2102 - Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics · 2102 :pcbs 0 2102 33 2 2012 34 3 2102 35 4 2102...
Transcript of 2102 - Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics · 2102 :pcbs 0 2102 33 2 2012 34 3 2102 35 4 2102...
2102
2102
PCBS :2102
04112102
21022102
0461
298 27002272271
298 27102272271
0011111111
http://www.pcbs.gov.ps
2114
لبنان Lebanon
جنين
طولكرمطوباس
قلقيلية سلفيت
نابلس
رام االله والبيرة
اريحا
والأغوار
القدس
بيت لحم
الخليل
سط متو الحرالب
ت لمير ابحال
الأردن
Med
iterra
nean
Sea
Dea
d Se
a
Jenin
Jordan
Tubas
Nablus
Tulkarm
QalqiliyaSalfit
Ramallah & Al Bireh
Jerusalem
Bethlehem
Hebron
&JerichoAl Aghwar
شمال غزة North Gazaغزة
Gaza دير البلحDeir Al Balah خانيونس
Khan Yunisرفح
Rafah
سوريا SyriaSafad صفد
طبريا Tabariya
عكاAcre
الناصرةNazareth
حيفا
Haifa
بئر السبع Beersheba
اللد Lodالرملة
Er Ramle
بيسان Beisan
Egyptمصر
يافا Jaffa
35°E
35°E34°E
33°N 33°N
32°N 32°N
31°N 31°N
30°N 30°N
Source: Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
±
فلسطين
0 20 4010 Km
Palestine
الجهاز المركزي للإحصاء الفلسطيني: المصدر
PCBS :2102
2102
PNA
CFG2102
SDC
CFG
PCBS :2102
PCBS :2102
PCBS :2102
PCBS :2102
01
1.1 01
2.101
3.101
4.120
23
0.223
2.224
1.224
4.224
1.225
27
29
30
PCBS :2102
PCBS :2102
0
2102
33
2
2012
34
3
2102
35
4
2102
36
5
2102
37
6
2102
38
7
2102
39
8
2102
40
9
2102
41
10
2102
42
11
2102
43
12
2102
44
13
2102
45
PCBS :2102
14
2102
46
15
2102
47
04
2102
48
17
2102
49
18
2102
50
19
2102
51
20
2102
52
21
2102
53
22
2102
54
PCBS :2102
2111210215102102
2102
2102تشرين ثاني
PCBS :2102
PCBS :2102
01
2102
0.0
( الحكومية والأهلية)مراكز الرعاية الصحية 210219.7
01 010.9
13.6
2102
2.0
92.5
3.73.4
1 4
19.7
16.1
13.6
10.9
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
الغبار الدخان الروائح الضجيج
%
المؤثرات الخارجية
PCBS :2102
01
2102
8512 122.7
3.0
42.0
12.2
24.7
في الاراضي ( والأهليةالحكومية )من مراكز الرعاية الصحية % 1.11.1
الفلسطينية تقوم بمعالجة المياه العادمة
2102
92.5
3.7 3.4 0.4 0
20
40
60
80
100
أخرى بئر تنكات شبكة مياه عامة
%
المصدر
, شبكة صرف صحي42.1%
, حفرة امتصاصية32.9%
%24.7 , حفرة صماء
% 0.3, أخرى
شمال الضفة الغربية
ط ستولمر احالب
تمي الحرلبا
الأردن
Med
iterr
anea
n Se
a
Dea
d Se
a
North of West Bank
Jordan
مصر
Egypt
وسط الضفة الغربيةMiddle of West Bank
جنوب الضفة الغربيةSouth of West Bank
قطاع غزةGaza Strip
2012الجهاز المرآزي للإحصاء الفلسطيني، : المصدر
Source: Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, 2012
التوزيع النسبي لمراآز الرعاية الصحية الحكومية والأهلية في الأراضي الفلسطينية2012حسب مصادر الحصول على المياه والمنطقة،
Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non- Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Sources of Obtaining Water and Region, 2012
/ 0 6 12 183
Kilometers
PCBS : ،2012مسح البيئة لمراآز الرعاية الصحية
Public water network
Collection rain water well
Water tanks
Others
شبكة مياه عامة
بئر لجمع مياه الأمطار
تنكات مياه
أخرى
17
PCBS :2102
00
شمال الضفة الغربية
ط ستولمر احالب
تمي الحرلبا
الأردن
Med
iterr
anea
n Se
a
Dea
d Se
a
North of West Bank
Jordan
مصر
Egypt
وسط الضفة الغربيةMiddle of West Bank
جنوب الضفة الغربيةSouth of West Bank
قطاع غزةGaza Strip
2012الجهاز المرآزي للإحصاء الفلسطيني، : المصدر
Source: Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, 2012
التوزيع النسبي لمراآز الرعاية الصحية الحكومية والأهلية في الأراضي الفلسطينية2012حسب طريقة التخلص من المياه العادمة والمنطقة،
Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Wastewater Disposal Method and Region, 2012
/ 0 6 12 183
Kilometers
PCBS : ،2012مسح البيئة لمراآز الرعاية الصحية
Wastewater network
Tight cesspit
Porous cesspit
Others
شبكة صرف صحي
حفرة صماء
حفرة امتصاصية
أخرى
19
PCBS :2102
21
PCBS :2102
20
6.0
:
2102
17112214
:
34.3
18.0
47.7
1174.7
1001100.0
71.1
22 1
17.1
14.204.220.1
4.7
1.4
:
11.1
111.141
00.77
72.007.1
1.4
PCBS :2102
22
70.4
71.271.2(
27.00.0
2102
59.8
31.8 30.0
48.7
10.2
19.5
0
20
40
60
80
قطاع غزة الضفة الغربية
%
المنطقة
مرات فأكثر 7 مرات 6الى 4من مرات 3إلى 1من
PCBS :2102
21
0.2
2101
2101
2101
PCBS :2102
24
2.2
0.
2.
2117
100
3.2
2111210215102102
6.2
Microsoft Access
PCBS :2102
21
User-Friendly
SPSS
1.2
0.1.2
2.1.2
PCBS :2102
21
PCBS :2102
27
PCBS :2102
20
11
11.11
PCBS :2102
22
0 0227
17
2 0224
1 0222
PCBS :2102
PCBS :2102
Tables
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
2012Indicatorالمؤشر
Percentage of the Health Care Centers:نسبة مراكز الرعاية الصحية الحكومية والاهلية
(Governmental and Non-Governmental) :
27.7Exposure to noise sometimesللضجيج أحياناً المتعرضة
19.7Exposure to noise very oftenللضجيج غالباً المتعرضة
23.7Exposure to smell sometimesللروائح أحياناً المتعرضة
16.1Exposure to smell very oftenللروائح غالباً المتعرضة
25.1Exposure to dust sometimesللغبار أحياناً المتعرضة
10.9Exposure to dust very oftenللغبار غالباً المتعرضة
20.7Exposure to smoke sometimesللدخان أحياناً المتعرضة
13.6Exposure to smoke very oftenللدخان غالباً المتعرضة
92.5Connected to public water networkالمتصلة بالشبكة العامة للمياه
42.1Connected to wastewater networkالمتصلة بالشبكة العامة للصرف الصحي
كمية المياه المستهلكة شهريا من قبل مراكز الرعاية الصحية بالمتر
المكعب
85,000Monthly amount of consumed water in
cubic meter
376Monthly amount of generated waste in the(شهر/طن)كمية النفايات الناتجة شهرياً من مراكز الرعاية الصحية
Health Care Centers (Ton / Month)
2012, مؤشرات أساسية مختارة حول مراكز الرعاية الصحية الحكومية والاهلية في الأراضي الفلسطينية من النواحي البيئية: 1 جدول
Table 1: Main Selected Environmental Indicators about the Health Care Centers
(Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory, 2012
33
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
NoSeldomSometimesVery oftenTotal
46.95.727.719.7100 Palestinian Territory
50.95.824.418.9100 West Bank
65.45.416.213.0100North of West Bank
36.84.439.519.3100Middle of West Bank
39.67.525.627.3100South of West Bank
26.25.045.123.7100 Gaza Strip
Region المنطقة
22012Table 2: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Exposure to Noise and Region, 2012
Exposure to noise
34
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
محاجر وتقطيع أحجار
TrafficConstructionIndustrial
activities
Commercial
Activities
Housing BulidingsQueries & Stone
Cutting
Military
Activites
OthersTotal
57.13.43.211.07.910.33.43.7100 Palestinian Territory
55.33.43.68.89.113.43.13.3100 West Bank
73.52.11.811.88.82.00.00.0100North of West Bank
63.87.12.04.79.32.02.09.1100Middle of West Bank
34.11.66.49.59.131.46.41.6100South of West Bank
62.73.61.718.23.90.04.35.6100 Gaza Strip
32012Table 3: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) Exposed to Noise Sometimes or Very
Often in the Palestinian Territory by the Most Important Source of Noise and Region, 2012
المنطقة
Sources of noise
Region
35
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
NoSeldomSometimesVery oftenTotal
49.111.123.716.1100 Palestinian Territory
52.311.321.115.3100 West Bank
69.02.915.113.0100North of West Bank
38.010.339.412.3100Middle of West Bank
38.024.416.621.0100South of West Bank
32.010.037.920.1100 Gaza Strip
42012Table 4: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Exposure to Smell and Region, 2012
Regionالمنطقة
Exposure to smell
36
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
مستوطنات
TrafficDumping siteAgricultural
waste
Industrial
activities
WastewaterPublic toiletteSettelmentsOthersTotal
25.821.77.99.214.09.04.38.1100 Palestinian Territory
26.319.27.810.712.111.05.47.5100 West Bank
33.811.99.410.016.96.95.75.4100North of West Bank
21.426.72.215.415.18.54.46.3100Middle of West Bank
22.519.811.26.93.917.96.910.9100South of West Bank
24.530.28.44.320.42.20.010.0100 Gaza Strip
52012Table 5: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) Exposed to Smell Sometimes or
Very Often in the Palestinian Territory by the Most Important Source of Smell and Region, 2012
Sources of smell
Region المنطقة
37
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
NoSeldomSometimesVery oftenTotal
54.19.925.110.9100 Palestinian Territory
58.410.121.89.7100 West Bank
69.96.316.57.3100North of West Bank
43.012.233.910.9100Middle of West Bank
52.414.321.012.3100South of West Bank
31.88.542.417.3100 Gaza Strip
62012Table 6: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Exposure to Dust and Region, 2012
المنطقة
Exposure to dust
Region
38
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
Main roadUnpaved roadsQueries and
stone cutting
ConstructionIndustrial
activities
OthersTotal
47.127.94.710.67.42.3100 Palestinian Territory
43.626.65.612.19.52.6100 West Bank
53.722.80.013.77.32.5100North of West Bank
44.637.12.310.33.12.6100Middle of West Bank
32.120.714.812.017.82.6100South of West Bank
56.630.82.36.62.01.7100 Gaza Strip
72012Table 7: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) Exposed to Dust Sometimes
or Very Often in the Palestinian Territory by the Most Important Source of Dust and Region, 2012
Regionالمنطقة
Sources of dust
39
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
NoSeldomSometimesVery oftenTotal
56.98.820.713.6100 Palestinian Territory
60.49.215.814.6100 West Bank
68.66.010.215.2100North of West Bank
48.511.126.813.6100Middle of West Bank
57.412.316.114.2100South of West Bank
37.17.247.08.7100 Gaza Strip
82012Table 8: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Exposure to Smoke and Region, 2012
المنطقة
Exposure to smoke
Region
40
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
محاجر وتقطيع أحجار
Industrial
activities
Waste
burning
TrafficConstraction Queries & Stone
Cutting
OthersTotal
16.333.331.77.15.95.7100 Palestinian Territory
19.733.424.87.47.96.8100 West Bank
15.141.625.94.54.58.4100North of West Bank
19.636.829.48.62.82.8100Middle of West Bank
25.819.818.99.817.28.5100South of West Bank
6.633.051.46.40.02.6100 Gaza Strip
92012Table 9: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) Exposed to Smoke
Sometimes or Very Often in the Palestinian Territory by the Most Important Source of Smoke and Region, 2012
المنطقة
Sources of smoke
Region
41
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
10003
Quantity of Consumed Water (1000 m3/month)
85.0Palestinian Territory
62.3West Bank
12.4North of West Bank
30.1Middle of West Bank
19.8South of West Bank
22.7Gaza Strip
Region
102012
Table 10: Estimated Monthly Quantity of Consumed Water by the Health Care Centers
(Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Region,2012
42
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
Water networkCollection rain
water wellWater tanksOthersTotal
92.53.43.70.4100Palestinian Territory
91.33.74.40.6100West Bank
95.53.51.00.0100North of West Bank
96.62.31.10.0100Middle of West Bank
81.45.211.81.6100South of West Bank
98.61.40.00.0100Gaza Strip
112012
Table 11: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Sources of Obtaining Water and Region, 2012
Region
Sources of obtaining water
43
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
Wastewater networkTight cesspitPorous cesspitOthersTotal
42.124.732.90.3100Palestinian Territory
34.928.935.80.4100West Bank
27.537.035.50.0100North of West Bank
49.015.134.91.0100Middle of West Bank
35.926.836.70.6100South of West Bank
79.62.517.90.0100Gaza Strip
Region
122012
Table 12: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Wastewater Disposal Method and Region, 2012
Wastewater disposal method
44
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
Mechanical
treatment
Chemical
treatmentTotal
5.062.137.9100Palestinian Territory
5.760.439.6100West Bank
7.959.640.4100North of West Bank
2.30.0100.0100Middle of West Bank
4.882.417.6100South of West Bank
1.3100.00.0100Gaza Strip
132012
Table 13: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Existence of Wastewater Treatment, Method
of Treatment and Region, 2012
Region Existence of
wastewater
treatment
Wastewater treatment method
45
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
Estimated quantity (Ton/Month)
376 Palestinian Territory
322 West Bank
68 North of West Bank
205 Middle of West Bank
49 South of West Bank
54 Gaza Strip
Region
142012
Table14: Estimated Monthly Quantity of Produced Solid Waste From the Health Care
Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by
Region, 2012
46
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
Inside the center buildingInside the center squareOutside the centerTotal34.318.047.7100Palestinian Territory
35.214.949.9100West Bank
30.719.350.0100North of West Bank
39.87.752.5100Middle of West Bank
38.913.547.6100South of West Bank
28.934.736.4100Gaza Strip
152012
Table 15: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Solid Waste Collection Place and
Region, 2012
Region
Waste collection place
47
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
50150Less than 50More than150Total
74.718.86.5100Palestinian Territory
80.216.33.5100West Bank
86.211.91.9100North of West Bank
74.523.32.2100Middle of West Bank
75.217.77.1100South of West Bank
35.636.527.9100Gaza Strip
Region
162012
Table 16: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Distance Between Health Care Center and
Waste Collection Place and Region, 2012
Distance between health care center and waste collection place (m)51-150
48
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
134671 to 34 to 6 7 and More Total
76.617.06.4100Palestinian Territory
77.116.96.0100West Bank
83.512.04.5100North of West Bank
70.024.95.1100Middle of West Bank
73.118.08.9100South of West Bank
73.717.98.4100Gaza Strip
Table 17: : Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Volume of the Used Container and
Region, 2012
172012
RegionVolume of the used container in cubic meter
49
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
MetalPlasticOthersTotal
76.622.60.8100Palestinian Territory
74.824.30.9100West Bank
73.126.30.6100North of West Bank
71.926.91.2100Middle of West Bank
79.519.51.0100South of West Bank
89.510.50.0100Gaza Strip
182012
RegionMaterial of construction of the used container
Table 18: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Material of Construction of the Used
Container and Region, 2012
50
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
67.321.64.76.4100Palestinian Territory
64.924.13.97.1100West Bank
59.934.23.22.7100North of West Bank
66.511.25.317.0100Middle of West Bank
71.019.43.95.7100South of West Bank
84.92.610.61.9100Gaza Strip
192012
Establishment open
container
Establishment closed
container
Total
Table 19: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by
the Solid Waste Collection Mean Inside the Health Care Center and Region, 2012
Region
Type of Container
Municipality open
container
Municipality closed
container
51
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
The EstablishmentLocal AuthorityPrivate contractorUNRWA OthersTotal
17.572.03.95.41.2100Palestinian Territory
20.471.44.02.81.4100West Bank
15.575.64.43.51.0100North of West Bank
14.774.37.80.03.3100Middle of West Bank
31.763.30.83.20.0100South of West Bank
2.475.03.319.30.0100Gaza Strip
202012Table 20: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian
Territory by the Doer of Solid Waste Disposal and Region, 2012
Region
Doer of Solid Waste Disposal
52
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
Local Authority
dumping site
Private dumping
site
Disposed
randomly
OthersTotal
71.427.11.10.4100Palestinian Territory
70.228.21.30.3100West Bank
68.830.11.10.0100North of West Bank
74.823.81.40.0100Middle of West Bank
69.028.51.70.8100South of West Bank
76.921.70.01.4100Gaza Strip
212012
Table 21:Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Waste Final Disposal Place and
Region, 2012
Region
Solid Waste Final Disposal Place
53
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012 2012مسح البيئة لمراكز الرعاية الصحية ،: PCBSاا
7مرات 6 الى 4 منمرات 3 الى 1 من1 to 3 times4 to 6 times7 times and moreTotal
55.333.011.7100Palestinian Territory
59.830.010.2100West Bank
52.738.98.4100North of West Bank
79.813.27.0100Middle of West Bank
55.929.015.1100South of West Bank
31.848.719.5100Gaza Strip
222012
Table12: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Weekly Periodicity of Final Disposal Waste
and Region, 2012
Region
Periodicity (Weekly)
54
Palestinian National Authority
Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers
(Governmental and Non-Governmental ), 2012
Main Findings
November, 2012
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
PAGE NUMBERS OF ENGLISH TEXT ARE PRINTED IN SQUARE BRACKETS.
TABLES ARE PRINTED IN THE ARABIC ORDER (FROM RIGHT TO LEFT)
Novemver, 2012.
All rights reserved.
Suggested Citation:
Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, 2012. Environmental Survey for Health Care
Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental ), 2012 . Ramallah- Palestine
All correspondence should be directed to:
Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
P.O.Box 1647, Ramallah, Palestine.
Tel: (972/970) 2 298 2700
Fax: (972/970) 2 298 2710
Toll Free: 1800300300
E-Mail: [email protected]
Web-site: http://www.pcbs.gov.ps
This document is prepared in accordance with the
standard procedures stated in the Code of Practice for
Palestine Official Statistics 2006
stated in the Code of Practice for Palestine Official
Statistics 2006
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
Acknowledgment
The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) extends its deep appreciations to
Ministry of Health, Health Union Committees, Union of Palestine Health Care Relief
Committees, Patients Friends Benevolent Society, UNRWA, Red Crescent Society, and
Red Cross included in the survey for being well dedicated in performing their duties.
The Environmental Survey Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental), 2012 has been planned and conducted by a technical team from PCBS
and with joint funding by the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) and the Core
Funding Group (CFG) for the year 2012 represented by the Representative Office of
Norway to PNA and the Swiss Development and Cooperation Agency (SDC).
Moreover, PCBS very much appreciates the distinctive efforts of the Core Funding
Group (CFG) for their valuable contribution to funding the project.
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
Team Work
Technical Committee
Aisar Tumeh Head of the Committee
Suffiea Ibrahim
Deema Abbasi
Fayez Alghadban
Report Preparation
Aisar Tumeh
Suffiea Ibrahim
Maps Design
Mosab Abualheyja
Dissemination Standard
Hanan Janajreh
Preliminary Review
Zahran Ikhlaif
Mahmoud Abd-Alrahman
Final Review
Mahmoud Jaradat
Overall Supervision
Ola Awad President of PCBS
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
Table of Contents
Subject Page
List of Tables
Introduction
Chapter One: Main Findings [13] 1.1 External Environmental Factors [13]
1.2 Water Consumption and Sources of Supply [13]
1.3 Wastewater [14] 1.4 Solid Waste Management [14]
Chapter Two: Methodology and Data Quality [17] 2.1 Questionnaire Survey [17]
2.2 Sample and Sampling Frame [17]
2.3 Fieldwork [18]
2.4 Data Processing [18]
2.5 Accuracy of Data [18]
Chapter Three: Concepts and Definitions [19]
References [21]
Tables 31
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
List of Tables
Table Page
Table 1: Main Selected Environmental Indicators about the Health
Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian
Territory, 2012
33
Table 2: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Exposure to Noise
and Region, 2012
34
Table 3: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) Exposed to Noise Sometimes or Very Often in the
Palestinian Territory by the Most Important Source of Noise and
Region, 2012
35
Table 4: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Exposure to Smell
and Region, 2012
36
Table 5: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) Exposed to Smell Sometimes or Very Often in the
Palestinian Territory by the Most Important Source of Smell and
Region, 2012
37
Table 6: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Exposure to Dust
and Region, 2012
38
Table 7: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) Exposed to Dust Sometimes or Very Often in the
Palestinian Territory by the Most Important Source of Dust and
Region, 2012
39
Table 8: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Exposure to Smoke
and Region, 2012
40
Table 9: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) Exposed to Smoke Sometimes or Very Often in the
Palestinian Territory by the Most Important Source of Smoke and
Region, 2012
41
Table 10: Estimated Monthly Quantity of Consumed Water by the Health Care
Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian
Territory by Region, 2012
42
Table 11: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental
and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Sources of
Obtaining Water and Region, 2012
43
Table 12: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Wastewater
Disposal Method and Region, 2012
44
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
Table Page
Table 13: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental
and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Existence of
Wastewater Treatment, Method of Treatment and Region, 2012
45
Table 14: Estimated Monthly Quantity of Produced Solid Waste From the Health
Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian
Territory by Region, 2012
46
Table 15: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Solid Waste
Collection Place and Region, 2012
47
Table 16: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Distance
Between Health Care Center and Waste Collection Place and
Region, 2012
48
Table 17: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Volume of the
Used Container and Region, 2012
49
Table 18: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Material of
Construction of the Used Container and Region, 2012
50
Table 19: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental and
Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Solid Waste
Collection Mean Inside the Health Care Center and Region, 2012
51
Table 20: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental
and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Doer of
Solid Waste Disposal and Region, 2012
52
Table 21: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental
and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Waste Final
Disposal Place and Region, 2012
53
Table 22: Percentage Distribution of the Health Care Centers (Governmental
and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by the Weekly
Periodicity of Final Disposal Waste and Region, 2012
54
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
Introduction
Environmental statistics relating to health care centers constitute an important tool in decision
making, planning, and public debate. Since there are little data on this subject in the
Palestinian Territory, PCBS is developing a database that will cover environmental issues
associated with health care centers and conducts a regular specialized survey to provide the
required statistics.
This survey was conducted during 2012 and covered all health care centers (governmental
and non-governmental) in the Palestinian Territory, including all the varying sectors: Health
Union Committees, Union of Palestine Health Care Relief Committees, Patients’ Friends
Benevolent Society, UNRWA, Red Crescent Society, and Red Cross.
The data covered the following environmental themes:
External Environmental Factors (noise, smell, dust and smoke)
Water Consumption and Sources of Supply
Wastewater
Solid Waste Management
This report is divided into three chapters: the first chapter presents the main findings of the
report. The second chapter explains the methodology of data collection and tabulation and
discusses data quality. The third chapter contains the concepts and definitions of terms used
in the report.
November, 2012 Ola Awad
President of PCBS
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
Chapter One
Main Findings
1.1 External Environmental Factors
The results showed that 19.7% of health care centers (governmental and non-governmental)
are very often exposed to noise, 16.1% are very often exposed to smells, 10.9% are very often
exposed to dust and 13.6% are very often exposed to smoke.
Percentage of Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory Exposed Very Often to Outside Effects by Effect, 2012
1.2 Water Consumption and Sources of Supply
Sources of Water Supply:
The survey results revealed that 92.5% of health care centers (governmental and non-
governmental) in the Palestinian Territory are supplied with water from the public water
network, 3.7% of centers purchase water tanks, 3.4% of centers rely on the collection water,
and 0.4% are supplied from other sources.
Percentage Distribution of Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Sources of Obtaining Water, 2012
19.7
16.1
13.6
10.9
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
Noise Smell Smoke Dust
%
Outside Environmental Effects
92.5
3.7 3.4 0.4 0
20
40
60
80
100
Water Network Water Tanks Water Wells Others
%
Sources of Water
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
Quantity of Consumed Water:
The estimated quantity of water consumed by health care centers (governmental and non-
governmental) in the Palestinian Territory was 85 thousand cubic meters/month in 2012,
(62.3 thousand cubic meters/month in the West Bank, and it reached to 22.7 thousand cubic
meters/month in Gaza Strip).
1.3 Wastewater
Wastewater Disposal Method:
The survey results showed that 42.1% of health care centers (governmental and non-
governmental) in the Palestinian Territory dispose of wastewater through the waste water
network while 32.9% use a porous cesspit, and 24.7% use a tight cesspit
Percentage Distribution of Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory by Wastewater Disposal Method in 2012
Treatment of Wastewater
Data of 2012 showed that 5.0% of the health care centers (governmental and non-
governmental) in the Palestinian Territory treated their wastewater.
1.4 Solid Waste Management
Quantity of Waste Produced
The estimated monthly quantity of solid waste produced by health care centers (governmental
and non-governmental) in the Palestinian Territory in 2012 was around 376 tons: 322 tons in
the West Bank and 54 tons in Gaza Strip.
Medical Health Care Centers Waste Collection
According to the results, 67.3% of health care centers (governmental and non-governmental)
disposed of waste in a local authority open containers , 21.6% disposed of waste in local
authority closed containers , 4.7% disposed of waste in health care center open containers, and
6.4% disposed of waste in a health care center closed containers .
Wastewater Network 42.1%
Porous Cesspit 32.9%
Tight Cesspit 24.7% Others 0.3%
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
Data for 1111 revealed that 72.0% of health care centers (governmental and non-
governmental) in the Palestinian Territory disposed of waste at a local authority dumping site.
UNRWA is responsible of transferring the waste collected from 5.4% of health care centers.
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
Chapter Two
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
Methodology and Data Quality
This chapter presents the scientific methodology used in the planning and implementation of
environmental survey for the health care centers including the design of the survey tools,
fieldwork collection, data processing and analysis of data.
2.1 Questionnaire Survey
The environmental questionnaire was designed in accordance with similar international
experiences and according to international standards and recommendations for the most
important indicators, taking into account the special situation of the Palestinian Territory.
Stages of Design and Checking the Questionnaire:
The questionnaire design passed through different steps, including:
Review of consultation the relevant UN recommendations.
A visit to the Ministry of Health was conducted to look at the questionnaires used by the
ministry.
Comparisons with previous PCBS surveys, including the household environmental
survey, economical environmental survey, and the questionnaire of the environmental
survey for the education sector.
The questionnaire was modified according to the main findings of the environmental
survey for the health care centers 2010.
Validation rules and an editing manual were updated prior to the actual implementation
of the survey.
Sections Included in the Questionnaire:
Cover page with data about the health care centers
External environmental factors
Water
Wastewater
Solid waste management
2.2 Sample and Sampling Frame
Target Population:
The target population of this survey was all all Health Care Centers (Governmental and Non-
Governmental), including:
1. Health Care Centers belonging to the Ministry of Health, Health Care Military Service,
and Lijan Azakah.
2. Non-governmental Health Care Centers (belonging to the (Health Union Committees,
Union of Palestine Health Care Relief Committees, Patients Friends Benevolent Society,
UNRWA, Red Crescent Society, and Red Cross)`
Sampling Frame:
The frame for all centers in the health care sector operated by governmental and non-
governmental health care centers is updated annually by the PCBS through administrative
records. The private health care sector was not covered in this report.
Response rate:
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
The response rate during the survey was 100%.
2.3 Fieldwork:
Field operations were conducted during the period 20 March 2012 to 15 October 2012.
2.4 Data Processing
The data processing stage consisted of the following operations:
Editing Before Data Entry:
All questionnaires were edited in the office using the same instructions adopted for editing in
the field.
Data Entry:
Then data were entered into the computer using Microsoft Access. The data entry program
was prepared to satisfy a number of requirements, such as:
Identifying duplication in the questionnaire during data entry.
Application of checks on logic and consistency during data collection.
Ability to perform within record as well as cross-record checks.
Minimizing the number of errors by field workers or during data entry.
User-friendly handling of errors.
Possibility of transferring data into another format to be used and analyzed by other
analytical statistical systems, such as SAS and SPSS.
2.5 Accuracy of Data
Two types of errors affect the quality of data, namely sampling and non sampling errors.
Sampling errors are measurable and very limited in this report since the study covered all
health care centers (Governmental and Non-Governmental) in the Palestinian Territory. The
non-sampling errors could not be determined easily due to the diversity of sources (e.g.
interviewers, respondents, editors, coders, date entry operators…etc). To minimize such
errors, data was edited before and after the data entry process.
Coverage:
One of the major goals of such a report series is to provide users and researchers with time
series statistics for the most important indicators relating to environmental conditions in the
educational sector in the Palestinian Territory.
Special Technical Notes:
The sources of a number of non-statistical errors that emerged during the implementation of
the survey can be summarized as follows:
1. Care must be taken in making a comparison between the data published in this report and
those of previous reports due to differences in the frame; the private sector was not
covered in the 2012 survey.
2. The quantities of water and solid waste were based on estimates given by respondents.
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
Chapter Three
Concepts and Definitions
Solid Waste Disposal:
Ultimate deposition or placement of refuse that is not salvaged or recycled.
Wastewater:
Used water, typically discharged into the sewage system. It contains matter and bacteria in
solution or suspension.
Dumping Site:
Site used to dispose of solid wastes without environmental control.
Solid Waste:
Useless and sometimes hazardous material with low liquid content, solid wastes include
municipal garbage, industrial and commercial waste, sewage sludge, wastes resulting from
agricultural and animal husbandry operations and other connected activities, demolition
wastes and mining residues.
Pharmaceutical Waste:
This includes pharmaceutical products, drugs and chemicals, which have been returned from
wards, have been spilled or soiled, are out of date or contaminated, or are to be discarded for
any reason.
Waste Collection:
Collection or transport of waste to the place of treatment or discharge by municipal services
or similar establishments , or by public or governmental and non-governmental corporations,
specialized enterprises or general government. Collection of municipal waste may be
selective, that’s to say carried out for a specific type of product, or undifferentiated, in other
words, covering all kinds of waste at the same time.
Porous Cesspit:
A well or a pit in which night soil and other refuse is stored, constructed with porous walls.
Tight Cesspit:
A well or a pit in which night soil and other refuse is stored, constructed with either tight
walls.
Sewage Network:
System of collectors, pipelines, conduits and pumps to evacuate wastewater (rainwater,
domestic and other wastewater) from any of the location paces generation either to municipal
sewage treatment plant or to a location place where wastewater is discharged.
Exposure to Noise and Air Pollution:
The educational establishment is considered to be exposed to noise, dust, smell or smoke if
the outside effect form a real source of noise and air pollution from the view point of the
educational establishment. If the outside effect considered as a source of noise and air
pollution all the educational day, the exposure will report as very often, whereas for certain
hours of the day (less than 50% of the educational day), it will report sometimes, if the source
effect affect among long periods, the exposure will report as seldom. If the educational
establishment don’t suffer from noise or air pollution, then the educational establishment will
considered not exposed to noise or air pollution.
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
Smoke:
Particles suspended in air after incomplete combustion of materials.
Noise:
Audible sound from traffic, construction, and so on that may generate unpleasant and harmful
effects ( hearing loss). It is measured in decibels.
Dust:
Particles light enough to be suspended in the air.
Public Water Network:
A net of pipes for the purpose of providing clean water to households. It normally belongs to
a municipality, the council or to a private company.
Clinical Waste (Health Care Waste):
Any waste coming out of health Care provided in hospitals or other Health Care Centers
(Governmental and Non-Governmental). However the definition does not include health
Care waste resulting from health care at home.
Wastewater Mechanical Treatment:
Wastewater treatment of physical and mechanical nature that results in decanted effluents and
Separate Sludge. Mechanical treatment processes are also used in combination with biological
and advanced unit operations. Mechanical treatment includes Processes such as sedimentation
and flotation.
Separation (Segregation):
The system separation of solid waste into designated categories
A set of special symbols was used in the tables of this report
(0): The value is less than (0.05)
PCBS: Environmental Survey for Health Care Centers, 2012
] 11[
References
1. World Health Organization, 1994. Managing Health Care Waste in Developing
Countries, Geneva - Switzerland.
2. World Health Organization, 1999. Safe management of waste form health-care
activities, Dr Adrian Coad.
3. United Nations, 1997. Glossary of Environment Statistics. Series F, NO.67. New
York- USA.