2005 Nikifor Akis
Transcript of 2005 Nikifor Akis
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, 2005
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TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION INSTITUTE
(T. E. I) OF CRETE
SCHOOL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND DIETETICS
DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
SUBJECT
ANTIOXIDANTS IN EDIBLE WILD PLANTS OF TRADITIONAL GREEK
NUTRITION
SUPERVISOR PROFESOR:PSAROUDAKI ANTONIA
DIPLOMATICAL SURVEY OF:NIKIFORAKIS EMMANOUIL
SILLIGARDOU MARIA
SITIA, 2005
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SUMMARY
The purpose of this assignment is to present a bibliographic overview of the research
carried out so far, concerning study of the chemical composition of wild domestic plants, and
in particular, their antioxidant substances. The assignment! consists of three parts:
a. The first part includes an inventory and a description of the domestic plants consumed in
Greece, presenting both their popular and scientific name.
b. The second part presents the results of recent studies. Several clinical studies have
proven how useful antioxidants are for the human body, since it has been made clear that
they protect it from cardiac diseases and cancer while they also contain anti-aging
properties. Furthermore, the study describes their function and the way in which they
contribute to what has previously been mentioned.
c. The third part mainly focuses on the methods of collection as well as the traditional ways
of cooking those plants.
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13,.! 3 "+3('"3!! ) &!"0! + #+'4)[67] $!' ) 0! 1927-
1929((04 3"(#23+) ! $!!!#"$%3! %,3! ") ##'4! (!0*! $!'
32"% 2393 kcals /32! /'3. (%304!+2 82% !,+$(2#+")
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)(04!+)32")"!$!!'#.")#!*!$-2,!"! 80 kg -!0"*!
$2!2,!! 27kg[67].
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("!2=!(%$!4('$!$!$0, ("!1!!+&$1!!!(%#',
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&!&&'!(Cynara)
;*%(Sonchus oleraceus L.)
&6%*(Uropermum picroides)
!40$!(Chichorium intubus)
!3!&$'(Chichorium spinosum)
!!5'$(Taraxacum officinale)
!&%*(Tragopoqon L.)
+%4+(Leondoton L.)
!1(Centaurea idaea)
2($+"4(Crepis vesicaria)
&16(Tolpis Virgata)
$#13(Scolymus L.)
$!#04!(Picridium Vulgare Dest)
3+04!(Hypochoeris radicata)
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:
81!(Sinapis alba)
%$!(Eruca Sativa Lank)
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#"04!(Portulaca oleracea)
!:
1,(Solanum nigrum 1)
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&%(!"(Allium Subhirsutum)
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):
1(!#(Silene)
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"+$04!(Urtica dioika L)
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'(!(Rumex ssp.)
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#%*! (Malva spp)
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),*#+),:
&3'!(Daucus Visnaga)
&"2#(Apium Graveolens)
!+$!#04!(Tordylium apulum L.)
3(0##!(Pimpinella peregrina)
+-(Scandix pecten veneris L.)
'!(Foeniculum vulgare)
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-.
. 1: Cynara ('&)
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2( ! "*) ") ##'4! ) (* + 2&! #25!4+. (% + !*!0+
!!,%3) "! $+'! (!), $'$ (%,!") $! "$#$ $'$
((0*+3).
"!&'%&*:Cynara (+'!)
'.&: 1. (compositae)
5##&(:$"', $!+$!14
) ##'4! "+!-! 41 04): !) 04 cynara subthorpiana (+'!
"%(), (+ 0! *!3)#% !$!%,+##,+%, $'( #!*!+%3$! ) 04
Cynara Cardunculus (+'!'$!40"$), 0!(0")!$!%,+##,+%(+
403$'$,'#!(#1!&$!.'. !##&0!")), $!-(0")")1(
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,'*%!. &!('!!'4',), !4"', !&%3!(+$(06!$!#'$' 2-3
*%![1, 3, 6].
2: Sonchus Oleraceus 1(3())
: www. plane_tpictures. com
(%%,!"!!,2."&$%$!!(%"$+04).+,%!
4-43"&*%.
"!&'%&*: sonchus oleraceus L. (%&*#!*!-4))
'.&:+2. (compositae)
5##&(:6*%, &!#!"04!, 6*%, ",&$%, "%*
) ##'4! !+,1! $! '##! 04) 6*1 %(.: %&* #*!, %&*
3!#!$%!, %&*!*1, %&*(!'#
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(2(+!!541"3 !2!"3&'#!("'". !##&0!(!1")
##'4![1, 2, 5]
.
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3:Mroprmun picroides(2())
: www. vib. es
"!&'%&*: Mropermum picroides (+%"(3($42)
'.&:1. (cmpositae) $! Asteraceal
5##&(:($0!, $+,#'*!
!0!(.0!3!4$%04+&2+ Urospermum (+0"$!!+,+2")
##'4!.
1%:
0!"(-4,+%, 3#!"%%$!(#1$#!4, 1=+ 20-50 $. 06!
+ 0! !', !(# 4!$#!4"32). 06!, #!"0 $! ! ,1##! +, (2*+
&!#!$-4)*+3%. (%)$+,)06!&!0+!,1##!+"%4!$!. "*3!
+40!!(%#+! 04, ('.&$'(3$)4.', 3#1, 3&'#, $%$$
30"*$!(!*1, $%$$$$%1. *-3! + 0!"$+('", &+!#"%
") ('. (,'! $! !*% ") $'.. #1 "+)"32! 0! ! $%$$!"0&3!!"!,1##!+.
:)$0!"!!50-$,!#233!$1$!&+3%(40"$$!3(0#)3!
!(%(!'!*.',1##!, "*4%!&$!.'. (% !+*!0!3('(( (,1!) !(%
#+$2 $! 3!$2 0*, (+ #+&1 . 5!3!! (") $! 40+, ")
!5$!(0! ",!$% "*3!. ,1")3! + !23+ "(% !(*.06! $!
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4!"(0! " "*$' 3&'#) !(%"!") 5!",!#06! ) 5'(#.") + ,+1.
+!'!"!&1$!##&13+$!*2"+"%#(*2*-![1, 2, 8].
4: Cichorium intybus(,*')
: www vib es
!
3&!#1) $! ")3!$%) 0". $!)&0! *%. ") ##'4! 0! !
!40$!. #!3'(##' 04), "*4%%#! !(#+3&!#!$-4)*+3%. (% +
!*!0+!!,2!"!$*- (%,!") "2($0'&! ("$+04)).
"!&'%&*: cichorium intybus ($*-+)
'.&:1. (cmpositae)
5## &(: '& !40$, !40$ + +1, ($!#04!, !40$ (')), $*-,
$'4$, ($3'+#, ('6!, (0$!, +6'$, !4$#'"!!, *3+04!,
"!%5+#, ($'4$, (!(!41#! (3), Chichory (&!), Chicoree sauvage
(!##0!), *(' (+$0!), #1&+ (!#$4$).
1%:
0!,+%(#+23#!"%1=+ 13. 4!$#!4"32*.%*+4.%. 1##!($#%3,!, !$!-!"+.("*4, !'##!#&*4, !$2!!, (0#!"!.
:)"$,'#!3), ('$!3!"*!#!0!. :)$+!', "(!0.#+$'4%*!.
!40$!+%0"$!"*2"+%(+, 5)'32)$!"'$4%3..
:##!04)+&2+$*-, !+,+$!#!*!+%3!, "+!-!"4',
(*2)*-!%(.!/$!!"[1, 2, 6].
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5: Cichorium spinosum(&')
:+,'!.
"#"$
"!&'%&*: cichorium spinosum ($*-!$!.%)
'.&:1. (cmpositae)
5##&(:!40$ )'#!""!, "!3!&$', !4$"'4! ()), &!#'4$,
3!+'4$, 3!1, !#,%, 3(1$ ('")
1%:
0! ,+% (#+2, !$!-4, 20-40 cm (#1$#!4. !'6! ,1##!
("*4$#(.', 4.', "#!"%0!"'&!334. ,'#!3$'3
(0#)3!"%, $+#4$% $! 3 5 3% !04!. +!'! $+0."! (!'#! )
4+$ ' ##'4! $! ) ), & !+% $! 3'6! $! !40$ )
'#!""!. (0%3.!0$!"2(*2[1, 2, 7]
6: Cichorium pumilum (,'$#): www ibiblio org/herbmed
"%&'!
"!&'%&*: cichorium pumilum ($*-(+&3!0)
'.&: 1. (cmpositae)
5##&(:!4$#'"!
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7: Taraxacum officinale(4')
: www.vib es
(
0!2!04!4$1. (%%,!"!!,2!"!!('().$!$%
+%3!(2*!!(%!*!##)$% !'"" (42*4+)$2$!%)
$!)$!!'#."+($!#1""+*+0!)1*! !'""! 1(.
"!&'%&*: Taraxacum officinale (!!5'$ ,!3!$+$%) T. dens leonis
(4%+#2)
&0&: Leontodon taraxacum L. 2*! !(% ##)$2 #25 #2. $! 4%
!!,2!")3,.#!"3'.+,1##+(+3'6+34%!#!1.
'.&:+2. (Compositae)
5## &(: !&!40$, ($!#04!, ($3'+#, !&3'+#(!$.0!), pu gong
ying(0!), $!!*'(!(+$0!) $!'4$
1%:
,+%!+1+04+0!(-4$!(#+2, 3$11=+ (50$.), 3,1##!
(!'6!, #0! $! 3 !0 4.1 #1 ("*4, ($#%3,!. 04!
$0! " !!50 ($,'#!) (+ !!(1""! 3) ('. " 3!$1 !$1
'5, 3,!6%3+ !(% ) '") + ,+1 !+1. (% (!*!0!), 3$0 $!
(3$3('(( (,1!) !(%#+$25!20*.,+%!+%"+!'!"4',!32))+-()"0!$!8. ,$" 10
4!,$' 04). ) ##'4! !+,1! 7 04) + &2+ Taraxacum, 3!51 .
(0. 0!: Taraxacum gymnanthum (!!5'$ &+3!2), !!5'$ #0,
!!5'$3&!#%6[1, 2, 6, 7]
.
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8: Tragopogon L. (()
: www vib es
%")
"!&'%&*: Tragopogon L. (!&(-&.)
'.&: 1.3(6- (compositae)
5##&(: !&%*, !&2!+'&+
1%:
('*+(0(+ 40 4!,$'04). 2, 42(#+2(%!, 3"',
&!"4%3,! ,1##! $! $,'#! 3 !04! $0! (,+/.4 %#! .""4.
0#)3! $+#4$% 5-12 ,+!##04!, !&32! " 3! "', "+3,+- #0& ") '")
$+% ").03!"). !5!$% 40"$ &+3%. *!0!+($#4$' !!$4
"13! ") $+, ( 3!$% #(% '3,, 3 ,1! !(% 0* (4,
4'*+, ,2!"+.")(,2! 5 "*+2"3)&&-4)0*[1, 2, 8].
$*&
"!&'%&*: Leondoton L. (%4+)
'.&:1.3(6- (compositae)
5##&(:-
1%:2 (#+2 (%!, 3 ,1##! %4!$!, (4- 2##! #+4 $!
$,'#! 3) ") $+, + &+31 "#2*+ 3 (0#)3!. !5!$% 40"$
&+3%. 04!.""4$0!. *!0!"13!")$+,3,1!, 30*
(.2$!")(,2!!(#'[1, 2, 5]
.
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9: Centaurea idaea(&)
: www. plant_pictures. com
$*+
"!&'%&*:Centaurea idaea(!+2!!1)>4))
'.&: 1. (compositae)
5## &(: !#'!, 04!, $!14!, "!#'!, 5!&$!', 3!6%$!!
!&&!&$!'$.
1%:
0!,+%32, (#1$#!4, *!3)#%3,1##!(#', !!*4, -4). +'
(+0"$!")'")#+4("*4. !$!-!(%#!$!!!-!
!$2!!. ,'#!3), 3(0#)3!.42 10 *#. 3$+$!(#)3!$',1##!
3 ('$ !$! $0) +#'*" (#'"! . (#)3!$- ,1##.. !
(#+$'!&$'! 1-3 $!2.. +!'!$+0."))[1, 2, 4].
10: Crepis Vesicaria(.")%%"))
: www. vib. es
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,%%
"!&'%&*: Crepis vesicaria (2($+"4)
'.&:1.3(6- (compositae)
5##&(:-
1%:
2 ,+%, 3 #!"% % 10-50 $. 4!$#!4"32. ! $!-! ,1##!
233"*!, (3$)-"(!4, 4.' (%#!, ! !-! (,+, #&*4.
,'#!3(0#)3! 9-12 *#. 3$+.
'3,"3$3!*!0.
+!'! " '& %(+ ) )(.$ ##'4!, 2$+! )
$$!))[1, 2, 5]
.
11: Tolpis virgata((#"))
: www. vib. es
-%
"!&'%&*: Tolpis virgata (%#()&4)
'.&: 1. (compositae) 3(6-
5##&(:!&16 ())
1%:
2 ,+%, 3 #!"% 50$.-13. 1=, %, &!33.%, #0, "*4% ',+##,
(#1$#!4, 1##! !$2!! (%#!. ! (!'6! #&*4 - !+' (+
0"$!"#!"%&!334-#&*4. ,'#!3(40"$*.0!$"!")$+,. :)$0!. *!0!3('(((,1!) 9-10 0*. +!'!"#%$#)))
##'4!"*2"+%(+. !*!1!!,1##!+[1, 2, 6]
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11: Scolymus L('(#))
: +,'!.
.-&'
"!&'%&*: Scolymus L. ($%#+3)
'.&: 1.3(6- (compositae)
5##&(:$%#+3(, "$#1!, !"(!'&$!, "$+#03(, !"$%#+3( ())
1%:
242!$!-4,+%, 3#!"%4!*%33!$!.'(1&!
$!$,'#!3,1##!!$!.'$!%#!!!04!".#)4. !5!$!4%*), 3
"$#)' #2(! ('##! ! !*!0! 04 (#!-, #(- (+&0.. $+, +
!*!0+ 3 ('(( (,1!) 3 33!-4) "2,! &+3% 3 2-4 1!+" 0*.
+!'!"*2"+%(+" #%$#)))##'4!$!)1([1, 2, 5, 6].
12:Picridium Vulgare Desf('#*,)
: +,'!.
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27
-!
"!&'%&*:Picridium Vulgare Desf ($04$%)
'.&:+2. (Compositae)
5##&(:($'4$, &!#!"04!, #!&%=.3
1%:
0! ,+% (#+2, (-4 3 ,1##! #0!, #+$('"! $! 06! (!""!#-4).
0#!"1 20-40 $., %+$!4!$#!46%3+$!,1##!("*4!$!-!,
(#!'4!!-!, !$2!!$!4.'. :)$.('[1, 2, 6, 8]
.
13:Hypochoeris radicata (6"*))
:www. botany_cs_tamu. edu
/%!
"!&'%&*: Hypochoeris radicata ((*0)6-4))
'.&:+2.3(6- (Compositae)
5##&(: 3+04!
1%:
2 (#+2 ,+% 3 ,1##! ") (#=),0! (!'6!. 8#!"% !(#%
4!$$#!4"32, %, 32* 70$. 1=+, #0*.%#0&( )'"), *.0
,1##!3!!'(-4)#2(!$!'3$. 1##!%4!$!, *.'(3$), "13!")
'"), (%#!. ,'#! ('. !(% 1$ (#'+, 3 ') $0! $! (#)3!$',+##'4!. *!0! %#! "' ( '3,. +!'! " "$%(+ " %#) )
##'4![1, 2, 4, 5]
.
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28
-.
14: Sinapis alba(7$)
: www. crete_sherwoodonline. de
0+1
"!&'%&*: Sinapis alba
'.&:!+! (Cruciferae)
5##&(: 1!, #!='!, 3!+1!, !&1!, !'"!
1%:
+' 4 (#+, (#1$#!4, 1=+ 40-80$. 9* ,1##! ("*4 (!
$!-!) $!#&*4!$2!! (!!-!) $!').*$0!"!$%'5!. 0!
4)#!4)!5!0!!(#%%+ ("!3(0). $!(00!$+#4$0"*4%(!'##)#!
3'5!, #(0, 3$+ 2 $. $!(2*+(#13$1$!",!4"(%+[1, 2,
3, 6].
15:Eruca Sativa Lank((')
:www. jardinmudani. org
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29
(%+!*!0+!!,2!"!16+3 (%,#) $!(0"(!(%)4+!%)'+
!"(!0(##2,2*%.
"!&'%&*: Eruca Sativa Lank(1"$!)4-43))
'.&:!+! (Cruciferae)
5##&(:%$!, !&%$!, !613!, !-3!, 1$!
1%:
%$! 0! ,+% (-4, 32 3 !,% #!"%, % $! (#1$#!4,
1=+ 20-50$. $!(""%3$2,2. 9*,1##!("*4$!')#+$'
$.('3.*%+-", 4!!&32!"!5!0. $!(%0!$'.%,
!*1$!$+#4$%$!(2*$0!$!"!$0!.4"(23!!.
+!'! " %#) ) ##'4! . !+,+2 )3!+,+2 !##' $!
$!##&13[1, 2, 5, 7]
.
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16: Portulaca oleracea(#*,)
:www. holoweb. com
-2*!
?! &." "+ !*!0+ . !4'*) ("$+04), %,!", !#)%!!,2!" !+$+0.&!,!3!$+$2)4%).
"!&'%&*: Portulaca oleracea (+#'$!)#!*!-4))
'.&:+#+$4- (Portulaceae)
5## &(:!4'*#), +"04!, "04!, !'$#!, *%!, 2#!(#)
"$#30"!
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30
1%:
"04!0!*+3-4, 32!+,+266', (+,'"1=! 15$.
9* 3$' *4', "&&+#', ,1##! $! 3$' $0! ') (+ !!(1""! "
42"3[1, 2]
.
-$
17: Solanum nigrum L(1&))
: www. crete_sherwoodonline. de
.*+3
"!&'%&*: Solanum nigrum L. (#'32#!)
'.&:+*.4-
5##&(:"1,, "1*, !&3!', .3%*, 3!+$+"%, "1,&&!,
3!+%*, !3(#+04! (0&!), $,0 (!0)) (3)#%* (1()
1%:
0! ,+% 32, 1=+ 20-75$. 3 &.-4 *.% "2#*, !(#-32!
,1##! $! 3$' #+$' "4 '), 4!!&32! " !5!0. $!(% 0! 3$
",!4'&!, 3!1)%!.3'"$!(2*(##13$1"(%+[1, 2, 3, 6].
($
18: Plantago lanceolata(&&)
: www. meditflora. com
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31
$*$&
"!&'%&*: Plantago lanceolata (#!!&%#&*42)
'.&:#!!&4-
5##&(:(!1, !%."", ('+
1%:
#+2 ,+% 10-60$. 1=, ('", 3 06.3! !*1, $'. 1##! "*4%
#0!, "('! !!' -4), #&*4, 51#)$!, 3 3-7 +-". 40"$ "!*1,
*+4.0, (#1 3!$1 !( ! ,1##!. ,') #+$.(, #0!, 3 #1.40.
:) #+$'. '=!3 2 "(23!!, #0!, !+#!$.' ".$'. 80"$!" #'4! $!
"$%(+" #%$#)))##'4![1, 2, 6]
.
$
19:Erodium
: www. vib. es
-$
"!&'%&*: Erodium cicutariumL. (.4%$.)
'.&:!04 (Geraniaceae)
5##&(:*'$, #04!
1%:0! ,+% *!3)#%, *+4.% 3 !,% #!"% 1=+ 20-40$. $! ,1##!
(.'3 33!! ##($'$!4.'. :)%4!$%$$! #+$', !' 2-8 "
!!50. $!(% $!' ) .03!") + 40 5 $!(04! 3%"(3! 3 3!$1
'3,[1, 2, 7]
.
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32
$
20:Amarantus blitum(7#%)
: www. crete_sherwoodonline. de
0-*
"!&'%&*: Amarantus blitum (3'!#)
'.&:3!!04 (Amarantaceae)
5##&(:#, " ()), #", !&%#)!
1%:
0!3(%!1=+ 20-80$., !'#&!$+0.3"+$&!"0!+
4',+. 9* #!"% 4!$#!46%3 3 ,1##! 3&'#! $! 3!$%3"*! ') 4
"+&$.32!",1(+!!(1""!$+0."'$.#!"-[1, 2, 3, 6].
$$
21:Bryonia officinalis ($-&)
: +,'!.
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33
1)
"!&'%&*: Bryonia officinalis (.'),!3!$+$)
'.&:"$4- (Dioscoraceae)
5## &(:+.', ', !4!', !+', ,!3!$', !3(#!04!, %*,
(4$#'4
1%:
+%(#+2, !!*-3 4m 1=+, 3&$-4)".#)406!. #!"0+
2*+2#$$!!,1##!+0!$!4%"*)3!, 3(2#1. !')0!!"$'
)#+$'. !!"$'0!(!".(', "!5!0-!)#+$'$.(', 3)[1, 2,
3, 6].
-
22:Algae
: www. crete_sherwoodonline. de
"!&'%&*: Algae Hydrophyta Hydpophycae (+$-4))
'.&:+(&'3.
5##&(:-
1%:
!,+$-4)!31!"4',!&2)$!$!!'""!"(##2$&2.
! (""%! 0! +4%!, "+!-! ") '#!""! $! "! +,%#3+! +$'
"'"3!2!!14!!. '(!,1!"+&2(*2$!'##!0!(!'"!. ##'0!(-4)$!'##!*4-4)
[1, 2].
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34
--($
23:Ranunculus L. ('#)
:www. jardinmudani. org
$+-
"!&'%&*:Ranunculus L. (!1&$+#)
'.&:!+&$+#4- (Ranunculaceae)
5##&(:!&$1#!
1%:
2(#+2(%!3,1##!!$2!!(#+"*4, (!##'""!"(!0.
%#!(!'6!. :)('$!, 3), #+$', $0!, $$$.(', "(!0.3!"*!#!0!$!
(,+. 2(!#! 3-5 1(.!, (2!#! 5 (""%!!(% 15 3%+*!"*4%('3
#2(!$!,%$#%)![1, 2].
$
"!&'%&*:Oenothero L. (!)
'.&:!&4-)4- (Onagraceae Oenotheraceae)
5##&(:-
1%:2, 42(#+2!3-4(%! *., 3,1##! (!##'""!
$!"(!32!(3$)#&*4, !(#'("*4, 4.'. :)3&'#!, $0!,
#+$'$.(', !!1%+, 3$'#+$!".#)4, 3".#!, 3!$'$%3
'. ).$) $! 2#!"3! 4 #%, 1(., !("(-3. ,') 3 4 "3$),
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35
!(#.' (2!#!. 3 8 " 41 "2 '"+. 1# 3!$% 3 4 "0&3!!
"!+4%!(#.'. !(%$'3!(3$)(!#%3,, +(!&.$%[1, 2, 6].
((0$
24:Asparagus Aphyllus ("5)
: www. pharmakobotanik. de
.%4
(% + !*!0+ !!,2! "! !",'!&& (%,!") $! !"('!&&
("$+04)), .1"!"(+4!024"3!. 31#2%)&1), $%)+
#)"0), $+)&)32)!(%)"2!(+)#&+!0$!+, 6)"!(%+1
32 ! $+,0. % ,%3' ) ('")$ " '3 ) !",!!&&' $!
3!3,-)$"#!"').
"!&'%&*:Asparagus
'.&:#/404
5##&(:"(!'&&!, ",!'&&!, !&",!!&&', $+"!&2## (1()
*,!:
!04)(+!(!1!+,+")##'4!0!:
Asparagus officinalis ("('!&,!3!$+$%), "+!'!"'&$!!33-4(*2)""!#0!, 0.)"-$!8. ##'4!
Asparagus maritimus ("('!&(!'#), ,+-""32(!'#(*2
Asparagus aphyllus L. ("('!& ',+##), ,+-$+0."),!#' $!
"))
Asparagus acutifolius ("('!&51,+##), +('*")##'4!$!")1(
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36
Asparagus verticillatus ("('!& "(4+#-4)), "+!'! "! +' )
#("+$!)8. ##'4!.
"!&'%&*:Asparagus aphyllus ("('!&',+##)
'.&:#/404
5##&(:"(!!&&14
1%:
04 !+% 0! ,1&!, !!#2, 1=+:20-80$. 3 #!"% %,
!(5+#.32, (#1$#!4. +##$#!4' !"3$) 5-10*#. 3$+ !$4.', 1""!.
2(!3(#$!$!.%. :)(!"$0!, 3!)', $!' !*1+
3!. !53#!, 3$'.
"!&'%&*:Asparagus officinalis ("('!&,!3!$+$%)
'.&:#/404
5##&(:-
1%:
"(!'&&!+%0!,+%(#+2 (6('.!(% 20 *%!) 3+(%&06.3!
!(#13!(%3!$2, "!$-406$!!(%,!#31(+$''5)40+
+(2& 32, + #!"1. +0 !*$' 0! +,0 -"3, !##' !&%!
4!$#!406! $! 5+#(1! !($-!1= 1-23. + #!"1 "*)3!06!
#('"!#%,+##$#'4$!'42"3$!')3$', (!"$0!, $!3(!%3,!
!"$')#+$'. "(!'&&0!40$3,+'3%!"$')#+$'. $!(%
",!$%, $%$$$!').03!")(2* 3-6 "(%+[1, 2, 6, 7].
25:Allium subhirsutum (&%&*(")
:www. unict. it
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37
4--
"!&'%&*:Allium subhirsutum(%3+(%4!")
'.&:#4-04.
5##&(:1$4! (;'$+) !&%(!"
1%:
+' (-4), 3 (#+ 3 06! #-4), 3 #% !(#% (##!(#%,
(!##%3!!(%*-, !$#"'!!404! "*+"3"$%4+,#13)"
!(2 2#! (#1" " 1* !##1#, &."% . "$42#!. 1##! (!'6!,
!(#.' 4(#.32!, ((#!+"32! )3$+#4$' $+#4$', (#) $0#!
".$' 3 3!$1 $#%. :) #+$' %* (,+06! $0! $!' "$'4!
$,'# ('$, (!##%3 !(% 33!-4) !(# "*"32) "(') 3 (&%
5!32. 3 6 ,+%3 !(% ) '". . ('#., 33!! ((#!+"32!
,+##4$!"+3,+")'"), !(#'"*4")$+,"4%%(+
3"!0,2!!. '=!&.$, 0*.3 1-2, "('! 3-6 "(23!!, 3#!'
"&&+#'&.-4). ##)$*#.04!(#!3' 42 04)[1, 2, 7]
.
--(($
26: Silene("#)
: www. botany. cs. tamu. edu
#)
"!&'%&*:Silene (#))'.&:!+,+##.4-
5## &(: "(1#!, ,+"$14 ((*#), $+$$'$ (;'$+), %( (1(),
$1(!#()), #+#+4'$
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38
1%:
('*+ 400 04). +'(-4), "!, 4$!(#+. !(""%!66'!,
(##'$"3)$'$!!##-*"3![1, 2, 6].
-$1$$
27: Urtika dioika L('&*,)
: www. vib. es
2&!
."!(%)!*!%)!"!$04)!$'#+=) (%,!")
"!&'%&*:Urtika dioika L. (+0$))40$)
&'*,!:Urtica Urens (3$), Urtica pililitera(3&'#))
'.&:+$04$404
5## &(: !6$04!, !&&06!, $04), !&$04!, "1*!, "$!, "$04!,
"$0(1(), Nettle(&!), Ortie (!##0!), "&$' (+$0!)
04&2+('&!$!!504)(+(0")!+,1!")##'4!: +0$))
$!+"$, +0$))",!!$, +0$))33!-4).
1%:
"+$04! 0! ,+% (-4, 32 (#+21=+ 30-80$. #!"%0! %, "*+%, !&.$%, (#1$#!4, *+4.%, 3 0* (+ ($!#1
2 $"3% (#%&. + 52 (+ (2*+). ! ,1##! 0! 4.', *.',
"$+('"!, !!-!#&*4 $! ! $!-!!+&433&'# !&.$%
30"*. !')3,!06!)'5), 0"$!"3!"*!#!0+"(41#+$!0!
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39
*-3!!"($%$$+(!"$0+. !!"$'') 0"$!" 5*."'
,+'!(%!)#+$'[1, 2, 7].
(-$
28: Rumex spp (")
: www. Jardimundani. org
%#
(%+!*!0+!!,2!"!#'(!, 5+#'(!("$+04), %,!")
"!&'%&*:Rumex spp.-Rumex dotusifolius L. (135!3#1,+##)
'.&:#+&.04
5## &(: #'(!, #'(!, !&"1$# $! !6%6! $! !'(! (;'$+),
5'$ $! "4#'(! (,!#'), $%(! (0, $! 3&%), 5! (3),
#!(!'(1()
) ##'4! !+,1! 0! 04):1) ##)$% !(#% $)(+$%, 2)
5+#04 5+! $! 3)#'(!!'(!
1%:
!#'(!!0!,+%(-4), 3, 4(#+3#!"%"+."*+%,
4!$#!46%3, 1=+ 20-60 $. $! 32* 1, 53. " 3$' 04). 9*+ ,1##!
$!4%"*)3!(3$)##($', 51#)$!%*, !$!-!330"*$!!!-!
*.0 30"*. :) !(2!#!, ('"! $$$.(', !#! 40$! " !5!0.!(% &.$% 3 '$! 4.' #0!. #'(! !$ " 3! $&2! (+
(#!3' $!% 3$' (-4) ,+' ! (0! "+!-! " 4"1, "$1
%(+, "#'4!"(42(*2$!"2(*2-'##!!0"$$!0
"+."'&, 5)2$!*2"$'", !(""%!!(%!+'#!*!1![1, 2, 8]
.
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40
($
29:Malva ssp (/#()
: www. crete. sherwoodonline. de
5-
." "+ !*!0+ "! 3!#'*). %3' ) (2*! !(% )##)$
#25)'#.(+")3!0!(1.$!*)"3(0!!(%)(*)!*!0!&1(+.
"!&'%&*:Malva ssp, Malva silvestris ('#!3!#'*))'&!)
'.&:!#!*4-!#4-
5##&(:!3(#%*!, !3#%*!, 3!#'*), 3+#1*!, 3+#'&$!, !3(#%*), !&3#%*!,
Mallow (&!), Mauve (!##0!), (23 (+$0!)
)##'4!$!4!0!")')%(+,+-('!"+!-! 8 !+,+
04)3#%*!$! 1 )3!+,+2. Malva aegyptia('#!)&+(0!), Malva cretica('#!
)$)$), Malva moschata ('#!)3%"*"3), Malva neglective('#!)!3#)32)),
Malva parviflora ('#!)3$!), Malva pusilla('#!)3$').
1%:
3#%*!0!,+%(-4, 32, 42(#+2, (#1$#!4, *.%1=+
0, 30-13. 3%4!$#!4"32#!"%. 9*,1##!2#!(!#!3"*4, (!#!3%+!,
233"*!, "&&+#.(', 3 (,2! 4.. :) " 3!"*!#!0 42"3 $! 2**-3!%4, (,+-4, $+!-4#+$%. !(%0!$+$#$$'=!"1)!(%
(##'3%"(3!$!(04!4!!&32!"$1$#. 0!04(#13,4!$%3"
!$2($#0, 3!+'$!-4). +,1!"(##2*-)+-(),
"0!$!8. ,$[1, 2, 5, 6, 7]
.
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(1(.
30: Prasium maju (&.)
: www. vib. es
2
"!&'%&*:Prasium majus ('"32&!)
'.&:!3(!-#!-
5##&(:,!""%*
1%:
'3 ,+&!-4, 50$. 13. 1=+, (#1$#!4 3 $#!4' !(#.'. 1##! 233"*!,
.4 $!44")'"), (!('.+-44.'. !')2*+*-3!
#+$% !! 41 " 3!"*'# . ,1##., 3 $'#+$! $.4, 33!-4), 3 10
+-", 40*#%(+'.*0#0!4.%$!$'.34+.'!$4.'.
,')40*#), 3".#!!*132"!"$'#+$!%(+".$'+('*4!$1#3
0*. ('. *0# 0! .42 !$2!, #.%, $'. 0#. 3
(!'##)#$'.!(%('.*0#. '+!"!$-4), 4+(%3,!, 3#!'")'").
+!'!")##'4!, "(-4%(+[1, 2, 7]
.
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42
2$
31: Papaver Roeas L("&)
3*:www. vib. es
%+
13,.!33!+0+!+, ")!*!%)!"(%)(!(!1!,
*)"03+!&!!(!!"$+!"13!$.4'.
"!&'%&*:Papaver Roeas L. (!(!2)')
'.&:!(!04 (Papaveraceae)
5##&(:(!(!1!, $+"+'4! ()), $$$14!, !&$+!%* (!0)),
(%$!$+"(%$!"!$' (1()
1%:
(!(!1 0! ,+' $!' (#0" 3 3 #!"% 20-60$. 1=,
'4, *.%, %, (#1$#!4. 1##!("*4333!!#&*4, ("*4
$!4.'. :)3&'#!, $%$$!"!(""%!04), 3(40"$3!$1. $!(%
0! $'=! (+ (2* (#+'3+, 3$%!+ "(%+. 80"$! "
$!##&13+$!*2"+!&1"%#))##'4![1, 2, 6, 7]
.
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43
$1-2((
(UMBELLISERAE)
32:Daucus Visnaga()
: www. ibiblio. org/herbmed
'#
"!&'%&*:Daucus Visnaga (51"'&)
'.&:$!4,%.+3##,%.
5##&(:$!!&', $!0&!, ,.#', *!#!'! (1(), "+3,.03'4.
1%:
2 ,+% 20-80$. 1=+, 3 #!"% %, #0, "*+%, 4!*%3 3
!+#!$-" $+0. ( ! ('.. 1##! ("*4 3 "2 #.04, "+.
4!(#.32!, !+#!$.', !$2!!. $'4! 3 !$0 (##2 4&$.32 ") '").
0#)3!3 (##',+##'! "*4, !(#.'. !(%.43$%. +!'!"
$!##&13+!&1$!!33-4%(+"4',(*2)##'4![1, 2, 6]
.
33:Apium Graveolens(.#!&)
:www. jardinmundani. org
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44
2,-
"!&'%&*:Apium Graveolens (:(!1"3)
'.&:$!4,%.+3##,%.
5##&(:-
1%:
,+%, 1=+ 2. 1, 53. 3 &!33.1 #!"1. ! $!-! ,1##!
4!1! " .40, 4.1 #1. ! 3$' $0! ') 4!'""! "
",!$' "$'4! 3 5-12 !$0, ! (0! $,1! (#+$' + #!"1. $!(%
("*6$'() 0!",!$%[1, 2]
.
35:Tordyhum apulum L ('#*,)
: www. bioclix. org
&-!
"!&'%&*:Tordyhum apulum L. (41#!1#)
'.&:$%+#)$&2!$!4,%.+3##,%.
5##&(:$!+$!#04!, $!+$!#0!, 3"*(!(!4'
5##*,!: 1&!#,"*!)'4%)*,!:
Tordyhum byzantinum Hay (,#$2&&(). &&&)(")!)
$!"-'%)##,)'!)%!).
Tordyhum maximum (,## .) &&'&*) 4!)"0,)
(")"&!)##,).
Tordyhum officinale (,# 1''(). &-' *,'&
&(
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45
1%:
$!+$!#040!,+'3, 1=+32* 80 $. 8#!"%3!#!$%, *.%
!+#!$.% $!'3$. 1##!("*4" 33!! ##($'4"$4 (3$)
#(', 4.'. :)#+$'%4!$!'"$'4! (3(2#). !(%4"$4[1, 2, 6].
34: Pimpinella peregrina("*#)
: www. crete. sherwoodonline. de
'%!$--
"!&'%&*:Pimpinella peregrine (3(2##!)!(4)3$)
'.&:$%+#)$&2!$!4,%.+3##,%.
5##&(:#+$')"
1%:
(%!, 50$-131= 3 06.3! !!$42 $! #!"% (#), #(,+,
&!33.% $!' 3$, 4!$#!4"32 3 ,1##!. ! $!-! ,1##! ("*4 3 6-9
,+##!'$!4"$4- $!44, 4.'2+(!. !3"!0!333!!",)4,
4.'$!!!-!333!!&!334. !')0!#+$', $!(%30*
%. +!'!"(-4)%(+, (!1")##'4![1, 2, 6].
35: Scandix pecten veneris L. (. /0&)
:www. botany. cs. tamu. edu
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46
5&"
"!&'%&*:Scandix pecten veneris L. ($!45.&!)1,*!))
'.&:$!4,%! (Umbelliferae)
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+ &! ) (!!"$+ !" "!#'! 3!60 3 ) (!+"0! !4$- $! '##.
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(Uropermum picroides): 0! *% +,% $! $!# (%)!. )
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"!#'$!!#!""'. +##2&+3!,1##!, !+,'#!"'!$!)'"()+
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67.
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!54.$'. ",2+ " #1 06 )#$% (+ + #0( $! 2"
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(* ")+&0!. '&3! ) !!$'#+=) + %#+ . #1. 6- " *%
$,+#"$2 !"2, 0! 04 ")3!$ 3 ) !!$'#+=) + %#+ .3$&!"3-"3#+"3!$2!"2 (Bray, 1999)
[38].
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4!"$24%!+'!3%!(2*+!"16+$!)#$%!. (12"1$#!!
54-"+$!!#'=+6.$'#&$'3%!, %(.#0(), (.A$! DNA.
#+!$%"! #(!' 52! (+ 0! ".3!.32! " $+!$2 33'
0!4!0!+!0")!")504."). +)4!4$!"0!&.".+(504.").
#(40. LP #!3'32"(##2(!#&$2$!!"'".$+'.(+4)&0
+#'*""'! +$+'+. 06++45+#0+ (OH-) ,!0!!0!!
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$+!$' $! ! 4!,$' !54.$' $!!"2##+ #!2 54.$2
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!-$,%#) 0"$! "! (""%! '&! *%! $! #!*!$' ) (!!4"!$
##)$4!,[20, 29].
"*+ !54.$ +"0!, !"$ ) #+&0! 0! ) (,1#!5) .
!(!!0).#(!-52.!(%)504."), $!-(0")$!)!$!%)!.
+-!3",!0..
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33' . +$- $+'. $! ! $!!"2,+. ! '*)"! +#$' (+
(!'&!!(%!+)$!!",#2&!#(,+"$0)$!.0!!(%(##1
+)2 % 0! $+!$% ")3'4 ) ('*+") ) )#$0! + &$,'#+.
!30)(!41)+(#$"+""-+"))+"0!!+"&$2,!#.
3,!0")$! ("!1 + *%4+") 4'$! ).03!") %(. $! !
,2#))*4&2")$!)!'(+5)"-.
9* "*+ !!&.&$ 4'"), )' ") 5+42.") . 5$- (/%.
504."). (2(")*#)"%#)!$!!$)306!"0*.3!.!&&0.
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(0!)"")(%#)=))!-"!+$!$0+$!3(0!$%3)$!
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)3!$ 0! ) (!+"0! ) " 423!. "!1 $+=#4 33',
#((./ $! '## #(!2 432. 423! + !-(+ "-3! 0!
(#1""!$%"!#(!'52!. (!'3%!4!0!+!0")!")4'") 6)30!
.#1.6-[13, 20, 29, 31, 46].
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,+'.
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$41+ &! $!4!$2 (!". ,#$% 513- ! (0(4! 3$+"/)"!03! (Homokysteine) $! %" *!3)#%! 0! ! (0(4! ) 3$+"/) " !03!
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(+("1!%2*+"*2")""323,2$!$0+%(.:$!$0"$%#,
$!$0(!*22+
:##(!'&%(.3.32)30)$!!+5)32)$!!'#.")(13!
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##$% 51 .3 (C18:3) 0! 2! (#+!$%" !(!!0) #(!% 51.
0!!(!!0)&!04"+0!"&!"3%$!(2(!#),0!(%,2.
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$!##&1!. #2245!%3(0!3-")(0")+!03!$!!(0(4!
) LDL *#)"%#), $!-$! ! +$04!, "+3'##!$'")(%#)=)
$!4!$-(!".[13, 20, 29]
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+*-,/ ),/:
+"0!+2!$+")$!)&0!.,+*)3$-. 0!3!#0(+
+('*+ &$' 4-43! ,+' $! 2*+ !!,0 ! 2*+ (##!(#2 #&$2
(4'", "+3(#!3!32) $! ) !54.$ 4'"). (4'" .
,#!4-")+&0!2*++)0!$'!#+!0! 10 *%!. 9*!!,0
% $!!(#31 4', 3,2 %&$., + +1, $!$&% +"0 $!
,#&32. (!+5'+ ! !(#2"3!! ) !30) 8 $! ("!1+ !(%
!##&0 $! &!"3% !(% #1 06. 9*+ (0") ) $!%)! !
3(406+ )"+&$2.") .!3(!#0.$! (32.! #!-+ $04+
!)!$ 3-".. 1993 3! 3#2) (+ 4)3"1)$ " (4$%
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.
!54.$ 4!")%)! . ,!#-, +"0 (+ +('&! ")
$!)&0!!+, ,0#!$+0."54!!&.&$2 4%)(0(2(+!
&1 3-! + 42 +4&%+ (). (#+,!%# 2*+ 0 $1
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&- +!3$%51, $+"/)$!+$0)$!& !+%#%&0!&."$!. &-
+'3+#-$+"/-+$0) !##- GSH. 0! !$- !351 !##' #%&. )
'3") "*2") + 3 ! !352! !!,2! 3!60 3 !+'. 80"$! " 3&'#)
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!%3!#"3%$!!(%!4'"3,'3!$!$! 50 +('##$!
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!$%".#(40..
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+' ! 4!"$' 4'3"! + 5+&%+, 2*+ *()0 &! 4',
(!#&$2 4&!"0 %(. ) (3%#+") !+3'., $!$0 $! ) &!"). !
$1!' 3! 4!2+ 4',+ ("!+$1 3)*!"31 (+ *)"31+ ")
#!*"(0)"))5$4'")!+-.-".. (8*)30! Champe Harvey "#.
114) ($2+"0(+"*06!3 ) 4'") ) +!%) 0! ! &."'
!30) E $! C.
(!,+"#&$% 3)*!"3% + $!!'$) (#!3' !(!$ (0(4!
+!%), ('&3!(++(4)#-2!!(!$!54.$%3)*!"3%32"!"
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.
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13,.!3)3#2)&!"0!.;!*!0!+(.'$), :3). 3(1#+,
!3!0!!#'$!$!)!3(0!;$0"!'&!*%!$!!#!*!$'(2*+
")3!$2!54.$2+"0$!32!##!"+3'##!$'")+&0!. 3#2)
!+ 45'*)$ ") 4'$! + !$!4)3!/$1 2+ 2000-2001 " "&!$%
&3$%"1"!!')).
%* ) 3#2) !+ 0!: ! &0 $03)") ) ($ $!'"!") )
"+##&'&.*%.)). 25 '&!*%!#2*)"!. !40&3!!"+##2*)$!
' 2000 !(%'$# (8. ))[10].
,3-),3/ (#)*2#"3/) %'!,:
Tordylium apulum($!+$!#0!): (2* 2, 426 mg/100gr +&%', 32&")3
"+&$2."))"+#$!-$,%#).[10]
Portulaca ("04!):(2* 12, 2+ 0. 4mg /100gr +&%'[10]
Chichorium spinosum (!3!&$'):(2* 9, 78 + 0, 05mg /100gr +&%'[10]
Stypocaulon Scoparium (1$)):(0")$!-$,%#)[10]
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!"#$%&'()*+,- .
/" 0
0!""1 023""#1
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#&!,0!(+*)"3("!3&!!$'+3)!+(0)")
,3)
Rumex (#'(!):(2*)3&!#1)("%)!"+#$-,!#- 102, 56 +
3, 13 mg/100gr $!!1'+[10]
Chichorium pumilum($*- (+&3!0): (2* 93, 643 + 0, 28 mg /100gr
$!!1'+[10]
Foeniculum vulgare('!):(2* 82, 521 + 0, 60mg /100gr +&1'+[10]
!*!3)#%!("'(0")$!":
Allium Subhirstum (&%(!"):2* 14, 54 + 0, 65mg/100gr +&1'+[10]
Stypocaulon scoparium:2* 6, 735 + 0, 52 mg/100gr +&1'+[10, 11, 12]
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B.
.B2
20B
!"#$%&'()*+,- 0B
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0!""1 .B23""#1 .0B.
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* 2*+ !53)0 !#&$' ! 2*+ !53)0 4 +(!*+ ")
#&!,0!(+*)"3("!3&!!$'+3)!+(0)")
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8"5#"""4#"#C?!"#9C#"
D;" 8"5#"""4$E!-#45""FG38:FE!
B B
00B 2B
B 0B0
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0 !"" 0B 0B2 3""#1 B2 .B
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:?#( .B. .B2
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A; B 2B
"4)* 02B B
*2*+!53)0!#&$'!2*+!53)04+(!*+")#&!,0!
(+*)"3("!3&!!$'+3)!+(0)")
**$E!-HIJKLMN,O(&'+L',+P%QL',R'MS(&'+,T%+JU'+VWSJ*(L'M*+K'M'(S
***#45""FG3HTM*,)%VPOXQLY(',SFG3
11118:FE!H&'+*+Z,LN(L'+VWJ)&(YMFE!
5*'%3 Oenothera pimpineloides:0! 2! ,+% 3 3&'#) !54.$ 4'"). 2* 0,
222 + 0, 018$E!-#45""FG3
Ranunculus Ficarioides:2* 3,812 + 1, 27$E!-#45""FG3
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Prasium majus('"):2*!+5)32)"+&$2.")!-$,%#) $!"+#$2
,!%# 0, 818 + 0, 27$E!-#45""FG3
Chichorium pumilum(!4$#'"!):2* 0, 696 + 0,55$E!- #4 5""F
G3
Urospermum picroides(&6*%): 2* 0, 83 + 0, 2$E!-#45""FG3
Foeniculum Vulgare('!):2* 1, 041 + 0, 15$E!-#45""FG3
Algae(+$-4)): 9* ")3!$ !54.$ 4'") 2,367 + 0,19$E!- #4
5""F G3. (2*!- $,%#)$!"+#$2,!%#. 9*%3.'##!
!54.$'%(.-$!2$!+!%)[10, 17, 18, 19]
.
%" (Portulaca oleracea): 2* !+5)32! ("' !- $,%#), !30) ,
+!%)$!'##![10]
.
#' (Chichorium spinosum):2*")3!$'("'!30) C, B-$!0),
!-$,%#), ,!%# $! +!%). !- (0") ")3!$ 0! ) (!+"0!
##$152 (W3)[10]
8!"6%3"4',3#2(+0*!.'"))($"1"!")'&.
*%."+&$-)$!!(!!$'."*0!:
Foeniculum vulgare (3'!):2*4',3,2,#!4-[10, 17, 19]
Apium Graveolens (&"2#)): 2* ,#!42 !(0), !30) C,
8!30) E, $!,#$%51[10, 17, 19, 68]
Cynara (&!&$'!):2* $+0. !30) $! 4', !30 +
"+3(#2&3!8[10, 17, 19, 68]
Portulaca oleracea(#"04!):2* !30) , !30) C $! !30)
81(!30)). )3!$'("'8-$!0)$!##$152, (!!))$!.
[10, 17, 19, 68]
Rumex ('(!):2*")3!$'("'!30) C[10, 17, 19, 68]
Urtica dioika ("+$04!): 2*,#!42, $$0)[10, 17, 19, 68]
Taracacum officinale (!!5'$): 2*!30), !30) C $!!30) D,
$!- (0") $! !30 + "+3(#2&3! 8. (0") $! $!4 $!
,!%#[10, 17, 19]
Hypochoeris (+(*0): #)$! 8 +.(!/$' 04) + &2+ !+1 $!
!!$'#+=!4+$+0.*)3$11(+3 Luteolin isoetin.$1,#!%[10,
17, 68]
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Centaurea idaea (!1): 82)$!%(2* 8 04),#!-[10, 17, 19]
0!$! 4 (+!$#+0 0!!(% 3#2)[68]
(+ 2& &! )"1"!") (-3
!&0!*%!. (%!!(#2"3!!#2(+3%!(!!4"!$'$)$'*('$!
0!(#1"!",#!43!(!!('.,2#)(+2*+&!)$!#1)+&'
+!-(+&!"31.
!"#$"#%$&$'()'*%+%",-+.'/!"'0%!$'#'"#!&$"#'0%!$%"$'#"'
[*K\+Y, ]O*+V%'Q&M %*V%'Q&M ^,O'%,XQ&M (Y\%*KXM N+_%&Q&M L,*(Y&%'Q&M
]`*(a, . 0. 0 b2
_*+KN*(L, b b2 .
c,PKS 0 0 0 . . 2
(OV(XQa*( 0 0 b.
,O'L,O&`J( 0
^`N(a, 2 .0 b b b
'(\OXQ&(V(S 0 b0d,*',N+'`V+( 00 b .
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(0
5' (Taraxacum officinale):
!06")3!$%%#")+&0!$!0!4!0!&.")!(+$+4'"):
+3'##")(%#)=)&! (2)*#)4%*+$1")$!& !+%!#)%
!($'#" ,0#+"+$.1
- 9*4+)$24%)
- 4!)$24%)
- ('##+$%51!(%&!"3%
- 9+!(245!%2*!,#&3-4)4'")"!(0$!$!3(0!0!
*"3")!(0!)!*+(!#30!$!)$!4!$!+30![10, 11]
%" (Portulaca oleracea):
- 9*4+)$2$!!"$+$24%) (#%&.(#1"!($$%)!"!30) C)
- ##$%51 (W3) (+(2*"+3'##")30.")$!4(!-$!)
*#)"%#) (Chol)
- ! (#)($' $!' ) !'(+5) . $!$$- $+'. $! $!' .
$!4!&&!$-")3'.!,10!(#1"!"8-$!0)[10]
4!,/ (Sonchus oleraceus L):
- 0!$!4.$%
- *+3%+3(0!*)"3()0"!"2(![10]
+' (Bryonia officinalis):
- !!(#!"$%!03!
- 9*4+)$24%)
- !!06!,'
!!!! !+5)32("%)3(0!0!4)#))-4)[10]
&' (Asparagus):
- 2* 4+)$+"0! )!"(!!&0), )(0!"+3'##")!'(+5)$!
!!2.").$+'.[10]
-
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%" (Urtica dioika L):
- !!3$24%)
- 4!)$24%)
- +)$24%)[10]
' (Plantago):
!,1##!+2*+!4!)$2$!4+)$24%)[10, 41]
' (Cynara):
- !(#!"$%+!03!
- +3'##")!(0!)+(2!")
- (#"3!$%$!')!)"$#+"), !,1!(3!$1)*#)"%#)
(chol) !(%!03![10, 57]
-
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587../.
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4!4$!"0!!!&-")$!"+##&'&.*%.0!"*4%'&."). +
)4!4$!"0!, !+1"$33')#!/$$+60!, +%(+3!, !--!&0!3
)3'4")(,$-(#),-, (0$!3!,2!"*4%!"+04)!!(%
&'"&'. 9"$!$,'#!!+%)&!"0!!"06!"*4%5#$#+!(%
(,$2 (#),0 (+ "+#2*)$! !(% )#$.32+ $!0$+ *.- )
""!' ) $! !(% *.' $' ") (* !#0. ) $!- !(%
(".($ (0! . "+!$- ) &!"0! !+, $!- 04 0! $'$
(!!4"!$- *.- +31!$#0+. #),0 (0")*)"3()$!!(%
8!#&$% $! +#&$% 5$% + !!4', .[1]
+, #(%, ) 3'4")
&-". !(% &' " &' 4$%(), "*4% 0!!, ! #+!0! (! *%! 3 )
3!'"+") !&$- (#)+"3- " (%#, !##' $! 3 ) !##!& 3%4. .
(/%.$!."+)-3!&$$!4!,(+(2!#2%(6."!
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2# ) '5). !!4"!$' !(#1 ) !##!$$ #1")") (04 (+ 4
+('*+,2"$!$)(+$'. $!#$!0(#)+"3%+3-!$!"++('*+
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"+##*0$!%((+!$!!!#.0.
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!(%&+3! &!0 % "! 32) !+' + ,+1, 2*+ "+&$.0 3&!#1
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"*0!0!")!$3+$!*-3!3!#!$%, &!!(2()5!&.&+. !
')$!$!(0"+##2&!(.2-.
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!!&.06!1$#!. !%"!!3,'##$!40""0&+3)!$%$!
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%(!!&-")+0!),.&!,0!$!)(")3$+3!"0!(! %#
(+"+!-!4!,2!(%%("%(.
!(""%!*%!3!61!!,1##!$!33!)06!, "'##!3%)
06!$!"3$'!,1##!$!)06!. ((-"(+4*)"3(0)06!
$!#%0!!$%!32%(-"!(!!3033!)06!"24!,.
!+%%($!*%5!!#!"'!##'$!)*#.04!43-!. 9"
3 !+% %( ("!1! "('! 04) ) ##)$ *#.04! %(.
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"+##& '&. *%. ! (2(! !(,+*0 !(% 32) (+ 4 0! $!!'
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2(! 40 4!0) ("* ") "+##& . *%. 4!0! ") !* )
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$!'=+5). !!=15 ! !,1 ! 3!' 63!0" &! 5-10 3 #0&% ")
$!"!%#!. ,1!"!&&0"$!!3'""3$'(!$'$!, $#0"$!#'!
"!$+#'$!!+'$!!*%!4!)1!&! 8 (0(+3"$!!=1$).
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3+.4'. 3% ! !! $!!"1 *.0% !,!-! ! *4' $!
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