc Gateway thit b DSLAM.- Gateway pha khch hng.- Cc dy mng i trong nh khch hng.- B gii m tn hiu truyn hnh s STB (Set Top Box).

Ngoi ra, vic nh gi li cht lng ca lin kt mng truy cp cngcn tin hnh.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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Khi to mi v cung cp dch v IP video, cn phi:

- nh gi v thu thp thng tin v cht lng dch v v cc lithng xy ra phbin.

- Vic khc phc s c da trn nhng tnh hung gi lp phic thc hin trc khi hon tt vic ci t dch v.

- Trng hp l tng nht l phi lu li cc bn bo co o kimca khu ny trong qu trnh trin khai dch v sau ny dngtham chiu cho cc hot ng bo tr v bo m dch v. Sdng d liu c lu li ny s gp phn ci thin ng kthi gian sa cha, khc phc s c, m nh khch hng cs dng dch v cht lng n nh.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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ci thin qu trnh lp t mng v dch v, cc thit bo kim c

th gip k thut vin trn tuyn kim tra 03 tham s trc khi cungcp dch v IP video, bao gm:

- Hiu sut ng xDSL.- Cung cp dch v video.- Cht lng dch v video (QoS: Quality Service).

Thit b phi c kh nng m phng STB ca khch hng, ly cclung d liu chng trnh video v xc nh tnh hp chun ca ccgi trQoS c thit lp bi nh cung cp dch v cho mi tham s.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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Cc k t quo kim QoS Video hin th trn thit bo s cho bit ttc cc tham s quan trng nh hng ti lung video. V d:

- Nu jitter tham chiu ng hchng trnh PCR (Program ClockReference) cao, b gii m khng th gii m ng ti video.

- Vn tri vi IGMP nh hng ti thi gian cn chuyni gia cc knh video qung b, y l mt yu t quan trnglin quan n cm nhn ca khch hng v cht lng dch v m

h nhn c (customer experience).- S gi tin b mt trong lung truyn dn video c o bng b ch

th li lin tip, y l tham s quan trng nht trong s 3 tham s.

Thit b cng nn c kh nng thit lp cc gii hn t/Khng t(Pass/Fail) cho mi tham s ny, lm tng tnh chc chn cho tng cchotng vn hnh thc t v gip ci thin qu trnh m bo dchv IP video.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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khc phc s c IP video, c th s dng thit bo kim phthin trng hp li IP, nh:

- Li im nh video hoc li ng hnh: 02 li ny xy ra l domt gi d liu, jitter gi qu ln hoc c hai. Nu kim tra khngpht hin ra li no lp vt l ca lin kt truy cp th c thvic mt gi xy ra ng ln (upstream) ca DSLAM.

- Jitter PCR lin quan ti mt knh video, xc nh vn xy ra headend, vi vic chn thm cc Local Ad hoc vi cc hot ngchuyn i m tn hiu ngun.

- Vic mt gi tin gy ra nhiu nh hng khc nhau. V d: -Numt mt gi mang khung B trong mt tn hiu video MPEG-2 chnh hng ti mt hoc hai khung ca lung video. -Nu mt mt

gi mang khung I th s nh hng tt c cc khung cho ti tnkhung I tip theo. Thng 14 15 khung b nh hng ty thucvo thit lp kch thc nhm hnh (Group of Picture/GOP).

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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Vic gim st lin tc lung cc gi tin l cn thit m bo rngcc ng dng IP video t ti cht lng m cc khch hng trng it nhng nh cung cp dch v video cnh tranh. Yu cu v chtlng m h mong mun nhn c phi tt hn hoc t nht l bngvi cht lng m h nhn c trc .

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

Hnh 19: Cu trc mt mng IP Video

Videoheadend

Core NetworkMetro Network

Access Network

Customer PremiseBroadbandRemoteAccessServer

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2.2. Dch v thoi IP

Mun to v cung cp mt ng dng thoi IP cho doanh nghip th:- Phi xc nh c tnh ph hp ca mng doanh nghip gia lu

lng nhy cm vi tr ca dch v VoIP, nh: Cc tnh nng lpdch vphi tn ti trong cc bnh tuyn (router) v mng phic sa i/lp t li ph hp vi lu lng thoi thm vo.

- K hoch ti lu lng c th nh hng ti thit b mng, c bitl cc yu cu vbng thng giao din WAN.

- Cc tha thun mc dch v mi SLA (Service Level Agreement)cn c thit lp.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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Trong giai on trin khai dch v thoi IP, k thut vin cn tp trungthc hin cc ni dung sau:

Lp t v kim tra:

- Cc thit b truy cp tch hp IAD (Integrated Access Device).- Cng (Gateway) thoi.- B nh tuyn (Router).- in thoi IP.

Kim tra lp vt l ca cc lin kt WAN. Theo :

- Cc thnh phn mng v cc kt ni cn thit c cung cp.- ng cp mi c lp t cho nhng im kt cui mi (cc

in thoi IP hoc cc b chuyn i adapter).

Kim tra - x l li v cc vn lin quan n cht lng dch vQoS VoIP trc khi hon tt vic cung cp dch v cho khch hngv b tr cc in thoi IP theo thc t.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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Xc nh tnh kt ni t khch hng ti cc gateway bo hiu cung

cp dch v v xc nh cht lng cuc gi:- C thnh gi cht lng cuc gi bng cch thc hin: Cc

cuc gi kim tra trong ni b mng IP (on-network test call)v cc cuc gi sang mng PSTN (off-network test call).

- Cc tham s cuc gi quan trng cn kim tra gm: tr gi, mtgi v jitter. Tuy nhin, h snh gi trung bnh MOS (MeanOpinion Score) l tham s SLA (tha thun mc dch v) quantrng nht c s dng o tng th cht lng VoIP.

Cc chuyn giao mng gia mng gi v mng TDM thng cqun l bi mt chuyn mch gateway thoi l nhng im kimtra quan trng trong tt c cc mng.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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giai on m bo dch v, rt nhiu yu t c th lm gim chtlng dch v VoIP, bao gm:

- Vn lin quan ti khu vc mng pha khch hng gy ra bi bm thoi.

- Hiu sut ca b x l DSP.- Thit b thu/pht m thanh.- Hiu sut hot ng ca b loi b ting vng trong mng.

Tng tnhvi ng dng IP video, cn phi thu thp cc bo cokt quo giai on ny v lu li s dng trong tng lai. Khixy ra s c dch v th nhng bn bo co ny s gip rt ngn thigian gii quyt s c.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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2.3. Dch v dliu IP Internet

cung cp dch v d liu IP Internet ti cc thu bao FTTx th:- Mi khch hng cn c thit lp mt ti khon cung cp dch v

Internet ISP (Internet Service Provider Account ISP Account).

- i vi k hoch v lu lng ti cng cn c sa i phhp vi lung d liu c thm vo. Cc my ch truy cp dchv bng rng u xa (Broadband Remote Access Server BRAS) sb nh hng, do vic hoch nh bng thng v nhtuyn/iu khin phi c hon thin.

- Bn cnh vic thit lp kt ni ti cc nh cung cp dch v vcung cp cc thnh phn mng cn thit cho lung d liu tng

thm v x l lp dch v (CoS) th cc cng DSLAM c thccu hnh li h tr tuyn tr kp (dual-latency path) trong mitrng ng dng hn hp ny.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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kt thc qu trnh ci t, k thut vin phi nh gi:

- Hiu sut hot ng lp vt l DSL (ng truyn).- Mc kt ni ti ISP (nh cung cp dch v).- Thng lng ca dch v d liu FTP.

Vic ny c tin hnh bng cch s dng cng c kim tra vi khnng tch hp trnh duyt Web (Web Browser) v thng lng FTP:

- S dng cc tp tin (file) kim tra c th la chn ngi s dng

dch v v tin hnh kim tra cng ln v ng xung.- Thc hin bi o thng lng FTP kim tra hiu sut ca lin kt

st vi cc m hnh trin khai trong thc t hn l ch kim tran gin mi ng xung ca lin kt.

- Thc hin bi kim tra HTTP s dng mt trnh duyt Web cngc li trong vic m bo rng kt ni/truy cp ISP ca ngidng u cui vn chy hon ho.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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Mt khi dch v d liu IP Internet c trin khai th chnh xc

ca dch v cung cp cng cn phi c nh gi xem c hp chunhay khng. V mt ln na, cc bn bo co vbt k s c hay vn g u nn c lu li s dng lm ti liu tham kho v qunl trong tng lai.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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2.4. Gi Triple Play cn Bo kim c 3 dch v (Triple Testing)

Vic kim tra phi c thc hin nhiu lp, bao gm:- Lp vt l.- Lp lin kt d liu.- Lp mng.- Lp ng dng.

Nu chn thun kim tra lp vt l mng truy cp th khng thpht hin ra cc vn QoS tim n m c th nh hng ti ccng dng da trn gi Triple Play.

Hin nhin l vic truyn gi tin chu nh hng ca lung gi ucui ti u cui. Cc nh cung cp dch v trin khai cc mngFTTx cn c chin lc hon chnh v dch v v o kim tin cyda trn s hiu bit su sc v ng dng c cung cp theo s lp t, cung cp v bo dng cht lng ca cc dch v.

CC DCH V MNG FTTx

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XU HNGPHT TRIN

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Vi nhng u im c phn tch cc phn trn, cng vi nhucu pht trin ca x hi hin nay th xu hng trin khai mng FTTxgn nhl iu tt yu cc nh cung cp dch v v khai thc mngvin thng c tn ti v pht trin.

Trong tng lai gn FTTH s dn thay th ADSL khi bng thngADSL khng sc cung cp ng thi cc dch v trc tuyn trongcng mt thi im. FTTH s cung cp 1 IP tnh thch hp cho ccdoanh nghip t chc trin khai d dng cc dch v trc tuyn nhIPCamera, lu tr mail, truyn d liu tc cao...

XU HNG PHT TRIN

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Theo mt bo co mi nht ca Heavy Reading:

- S hgia nh s dng kt ni bng rng FTTH trn ton th giistng trng hng nm trn 30%. Hin Nht Bn, Trung Quc vM l cc quc gia i u trong lnh vc bng rng s dng cngngh cp quang ny.

- Cng nghFTTH c hn 20 triu kt ni ton cu, ch tnh ring3 nc ni trn c khong 6 triu thu bao. Ti chu cnh gi l thtrng c tim nng pht trin mnh; theo don,vo cui nm 2012, ring chu s c 54 triu kt ni FTTH, tiptheo l chu u/ khu vc Trung ng/ chu Phi vi 16 triu, rin Bc M v Nam M vi 15 triu. Hin nay, qu trnh chuyni sang FTTH ang c thc hin nhiu nc, gm: anMch, Php, Hng Kng, Nht Bn, Hn Quc, Thy in, iLoan v M.

XU HNG PHT TRIN

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i vi mng vin thng ca Vit Nam cng ang trn pht trinmnh m, c bit nc ta ang nm trong khu vc pht trin nng vFTTH. Vi nhng iu kin thun li nhvy, nu chng ta c squy hoch v trin khai c h thng, ng b vi vic pht trin csh tng, chc rng nc ta s sm bt kp nhp pht trin tng ngyca nn cng ngh v thng tin vin thng ca th gii. Ngoi ra,FTTH cn chim u th tuyt i trong qu trnh ngm ha mng vinthng, mt xu th tt yu ang din ra nc ta.

XU HNG PHT TRIN

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XU HNG PHT TRIN

Hnh 20: Tlbng rng trn th gii theo thng k nm 2007

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7. M-NG_FTTx

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Transcript of 7. M-NG_FTTx