22.02, Group 2 — Concept of sustainable development in built environment
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Transcript of 22.02, Group 2 — Concept of sustainable development in built environment
Sustainable technologies in building
Proposed by Group 2
Contents
• Energy problems in building• Our vision of 2030• What do we need to make it come true?
– Technical Solutions– Energy sources– Implementation solution
• Economic• Informational
• Indicators• Conclusions
Energy problems in building
• Dependence on natural gas and masut instead of own and renewable resources
• Old heating equipment• Low efficient technologies in municipal
heating and electricity supply• Society’s unawareness of new energy
technologies• Country’s orientation on fossil fuels on
governmental level
FOSSILE FUELS
February 22, 2030. Ukraine
Renewable resources
Year 2030. Ukraine
Electricity production in Ukraine in 2030
60%20%
10%10%
Nuclear power plants Heat & power plantsHydroelectric power station Biomass energy; biomass fuel cells
Heat generation in Ukraine in 2030
Biomass energy & waste20%
Heat & power plants30%
Boiler-houses (gas)10%
Boiler-houses (coal)10%
All types of heat pumps30%
Boiler-houses (coal) Boiler-houses (gas)Heat & power plants All types of heat pumpsBiomass energy & waste
Year 2030. Ukraine
ü New types of home-used energy (renewable resources)
ü Companies specialized on low-energy technologies
ü The market of renewable resources
ü Ukrainian-made equipment for municipal heating with renewable resources
ü System approach in building (passive & active energy technologies)
Year 2030. Ukraine
Minergie R° LEED
Passivhouse
What do we need to make it come true?
We need to follow the best world technologies in building sector!
Energy Technologies
Passive technologies
One of the original Passivhaus at Darmstadt, Germany
It’s an approach to minimize all energy use,
irrespective of the fact that the
energy may come from
renewable resources.
Passive technologies
The dark colours on this thermogram of
Passivhaus show how
little heat is
escaping compared
with traditional
building
Passive technologies
ØPassive solar building design techniques (compact in shape, windows oriented towards the south)
ØSuperinsulation
ØHeat recovery ventilation
ØLow-energy lighting
Passive technologies
ØHeat exchanger
ØMicro-heat pumpThe ability to control building
temperature using only the normal volume of ventilation air is fundamental.
ØAdvanced window technology
Active technologies
The production of renewable energy and energy conservation.
Examples:
v Zero-energy house
v Plus-energy house
BedZET zero energy housing in the UK
Active technologiesPossible sources of energy:§Solar cells
§Wind turbines
§Biofuels
§Solar collectors
§Waste heat from lighting
§White goods
§Body heat
Electricity
Heating
Spaceheating
Commercial, industrial & institutional buildings
Private(single family)
houses
Existingbuildings New buildings
Ground-source or water-source heat pumps
Biomass boilers
Existinghouses
Newhouses
No changes(with exception of interested home
owners)Heat pumps
Solar collectors
Districtheating
systems (but MINIMUM
GAS!)Heat pumps
(source: sewage water; condensate from power stations)
Biomass energy
Boiler houses(coal or gas)
Space heating
Commercial & institutional buildings
Private houses
New Existing New Existing
New commercial & institutional buildings
ØGround-source or water-source heat pumps
ØBiomass boilers
Existing commercial & institutional buildings
ØHeat pumps (source: sewage water, condensate from power stations)
ØBiomass energy
ØBoiler houses (coal or gas)
District heating systems (but MINIMUM GAS!)
New private buildings
ØHeat pumps
ØSolar collectors
Existing private houses
No changes (with exception of interested home
owners)
Heat pumps
Why heat pumps?
Why heat pumps?
Biomass potential
It is the fourth greatest energy resource
after oil, coal, and natural gas.
“It can provide approximately 10% of all energy demand of Ukraine(without a share used in other economical branches) by 2015.” According to the Institute for Technical Thermophysics of NASU
Especially it can replace natural gas for private houses heating.
Municipal Waste Potential
Ukraine has a large potential for using wastes as renewable resource of energy.
Waste
Solid waste Sewages
Incineration Anaerobic digestion
Biogas (70% methane)District Heating
Electricity
EU and US example
Electricity production in Ukraine
• One nuclear reactor of 1000 MW performance in case when all this capacity is consumed by heat pumps could substitute 100-120 boiler-houses with average power of 30 MW!
Electricity production in Ukraine
What does pollute greater: one reactor or hundred boiler houses???
Why are we speaking about non renewable fuels?
Because we try to create a real image.
During 30 years, we will not be able to replace all energy by renewable resources.
For Ukraine nuclear power is irreplaceable.
It will be good back-up system for renewable resources.
System approach in building?
Hammarby Sjöstad, Stockholm
Implementation Solutions
Educational• Bachelor's and Master's program with
scholarships and loans• Special “Renewables” course in all Universities• Holding Ministry contests and providing grants• Participation in regional and international
projects• “Using Renewables” subject in secondary
school
• Having specialists in designing, implementing and maintaining technologies, using renewables
• Public opinion includes need for renewable resources
Implementation Solutions
Economical• Establish renewables as the main energetic goal• Provide low interest loans in business, using
renewables• Performance-based subsidies, which are clear and
understandable• Increased taxation on fossil fuels and decreased
on renewables
The market of renewablesrenewablesand connected servicesconnected services
Popular use of the renewablesrenewables in houses
Indicators
Number/increase of heat pumps
Number of passive/active systems used
Number/amount of low interest loans, provided for building
Market of renewables and services volume
Number of plants producing specialized equipment
Conclusions
What we have tried to do during 15 minutes?
üExplain our vision of best future for Ukraine
üShow the most important mechanisms and technologies to do it.
These technologies work in smart countries and should be implemented in Ukraine.
Thank You for Your Attention!