1987 Philippines

7/25/2019 1987 Philippines

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1987PhilippinesConstitutionArticle IIISection 5 and 6


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Section 5 The Free Exercise of eli!ionNo law shall be made respecting an

establishment of religion, or prohibitingthe free exercise thereof. The free

exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without

discrimination or preference, shall forever

be allowed. No religious test shall berequires for the exercise of civil or political rights.


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"eanin! of eli!ionAccordin! to Concise #xford

$ictionar%& reli!ion is the 'elief in and(orship of a superhu)an controllin!po(er& especiall% a personal *od or !ods+a particular s%ste) of faith and (orship+ apursuit or interest follo(ed (ith de,otion+


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Aspects of eli!ions Freedo)1+ The separation of Church and State.+ The freedo) of reli!ious profession and(orship

Freedo) to 'elie,e in a reli!ionFreedo) to act in accordance (ith such'elief


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The esta'lish)ent clause The constitutional pro,isions not onl% prohi'its le!islationfor the support of an% reli!ious tenets or the )odes of(orship of an% sect& thus forestallin! co)pulsion '% la( ofthe acceptance of an% creed or the practice of an% for) of(orship 'ut also assures the free exercise of one4schosen for) of reli!ion (ithin li)its of ut)ost a)plitude+It has 'een said that the reli!ion clauses of theConstitution are all desi!ned to protect the 'roadestpossi'le li'ert% of conscience& to allo( each )an to'elie,e as his conscience directs& to profess his 'eliefs&and to li,e as he 'elie,es he ou!ht to li,e& consistent(ith the li'ert% of others and (ith the co))on !ood+


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The Esta'lish)ent ClauseAn% le!islation (hose e ect or purpose is to

i)pede the o'ser,ance of one or all reli!ions& or to

discri)inate in,idiousl% 'et(een the reli!ions& isin,alid& e,en thou!h the 'urden )a% 'echaracteri ed as 'ein! onl% indirect+ /ut if the statere!ulates conduct '% enactin!& (ithin its po(er& a!eneral la( (hich has for its purpose and e ect toad,ance the state4s secular !oals& the statute is ,aliddespite its indirect 'urden on reli!ious o'ser,ance&unless the state can acco)plish its purpose (ithouti)posin! such 'urden+


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eli!ious $e,otionAnent the representation that attendance to reli!iousde,otion is not a cut in pu'lic ser,ice alle!in! thatpeople of "usli) faith can acco)plish )an% !ood deedsoutside o ce such as pro)otion of unit%& peace andunderstandin! a)on! the people )ust si)ilarl% 'ere:ected+ The theor% is that a reli!ious 'elief '% itselfcannot in an% de!ree a ect pu'lic interest ;Text'oo< onthe Philippine Constitution& =ector SC A $e >eon& 1991

Edition?+ The pro)otion of unit%& peace andunderstandin! is a ri!ht acco)pan%in! the ri!ht toreli!ion as it parta


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Freedo) @ot to Associate(Republic Act No. 3350) (as intended to ser,e

the secular purpose of ad,ancin! the constitutional ri!htto the free exercise of reli!ion& '% a,ertin! that certainpersons 'e refused (or


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A Funda)ental Personal i!htand >i'ert%

eli!ious freedo)& althou!h not unli)ited& is afunda)ental personal ri!ht and li'ert% and has a

preferred position in the hierarch% of ,alues+Contractual ri!hts& therefore& )ust %ield to freedo)of reli!ion+ It is onl% (here una,oida'l% necessar% topre,ent an i))ediate and !ra,e dan!er to thesecurit% and (elfare of the co))unit% thatinfrin!e)ent of reli!ious freedo) )a% 'e :usti ed&and onl% to the s)allest extent necessar%+


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i!ht& @ot A'solute"ore i)portantl%& the ri!ht to act in accordance (ith

one4s 'elief is not and cannot 'e a'solute+ Conductre)ains su':ect to re!ulation and e,en prohi'ition forthe protection of societ% + It )a% not 'e used to :ustif%an action or refusal inconsistent (ith !eneral (elfare ofsociet%+ #ne of the re!ulations i)posed in its exercise isthe co)pliance of !o,ern)ent e)plo%ees to Section 5of the #)ni'us ules relati,e to the nu)'er of (or


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Church ,ersus Statee are not persuaded that '% exe)ptin! the

Deho,ah4s itnesses fro) salutin! the a!& sin!in!

the national anthe) and recitin! the patrioticpled!e& this reli!ious !roup (hich ad)ittedl%co)prises a s)all portion of the schoolpopulation4 (ill sha


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Church ,ersus StateAfter all& (hat the petitioners see< onl% is

exe)ption fro) the a! cere)on%& not exclusion

fro) the pu'lic schools (here the% )a% stud% theConstitution& the de)ocratic (a% of life and for)of !o,ern)ent& and learn not onl% the arts&sciences& Philippine histor% and culture 'ut alsorecei,e trainin! for a ,ocation or profession and'e tau!ht the ,irtues of patriotis)& respect forhu)an ri!hts& appreciation of national heroes& theri!hts and duties of citi enship& and )oral andspiritual ,alues4 as part of the curricula+


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Church ,ersus StateForcin! a s)all reli!ious !roup& throu!h the

iron hand of the la(& to participate in a cere)on%

that ,iolates their reli!ious 'eliefs& (ill hardl% 'econduci,e to lo,e of countr% or respect for dul%constituted authorities+ Further)ore& let it 'enoted that coerced unit% and lo%alt% e,en to thecountr%& assu)in! that such unit% and lo%alt% can'e attained throu!h coercion is not a !oal that isconstitutionall% o'taina'le at the expense ofreli!ious li'ert%+ A desira'le end cannot 'epro)oted '% prohi'ited )eans+


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Section6 The i!ht of A'ode and the i!ht to Tra,el

The liberty of abode and of changing thesame within the limits prescribed by lawshall not be impaired except upon lawfulorder of the court. Neither shall the right

to travel be impaired except in theinterest of national security, public safety,or public health, as may be provided by

law.


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"eanin! of A'ode and Tra,el

Abode refers to a place (here

a person has esta'lished hisresidence+

Travel refers to the act of)o'ilit% !oin! in or out ofplaces (here one pleases


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*rounds to i)pair ri!ht totra,el

interest of national securit%&

pu'lic safet%&pu'lic health&as )a% 'e pro,ided '% la(


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In n case of interest of national securit% andpu'lic safet%& Filipinos )a% 'e prohi'ited in

tra,ellin! to countries (here there is threatof terroris)+In case of pu'lic health& health o cers )a%restrict access to conta)inated areas andalso 3uarantine those alread% exposed tothe disease sou!ht to 'e contained+ ;Isa!aniCru & Constitutional >a( ;.BBG?& citin!>oren o ,+ $irector of =ealth& 5B Phil 595?



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#ther than national securit%& pu'lic safet%& and pu'lic health&no other !round can restrict the person4s ri!ht to tra,elunless there is a la( pro,idin! for such other !round+ Such

la( )ust 'e enacted '% Con!ress& the le!islati,e 'ranch ofour !o,ern)ent+ An exa)ple of a la( (hich pro,idesli)itation on the ri!ht to tra,el is the =u)an Securit% Act+I)pair)ent of the ri!ht to tra,el )a% also 'e )ade asconse3uence of the pendenc% of the cri)inal case led+Article III& Section 6 of the 1987 Constitution '% no )eansli)it the inherent po(er of the Courts to use all )eansnecessar% to carr% their orders into e ect in cri)inal casespendin! 'efore the)+ hen '% la( :urisdiction is conferredon a Court or :udicial o cer& all auxiliar% (rits& process andother )eans necessar% to carr% it into e ect )a% 'ee)plo%ed '% such Court or o cer ; ule 1G5& Section 6& ulesof Court?+



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ho )a% order the i)pair)entof ri!ht to tra,elH The ri!ht to tra,el )a% 'e i)paired upon la(fulorder of the court or '% the appropriate executi,e

o cer+

The li'ert% of tra,el& )a% 'e i)paired e,en(ithout court order& 'ut the appropriate executi,eo cer is not ar)ed (ith ar'itrar% discretion to

i)pose li)itations+ =e can i)pose li)its onl% onthe 'asis of national securit%& pu'lic safet%& orpu'lic health and as )a% 'e pro,ided '% la( +

1987 Philippines

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Transcript of 1987 Philippines