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平成 31 年度（ 2019 年度）

一般入学試験（前期）ＳＡ方式

【注意事項】1 ．試験開始の合図があるまで，この冊子を開いてはいけません。2．試験時間は，12 時 30 分～ 13 時 30 分の 60 分間です。3．学科別の出題科目は，下表の●で示すとおりです。

学部

試験時間 　試験科目 　掲載ページ　

1時間目（90 分）

2時間目（60 分）

3時間目（60 分）

4時間目（60 分）

数学

英語

物理

化学

生物

地学

国語

地理

日本史

世界史

現代社会

数学Ⅰ·A

学科 P. 2〜P.11

理学部

応用数学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●化学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●応用物理学科　物理科学専攻 ● ● ● ● ● ●応用物理学科　臨床工学専攻 ● ● ● ● ● ●基礎理学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●生物化学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●臨床生命科学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●動物学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●

工学部

バイオ・応用化学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●機械システム工学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●電気電子システム学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●情報工学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●知能機械工学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●生命医療工学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●建築学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●工学プロジェクトコース ● ● ● ● ● ●

総合情報学部 情報科学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●生物地球学部 生物地球学科 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●教育学部

初等教育学科 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●中等教育学科　国語教育コース ● ● ● ● ● ●中等教育学科　英語教育コース ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

経営学部 経営学科 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●獣医学部

獣医学科 ● ● ● ● ●獣医保健看護学科 ● ● ● ● ● ●

4．試験中に問題冊子の印刷不鮮明，ページの落丁・乱丁及び解答用紙の汚れ等に気づいた場合は，手を挙げて監督者に知らせてください。

5．問題には選択問題が含まれます。問題指示文をよく読み，所定の解答欄に解答してください。6．解答欄が裏面にまたぐ場合もありますので注意してください。7．解答用紙は 1枚のみ回収します。解答はすべてそこに記入してください。8．試験開始の合図があったら，解答用紙に受験地名，受験番号を記入し，解答を始めてください。9．試験終了の合図と同時に解答をやめてください。

問題冊子

英語

2 時間目

英

語

1月30日 2 時間目

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次の英文を読み，後の問いに答えよ。

The Effect of Action Video Games on the Brain

New international research has found that playing action video games could have a

beneficial effect on the brain by expanding its cognitive＊ abilities including perception, attention

and reaction time. Led by the University of Geneva （UNIGE）, Switzerland, the team carried out

two studies over the last 15 years to look at how video games can affect cognition.

（ ① ） the human brain is flexible and can learn and adapt, many previous studies have

looked at whether playing video games could cause brain changes that lead to improvements in

perception, attention and reaction time. The UNIGE team focused on one genre in particular,

action video （war or shooter） games, which have long been considered as “mind-numbing＊”

rather than a way of boosting brain power. “We decided to assemble all the relevant data

from 2000 to 2015 in an attempt to answer this question, as it was the only way to have a

proper overview of the real impact of action video games,” explained Daphné Bavelier,

professor in the Psychology Section at UNIGE’s Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences

（FPSE）.

First, a team of psychologists from UNIGE and the universities of Columbia, Santa Barbara

and Wisconsin looked at data from a total of 8,970 individuals across the world between the ages

of six and forty, including action gamers and non-gamers. All participants completed a number

of tests to measure their cognitive abilities such as spatial awareness, like being able to quickly

detect a dog in a herd of animals.

The team found that the cognition of gamers was better than that of the non-gamers,

however the findings did not answer a key question. “We needed to think about what the

typical gamer profile is,” points out Benoit Bediou, researcher in the FPSE Psychology Section.

“Do they play action-type video games because they already have certain cognitive skills that

make them good players? Or, （ ② ）, are their high cognitive abilities actually developed by

playing games?”

To answer that question, the team carried out a second study, looking at 2,883 men and

women who played games for a maximum of one hour a week. Participants were tested to

assess their cognitive abilities and then randomly divided into two groups, with one playing

action games （war or shooter games）, and the other playing control games （Sims, Puzzle,

Tetris）. Both groups played for at least eight hours over a week and up to 50 hours over 12

weeks （ ③ ） completing more cognitive tests to measure any changes.

The result overwhelmingly showed that those who played action video games improved

their cognition more than those playing the control games, with Bediou commenting that, “The

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［英－ 1］ ＜英　 　語＞

問題は全部で 4題あります。獣医学部 獣医学科の受験者は 1 ～ 4 を，その他の学科・コースの受験者は 1 ～ 3 を解答しなさい。

著作権の関係で、掲載を見合わせております。

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research, which was carried out over several years all over the world, proves the real effects of

action video games on the brain and paves the way for using action video games to expand

cognitive abilities.”

The team behind the second study pointed out that the beneficial effects in their research

were found when participants spread out the amount of time they played over weeks or months.

So they advise short sessions of repeated practice rather than playing for many hours in one

sitting.

＊ cognitive（ 2 行目）：認知の

＊ mind-numbing（ 8 行目）：思考を鈍くする

（ 1 ） 次の各英文について，本文の内容に合っていれば T，合っていなければ F と答えよ。

1 ．It was the psychologists from the University of Geneva alone that conducted the two

studies.

2 ．The first study was conducted to find out whether playing action video games has an

effect on human brains.

3 ．In the first study, a team of researchers got data from participants worldwide who

were either action gamers or non-gamers.

4 ．The first and the second researches were conducted into two groups, of men and

women respectively.

5 ．According to the result of the second study, playing action games for many hours a

day has the strongest effect on expanding one’s cognitive abilities.

（ 2 ） 次の下線の語が表すものとして，最も適切なものを 1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答えよ。

（ a ） ＜… , as it was the only way …＞（10 行目）

1 ．one genre in particular

2 ．a way of boosting brain power

3 ．to assemble all the relevant data from 2000 to 2015

4 ．to have a proper overview of the real impact of action video games

（ b） ＜Do they play action-type video games …＞（22 行目）

1 ．the team 2 ．gamers 3 ．non-gamers 4 ．the findings

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［英－ 2］

著作権の関係で、掲載を見合わせております。

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（ 3 ） 本文中の（ ① ）～（ ③ ）に入るものとして最も適切なものを 1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答

えよ。

（ ① ） 1 ．Although 2 ．If 3 ．As 4 ．Whatever

（ ② ） 1 ．on the contrary 2 ．to tell the truth

3 ．accordingly 4 ．to put it another way

（ ③ ） 1 ．afterwards 2 ．after 3 ．beforehand 4 ．before

（ 4 ） 次の各語の本文中での意味として最も適切なものを 1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答えよ。

（ a ） ＜attempt＞（10 行目）

1 ．achieving a goal or successful conclusion

2 ．giving in return for something received

3 ．drawing a picture or making a graphic representation

4 ．trying to perform, make, or achieve

（ b） ＜overwhelmingly＞（31 行目）

1 ．without any doubt at all

2 ．pleasantly in social relations

3 ．appropriately or suitably

4 ．without qualification or restriction

（ 5 ） 研究チームが行った二つ目の研究は何を調べるために行われたのかを，40 字以内の日本語

で説明せよ。ただし句読点も 1 字に数える。

［英－ 3］

著作権の関係で、掲載を見合わせております。

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（ 6 ） 下記の語（語句）を並べ替え，日本文の意味とほぼ同じになる英文を作成するとき，（ ① ）

と（ ② ）に入る語（語句）の番号を記せ。

（ a ） メディアが私たちの日常生活において重要な役割を果たす理由は，今日の世界において

何が起きているのかを私たちに教えてくれるからです。

The reason （ ① ） （ ② ）

in the world today.

1 ．the media plays 2 ．what 3 ．it tells us

4 ．is going on 5 ．why 6 ．in our everyday lives

7 ．is 8 ．an important role 9 ．that

（ b） ゲームの競争的要素は，肯定的な効果と否定的な効果の両方を生み出す。

The （ ① ） （ ② ） .

1 ．competitive 2 ．effects 3 ．element

4 ．positive and negative 5 ．gaming 6 ．both

7 ．produces 8 ．of

［英－ 4］

著作権の関係で、掲載を見合わせております。

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次の各問いに答えよ。

（ 1 ） 次の各英文の（　　）にあてはまる最も適切な語（語句）を 1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答えよ。

（ a ） Thank you for listening to our speech. Do you have （　　） questions or comments?

1 ．a 2 ．any 3 ．something 4 ．few

（ b） Betty was sitting on a chair （　　） because she was very angry.

1 ．with her arms crossing 2 ．with her crossing arms

3 ．with her arms crossed 4 ．with her crossed arms

（ c ） Do you know （　　） from?

1 ．where he is 2 ．where does he come

3 ．where is he 4 ．where he come

（ d） A child shorter than 100 cm can’t ride this roller coaster （　　） accompanied by an

adult.

1 ．since 2 ．when 3 ．if 4 ．unless

（ 2 ） 次の各英文は，一箇所訂正することによって，与えられた日本文とほぼ同じ意味の正しい文

となる。訂正すべき箇所を 1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答えよ。

（ a ） 週末，パメラはゲームばかりしている。

Pamela does anything but play video games on weekends.

（ b） 私が家に着いた時，家族はすでに夕食を食べ終わっていた。

When I arrived home, my family have already finished eating dinner.

（ c ） Ａ大学のテストは，Ｂ大学よりもずっと難しかった。

The exam of A university was very more difficult than that of B university.

（ d） この会場に入るには，身分証を見せなくてはいけない。

To enter at this hall, you must show your ID.

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1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4

［英－ 5］

著作権の関係で、掲載を見合わせております。

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次の A と B が最も自然な対話となるには，（　　）にどの会話文（語句）を入れるのがよいか。

1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答えよ。

（ 1 ） A：Excuse me. May I try this shirt on?

B：Sure. （　　　　　　　　　）

A：Thank you.

1 ．We accept credit cards.

2 ．The fitting room is over there.

3 ．What color do you want?

4 ．What size are you?

（ 2 ） A：Why don’t we go out for dinner tonight?

B：I’m sorry but I already have a plan. What about tomorrow night?

A：（　　　　　　　　　） See you tomorrow.

1 ．That’s too bad.

2 ．I’m sorry I can’t.

3 ．Sounds good.

4 ．Yes, it is.

（ 3 ） A：This muffin is so delicious. Where did you get it?

B：（　　　　　　　　　） It’s very easy.

A：Really? Would you give me the recipe?

1 ．I baked it.

2 ．At the bakery near the station.

3 ．I bought it at a grocery store.

4 ．From a box.

（ 4 ） A：What’s Tom doing now?

B：（　　　　　　　　　） I haven’t heard from him for a year.

A：Neither have I. Last time I met him, he was going to quit his job.

1 ．He’s a college student.

2 ．He’s reading a book.

3 ．I have no idea.

4 ．He’ll call you tomorrow.

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［英－ 6］

著作権の関係で、掲載を見合わせております。

著作権の関係で、掲載を見合わせております。

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（ 5 ） Ａ：You look tired today. What’s wrong?

B：I didn’t get enough sleep. I started reading a mystery novel, and it was so thrilling

that（　　　　　　　　　）

A：Oh, you should go to bed early tonight.

1 ．I can’t read now.

2 ．I was sleeping.

3 ．I could sleep well.

4 ．I couldn’t stop.

［英－ 7］

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英

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次の英文を読み，後の問いに答えよ。

Bigger Cities Do More with Less

For centuries people have viewed cities as unnatural human conglomerations＊, affected by

problems such as public health crises, aggression and the high cost of living. Why, then, do

people throughout the world keep leaving the countryside for the city? Research that has

formed a multidisciplinary＊ science of cities is beginning to reveal the answer: cities concentrate,

accelerate, and diversify social and economic activity.

The numbers show that people who live in cities produce more inventions and create more

opportunities for economic growth. Often large cities are also the greenest places on the planet

（ ① ） people living in denser habitats typically have smaller energy footprints＊, require less

infrastructure and use less of the world’s resources per person. Compared with suburban or

rural areas, cities do more with less. And the bigger cities get, the more productive and

efficient they tend to become.

This new science of cities is becoming possible because of the increasing availability of

information－official statistics as well as new measures of human and social activity－on cities

and metropolitan areas worldwide.

By studying the data, covering thousands of cities around the world, we have uncovered

several mathematical “laws” that explain how concentrating people in one place affects economic

activity, return on infrastructure investment and social vitality. （ ② ） the rich diversity of

metropolitan regions across the U.S., China, Brazil and other nations, we found a surprising

universality in the way that socioeconomic＊ characteristics increase with a city’s population.

For example, if the population of a city doubles, whether from 40,000 to 80,000 or from four

million to eight million, we see an average increase of around 15 percent in measures such as

wages and patents produced per person. If eight million people all live in one city, each person’s

economic output will typically be about 15 percent greater than if the same eight million people

lived in two cities of half the size.

The data also reveal that cities’ use of resources follows a similar, though opposite, law.

When the size of a city doubles, its material infrastructure－anything from the number of gas

stations to the total length of its pipes, roads or electrical wires－does not. （ ③ ）, these

quantities rise more slowly than population size: a city of eight million typically needs 15 percent

less of the same infrastructure per person than do two cities of four million each. On average,

the bigger the city, the more efficient its use of infrastructure, leading to important savings in

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［英－ 8］

獣医学部 獣医学科の受験者は次の問題も解答しなさい。その他の学科・コースの受験者は，解答する必要はありません。

著作権の関係で，掲載を見合わせております。

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materials, energy and emissions.

Our findings also show that these patterns of increased productivity and decreased costs

hold true across nations with very different levels of development, technology and wealth.

Although we have much more information for cities in richer parts of the world, we are

beginning to obtain good data from rapidly developing countries as well, and they seem to fit

the same pattern.

＊ conglomerations（ 1 行目）：寄せ集め

＊ multidisciplinary（ 4 行目）：学際的な

＊ energy footprints（ 8 行目）：排出される CO2 を吸収するために必要とされる土地面積

＊ socioeconomic（19 行目）：社会経済的な

（ 1 ） 次の各英文について，本文の内容に合っていれば T，合っていなければ F と答えよ。

1 ．It is not until recently that metropolitan areas caused serious problems for our

physical and mental health.

2 ．It is wrong to say that large cities are always more polluted than the countryside.

3 ．More information on cities is making it possible to construct the new science of cities.

4 ．From the socioeconomic point of view, big cities of the U.S.A. and China are not so

different from each other.

5 ．The bigger cities become, the more energy each inhabitant uses in daily life.

（ 2 ） 次の下線の語が表すものとして，最も適切なものを 1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答えよ。

（ a ） ＜… and efficient they tend to become.＞（11 行目）

1 ．suburban areas 2 ．cities

3 ．people who live in cities 4 ．the world resources

（ b） ＜… , and they seem to fit the same pattern.＞（35 行目）

1 ．data from rapidly developing countries

2 ．cities in richer parts of the world

3 ．information for cities

4 ．our findings

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［英－ 9］

著作権の関係で，掲載を見合わせております。

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（ 3 ） 本文中の（ ① ）～（ ③ ）に入るものとして最も適切なものを 1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答

えよ。

（ ① ） 1 ．because 2 ．while 3 ．although 4 ．when

（ ② ） 1 ．Since 2 ．Despite 3 ．In case 4 ．However

（ ③ ） 1 ．For example 2 ．Therefore 3 ．Instead 4 ．Accordingly

（ 4 ） 次の各語の本文中での意味として最も適切なものを 1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答えよ。

（ a ） ＜diversify＞（ 5 行目）

1 ．to change something so that there is greater variety

2 ．to separate and go in different directions

3 ．to jump into water with your head and arms going in first

4 ．to find out something by guessing

（ b） ＜efficient＞（30 行目）

1 ．producing the result that is wanted or intended

2 ．producing the result that is not wanted or intended

3 ．doing something worse with a lot of money

4 ．doing something well and thoroughly without wasting energy

（ 5 ） 本文で述べられている統計研究によると，人口 400 万人の都市に住む人の平均時給が 1,000 円

の場合，人口 800 万人の都市に住む人の平均時給はいくらになると予測されるか。最も適切

なものを 1 ～ 4 から選び，番号で答えよ。

1 ．850 円 2 ．985 円 3 ．1,015 円 4 ．1,150 円

（ 6 ） 本文の第五パラグラフで挙げられているインフラの具体例を日本語で四つ書きなさい。

［英－10］

英

語

著作権の関係で，掲載を見合わせております。

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