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Desierto de los Leones (Desert of the Lions) National Park is located entirely within the limits of

theFederal District, it stretches betweenCuajimalpaandlvaro Obregnboroughs.[1]It is located in

theSierra de las Crucesmountain range west of the city center with an area of

1,867hectares,[2]representing fifteen percent of the entire Valley of Mexico.[3]The area was used

as a retreat for a religious group, thus the name Desierto (Desert) means not "arid place", but not

populated. The "Leones" part of the name does not refer to the animals, but rather to the original

landlord's lastname.[4]

The park's altitude varies between 2,600 and 3,700 meters above sea level,[1]giving the area a

relatively cold and damp climate. It is a forested area primarily with pines,oyamel firsandholm

oakswith many brooks, ravines and waterfalls.[3]The park is considered to be the oldest

protectedbiospherein Mexico. It was

The park's name, Desierto de los Leones is largely due theCarmelitemonasterysituated just north

of its center. Carmelite monks called their residences deserts.[6]but the exact origin of de los

Leones is not known.[7]The first monastery complex was constructed between 1606 and

1611.[7]By 1711, this structure had deteriorated greatly. It was demolished and a new one was built

in its place adjoining just south of the original complex.[6]By the end of the 18th century, the cold,

damp weather[6]and increasingly frequent visitors forced the monks to move their monastery

toTenancingoin 1801.[8]The monastery was declared a national monument on 16 May 1937.[9]The

18th century structure has a number of areas that have been restored and opened to the public.[6]In

addition to the old monastery, the park attracts visitors for the nature that surrounds the

complex.[5]The park offers activities such as day camping, overnight camping, hiking,[1]andmountain biking.[10]The forest area of the park has deteriorated due to natural and man-made

reasons.[7]There is a insect plague in many of the trees, and insufficient vigilance and control of

access has led to the park being used for pasture, garbage dumping,[1]logging, and off-

pathmountain bikingby the parks neighbors.[3]The monastery was built in the very early 17th

century for a group of Carmelite monks who came from Italy to evangelize the Native

Americans.[3]They received the financial backing of Don Melchor de Cullar.[6]Originally Melchor

stipulated that the monastery be built ten leagues from the city ofPuebla. However, in these

mountains, then known as Santa Fe, an image ofJohn the Baptistreportedly appeared inSan

Mateo Tlaltenangobefore Friar Juan de la Madre de Dios. This caused Cuellar to accept this

location for the monastery. Pedro Corts, the Marquis de Valle de Oaxaca By the end of the 18th

century, the inclement weather[6]and increasingly frequent visitors forced the monks to move their

monastery to Tenancingo in 1801,[8]taking with them the remains of their original benefactor Don

Melchor de Cullar.[6]The ceded their rights to the land to the newly independent Mexican

government in the early 19th century. In 1845,General Santa Annabegan to use the area for

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to_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-marquesa-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-marquesa-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-marquesa-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-ecoturismo-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-ecoturismo-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-ecoturismo-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_bikinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_bikinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_bikinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puebla,_Pueblahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puebla,_Pueblahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puebla,_Pueblahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_the_Baptisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_the_Baptisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_the_Baptisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Mateo_Tlaltenango&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Mateo_Tlaltenango&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Mateo_Tlaltenango&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Mateo_Tlaltenango&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-lonely-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-lonely-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-lonely-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_L%C3%B3pez_de_Santa_Annahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_L%C3%B3pez_de_Santa_Annahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_L%C3%B3pez_de_Santa_Annahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_L%C3%B3pez_de_Santa_Annahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-lonely-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Mateo_Tlaltenango&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Mateo_Tlaltenango&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_the_Baptisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puebla,_Pueblahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_bikinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones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military exercises and as barracks for his artillery corps. Later, the main church of the complex was

gutted, and in its place was a glass factory, which also operated as a foundry for counterfeit

coins.[11]

During theMexican Revolution, the site was occupied by rebel forces.[12]The monastery was

declared a national monument on 16 May 1937.[9]The 18th century structure has a number of areas

that have been restored and open to the public. Just inside the main entrance is the Patio de la

Hosteria. In one of the walls surrounding this patio there is a stone from the 17th century structure

inscribed to the memory of its patron Melchor de Cullar.[6]In the middle of the structure is the

dining area. Here, there is a prominent shelf on which was displayed a human skull to remind the

monks of the fragility of mortal life and to encourage them not to enjoy their food too much. For

many years, the displayed skull

During theMexican Revolution, the site was occupied by rebel forces.[12]The monastery was

declared a national monument on 16 May 1937.[9]The 18th century structure has a number of areas

that have been restored and open to the public. Just inside the main entrance is the Patio de la

Hosteria. In one of the walls surrounding this patio there is a stone from the 17th century structure

inscribed to the memory of its patron Melchor de Cullar.[6]In the middle of the structure is the

dining area. Here, there is a prominent shelf on which was displayed a human skull to remind the

monks of the fragility of mortal life and to encourage them not to enjoy their food too much. For

many years, the displayed skull belonged to a Brother Damian de San Basilio, a brother of the

monastery, which was put there in honor of his virtue.[6]Only the outside of monasterys church can

be seen as the interior has not been restored. On its faade, the shield of the Carmelite Order and astain glass window depictingMount Carmelcan be seen. In the center of this faade, there used to

be an image of theOur Lady of Mount Carmelwith niches containing statues of the

prophetsElijahandElisha. The first stone from the earlier monastery is embedded here, inscribed

to honor Viceroy Mendoza y Luna, who authorized the monasterys founding. The choirhad an

altarpiece with a life-sized crucifix and served as the main altar. This crucifix was called the Lord of

the Seven Fortunes and was surrounded by paint ings depicting Under the monastery isthe basement area, which is almost completely dark, damp andcold.[7][12]Although widely believed to have been used for

punishment, they were built to allow water from nearby springs toflow underneath and be used for mundane purposes such aswatering the gardens and cleaning.[6]This cold running water alsoallowed them to use parts of the basement area to refrigeratefoods.[11]Outside the main gate of the monastery, just beyond thetraces of the walls of the original monastery, is the Chapel of

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Secrets. It has a domed roof and its acoustics allowed monks faceinto the corner to speak to another monk during the long stretches ofimposed silence in the monastery.[6]Surrounding the entire complexis the Barda de la Excomunicacion (Wall ofExcommunication)

named so because supposedly any woman that crossed it wassubject to excommunication from theCatholic Church.[8]

Ten smallhermitageswere built with the monastery and are namedSan Jos, San Elias, San Juan Bautista, Santa Mara Magdalena,Santa Soledad, San Alberto, Getseman, de la Trinidad, San Juande la Cruz and Santa Bibiana. They are small, with anoratory, abed, a small kitchen and a wall surrounding the building. Thehermitage of Santa Bibiana was replaced with a chapel.[9]Three of

the closest hermitages are La Soledad, La Trinidad and Getsemaniwith a path leading to them from the monastery.[8]The structurefurthest from the monastery is the chapel/hermitage built at the topof San Miguel Peak.[3]

[edit] The park is located in the Federal District of Mexico City distributed between the boroughs of

Cuajimalpa and lvaro Obregn. Its altitude varies between 2,600 and 3,700 meters above sea

level.[1]The park is seven km long, three km wide with an area of 1,867 hectares.[2]It is one of the

most important natural areas of the Federal District, protecting much of the Sierra de las Cruces

mountain range[2]

and represents about 15% of theValley of Mexico.[3]

The climate of the park isrelatively cold and damp due to its altitude.[3]It rains here daily much of the year and fog is common

year round.[12]Because of this climate and the rugged terrain,[2]it has manyravines, brooks,

streams[3]and a number ofwaterfalls.[7][12]Plant life is dominated by pines, oyamel firs and holm

oaks,[3]which are broken up bymeadows.(resdesc) Other flora includeHartweg's

PineSigesbeckia,alchemilla procumbens,sage,little leaf

snowberries,muhlenbergia,festuca,calamagrostis,lupins,beard-tongue,ragwort,muly,

andoaks.[1]Animal life in the park has decreased significantly since it was established. Animals that

can still be found includeraccoons, rabbits,squirrels,[7]white-tailed deer,lynxes,ring-tailed

cats,coyotes, grey foxes,skunks, bats,long-tailed shrews,salamanders,rattlesnakesand

lizards[1][3]There are a number of species of birds[7]includingbluebirds,American

Robins,sparrowhawks,red-tailed hawks,turkey buzzards,kestrels,peregrine falconsandsong

thrushes. The park is considered to be the oldest protected biosphere in Mexico. It was originally

declared a forest reserved in 1876 by President Lerdo de Tejada with the intent of conserving its

fresh water springs to supply Mexico City. It was later declared a national park on 27 November

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weg%27s_Pinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartweg%27s_Pinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigesbeckiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigesbeckiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigesbeckiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphoricarposhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphoricarposhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphoricarposhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphoricarposhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhlenbergiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhlenbergiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhlenbergiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festucahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festucahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festucahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calamagrostishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calamagrostishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calamagrostishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penstemonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penstemonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penstemonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneciohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneciohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneciohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhlenbergiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhlenbergiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhlenbergiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raccoonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raccoonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raccoonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciurus_aureogasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciurus_aureogasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring-tailed_Cathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring-tailed_Cathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring-tailed_Cathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring-tailed_Cathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coyoteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coyoteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coyoteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skunkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skunkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skunkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-tailed_shrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-tailed_shrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-tailed_shrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattlesnakeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattlesnakeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattlesnakeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluebirdshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluebirdshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluebirdshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Robinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Robinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Robinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparrowhawkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparrowhawkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparrowhawkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-tailed_hawkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-tailed_hawkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-tailed_hawkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey_buzzardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey_buzzardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey_buzzardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kestrelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kestrelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kestrelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_falconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_falconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_falconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Thrushhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Thrushhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Thrushhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Thrushhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Thrushhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_Thrushhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_falconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kestrelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey_buzzardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-tailed_hawkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparrowhawkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Robinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Robinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluebirdshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattlesnakeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-tailed_shrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skunkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coyoteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring-tailed_Cathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring-tailed_Cathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciurus_aureogasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raccoonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhlenbergiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneciohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penstemonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calamagrostishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festucahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhlenbergiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphoricarposhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphoricarposhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigesbeckiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartweg%27s_Pinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartweg%27s_Pinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-mexdes-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfallshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-destinos-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-zenko-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley_of_Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-destinos-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-destinos-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-redesc-0http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-carreon-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-lonely-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-indaaba-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oratoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermitage_(religious_retreat)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-lonely-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excommunicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_los_Leones_National_Park#cite_note-cuajimalpa-5

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1917 by President Venustiano Carranza who was motivated by the areas landscape and the

cultural value of the abandoned monastery which lends its name to the park.[1][3][5][7]The park

remained under federal management until 2000, when Secretary of the Environment, Natural

Resources and FiThe ex-monastery occasionally holds art exhibits, but the parks main attraction is

the nature that surrounds the complex.[5]The park offers activities such as day camping, overnightcamping, hiking,[1]and mountain biking.[10]Facilities include picnic tables, grills, childrens

playgrounds.[1][10]There are also shops selling wood handcrafts and restaurants near the old

monastery.[5]

[edit]Problems of the park

The forest area of the park has deteriorated due to natural and man-made reasons.[7]Some of the

natural problems include the arrival of alarvathat strips barks from trees[7]and residual problems

from a forest fire in 1998, which destroyed about 450 hectares in the higher elevations of the park.

Now there is a fire station called Brigada Regional Uno de la Delegacin Cuajimalpa in the

community of La Venta and an observation tower at San Miguel peak to watch for fires.[3]There are

also trees that are dying from acid rain.[3]Other problems are man-made, as there is insufficient

control over human activities in the forest.[1]No one lives in the park proper but urban development

has nearly surrounded the entire forest and over 16,000 people live right on the parks

borders.[1][3]There is insufficient vigilance and control of access especially in the southern

section.[1]Parts of the park are being

shing gave control of the park to the government of Mexico City.(correon)

los Leones son de la Vida salvage y son muy rapidos se comen carne pero lo llaman

el rey de la selva aun que se muera naseran mas para ser el rey de la selvaBy 1711, this

structure had deteriorated greatly due to the areas dampness, a number of fires and a strong

earthquake. It was demolished and new one built in its place. A one story structure was built

adjoining south of the old site, with the old site becoming a large patio area just outside the main

entrance of the new structure.[6]On 8 February 1712, Brother Pedro del Espirit laid the first stone

of the new monastery. Work continued under Manuel de Herrera and was finished by Jos Antonio

de Roa.[9]At the same time, ten small hermitages were built in the forest outside of the monasteries

walls.[6]

By the end of the 18th century, the inclement weather[6]and increasingly frequent visitors forced the

monks to move their monastery to Tenancingo in 1801,[8]taking with them the remains of their

original benefactor Don Melchor de Cullar.[6]The ceded their rights to the land to the newly

independent Mexican government in the early 19th century. In 1845,General Santa Annabegan to

use the area for military exercises and as barracks for his artillery corps. Later, the main church of

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8/3/2019 6631 de Los Leones

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the complex was gutted, and in its place was a glass factory, which also operated as a foundry for

counterfeit coins.[11]

Hay 6631 como se muera el otro nunca se acabaraDuring theMexican Revolution, the site wasoccupied by rebel forces.[12]The monastery was declared a national monument on 16 May1937.[9]The 18th century structure has a number of areas that have been restored and open to the

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