100~200 nm 200~400 nm 400~800 nm 800~2500 nm 2500~3500 nm

(Lambert-beer)A= I0=I=cm-1.m-1C=(mol) l=(cm)

:

A= c100ml l=(cm)

1) () 2) () 3) 4) 5)

() E = h E = hC / E C h

8.38 104~8.38 105 (J/mol) (4.19105286nm) 4.19103~2.09104 (J/mol)419~41.9 (J/mol) ,, , E,E,,.

,,

(), s0,,(Franck-Condon)(s0v0 )IIIIII,IIIIII,(a),,,,,(b),(c),,(d)

:;;n,,

a.(chromophore)()CCCONO2 b.(auxochrome)()()OH NH2Cl c.(bathochromic shift) (red shift)

d.(hypsochromic shift) (blue shift) e.(hyperchromic effect) f.(hypochromic effect)

A. a. * 125nm135nm b. n *

B. * *165nm173nmC. * * n *n *n *

A. * K(konjugierte)K10000

(K)

UV 104CH2=CHCO2H 2001.0CH3CH=CHCO2H 2051.4 =CHCO2H 2201.42222175CH3(CH=CH)2CO2H 2542.52563018208CH3(CH=CH)3CO2H 2943.72866018208CH3(CH=CH)4CO2H 3324.93169018208

* IIIII

BE CH2OH(CH2)nOHCH2NH2CH2 CH2phCH2CHOCH2CH=CH2CH2CH2

BEB

B200250nmK(10000)BK E2 NO2>CHO>COCH3>CO2H>COO->CN

a. ()

() 251nm2000

ABABABBBApAAB() CACBCABCACBAB

220800nm() 220250nm(10000)K( )

250290nm 250350nm 300nm

a.KBR

b.

C.

n*

*(n*)

E2(204nm)

PH(Sadtler)

A1A2B12B1CS2CH3CHO C5H10N2S2 UVNH3

(A)(B)max2762.1104 2468103max2178000ABUVAmax2881.28104 2438000

235248nm260283nm

UV-1201UV----1201

UV----1201

10

1---2 ---110

1

AB10000C

2aB

3A ---

b 100++PV

10

AbsT%

2

a2a3a4

0.1g/l10.1g/l1

a. b. c. d. e. f. 340800nm