2014 KINS 기술정보회의 · 2018-01-01 · Regulatory requirements for LOLA due to explosions...

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설계기준 초과 광역화재의 개념적 접근 2014 KINS 기술정보회의 2014. 9. 18. 한수원㈜ 중앙연구원 지문학, 김윤중

Transcript of 2014 KINS 기술정보회의 · 2018-01-01 · Regulatory requirements for LOLA due to explosions...

Page 1: 2014 KINS 기술정보회의 · 2018-01-01 · Regulatory requirements for LOLA due to explosions or fires §10 CFR 50.54(hh)(2) : powerreactor licensees에게적용(가동원전)

설계기준 초과 광역화재의 개념적 접근

2014 KINS 기술정보회의

2014. 9. 18.

한수원㈜ 중앙연구원

지문학, 김윤중

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2001. 9. 11 : Terrorist attacks in US (WTC, 펜타곤, 추락)

NRC responses

Issue of Advisories and Orders : 원전 시설물 항공기 충돌 현안

Concept of LOLA (Loss of Large Area) : Explosions and Fires

10CFR50.54 (hh)(2) : 운영중인 원전 사업자의 사고완화 규제요건

NEI measures

NEI 06-12 : B.5.b phase 2 & 3 submittal guideline

NRC는 광역재해 대응지침으로 NEI 06-12의 접근 방법을 승인

미국 원전의 구체적 이행 결과는 여전히 보안자료로 미공개

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Fukushima Accident

Hydrogen explosion : Daiichi Unit 1,3, and 4

Core melting and Containment failure : Unit 1,2, and 3

Failure of integrity against radioactive material release : Spent Fuel Pool

10CFR50.54(hh)(2)의 3가지 주요 대응전략을 일본 원전은 수용하지 못함

사용후 연료저장조 냉각기능 상실 및 사용후 연료손상

노심 냉각 기능 상실 및 핵연료 용융

격납건물 건전성 상실

After Fukushima Accident : NEI 12-06 issued

NEI 12-06 : FLEX Strategies

FLEX : Diverse and Flexible Coping Strategies Implementation Guidelines

최악의 설계기준 초과사고 : loss of power + loss of cooling + loss of control

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Introduction of FLEX to enhance DID

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Application of FSG (FLEX Support Guidelines)

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원전 설계기준 화재의 기본 가정 (assumption) : RG 1.189 Rev.2; 1.2항)

가장 심각한 한 종류의 화재만 고려함 (단, 확대된 유발화재는 포함)

(Worst-case fires need not be assumed to be concurrent with nonfire-related failures in safety

systems, other plant accidents, or the most severe natural phenomena)

다수호기 부지의 경우, 2개 이상의 호기에서 서로 관련이 없는 화재가

동시가 발생한다고 가정하지 않음

(On multiple-reactor sites, unrelated fires in two or more units need not be assumed to occur

simultaneously)

호기간 공유 시설에서 발생하는 화재는 고려함

발생 확률이 합리적(reasonable)이며 2개 이상의 호기에 영향을 줄 수

있는, 의도적인 인적사고 (예 : 항공기 추락)에 의한 화재는 고려함

(The analysis should consider fires involving fires caused by manmade site-related events that have a

reasonable probability of occurring and affecting more than one unit (such as an aircraft crash))

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Extensive (Extreme) Damage? (NEI 06-12)

The potential for spatial and broad impacts

Damage to equipment as well as operator mobility

Combined failures neglected in the existing SAMG

Different boundary conditions from those of SAMG and/or EOGs

Two types of EDMG

initial response EDMGs

TSC response EMDGs

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Regulatory requirements for LOLA due to explosions or fires

§ 10 CFR 50.54(hh)(2) : power reactor licensees에게 적용 (가동원전)

§ 10 CFR 52.80(d) : new applicants for, and new holders of COL

§ DC/COL-ISG-016 : Design certificate for COL; not public available

§ DC/COL-ISG-028 : Design certificate/combined license (draft)

국내 원전의 활용

§ 10 CFR 50.54(hh)(2) : 가동원전의 화재방호 전략 강화 (Prevention)

§ 10 CFR 52.80(d) : 가동원전의 화재방호 및 진압 전략 (Mitigation)

§ DC/COL-ISG-016 : 신규 원전 및 수출 원전의 화재방호 설계 및 운영

§ DC/COL-ISG-028 : 신규 원전 및 수출원전의 화재방호 설계 및 운영

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10 CFR 50.54 (Conditions of Licenses), (hh)(2)?

§ 모든 사업자는 폭발 또는 화재로 인한 광역손상 (광역재해)이 발생할 경우

- 노심 냉각, 격납건물, 사용후 연료저장조를 냉각할 수 있는 능력을 유지하고

(본래의 기능을) 복구할 수 있는 지침과 전략을 개발하고 이행할 것

- 다음 지역(분야)에 대한 전략을 포함할 것

(i) 화재진압

(ii) 핵연료의 손상을 완화할 수 있는 조치

(iii) 방사성물질의 유출을 최소화할 수 있는 조치

10 CFR 50.54: Conditions of licenses.

(hh)(2) Each licensee shall develop and implement guidance and strategies intended to maintain or restore core

cooling, containment, and spent fuel pool cooling capabilities under the circumstances associated with loss of large

areas of the plant due to explosions or fire, to include strategies in the following areas:

(i) Fire fighting;

(ii) Operations to mitigate fuel damage; and

(iii) Actions to minimize radiological release.

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10 CFR 52.80 (Contents of applications; Additional technical information), (d)

§ 10 CFR 50.54(hh)(2)에 의해 지침과 전략이 수립되었다는 가정이 포함됨

§ 10 CFR 50.54(hh)(2)에 의한 지침과 전략을 이용하기 위한 기술 및 계획의

기술적 정보를 포함하여야 함

- 노심 냉각, (ii) 핵연료의 손상을 완화할 수 있는 조치

(iii) 방사성물질의 유출을 최소화할 수 있는 조치10 CFR 52.80: Contents of applications; additional technical information.

(d) A description and plans for implementation of the guidance and strategies intended to maintain or restore

core cooling, containment, and spent fuel pool cooling capabilities under the circumstances associated with the

loss of large areas of the plant due to explosions or fire as required by § 50.54(hh)(2) of this chapter.

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10 CFR 50.54 (hh)(2)의 (i), (ii), (iii)의 14 가지 항목 : NEI 06-12, rev.3 (4.0항)(i) Fire fighting response strategies

§ Pre-defined coordinated fire response strategy and guidance

§ Assessment of mutual aid fire fighting assets

§ Designated staging areas for equipment and materials

§ Command and control

§ Training of response personnel

(ii) Operation to mitigate fuel damage

§ Protection and use of personnel assets

§ Communication

§ Minimizing fire spread

§ Procedures for implementing integrated fire response strategy

§ Identification of readily-available, pre-staged equipment

§ Training on integrated fire response strategy

§ Spent fuel pool mitigation measures

(iii) Actions to minimize radioactive release

§ Water spray scrubbing

§ Does to onsite responders

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Actions for New Plants (NEI 06-12, Rev.3, 4.0항)

1. Phase 1 : Enhanced fire fighting capabilities

2. Phase 2 : Measures to mitigate damage to fuel in SFP

l Diverse SFP makeup source (internal strategy)

l Flexible, power-independent makeup source (external strategy)

l Additional site-specific SFP makeup strategies

3. Phase 3 : Measures to mitigate fuel damage in Vessel and to minimize the release

l Identification of Key Safety Functions

l Identification of functional attributes

l Identification of equipment locations

l Credit existing design features

l Assessment of Key Safety Functions

l Mitigation strategies

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NEI 07-13 (rev.8P)와 NEI 06-12의 광역재해 개념1. Containment and Spent fuel pool evaluation

l Structural failure mode

l Local failure : scabbing and perforation

l Global failure : plastic collapse

l The loading characteristics are quite different

l Methodology and analysis are performed by EPRI and so on

l Refer to “resistance of NPP structures housing nuclear fuel to aircraft crash impact”

(final report by ABS, ERIN, EPRI)

2. Heat removal evaluation

l Physical, shock and fire effects of aircraft impact to systems and SFP

l Needed equipment locates in less robust structures than containment and SFP

3. Design enhancement for new NPPs

l Strengthen external structures to prevent damage or provide screening to prevent impact

l Relocate equipment outside of the damage footprints and strengthen internal walls

l Identify and incorporate design-specific system enhancement

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NEI 06-12에서 제시된 building criteria (Local and Global Failure

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NEI 06-12에서 제시된 building criteria (Local and Global Failure

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NEI 06-12에서 제시된 building criteria (Local and Global Failure)

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NEI 06-12에서 제시된 building criteria (Local and Global Failure

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광역화재 사건

설계기준 광역화재 사건 : 설계에 반영

가장 심각한 한 종류 화재만 고려함 (단, 확대된 유발화재는 포함)

다수호기 부지의 경우, 2개 이상의 호기에서 상호 무관한 화재는 동시 발생 않음

호기간 공유 시설에서 발생하는 화재는 고려함

설계기준 초과 광역화재 대상 : 검토 대상

2개 이상의 호기에 영향을 줄 수 있는 항공기 추락에 의한 광역 화재

광역 자연재해에 의한 다수호기 광역 화재

광역화재 대응전략(안)

가동원전에서 개선이 가능한 분야 : Prevention 전략

가동원전에서 개선이 어려운 분야 : Mitigation 전략

신규원전 또는 수출원전 : 신규 요건 적용

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Insight from DC/COL-ISG-016 and 19.4 of NUREG-0800

Staging fire brigade equipment (item B.1.a)

Dispersal of personnel (item B.1.b and B.2.a)

Airlifted resources (item B.1.c)

Command and control (item B.1.d)

Evaluating capabilities of offsite resources (item B.1.e)

Evaluation of MOUs for offsite resources (item B.1.f)

Coordination with regional resources (item B.1.g)

Controlling emergency response vehicles and dosimetry control (item B.1.h)

Communication equipment (item B.1.i and B.2.b)

Mass casualties (item B.1.j)

Triage areas (item B.1.k)

Firefighting training and exercises (item B.1.l)

Means for feeding fire protection ring header (item B.1.m)

* Item # refers to guidance in Feb. 2005 guidance letter from James to Holders of Licenses-21-