33b Hydrolook
-
Upload
mishazujev -
Category
Documents
-
view
235 -
download
0
Transcript of 33b Hydrolook
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
1/24
33b Hdrauliline lk
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
2/24
3 . Hdraulika31. Torustike arvutus32. Kanalite arvutus33. Hdrauliline lk
34. Hdrotehnilised rajatised
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
3/24
33b levaade
Hdraulilise lgi arvutusPinge arvutus
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
4/24
33b pivljundid
Teadmised mis on hdrolk mis on alarhufaas mis on lerhufaas mis on lklaine
periood
Oskused arvutada pinget torus seletada, kuidas tekib
hdrolk
oskate leida rhumuutust torus mrata lklaine
periood
leida lklaine kiirus
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
5/24
33b Kirjanduse loetelu[1] Hdraulika ja pumbad. AleksanderMaasti k jt. [2] Hdromehaanika. K. Laig na[3] Hdraulika. L.Tepaks[4] Hdraulika. J. Rabinov it
[5] . .. [6] . .. , ..[7] . . . [8] . ..
[9] Engineering fluid mechanics. W.P.Graebel
[10] Understanding Hydraulics. L.Hamill
[1] lk 113-120
[2] lk 346-349[3] lk 192-206[4] lk 276-279
[5] . 356-265[6] . 398-406
[7] . 243-246[8] . 314-329
[10]
http://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/agraebel/agraebel/1%2C1%2C2%2CB/frameset&FF=agraebel+w+p&2%2C%2C2http://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/agraebel/agraebel/1%2C1%2C2%2CB/frameset&FF=agraebel+w+p&2%2C%2C2http://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/agraebel/agraebel/1%2C1%2C2%2CB/frameset&FF=agraebel+w+p&2%2C%2C2http://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/agraebel/agraebel/1%2C1%2C2%2CB/frameset&FF=agraebel+w+p&2%2C%2C2http://eqworld.ipmnet.ru/ru/library/books/Frenkel1956ru.djvuhttp://eqworld.ipmnet.ru/ru/library/books/Frenkel1956ru.djvuhttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&9%2C11%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&9%2C11%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&9%2C11%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&9%2C11%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&8%2C11%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&8%2C11%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D/XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D&extended=0&SUBKEY=H%C3%BCdraulika/1%2C376%2C376%2CB/frameset&FF=XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D&33%2C33%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ/Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=laigna/1%2C75%2C75%2CB/frameset&FF=Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&10%2C10%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ/Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=laigna/1%2C75%2C75%2CB/frameset&FF=Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&10%2C10%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=h%C3%BCdraulika%20ja%20pumbad/1%2C3%2C3%2CB/frameset&FF=Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&1%2C1%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=h%C3%BCdraulika%20ja%20pumbad/1%2C3%2C3%2CB/frameset&FF=Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&1%2C1%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/agraebel/agraebel/1%2C1%2C2%2CB/frameset&FF=agraebel+w+p&2%2C%2C2http://eqworld.ipmnet.ru/ru/library/books/Frenkel1956ru.djvuhttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&9%2C11%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&8%2C11%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ/Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=laigna/1%2C75%2C75%2CB/frameset&FF=Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&10%2C10%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=h%C3%BCdraulika%20ja%20pumbad/1%2C3%2C3%2CB/frameset&FF=Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&1%2C1%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/agraebel/agraebel/1%2C1%2C2%2CB/frameset&FF=agraebel+w+p&2%2C%2C2http://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/agraebel/agraebel/1%2C1%2C2%2CB/frameset&FF=agraebel+w+p&2%2C%2C2http://eqworld.ipmnet.ru/ru/library/books/Frenkel1956ru.djvuhttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&9%2C11%2Chttp://tallinn.ester.ee/search~S1*est?/a%7Bu0411%7D%7Bu043E%7D%7Bu0433%7D%7Bu043E%7D%7Bu043C%7D%7Bu043E%7D%7Bu043B%7D%7Bu043E%7D%7Bu0432%7D/ay~By~hy~Dy~hy~fy~hy~ey~hy~C/1%2C94%2C221%2CB/frameset&FF=ay~By~hy~Dy~hy~fy~hy~ey~hy~C+y~Ay~gy~Ay~my~hy~ey~by~c+y~by~Cy~Ay~gy~hy~Cy~by~r&2%2C%2C3http://tallinn.ester.ee/search~S1*est?/a%7Bu0411%7D%7Bu043E%7D%7Bu0433%7D%7Bu043E%7D%7Bu043C%7D%7Bu043E%7D%7Bu043B%7D%7Bu043E%7D%7Bu0432%7D/ay~By~hy~Dy~hy~fy~hy~ey~hy~C/1%2C94%2C221%2CB/frameset&FF=ay~By~hy~Dy~hy~fy~hy~ey~hy~C+y~Ay~gy~Ay~my~hy~ey~by~c+y~by~Cy~Ay~gy~hy~Cy~by~r&2%2C%2C3http://ester.nlib.ee/search~S8*est?/dh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika/dhw~ddraulika;L=rus/1%2C11%2C0%2CB/frameset&FF=dhw~ddraulika;L=rus&8%2C11%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D/XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D&extended=0&SUBKEY=H%C3%BCdraulika/1%2C376%2C376%2CB/frameset&FF=XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D&33%2C33%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D/XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D&extended=0&SUBKEY=H%C3%BCdraulika/1%2C376%2C376%2CB/frameset&FF=XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D&33%2C33%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D/XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D&extended=0&SUBKEY=H%C3%BCdraulika/1%2C376%2C376%2CB/frameset&FF=XH%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika&searchscope=1&SORT=D&33%2C33%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xtepaks&searchscope=1&SORT=D/Xtepaks&searchscope=1&SORT=D&SUBKEY=tepaks/1%2C22%2C22%2CB/frameset&FF=Xtepaks&searchscope=1&SORT=D&2%2C2%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ/Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=laigna/1%2C75%2C75%2CB/frameset&FF=Xlaigna&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&10%2C10%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=h%C3%BCdraulika%20ja%20pumbad/1%2C3%2C3%2CB/frameset&FF=Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&1%2C1%2Chttp://ester.nlib.ee/search~S1*est?/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ/Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=h%C3%BCdraulika%20ja%20pumbad/1%2C3%2C3%2CB/frameset&FF=Xh%7Bu00FC%7Ddraulika+ja+pumbad&searchscope=1&SORT=DZ&1%2C1%2C -
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
6/24
Lklaine kiirus
Ei sltu vedeliku voolamise kiirusest
c - lklaine kiirus, m/sK - vedelikuelastsusmoodul, PaE - materjalielastsusmoodul, Pae - toru seinte paksus, md - siselbimt, m - vedeliku tihedus, kg/m 3
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
7/24
Elastsusmoodulid
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
8/24
Elastsusmoodulid
Teras 160 GPa Vesi 2,15 GPa
Malm, alumiinium 70 GPa Etanool 1,06 GPa
Vask 123 GPa li SAE 30 1,5 GPaKlaas 53 GPa Bensiin 1,3 GPa
PVC 4 GPa Nafta 1,5 GPa
Messing 108 GPa Petrooleum 1,3 GPa
Betoon 21 GPa Etleenglkool 3,4 GPa
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
9/24
Lklaine periood
Aeg, mille jooksul laine juab tagasi siibri juurde.
c - lklaine kiirus, m/s - lklaine periood, s l - toru pikkus, m
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
10/24
Otselk
Kui siibri sulgemise aeg on lhem, kui lklaineperiood, tegemist on otselgiga. See thendab, etlklaine tuleb tagasi siibri juurde ja ta on jubakinni.
Vastasel juhul tegemist on kaudlgiga.
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
11/24
Nide
Kui vesi voolab 100m terastorus (d=15 cm), siisklapi sulgemisega 0,1 sekundiga phjustab kaud-vi otselgi? Toruseinad on 5 mm paksud.
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
12/24
Nide
Selleks on vaja mrata, kas periood on lhem vipikem, kui klapi avamise aeg.
Lahenduskik:1. Leida lklaine kiirus2. Leida lklaine periood3. Vrrelda klapi avamise ajaga
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
13/24
1. Lklaine kiiruse leidmine
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
14/24
2. Lklaine perioodi leidmine
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
15/24
3. Kas tegemist on otselgiga
Antud juhul lklaine periood on 0,162 s, mis onsuurem, kui klapi sulgemise aeg (0,1 s), seegatorus tekib otselk:
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
16/24
ukovski valem
Kirjeldab rhu muutust hdrolgi puhul
p max - rhu kasv, Pa
c - lklaine kiirus, m/s - vedeliku tihedus, kg/m 3v0 - voolu algkiirus, m/s
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
17/24
Toru tugevuse mramine
Kui rhk suureneb liiga palju, toru ei pruugi vastupidada. Kik sltub toru materjalist ja voolukiirusest.
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
18/24
Torus tekkiv pinge
p - rhk torusd - siselbimte - toru seinte paksus, m
- pinge torus, Pa
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
19/24
Nide
Terastorus (d=15 cm, seinte paksus 5 mm) vesivoolab kiirusega 0,5 m/s. Lubatud pinge 160 MPa.Rhk enne lki oli 4 bar.Kas tekkiv lk purustab toru?
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
20/24
Lahenduskik
1. Leida rhk torus2. Leida pinge torus3. Vrrelda pinged
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
21/24
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
22/24
2. Pinge leidmine
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
23/24
3. Vrdleme pinged
Ilmselt 15 MPa on viksem, kui lubatud 160 MPa,seega hdrauliline lk ei purusta seekord toru.
-
7/28/2019 33b Hydrolook
24/24
Ksimused
Mida on vaja teha, et hdrauliline lk ei tekiks?Kas vedeliku saab kokku suruda?Kas gaasitorustikes esineb hdrauliline lk? Miks?
Mis on hdrolkKuidas tekib hdrolk torusMiks siibrid on keermetega