16h00 29.07 donato aranda (noticias)
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Transcript of 16h00 29.07 donato aranda (noticias)
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Controle de Qualidade de Biodiesel e Misturas
Em Condições de Fluxo Frio
Prof. Donato Aranda,
UBRABIO
Lab Tecnologias Verdes, Greentec
Escola de Química/UFRJ
São Paulo, Julho, 2011
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INFLUÊNCIA DA MATÉRIA-PRIMA SOBRE AS
PROPRIEDADES DO BIODIESEL
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%Canola
Safflower
Sunflower
Corn
Olive
Soybean
Peanut
Cottonseed
Yellow
grease
Lard
Beef
Tallow
Palm
Coconut
Saturated Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated
INCREASING CETANE NUMBER (CN) AND STABILITY
BETTER COLD FLOW PROPERTIES
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Palma, o óleo vegetal de menor
custo de produção
Palm Oil: Production Cost – US$ 44/bbl
Apenas no Pará existem cerca de 6 milhões de hectares para o
plantio da palma. Isso já seria suficiente para uma completa
substituição do diesel pelo biodiesel, no Brasil
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Mais de 25 ton de cachos/ha
Teor de óleo de 25-30%
Cerca de 40% de ácidos graxos saturados
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Cloud Point
Temperature where crystals first appear
Cold Filter Plugging Point The lowest operating temperature in
which a vehicle will operate
Pour Point Lowest temperature where fuel is
observed to flow
Três importantes parâmetros de frio que definem
a operacionalidade de Diesel e Biodiesel
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CRYSTALS GROW AND
BEGIN TO ADHERE TO ONE
ANOTHER
UNDERSTANDING THE COLD FLOW MECHANISM IN DIESEL
FUEL AND BIODIESEL
NUCLEI
LARGE CRYSTALS
ADHERE, TRAPPING LIQUID. POCKETS
ARE FORMED SIMILAR TO A HONEY
COMB. FUEL GELLED.
Pour Point
VISIBLE CRYSTALS
Cloud Point
More wax
precipitates as
the temperature
decreases
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FATTY ACIDS – MOLECULAR STRUCTURES
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B20 COM BIODIESEL VARIANDO PROPORÇÃO
DE SEBO E SOJA DE O A 100 %
-20
-18
-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
CP (ºC)
PP (ºC)
CFPP (ºC)
Diesel de inverno com CFPP de -18 C, Ponto de Névoa de -19 C e
Ponto de Fluidez de -28 C
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Pour point for biodiesel blends made with 3 methyl esters and
one diesel fuel (diesel pour point = -17 o F)
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 20 40 60 80 100
Blend Level (%)
Tem
pera
ture
(oF
)
SME
ETME
HYGME
VARIAÇÕES NO PONTO DE FLUIDEZ COM BIODIESEL DE SOJA ,
SEBO E ÓLEO DE FRITURA EM DIFERENTES BLENDS
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PONTO DE NÉVOA DE BLENDS DE BIODIESEL DE SOJA COM 3
DIFERENTES TIPOS DE DIESEL
Cloud point for biodiesel blends made from 3 diesel
fuels and SME (SME cloud point = 34 o F)
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
0 5 10 15 20
Blend Level (%)
Tem
per
atu
re (
oF
)
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CONCLUSÕES
•Com biodiesel de soja, até B20, o uso de
diesel de inverno com CFPP -17 C neutraliza qualquer problema de cristalização .
Já o uso de sebo mesmo em B20 pode trazer
problemas no inverno para teores acima de
20% de sebo tendo balanço em soja.
É fundamental o uso de diesel de baixo CFPP
para absorver maiores concentrações de
biodiesel no inverno do Sul do Brasil
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Obrigado !
www.greentec-ufrj.com
“ God causes all things to work together for good to those who love Him” ( Rm 8,28)