5 bunebamaswavleblis wigni

maia bliaZe

rusudan axvlediani

Sinaarsi

1. koncefcia ...................................................................................................................................5

2. wlis bolos misaRwevi Sedegebi da maTi indikatorebi .................................................8

3. saxelmZRvanelos Sesatyvisoba erovnul saswavlo gegmasTan .................................15

4. meToduri rekomendaciebi maswavleblebisTvis – bunebismetyvelebis

swavlebis meTodebi ...................................................................................................................18

5. gakveTilis dagegmva ..............................................................................................................43

6. gakveTilebis scenarebi .......................................................................................................61

Tavi I bunebis Seswavlis meTodebi ......................................................................................63

Tavi II garemosTan Segueba .....................................................................................................75

Tavi III moZraoba da siCqare ...................................................................................................90

Tavi IV mzis sistema ..................................................................................................................97

Tavi V ekosistemebi ................................................................................................................118

Tavi VI dedamiwa .......................................................................................................................129

Tavi VII kvebiTi jaWvebi .........................................................................................................166

Tavi VIII eleqtroba ................................................................................................................174

7. rekomendebuli Sefaseba bunebismetyvelebaSi ..........................................................181

8. Semajamebeli testebi da pasuxebi ..................................................................................199

9. Semajamebeli testebis pasuxebi .....................................................................................230

10. damatebiTi masala maswavleblisaTvis .......................................................................261

63

Tavi I bunebis Seswavlis meTodebi

gakveTili 1

Tema: bunebis SDeswavlis meTodebi

gakveTilis saTauri: mecniereba da mecnierebi

gakveTilis mizani: moswavle gaecnos sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebs, maTi kvlevis xerxebs, dasvas kiTxvebi, dasaxos gzebi da gamoi-yenos sabunebismetyvelo terminebi, sxvadasxva wyaro dasmul kiTxvebze pasuxebis mosaZebnad;

kavSiri esg-is standartis SedegTan da indikatorebi: bun.V.1. moswavlem unda SeZlos praqtikul aqtivobebSi

monawileoba da kvleviTi unar-Cvevebis demonstrire-ba.

Sedegi TvalsaCinoa, Tu moswavle: svams kiTxvebs da iyenebs kvlevis sxvadasxva xerxs maTze

pasuxis misaRebad;

saxavs gzebs da iyenebs sxvadasxva wyaros dasmul kiTx-vebze pasuxebis mosaZebnad;

iyenebs sabunebismetyvelo terminebs kiTxvebze pasuxebis Camosayalibeblad sakuTari dakvirvebisa da mosazrebis safuZvelze;

warudgens miRebul Sedegebs da daskvnebs Tanaklase-lebs komunikaciis sxvadasxva formiT (mag.@: zepiri met-yvelebis, weriTi metyvelebis, ist-is saSualebiT).

savarjiSoebis pasuxebi:

1. biologia – sicocxlesa da cocxal organizmebs; geografia – dedamiwis bunebas, mosaxleobasa da bunebaSi mimdinare movlenebs; astronomia – ciur sxeulebs, kosmoss; fizika – fizikur movlenebs da sxeulebis fizikur Tvisebebs; qimia – qimiur elementebs, qimiur nivTierebebs.

Caatare cda 1.

cota xanSi SeamCnev, rom yvavilis gvirgvinis furclebi fers Seicvlis. Rerom gvir-gvinis furclebamde gaatara saRebaviani wyali, ris Sedegadac gvirgvinis furclebma Sesabamisi Seferiloba miiRes. am dakvirvebiT SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom Reros gamtaris funqcia aqvs.

Caatare cda 2.

a) ara, mxolod erTi; b) marilian WiqaSi kvercxi CaiZira;

gakveTilis msvleloba:

1. Sesavali saubari (10 wT)

dausviT moswavleebs kiTxvebi: iciTTuararamdenixeasaWiro,romerTiadamianisTvissakmarisiJangbadiwarmoiqmnas?iciT Tu ara, rom `nasas~ kosmosurma zondma „iunonam“ warmatebiT gadaiRo iupiterze

mimdinaregiganturiStormi,romelsacdidiwiTelilaqaewodeba?

64

iciT Tu ara, rom mzeze 120 000 kilometri siganis xvreli gaCnda, romelic dRiTi dRe izrdeba?

iciT Tu ara, rom adamianebma imdenad daazianes dedamiwis ekosistema, dinozavrebis SemdegyvelazemasobrivgadaSenebisgzasvadgavarT?

iciT,ratomiRebsRrubeliwiTel,narinjisferanyviTelSeferilobas?anratomaaTeTri?

gsmeniaT raime imis Sesaxeb, rom NASA-m dedamiwis msgavsi ramdenime axali planeta aRmoaCina?

maTi pasuxebis mosmenis Semdeg hkiTxeT: TqveniazriT,vingvawvdisaminformaciebs?(mecnierebi)mecnierebisromelidargebisSesaxebgsmeniaT?romeliasabunebismetyvelomecnierebebi?sTxoveT maT, Seecadon sakuTari sityvebiT ganmarton, ras swavlobs biologia, geo-

grafia, astronomia, fizika da qimia. gaixsenon, romeli mecnieris da mecnieruli aRmoCenis Sesaxeb smeniaT.

2. teqstze muSaoba da praqtikuli samuSaoebi (25 wT)

dayaviT klasi 5 jgufad. TiToeul jgufs mieciT saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli teqstis winaswar moniSnuli nawili. mag.@@: pirvel jgufs teqstis is nawili, romelSic saubaria mec-nierebasa da mecnierebze. me-2 jgufs – teqnologebze, me-3 jgufs – mecnierebis dargebze, me-4 jgufs – dakvirvebaze da me-5 jgufs – mecnierul aRmoCenebze. sTxoveT, waikiTxon TavianTi nawilebi da Semdeg TiToeuli jgufi mTel klass acnobs am informacias.

jgufebis mier informaciis wardgenis Semdeg CaatareT sademonstracio cdebi §1 da §2 (cdebis Catarebis dawvrilebiTi instruqcia da saWiro masala ixileT maswavleblis wignSi).

cdebis dasrulebis Semdeg hkiTxeT moswavleebs, cdebis Catarebisas ra meTodi gamoiy-eneT (dakvirveba).

3. gakveTilis Sejameba (10 wT)

mokled SeajameT gakveTili da isaubreT imis Sesaxeb, rom sabunebismetyvelo disci-plinebis swavlebis mizania, aziaros moswavle sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebis safuZvlebs da ganuviTaros kvlevis unar-Cvevebi, rac mas saSualebas miscems, Seicnos da gaiTavisos samyaro, CaerTos sazogadoebrivi saqmianobis sxvadasxva sferoSi, igrZnos pasuxismgeb-loba sakuTari Tavis, sazogadoebisa da garemos mimarT; rom mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi, isini gaecnobian cocxal samyaros da sasicocxlo procesebs; samyaroSi mimdinare fizikur da qimiur movlenebs; dedamiwas da garesamyaros, garemos mdgradi ganviTarebis princi-pebs. isini SeZleben dakvirvebas, aRweras, kvlevis sagnis gansazRvras da mis Catarebas; monacemebis aRricxvas, gazomvas, damuSavebas, varaudebis/hipoTezis gamoTqmas, cdis dagegmvas da Catarebas, modelis Seqmnas da gamoyenebas.

4. Sefaseba

SeafaseT moswavleebi sityvieri komentariT. aRniSneT maTi miRwevebi.

5. saSinao davaleba

sTxoveT moswavleebs, moiZion informacia romelime mecnieris da misi aRmoCenis an gamogonebis Sesaxeb. aseve raime martivi eqsperimentis/cdis Catarebis Sesaxeb.

65

gakveTili 2

Tema: bunebis SDeswavlis meTodebi

gakveTilis saTauri: kvlevis xelsawyoebi

gakveTilis mizani: moswavle gaecnos kvlevis sxvadasxva xelsawyos da SeZ-los maTi saSualebiT gazomvebis Catareba standartuli erTeulebis gamoyenebiT.

kavSiri esg-is standartis SedegTan da indikatorebi: bun.V.1. moswavlem unda SeZlos praqtikul aqtivobebSi

monawileoba da kvleviTi unar-Cvevebis demonstrireba.

Sedegi TvalsaCinoa, Tu moswavle: awarmoebs gazomvebs sxvadasxva xelsawyoebis saSualebiT

standartuli erTeulebis gamoyenebiT;

iyenebs sxvadasxva saSualebas kvlevis Sedegebis aRricx-va-organizebisaTvis (Canaweri, svetovani diagrama, cxri-li, foto, video);

aanalizebs Sedegebs da gamoaqvs daskvna.

adarebs erTmaneTs sakuTar da TanaklaselTa daskvnebis Sedegebs;

warudgens miRebul Sedegebs da daskvnebs Tanaklase-lebs komunikaciis sxvadasxva formiT (mag.: zepiri met-yvelebis, weriTi metyvelebis, ist-is saSualebiT).

gaixsene:

saxazavs – sigrZis, siganis, simaRlis gasazomad; saswors – sxeulis asawonad, Ter-mometrs – temperaturis gasazomad, naleqmzoms – atmosferuli naleqebis raodenobis dasadgenad da sxv.

savarjiSoebis pasuxebi:

1. a) 1 santimetri 10 milimetria. b) Wikartis sigrZea 2 sm, grZeli fanqris 14 sm, mokle fanqris ki – 7 sm.

2. 1 – wammzomi, drois asaTvlelad; 2 – metriani, sxeulis sigrZis, siganis an simaRlis gasazomad; 3 – teleskopi, astronomiul sxeulebze (mTvare, varskvlavi, mze) da-sakvirveblad; 4 – saswori, asawonad da sxeulis masis dasadgenad; 5 – Termometri, temperaturis gasazomad; 6 – lupa, sxeulis zomebis gasadideblad; 7 – Wogriti, Sor manZilze sxeulebis gasadideblad da maTze dasakvirveblad; 8 – mikroskopi, sxeulis zomebis gasadideblad da biologiuri obieqtebis agebulebisa da Tvise-bebis Sesaswavlad gamoiyeneba.

rekomendacia:

aCveneT moswavleebs nebismieri gamadidebeli xelsawyo, romelzec miTiTebulia gamadideblobis xarisxi da auxseniT, rogor unda waikiTxon es niSani da gamoiyenon xel-sawyo. uTxariT maT, rom arsebobs dasadgmeli, saxelurebiani da dasakeci lupebi. X niSniT aRiniSneba gamadidebeli xelsawyoebis gadidebis unari. mag.: X10 niSnavs, rom xelsawyo gamosaxulebas 10-jer adidebs. sxvadasxva lupis gamadidebloba 2-dan (X2) 25-mdea (X 25).

praqtikuli 2:

plastilinis wona mTlian da nawilebad daWril mdgomareobaSi erTi da igive iqneba.

praqtikuli 4:

lupiT dakvirvebisas.

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gakveTilis msvleloba:

1. Sesavali saubari (15 wT)

aCveneT moswavleebs sxvadasxva xelsawyo an maTi suraTebi da sTxoveT, daasaxelon TiToeuli maTgani da axsnan, risTvis gamoiyeneba:

sinaTlis mikroskopi

eleqtronuli mikroskopi

rogor fiqrob, kvlevisTvis mniS-vnelovani ra saerTo Tviseba gaaC-niasuraTzenaCvenebxelsawyoebs?

lupa

gaaxseneT moswavleebs, rogor xdeba am xelsawyoebis gamoyeneba: rogor izomeba saxa-zaviT sigrZe an sigane, rogor xdeba sasworiT sxeulis masis dadgena da rogor gamoiyeneba lupa dakvirvebisTvis.

2. praqtikuli muSaoba (25 wT)

dayaviT klasi 4 jgufad. TiToeul jguifs mieciT davaleba da saWiro masala. mag.: pirvel jgufs – praqtikuli N1 – foTlis sigrZis gazomva, me-2 jgufs – praqtikuli N2, me-3 jgufs – praqtikuli N3 – Tanaklaselebis wonisa da welis garSemowerilobis gazomva da me-4 jgufs – praqtikuli N4 (praqtikuli samuSaoebis instruqcia ixileT moswavlis wignSi.). sTxoveT jgufebs gaecnon maTi davalebebis instruqciebs da Seasrulon davaleba.

samuSaos dasrulebis Semdeg jgufebi akeTeben prezentacias.

3. gakveTilis Sejameba (5 wT)

mokled SeajameT gakveTili. aRniSneT, rom kvlevis xelsawyoebs udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs bunebismetyvelebis swavlebisas da maT xSirad mouwevT am xelsawyoebis gamoyeneba da damzadebac ki.

4. Sefaseba

cisartyela

maswavlebeli dafaze xatavs an akravs cisartyelas fotos. cisartyelas TiToeul fers Seesabameba garkveuli warwera: magaliTad, iasamnisferi – dRes Sevityve, rom; lurji – gamikvirda; cisferi – Zalian saintereso iyo; mwvane – gamomivida; yviTeli – gamiZnelda; forToxlisferi – viswavle da wiTeli – axla SemiZlia. moswavleebma TavianT furclebze unda Caxaton cisartyela da mis TiToeul ferTan daweron TavianTi pasuxebi.