발 간 등 록 번 호

11-1620000-000477-01

2013년도 인권상황실태조사

연 구 용 역 보 고 서

사회복지사 인권상황

실태조사

2013

사회복지사

인권상황

실태조사

사회복지사 인권상황 실태조사

2013년도 국가인권위원회 인권상황 실태조사

연구용역 최종보고서를 제출합니다.

2013. 12.

연구수행기관: (사)한국노동사회연구소

연구책임자: 김종해(가톨릭대학교 사회복지학과 교수)

공동연구원: 김종진(한국노동사회연구소 연구위원)

김인숙(가톨릭대학교 사회복지학과 교수)

강은애(중앙대학교 사회학과 박사수료)

김병년(가톨릭대 사회복지학과 박사수료)

김현민(가톨릭대 사회복지학과 박사과정)

송인주(가족세대통합연구소 서로이음, 사회복지학 박사)

양성욱(가톨릭대 사회복지학과 박사수료)

이정봉(한국노동사회연구소 연구위원)

이주환(한국노동사회연구소 연구원)

한상미(인덕대학교 사회복지학과 교수)

박선영(중앙대학교 사회복지학과 박사과정)

배지영(독일 오스나브르크대학교 사회정책학과 박사과정)

윤소윤(미국 케이스 웨스턴 리저브대학교 사회복지학 석사)

정용문(호주 시드니대학교 사회복지학과 박사)

이 보고서는 연구용역수행기관의 결과물로서,

국가인권위원회의 입장과 다를 수 있습니다.

- i -

목차

제1장 서론··························································································1

1. 연구목적 및 필요성·················································································1

2. 연구방법·····································································································3

3. 보고서 구성·······························································································5

4. 기존 연구 검토 ·························································································7

1) 사회복지사 주요 연구 흐름과 구분····························································7

2) 사회복지사 노동인권 선행 연구 분석 ························································9

3) 기존 연구함의 및 특징··················································································9

제2장 인권 개념과 사회복지사····················································12

1. 인권 개념·································································································12

1) 인권 개념의 지평··························································································12

2) 세계인권선언과 인권목록············································································16

3) 현대 인권개념의 발전··················································································19

2. 사회복지사 인권상황 목록 구성과 해설···········································27

1) 인권개념으로 본 사회복지사 실천과 윤리··············································28

2) 사회복지사 인권상황 목록제안··································································33

제3장 국내 사회복지 노동시장과 주요 제도····························39

1. 사회복지서비스 산업 및 고용 현황···················································39

1) 사회복지서비스 개념 및 범위····································································39

2) 사회복지서비스 산업 및 고용 규모··························································40

2. 사회복지사 근로실태 및 특징 ·····························································43

1) 기본현황 ··········································································································44

2) 근로조건 ··········································································································46

3) 노동시장 이동 ································································································49

3. 사회복지사 처우 관련 주요 제도 검토 ·············································51

1) 민간위탁 ··········································································································52

- ii -

2) 지방이양사업··································································································56

3) 법률 및 주요 대책 ························································································61

4. 소결···········································································································64

1) 요약··················································································································64

2) 제언··················································································································66

제4장 해외 사회복지사 노동실태–호주, 일본, 독일, 미국·····701. 호주···········································································································70

1) 호주 사회복지 현황 ······················································································70

2) 호주 사회복지사 노동실태 ··········································································74

3) 호주 사회복지사 인권 및 처우 관련 법제도 ···········································78

4) 호주 사회복지사 인권개선 모범 사례 ······················································82

2. 일본 ·········································································································90

1) 일본 사회복지 현황　··················································································90

2) 일본 사회복지사 노동실태 ··········································································95

3) 일본 사회복지사 인권 및 처우 관련 법제도 ········································100

4) 일본 사회복지사 인권개선 모범 사례 ····················································104

3. 독일·········································································································111

1) 독일 사회복지 일반 ····················································································111

2) 독일 사회복지사 노동실태 ········································································115

3) 독일 사회복지사 인권 및 처우 관련 법제도 ········································121

4. 미국·········································································································127

1) 미국사회복지 현황······················································································127

2) 미국사회복지사 노동실태··········································································132

3) 미국 사회복지사 인권 및 처우 관련 법제도 ········································140

4) 미국 사회복지 인권개선 모범사례 ··························································142

5. 소결·········································································································145

제5장 사회복지사 인권상황 실태- 설문조사··························149

1. 조사 개요·······························································································149

1) 조사목적 및 조사내용 ················································································149

2) 표집방법 및 조사방법 ················································································149

3) 인적사항 및 기초질문 결과······································································151

- iii -

2. 사회복지사 인권상황 설문조사 분석···············································156

1) 고용 및 노동시장 문제··············································································156

2) 직장생활 및 노동환경 ··············································································164

3) 노동조건 ········································································································171

4) 건강 및 모성보호························································································177

5) 사회복지 정책현안 및 의식······································································183

3. 소결·········································································································202

제6장 사회복지사 노동시장 이동 실태- 예비, 이직············210

1. 예비사회복지사 실태···········································································210

1) 문제제기 ········································································································210

2) 분석결과 ········································································································212

3) 소결 ··············································································································231

2. 사회복지사 이직 실태·········································································235

1) 문제제기 ········································································································235

2) 연구방법 ········································································································237

3) 연구결과 ······································································································239

4) 소결················································································································272

제7장 사회복지사 노동과정 실태- 폭언․폭행, 감정노동, 소진 경험을 중심으로- ··········································································281

1. 문제제기·································································································281

1) 조사 배경······································································································281

2) 연구방법 ········································································································282

2. 설문조사 결과·······················································································283

1) 폭언, 폭행, 성희롱 경험············································································284

2) 우울감············································································································288

3) 감정노동과 소진··························································································290

3. 면접조사 결과·······················································································298

1) 노동과정 실태(상하관계, 폭언․폭행과 감정노동 경험) ························2982) 정책적 개선의견 ··························································································308

4. 소결·········································································································315

- iv -

1) 요약 ··············································································································315

2) 제언················································································································319

제8장 사회복지기관 취업규칙 실태 분석································326

1. 문제제기·································································································326

2. 평가 기준과 분석방법·········································································327

1) 취업규칙 평가 원칙 ····················································································327

2) 분류 틀과 분석방법 ····················································································328

3) 분석대상 취업규칙 현황············································································329

3. 사회복지기관 취업규칙 실태분석 결과 ···········································331

1) 근로계약 체결 전 요구 조건····································································331

2) 근로계약 체결 후 보장 조건····································································342

3) 근로계약 종결 사유 조건 ··········································································355

4. 소결·········································································································363

1) 요약················································································································363

2) 제언················································································································365

제9장 사회복지사 의사소통과 참여구조··································369

1. 문제제기·································································································369

1) 연구 목적······································································································369

2) 연구방법 ········································································································373

2. 사회복지사 의사소통과 노사관계–노사협의회, 협회, 노동조합·3751) 의사소통 참여기구 현황············································································375

2) 법적 의사소통 참여기구 – 노사협의회 ···················································3793) 제도적 의사소통 참여기구 – 협회 및 노동조합 ···································388

3. 소결·········································································································411

1) 요약 ··············································································································411

2) 제언················································································································413

제10장 사회복지사 교육훈련 실태············································418

1. 문제제기·································································································418

1) 연구목적 ········································································································418

- v -

2) 연구방법 ········································································································420

2. 분석결과·································································································422

1) 보수 및 직무교육························································································422

2) 설문조사 결과 ······························································································434

3) 인터뷰 결과··································································································474

3. 소결·········································································································483

1) 요약················································································································483

2) 제언················································································································487

제11장 결론: 요약 및 정책 제언··············································493

1. 요약·········································································································493

1) 고용 현황······································································································493

2) 노동조건 ········································································································495

3) 노동과정 ········································································································499

4) 인권침해 ········································································································502

5) 이직 의사······································································································505

6) 교육················································································································506

7) 예비 사회복지사 ··························································································506

8) 전체적 평가··································································································507

2. 제언·········································································································509

참고문헌··························································································518

[부록]

부록 1. 공공부문 학교사회복지사 현황과 실태·······································534

부록 2. 사회복지 공무원 설문조사 통계표···············································536

- vi -

표 목차

사회복지사 인권상황 실태 연구조사 과정과 방법 ···············································5

세계인권선언상의 권리 ·····························································································18

마사 누스바움의 인간의 핵심 능력 10계명(김연미, 2004) ································25

능력이론과 세계인권선언(조효제, 2012, 126) ·······················································26

사회복지사 인권목록과 이론적 비교 ·····································································34

사회복지사 인권목록에 따른 조사설문 구성 ·······················································38

한국표준산업분류 중 사회복지 서비스업(86~87) ·················································40

한국표준직업분류 중 보건․사회복지 및 종교 관련직 ········································42 사회복지사 취업현황 ·································································································43

한국고용직원분류표(2007년 개정) 사회복지 및 종교 관련직(07) ····················44

사회복지사 성별 구성 ·······························································································45

사회복지사 혼인상태 ·································································································45

사회복지사 연령대 ·····································································································46

사회복지사 근속, 경력, 총 근로기간 ·····································································47

사회복지사 고용형태 ·································································································48

사회복지사 월평균 임금 ·························································································48

사회복지사 이직사유 ·······························································································50

사회복지사 이직 경험자 고용형태 변화 ·····························································51

사회복지사 직전 직장 대비 소득 수준 ·······························································51

사회복지관 운영주체별 현황 ·················································································54

지방자치단체 사회복지지출 ·················································································58

사회복지분야 국고보조사업 및 지방이양사업 예산추이 ·································59

주요 지자체 보건복지부 권고안 대비 인건비 수준 ·········································60

사회복지사 등의 처우 및 지위 향상에 관한 조례 제정 현황 ·······················62

2013년 사회복지시설평가 공통지표 중 직원복지 항목 ···································67

사회복지 노동 및 제도 개선을 위한 정책제안 ·················································69

호주 사회복지 기관 및 종사자 수 ·········································································71

호주 사회복지 기관 규모 및 종사자 수 ·······························································71

호주 사회복지 기관 유형 및 사회복지사 인구학적 특성 ·································72

호주 사회복지 종사자 고용상의 지위 및 자격 ···················································73

호주 사회복지 종사자 근로조건 비교 ···································································75

- vii -

호주 사회복지 종사자 직무만족도 (10점 만점) ···················································75

호주 사회복지 종사자 근속년수 비교 ···································································76

호주 주요 산업 노동조합 가입률 ···········································································77

호주 국가고용기준의 주요 내용 요약 ···································································79

호주 협약에 따른 사회복지 종사자 근로조건 ···················································81

호주 뉴사우스웨일즈주 작업장 보건 및 안전수칙 위반 처벌 규정 ·············82

일본 사회복지 시설 종류별 시설수, 정원 ··························································91

일본 사회복지 시설 종류-운영주체별 시설 구성 비율(2011.10.1.) ···············92

일본 사회복지 상근 노동자의 남녀비, 평균연령, 근속년수 및 평균임금 ···97

일본 산업별 초임금(2012) ·······················································································98

일본 고용형태별 유효 구인수, 유효 구직자수의 상황(2011년) ······················99

독일 사회보장, 사회문제 및 사회적 복구에 관한 사회적 지출 ··················114

독일 아동 및 청소년 보호를 위한 사회복지 영역 ·········································115

독일 아동 및 청소년 보호를 위한 사회복지 영역의 사회적 주체 ·············115

독일 사회복지영역에 따른 졸업 유형 (2010/2011 년 졸업) ·······················116

독일 사회복지사 고용현황 (2011년 6월 현재) ·················································117

독일 교육수준에 따른 고용현황 (2011년 6월 현재) ·······································118

독일 직업에 따른 평균임금 (2012년 현재) ·······················································118

독일 교육사회사업가 단체협약 적용 여부 평균 임금(2012년 현재) ···········119

독일 교육사회사업가 성별 평균 임금(2012년 현재) ·······································119

미국 사회복지 종사자 수(2010), 사회복지사 예상 필요 인원(2020) ···········127

미국 자격증 소지 사회복지사의 섹터별 근무 현황 ·······································128

미국 매사추세츠주 사회복지사 자격증 시험 응시 요건(2013) ·····················130

미국 사회복지 학사 졸업생 현황(2010-2011) ···················································131

미국 사회복지 석사 졸업생 현황(2010-2011) ···················································131

미국 사회복지사 및 유사 업종 임금 차이 ·····················································132

미국 사회복지 경력에 따른 임금차이 ·····························································133

미국 사회복지 근무 분야에 따른 임금 차이 ·················································133

미국 사회복지사들의 업무 스트레스 요인 ·····················································136

미국 사회복지사들의 세부적인 업무 스트레스 요인 ·····································137

미국 사회복지사·교사·간호사·회계사 이직률 비교 ·································138

미국 공정노동기준법 ·····························································································140

주요 국가별 임금 노동자 대비 사회복지사와 간호사 임금비교 ·················146

호주, 독일, 일본, 한국 사회복지사 노동실태 종합비교(2011, 2012) ··········148

사회복지 주요 시설 및 종사자 수 ·······································································150

- viii -

사회복지사 설문지 배포 기관수 및 부수 현황 ·················································151

사회복지사 일반적 특성 1- 인적사항 ·····························································151

사회복지사 일반적 특성 2 - 노동조건과 근무상황 및 고용형태특성 ·······153

사회복지사 일반적 특성 3 - 시설관련 사항 ···················································155

근로계약 작성 및 교부 여부 ···············································································157

근무기관 별 근로계약 작성 및 교부 여부 ·····················································157

고용형태 별 근로계약 작성 및 교부 여부 ·······················································158

취업규칙 비치 여부 및 내용 이해 ·······································································158

근무기관 별 취업규칙 비치여부 및 내용이해 ·················································159

고용형태 별 취업규칙 내용이해 ·········································································159

비정규직 사회복지사 고용 이유 ·········································································160

비정규직 사회복지사 업무내용 ···········································································161

비정규직 사회복지사 차별 항목 ·········································································162

기관유형 별 비정규직 사회복지사 임금차별 ···················································162

기관유형 별 비정규직 사회복지사 기타 제수당 차별 ·································163

기관유형 별 비정규직 사회복지사 복지제도 차별 ·········································163

직장생활 및 노동조건 만족도 ·············································································165

직장생활 만족도 - 성, 학력, 고용형태, 근무기관별 ······································166

인사제도 관련 경험 유무 ·····················································································167

업무량 및 노동강도 변화 인식 ···········································································167

업무량 증가 인식 ···································································································168

노동강도 강화 인식 ·······························································································168

기관 부당처우 및 강요 ·······················································································169

기관 별 사회복지사의 부당 처우 경험 ·····························································170

법인형태 별 사회복지사의 부당 처우 경험 ·····················································170

사회복지사 노동조건 ···························································································171

사회복지사자격증 급수별 취득 비중 ·································································172

사회복지사 자격증 최초 취득 시 졸업 교육기관 ···········································173

주 5일제 시행여부 ·································································································173

5년 내 인위적 인력조정‧감축 여부 ····································································173 법정 휴일 휴가제도 사용정도 ·············································································174

연차 휴가 사용 어려운 이유 ···············································································175

연차 휴가 사용정도 - 성별, 직급, 근무기관 ···················································175

생리(보건) 휴가 사용정도 - 성별, 직급, 근무기관 ·········································176

육아휴직 사용정도 - 성별, 직급, 근무기관 ·····················································177

- ix -

일‧가정 양립가능 업무환경 인식 ········································································178 임신, 출산 이후 여성 사회복지사 일자리 ························································178

직장 내 수유공간 유무 ·························································································178

업무 중 질병‧사고 경험 ························································································179 근무기간 중 발생한 질병 항목 ·········································································180

최근 2주간 불면증 증상 평가 ·············································································181

업무 중 질병 및 사고 처리방식 ·········································································181

산재보험 미신청 사유 ···························································································182

민간위탁 관련 사항 인식 ·····················································································183

공공부문 직영 바람직 - 학력, 직급, 근무기관 등 ·········································185

민간위탁 위탁 및 재평가 방식 불합리 ·····························································186

민간위탁 기간 연장 바람직 ···············································································187

민간위탁 임금 및 근로조건 부정적 영향 ·························································188

재위탁 과정 중 사회복지사 고용불안 발생 ·····················································189

민간위탁 기관 프로그램 축소‧ 폐지 영향등 ····················································190 사회복지사 권리 중요성 인식 ·············································································191

사회복지사 차별‧침해 경험 - 현재 근무기관 ··················································192 사회복지사 차별‧침해 경험 - 성, 학력, 지역 ··········································193 사회복지사 차별‧침해 경험 - 법인형태 ························································193 사회복지사 차별‧침해 경험 - 근무기관 ··························································194 사회복지사 권리 제약‧침해 경험 - 동종 기관 ················································195 최근 2년간 사회복지사 인권보장 수준 인식 ···················································195

최근 2년간 사회복지사 인권보장 수준 인식 ···················································196

질병과 관련 위험요인 ···························································································206

성 별 일주일 근무시간 초과노동 ·····································································207

여성사회복지사의 생식건강 ·················································································207

예비사회복지사 조사 대상자 표집 현황 ·····························································212

예비사회복지사 조사 표본 현황 ···········································································213

자원봉사 및 인턴쉽 경험 ·······················································································213

실습분야 자원봉사 경험 ·························································································214

사회복지현장실습 현황 ···························································································214

사회복지현장실습 기관 유형 ·················································································215

사회복지현장실습 기관의 주요 이용대상자 ·······················································215

실습기관 선정시 본인 의사 반영정도 ·································································216

실습 기관 선정 이유 ·······························································································216

- x -

전공 만족도 ·············································································································217

실습 불만족 이유 ···································································································218

예비사회복지사의 노동자 의식 ···········································································219

예비사회복지사들의 사회복지 권익해결 조직에 대한 인식 ·························219

예비사회복지사들이 인식하는 인권 관련 교육 필요성 ·································220

예비사회복지사들의 차별, 인권침해현황 ··························································221

예비사회복지사들이 경험한 차별 현황 ·····························································221

예비사회복지사들의 불쾌한 언행 경험 : 폭언, 폭행, 성희롱, 따돌림 ·······223

예비사회복지사들의 폭언폭행 성희롱 피해 대처방법 ···································223

예비사회복지사들이 인식하는 사회복지사의 인권 중요성 ···························225

실제 임금과 희망 임금의 차이 ···········································································226

예비사회복지사들의 진로분석 ·············································································227

비사회복지분야 진로 희망 이유 ·········································································227

일반적 사항과 진로결정의 차이 ·········································································228

전공 기초 활동과 진로결정의 차이 ···································································229

진로결정의 차이와 전공 관련 인식 ···································································230

전공 관련 영역과 진로결정 차이 ·······································································231

예비 사회복지사에 대한 정책적 제언 ·······························································234

이직 사회복지사 면접 조사대상자 특성 ···························································238

이직의사와 이직횟수 ·····························································································239

현재 직장에서의 이직 이유 ·················································································240

일반적 특성에 따른 이직의사 ·············································································242

직장만족도에 따른 이직의사 Ⅰ ·········································································243

직장만족도에 따른 이직의사 Ⅱ ·········································································244

직장만족도에 따른 이직의사 Ⅲ ·········································································245

인사제도 경험에 따른 이직의사 ·········································································246

업무량 변화에 따른 이직의사 ·············································································247

부적절한 상황에 따른 이직의사 ·········································································248

이직의사에 따른 법정휴가제도 사용정도 ·························································249

일·가정 양립에 따른 이직의사 ·········································································249

이직과정에서의 경험 분석결과 ···········································································251

일반적 특성, 근로여건, 인사제도 등과 이직의사(단위 %) ····························273

사회복지사 이직 완화를 위한 정책적 제언 ·····················································280

사회복지사 노동과정 면접조사 참여자 특성 ·····················································283

폭언, 폭행, 성희롱 등 유경험 응답 결과(%) ······················································284

- xi -

폭언, 폭행, 성희롱 등으로 인한 탈진경험에 대한 응답 결과 ·······················286

폭언, 폭행, 성희롱 등의 피해에 대한 보상프로그램 경험(%) ························286

폭언, 폭행, 성희롱 등 피해에 대한 대응 ···························································287

성별-고용형태별 우울감 응답 결과(점수) ···························································288

감정노동 응답 결과 ·································································································291

감정노동 응답 결과(평균) ·······················································································293

성별 감정노동 ···········································································································294

고용형태별 감정노동 ·····························································································295

감정적 소진(정서적 고갈) 응답 결과 ·································································296

감정적 소진(정서적 고갈) 응답 결과(평균) ······················································297

「산업안전보건법」 제26조(작업중지 등) ·······················································320

사회복지사 노동과정 개선을 위한 정책적 제언 ·············································324

분석대상 취업규칙 현황 ·························································································330

취업규칙 내 차별금지 조항 유무 ·······································································332

취업규칙 내 차별금지 조항 유무: 2008년과 2013년 비교 ····························333

차별금지 조항과 모집 및 채용 시 요구 서류 규정 ·········································341

차별금지 조항과 채용결격사유 규정 ···································································341

취업규칙 내 주당 근로시간 규정 ·········································································344

취업규칙 내 주당 시간외근로 한도 규정 ···························································346

취업규칙 내 시간외근로 가산금 규정 ·································································349

취업규칙 내 연차유급휴가의 보장 규정 ·····························································350

취업규칙 내 연차유급휴가의 사용 제한 규정 ·················································350

취업규칙 내 인사위원회 구성과 참여 규정 ···················································353

취업규칙 내 시간외근로 참여 형태 규정 ·························································354

취업규칙 내 징계심의 규정 ·················································································361

취업규칙 분석 사회복지사 인권 개선 정책 제언 ···········································368

사회복지 이해관계 당사자 면접조사 참여자 특성 ···········································375

사회복지시설 내 의사소통 참여기구 설치 여부 ···············································378

사회복지시설 내 의사소통 참여기구 미운영 비율 ···········································379

노사협의회 실태조사 대상 표본 현황(지역별, N=1,005) ··································382

노사협의회 실태조사 대상 표본 현황(시설 유형별) ·········································382

노사협의회 실태조사 대상 기관 설치 년도별 현황 : 1993～2013 ················383

노사협의회 설치 유무와 미설치 이유 ·································································384

노사협의회 설치 유무와 미설치 이유(권역별) ···················································384

노사협의회 설치 유무와 미설치 이유(시설별) ···················································385

- xii -

노사협의회 설치 유무 및 미설치 이유(시설별) ···············································385

노사협의회 설치 유무 및 미설치 이유(지역별) ···············································386

노사협의회 실태조사 대상 설치 유무 및 미설치 이유(17개 지역별) ·········387

노사협의회 실태조사 대상 설치 유무 및 미설치 이유(기관 분야별) ·········387

사회복지사협회의 사회복지사 권리 및 인권침해 대변 반영 인식과 판단 390

사회복지사협회 내 인권위원회, 윤리위원회 인식과 판단 ····························391

민주노총 산하 사회복지관 및 시설 노동조합 현황(2013.7) ··························398

사회복지사 노동조직 가입 의견과 태도 ···························································401

사회복지사 노동조직 가입과 미가입 의견 ·······················································402

사회복지법인 개별, 집단별 노동위원회 제소 현황 추이 : 2005～2012 ·····404

민주노총 공공운수노조 사회복지 노사관계 현황(단위: 명) ··························405

공공운수노조 사회복지노동조합 조직 현황 추이 : 2003～2013.7 ···············406

의사소통 및 참여기구 관련 단협 현황 ·····························································408

균등처우 및 취약계층 관련 단협 현황 ·····························································408

노동환경 및 교육훈련 관련 단협 현황 ·····························································409

평등, 모성보호, 건강 관련 단협 현황 ·······························································410

사회복지사 이해대변 조직 필요성 의견 ···························································413

사회복지사 의사소통 및 참여구조 정책적 제언 ·············································417

사회복지사 교육훈련 면접조사 대상 특성 ·····················································421

사회복지시설별 보수교육 의무대상자 ·····························································423

법정 보수교육 인정 범위 ·····················································································426

2012년 법정보수교육 이수현황 ·········································································426

사회복지사 보수교육 ···························································································430

사회복지시설평가지표 상 인정되는 교육의 종류와 범위 ···························431

사회복지사의 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 실태 ·····················································435

사회복지사가 참여한 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 형태 ·········································436

사회복지사의 직무교육 불참사유 ·····································································437

사회복지사의 직장 내 직무교육 경험 수준 ···················································437

근무기관에 따른 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 실태 ···············································439

고용형태에 따른 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 실태 ·············································441

기관소재지역에 따른 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 실태 ·····································442

기관인력규모에 따른 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 실태 ·····································443

직급에 따른 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 실태 ·····················································445

성별에 따른 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 실태 ·····················································446

근속기간에 따른 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 실태 ·············································448

- xiii -

학력에 따른 직무교육 및 슈퍼비전 실태 ·····················································449

근무기관에 따른 직무교육 불참사유 ·····························································451

고용형태에 따른 직무교육 불참사유 ·····························································452

기관소재지역에 따른 직무교육 불참사유 ·····················································453

기관규모에 따른 직무교육 불참사유 ·····························································454

직급에 따른 직무교육 불참사유 ·····································································455

성별에 따른 직무교육 불참사유 ·····································································456

직무경력에 따른 직무교육 불참사유 ·····························································457

학력에 따른 직무교육 불참사유 ·····································································458

근무기관에 따른 직무교육 형태 ·····································································459

고용형태에 따른 직무교육 형태 ·····································································460

기관 소재 지역에 따른 직무교육 형태 ·························································461

기관 규모에 따른 직무교육 형태 ···································································462

직급에 따른 직무교육 형태 ·············································································463

성별에 따른 직무교육 형태 ·············································································464

직장근속연수에 따른 직무교육 형태 ·····························································465

학력에 따른 직무교육 형태 ·············································································466

근무기관에 따른 직무교육 경험 ·····································································467

고용형태에 따른 직무교육 경험 ·····································································468

기관규모에 따른 직무교육 경험 ·····································································469

직급에 따른 직무교육 경험 ·············································································470

성별에 따른 직무교육 경험 ·············································································471

근속기간에 따른 직무교육 경험 ·····································································472

기관소재 지역에 따른 직무교육 경험 ···························································473

학력에 따른 직무교육 경험 ·············································································474

사회복지사 교육훈련 정책적 제언 ···································································492

주요 사회서비스 전문직 고용 현황 ···································································494

비정규직 사회복지사 차별 형태 ·········································································495

주요 사회서비스 전문직 임금 비교 ···································································496

주요 사회서비스 전문직의 근무시간 비교 ·······················································497

주요 사회서비스 전문직의 휴가 비교 ·······························································498

의사소통기구 설치 비율 ·······················································································499

사회복지사의 폭언, 폭행, 성희롱 경험(단위: %) ············································500

사회복지사의 감정노동 수준(단위: 0점～5점) ··················································501

사회복지사의 우울과 소진 ···················································································502

- xiv -

사회복지사의 차별 경험 ·····················································································503

사회복지사의 인권 침해 경험 ···········································································503

사회복지사의 부당 처우 경험 ···········································································504

사회복지사의 이직 의사 ·····················································································505

사회복지사의 직장생활 만족도 ·········································································507

사회복지사의 인권 보장 수준 ···········································································508

사회복지사의 인권 침해 구조 ···········································································510

사회복지사의 인권보장을 위한 제언 종합 ·····················································515

- xv -

그림 목차

[그림 3-1] 사회복지서비스업 사업체 및 종사자 수 ·····························································41

[그림 3-2] 사회복지사 연령대 현황 ·························································································46

[그림 3-3] 주요 직종 근속기간 비교(전체 임금노동자=100) ··············································47

[그림 3-4] 주요 직종 임금 비교(전체 임금노동자=100) ······················································49

[그림 3-5] 민간위탁 유형 ···········································································································53

[그림 3-6] 사회복지법인 및 시설의 예산편성 절차 ·····························································65

[그림 3-7] 사회복지종사자 인건비 재원 구성 모형도 ·························································66

[그림 4-1] 호주 사회복지 종사자 정규직 급여 수준 (주당 급여, 달러) ·························74

[그림 4-2] 호주 사회복지 종사자 초과노동률 비교 (%) ·····················································77

[그림 4-3] 호주 사회복지 근로조건 규정 법적 체계 ···························································80

[그림 4-4] 호주 서비스 노동조합의 임금상승 운동 로고 ···················································83

[그림 4-5] 일본 사회복지사 자격취득 방법 ···········································································94

[그림 4-6] 일본 사회복지사 등록추이 ·····················································································94

[그림 4-7] 일본 새로운 인재확보지침(2007) ········································································102

[그림 4-8] 일본「개호의 날」, 「사회복지사의 날」관련 홍보물 ··································105

[그림 4-9] 일본 복지관련 구인자・구직자 연결창구로써의 복지인재센터・뱅크 ·······107[그림 4-10] 일본 복지에 종사하는 인재확보 체계도 ·························································108

[그림 4-11] 일본 복리후생센터와 퇴직수당공제사업 ·························································110

[그림 4-12] 독일 주요 직종별 소진 실태 ·············································································120

[그림 4-13] 미국 학위에 따른 평균 임금 ·············································································131

[그림 4-14] 미국 사회복지사 성별 임금차이 ·······································································134

[그림 4-15] 미국 사회복지사들의 풀타임, 파트타임 현황(자격증 소지자) ···················135

[그림 4-16] 미국 사회복지사들의 주당 노동시간(자격증 소지자) ··································136

[그림 4-17] 미국 사회복지사 고용혜택 ···············································································137

[그림 4-18] 주요 국가별 임금 노동자 대비 사회복지사와 간호사 임금 비교 ·············147

[그림 5-1] 비정규직 사회복지사 주요 차별 의견(단위: %) ··············································203

[그림 8-1] 취업규칙 내 모집 및 채용 시 요구 서류 규정 ·············································336

[그림 8-2] 취업규칙 내 채용결격사유 규정 ·········································································340

[그림 8-3] 취업규칙 내 임금의 구성 항목 규정 ·································································347

[그림 8-4] 취업규칙 내 징계사유(빈도) ················································································359

[그림 8-5] 취업규칙 내 해고사유(빈도) ················································································359

- xvi -

[그림 9-1] 사회복지관시설 법제도적 적용사항 ···································································371

[그림 9-2] 사회복지사 조직 의사소통과 참여구조 모형 ···················································374

[그림 9-3] 사회복지시설 의사소통 참여기구 설치 운영 현황(단위: %) ························376

[그림 9-4] 사회복지시설 의사소통 참여기구 실질적 운영 여부 ·····································377

[그림 9-5] 노사협의회 설치 유무 및 미설치 이유 ·····························································383

[그림 9-6] 사회복지사협회 권익 대변 인식과 판단(단위: %) ··········································389

[그림 9-7] 사회복지사 이해대변 협회조직 인권위, 윤리위 기구 인식 ··························389

[그림 9-8] 한국사회복지사협회의 노무 및 권익 상담 절차 ·············································394

[그림 9-9] 한국사회복지사협회의 노무상담 유형별 현황 : 2007.10～2013.9 ···············395

[그림 9-10] 공공운수 사회복지서비스 유관 노동조합 조직률 추이 : 2005 ～2013 ····399

[그림 9-11] 사회복지사 이해대변 조직 필요성과 태도 – 노조 의견 ·····························399[그림 9-12] 사회복지시설의 노사협의회 유형(ideal type) ················································414

[그림 9-13] 사회복지법인 노동위원회 제소 유형별 현황: 2005～2012 ··························415

[그림 9-14] 사회복지 노사관계 제도화 형성 모형과 실태 모형 ·····································416