1st Rooty Roofs RO

8/8/2019 1st Rooty Roofs RO

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Gray dusty buildings dominate modern cities andpollution ruins what little life is left. To counteractthese, offers aesthetic, functional, ecologicalsolutions to make a better, cleaner world.

Your roof will take roots!

Knowledge, imagination and teamwork are thefundamental principles through which we design andbuild versatile, efficient and strong databases

The future may be green - bril l iantly green!


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Through our extensive network of partners, we acquire raw materials from manycountries allowing us to build unique roofs which match our customers rigorous requirements. Ouroffer is all encompassing, including even plants specific to each climate.

These suspended gardens have many advantageous effects, such as reducing energy

consumption, cooling the building and extending the life of the roof. Most importantly, using greenroofs is good for the environment: they negate the damage caused by the widespread use ofconcrete and they reprocess carbon dioxide.

A database that centralizes all the information regarding our companys transport system ,building sites, clients requirements and the current ecological status of their buildings

is useful as it allows us to reduce our carbon footprint.

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There are many construction companies aroundthe world. With the advent of climate change and thecountless problems associated with pollution, they areexpanding their product line with more ecologicaloffers. A recent development is roof greening.

Partnering with over 100 companies in Europe,- International is one of the innovators in roofgreening. Our company designs, installs andmaintains roofs. We serve a forward lookingclientele that is concerned with the environment andwants more eco-friendly buildings.


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Internet resourcesGreen Roofs: Green Roof Portal, Green Roofs in North America, US Green Building

Council (LEED Standard)Renewable Energy Sources: US Dept. of Energy, Energy Information

AdministrationSupply Chain Management: Master Thesis (Supply Chain Management in a

Packing Company), IBM Research DepartmentPhotos and Ideas: Hundertwasser's Waldspirale, Hundertwasser's Art

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Interviews

Mr. Octavian P explained the EU

administrations policy regarding theenvironment and how the member statestrade or plan to trade their carbon credits.

He seemed very enthusiastic about theidea of creating a conceptual model that willallow the company to minimize humans

negative environmental impact.

Brenna T

ERC, IBMIMBPD Delivery CentrePhone: +44 0870

Octavian P

General ManagerMinistry of Environment andDurable DevelopmentPhone: +40 727

We exchanged emails and gatheredresearch materials regarding the IBM

Carbon Center of Excellence.The documents provided helped us

understand the methods through which ITcan influence the reduction of the carbonemissions from all the other industries.

After combining all the information, wesketched the outline of our ERD.


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Company Structure

Our multinational company has branches in many countries. In some cities, where ourproducts are very popular, we have more than one branch, each located at a different address.

Branches establish partnerships with other companies that supply materials and fulfilvarious needs. Branches can share partners. The rule of thumb for choosing partners is closestone first as this results in shorter distances travelled and less fuel used; also, less pollution.

Offer and Clients

Green roofs are intensive or extensive. Intensive roofs resemble parks and require severalfeet of ground soil, while extensive ones are suitable for the average home. Because the roofs

are composed from pre-planted modules made of recycled plastics, they are easy to assemble.For each roof requested, we need to know its parameters: soil depth, area, climate, etc.Wealso offer alternative energy sources such as photovoltaic panels.

Clients are either individuals or legal entities. They acquire green points based on theeco-friendliness of the materials requested for their roofs (we know the individualcharacteristics of the materials used a green status and can calculate their cumulative effect).Our clients are rewarded with special discounts and offers depending on the number of greenpoints accumulated.

Projects consist of one or more roofs and, usually, we are required to design, install andmaintain the roof. At the request of our client, we can also inspect the building (using the LEEDStandard) in order to establish the net effect on the environment.

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Carbon Footprint

We measure the impact individuals and organizations on the environment in terms ofgreenhouse gases produced. We track the relevant parameters both for our customers and forourselves. This monitoring process helps us reduce pollution caused by the production andtransportation of our products.

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LEED Rating System

has LEED Accredited Professional employees.Our company is specialized in the following ratingcategories: New Construction, Existing Building,Core & Shell, Commercial Interiors.

Buildings are inspected and granted a number of

points that determine its certification level.There are four possible certification levels:

Certified 26-32 pointsSilver 33-38 pointsGold 39-51 pointsPlatinum 52-69 points

The credit categories (total 69 points):Sustainable Sites 14 pointsWater Efficiency 5 pointsEnergy & Atmosphere 17 pointsMaterials & Resources 13 pointsIndoor Env. Quality 15 pointsDesign Process 5 points


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Atransport is the shift of materials between two nodes that are defined by their latitudeand longitude. Through integration with specialized mapping software, we can calculate theactual distances travelled. Anode may be the roof building site, a supplier location, one ofour warehouses, or a route node a map location necessary to completely describe a route(e.g. maritime port, road stop, etc.) Route nodes can be used in conjunction with mathematicalmodels (or algorithms) in order to obtain the most efficient route through a number of givennodes. We always need to know how much of each product is in a node and how much is in transit.

Products are transported in special recyclable containers, tracked by GPS. We know thestate of our products; the containers are capable of maintaining adequate ventilation and otherparameters, such as temperature and humidity, within established optimal ranges.

Each of our branches has several employees responsible with entering data pertaining to the

supply chain. We need to know at all times that our products are in a good condition.

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Materials, originating in many countries andsupplied by our partners, are transported to thebuilding sites via trucks, planes, ships or rail cars.For each of these, we need to keep track of the waytheir use impacts the environment (fuelconsumption, carbon emissions, etc.)

Regardless of means of conveyance, theenergy consumption depends on various factors,such as: vehicle size, weight (with and without load),configuration, motor power, engine, transmission.,and the slope/gradient of the landscape (plane, hills,mountains), characteristic of each country.


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We aim to create a comprehensive database for our green roof company because theneed to catalog, present, and maintain projects and case studies in one central location offersmany benefits not only for our business, but also to researchers, designers, architects, students,public policy people, governments, and the market.

The items in need of resolution, as identified by our conceptual model, are:improving our offer, by making a larger variety of plants and materials available;

identifying and reducing the main factors that have a negative impact on theenvironment (especially those resulting from transport process), by generating reports andstatistics;

keeping track of our raw materials, while they are in transit, by generating periodical

reports about their state and location.

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This diagram showsthe various phasesmaterials go through:from our partners

manufacturing plants totheir integration in roofs.


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We always have an up to date registry of thetransports scheduled. If we need materials or plantsfrom a specific certain node, we evaluate all theexisting routes passing through it and we choose themost eco-friendly one.

CONTAINER, SHIPMENT. Goods are transported via shipments, each of which contains one

or more containers, which are frequently polled to ascertain their position and internal condition.The data gathered is recorded in CONDITION and GPS POSITION . A shipment is eitherincoming or outgoing (as recorded in its type attribute). Incoming shipments increase theamount of material in a node while outgoing shipments decrease the amount. Shipments may bedelivered directly to a building site (a ROOF) or to a warehouse or supplier location (a NODE).

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TRANSPORT UNIT. Depending on the transport type (air, water, ground),we store the parameters relevant to the pollution caused. EC (energyconsumption) is characteristic for each transport unit supplied by a partner.For ships, it also depends on whether it is going upstream or not. For trucks, it is

calculated through a load factor, which varies when the lorry is empty or full.

EMISSION FACTORS# name* carbon monoxide (CO)

* nitrogen oxide (NOx)* hydrocarbon

SHIPMENT# date# time

* type

GPS COORD.# time* latitude* longitude

CONDITION# time* humidity

* temperature

scheduled for

made by

part of

made of

localized by

the coordinates of

described by

the description of

linked to

theparameters

for

TRANSPORT UNIT# id* description* load capacity* energy cons. (EC)

LORRY* weight* ECempty* ECfull

AIRCRAFT* name

SHIP* type* oil consumption

o downstream ECo upstream EC

RAIL CAR* length* total weight* avg. energy cons. CONTAINER

# code* type* description* quantity

* max weight


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Generic modell ing

RAW MATERIAL allows various types of parameters to be stored for each material. This makespossible storing photovoltaic cell parameters, as well as plant or material characteristics .

RAW MATERIAL is an entity which contains the formal description of a product. A containermay hold a quantity of one type of goods, as indicated by its relation with RAW MATERIAL.

RAW MATERIAL contains the physical parameters of a product, while GREEN STATUS holdsthe ones that bear on the environmental impact.

The tables below show the manner in which we structure thedata about our materials its manufacturer and its properties.

desc

.by

MATERIAL PROPERTY VALUE* value

RAW MATERIAL# id* name

PROPERTY# number* name

MATERIAL TYPE# name

MANUFACTURER# id* name

the value of held by

theclassification for

producedby

the producerof

classified by

the desc.of

the holderof

linke

dto


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CLIENT, LOCATION, SITE, ROOF, BUILDING.Clients request the design, construction or maintenanceof roofs, organized in locations, that are owned by theclients. Roofs are then grouped into building sites.Start dates are primary keys because Sites may be(re)opened multiple times.

Clients may also request only inspection of theirbuildings in order to receive LEED certification.

An instance of the SITE entity is a building site fora roof, called ROOF or an inspection site for a building,called BUILDING.

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CLIMATE, ZONE, SEASON. When designing a roof, we consider the location of the building site.Depending on the climatic conditions, we suggest an appropriate selection of plants to our clients.

Combining information about the products used and the distances traveled, we calculate the eco-friendliness of roofs and projects and quantify it in green points. These measure only the eco-friendliness of the roof, while LEED Certification refers strictly to the whole building.

ROUTE, NODE. We consider transportation as beingalong ROUTEs composed ofNODEs. The latter are origins ordestinations for goods or important waypoints on the map.

The NODE LIST is an intersection entity, in the casethat a node is situated at the intersection of two or more routes.

assigned to

described bypartof

composed ofLOCATION

# address

ROOF# id* type* angle* surface* soil depth* weight* water retention* cost factor

assignedto

a building site for

ZONE# id* name

* altitude

CLIMATE# id* name* description

SEASON# name# start date* end date* rainfall* min temperature* max temperature* wind speed

composed of

part of

ownedby

the owner of

CLIENT# id * mail address* address * phone number

LEGAL ENTITY* fiscal code* company name* description* notes

INDIVIDUAL* ssn* title* first name* last name

SITE# start dateo end date

BUILDING# id

* type* habitable surface* height

carried on at

for

an inspection site for

assignedto

ROUTE

# number* max. speed

* max. weight

* max. heighto specifications

NODE

# latitude

# longitude* name

SUPPLIER LOCATION

* timetable

* phone number

WAREHOUSE* address

* phone number* total capacity

MAP LOCATION* description

part of

composedby

NODE LIST

* name

* specifications

on

com

posedby


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Assumptions

A transport is considered the shift between a minimum of two nodes. Should the transport usemore than one type of vehicle, we split it into more transports.

The database deals solely with the environmental aspect of the business. The financial andadministrative sides are handled by other databases.

A client is located in the same country as the branch in charge of his sites.

Even though some partners have branches in many countries, we treat each of them separately.

All temperatures are averages calculated over the relevant periods of the previous ten years.

Constraints

Allstar t datesmust be before theend dates.

Longitude and latitude have values between 180E and 180W, and respectively 90N to 90S.ROOF and BUILDING ids are disjoint sets. The same applies to ROOF and NODE.

Gradients represent the slope of the terrain and are measured in degrees.

We use the following measurement units:

depth, altitude: metres

rainfall: litres per square metretemperatures: degrees Celsius

emission factors: g per kWh

Statistics units are recorded thus:

embodied energy: joules

biodegradable, recyclable/ed: true/false

humidity: per cent

speed: kilometres per hour

wind speed: metres per second

area: square metres

energy consumption: kWh

durability: months

CO2 emissions: metric tonnes


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Statistics are easily generatedthrough an intuitive web interface.Here, a chart with the Green Pointsplotted for a period of two years isrequested.

And here, several offers are beingcompared in terms of their eco-friendliness.The graph generated is scaled, where 100%is the best offer available and 1% the worst.

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The chart on the left shows how acustomer can visualize what his/her optionsare when choosing the roof design.

This is a sample report that showsthe environmental impact the companyhas had in the past. It shows the numberof green points for roofs accumulatedthrough projects over a period of twoyears.

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The LEED Standard places buildings infour categories. As the chart shows, thenumber of Gold and Platinum certificationshas steadily increased over the years. By2012, we intend to have certified themajority ofGold and Platinum buildings.

2008

2007

2006

2005


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It has been a great experience to work ina team and have to analyze and choosepossibilities, create and design conceptualmodels in order to build solutions. None of these

could have been possible, had it not been for thecompetitive atmosphere of creativity encouragedby our principal Mrs. Silvia M.

We have successfully created a databasethat suits the needs of ...International.Using our database, we can obtain statisticsregarding environment and the way ourproducts affect it.

Designing the database was a challenge, aswe had to integrate a large number of entitieswithin the conceptual model.

By studying the problems of theenvironment, we realized the great importanceof pollution and the difficulties people face whentrying to solve them.

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