#129 (190) 9-16 , )*% 2011 ) . .% #%Z( % 3) # ( %)1 %...

robert sturua daqarTul-somxuriurTierTobebis

zogierTi Tavisebureba

9-16 agvisto 2011

#129 (190) 9-16 agvisto 2011 saxalxo moZraoba „samegrelos“ organo 30 TeTri

sergei kremliovi

beria _ XX saukunis

saukeTeso menejeri

Targmani roland jalaRaniasi4

iehj,eve11guri otobaia

monopolia _ korufciis cinikuri, Tavxeduri, boroti da mzakvruli sqema!monopolia (berZnulad monopolia): risame

warmoebis an gayidvis gansakuTrebuli ufleba, rac

ekuTvnis erT pirs, pirTa jgufs, an saxelmwifos. 2.

(gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT) upiratesoba, pirveloba

raime saqmeSi. 3. msxvili kapitalisturi

gaerTianeba, romelic warmoiSveba warmoebisa da

kapitalis koncentraciis safuZvelze meurneobis

romelime dargSi gabatonebisa da maqsimaluri

mogebis miRebis mizniT.

(ucxo enaTa leqsikoni).

mkiTxveli ukve mixvdeba, jer “moqalaqeTa kavSiris”,

Semdeg ki “nacionalebis” mier ucxoeTidan

saqarTveloSi importirebul romel ubedurebazea

saubari.

meoce saukunis oTxmocian wlebSi jer kidev “sab-

WoTa” sazogadoeba xSirad erToboda TamaSiT, romel-

sac erqva “monopolia”. specialur sabaraTe sqemebze

saxsrebad miniSnebuli firfitebis optimaluri gan-

lagebiT unda migeRwia warmatebisaTvis _ minimaluri

danaxarjiT unda ageSenebina mTeli qalaqi Tavisi

samrewvelo, saganmanaTleblo, kulturuli, jandacvis,

safinanso, samxedro, administraciuli, socialuri Tu

sayofacxovrebo struqturebiT.

amdenad, am TamaSma da socialisturi politekonomi-

is leqciebidan mosmenili sityva “monopolia” so-

cializmidan kapitalizmSi moulodnelad aRmoCenili

postsabWoTa sazogadoebisaTvis arc Tu avi JR-

eradobis mqone sityva gaxldaT.

magram, Turme, es mTlad ase rom ar yofila, rac

male sakuTar Tavze datexili ubedurebiT iwvnia

mTelma qarTvelma erma...

yvelaferi win iyo!

avadsaxsenebeli SevardnaZis epoqaSi arnaxul simaR-

leze avida korufciis maCvenebeli, romlis uvertiura

gaxldaT “TeTri melas” mier specialurad aRorZineb-

uli postkomunisturi kriminokratiisaTvis meurneo-

briobis sadaveebis gadacema, nomenklaturisaTvis

dausjelobis sindromis damkvidreba, saerTo ukon-

troloba da biznesSi dasaqmebuli nomenklaturosanTa

ojaxebis wevrebisaTvis usazRvro uflebebis micema.

maSin saqarTvelos ekonomika mTlad bolomde

“ganviTarebuli” ar iyo (mkiTxveli ise nu gamigebs,

rom TiTqos dRes dalagebuli da srulyofili

ekonomika gagvaCnia), magram eduard SevardnaZis mier

“qarTuli ekonomikis asaRorZineblad” “msoflio

bankidan” da sxva masonuri organizaciebidan xdeboda

uzarmazari saxelmwifo sesxebis aReba, romelic

TiTqmis mTlianad midioda krimonokratiis jibeSi

(es saZraxisi tendencia Seiqmna da gansakuTrebul

simaRleebze avida niko lekiSvilis premierobis

dros, rac “warmatebiT” gaagrZeles mas Semdeg

mosulma premierebmac) qveyanas ki xangrZliv (Tu

samudamo ara) kabalas uqadda. qveynis ekonomikas

aRorZinebisa araferi etyoboda, xelisuflebisa da

saeWvo reputaciis mqone komerciuli struqturebis

mier “dagoimebulma” xalxma ukanaskneli qoneba gamoi-

tana mSrali xidis bazrobaze gasayidad, raTa Sim-

SiliT ar amoZvromoda suli. SedarebiT win ki

wavida navTobkorporaciis biznesi, romelsac eduardis

ZmisSvili _ nugzar SevardnaZe flobda. ratomRac,

mxolod swored mas aRmoaCnda biznesis usazRvro

“niWi” da mokle xanSic iSovna aseulobiT milionebi,

SeiZina mravalsarTuliani saxli orTaWalaSi (axla

rom saqarTvelos finansTa saministroa ganTavsebuli,

vidre masac quTaisSi gadaitanen), Semosva Senobas

garSemortymul galavanze Sevardnebi da moawyo

Tanamedrove interieriT damSvenebuli ofisi. mxed-

velobidan mxolod is gamorCa, rom misi gvari ula-

mazes frinvel “Sevardens” ki ar ukavSirdeboda

(Tundac, rogorc SevardeniZe), aramed viRacasTan say-

aCaRod da saavkacod “Sevardnils” niSnavda, rasac

utyuarad adasturebs kidec misi biZis eduardis

mravalwliani “moRvaweoba”.

mokled, “Sevardnebisa da xalxis dayaCaRebis di-

dostatma” eduard SevardnaZem mravalgzis daadastura

Tavisi gvaris warmomavloba da masobrivi korufciiT

sayaCaRod Sevarda yvela qarTul ojaxSi da lamis

yuaze daiyvana erT dros ekonomikurad da socialurad

Zlieri saqarTvelo. misi politikuri da adminis-

traciuli Tavxedoba iqamdec ki mivida, rom erTxel

sajarod ganucxada mTel qarTvel ers: “saqme arc

ise cudaTaa, Tqven rom ggoniaT! korufcias frTxilad

unda movekidoT, radgan swored amis wyalobiT

uamravi qarTuli ojaxi irCens Tavso”!

Tumca, misi es gancxadeba bevrad ufro koreqtulad

da WeSmaritebismomcvelad gamoiyureba, maSindeli

kriminokratiis moqmedebis fonze, vidre dRevandeli

“nacionalebisa”, romlis “direqtori” saakaSvili

mTeli rixiT acxadebs, rom korufcia, Cveni ZalisxmeviT

saqarTveloSi sabolood aRmoifxvao. da es maSin,

roca qveyanas momakvdinebel metastazebadaa modebuli

saxelisuflebo biznesnomenklatura da korumpire-

buli umaRlesi xelisufleba xalxs yvlefs da

aRatakebs korufciis usazizRresi formiT _ sasic-

ocxlo sferoebis monopolizebiT!

dRes ukve lamis “nacionalTa” xelisuflebac ki

aRar uaryofs, rom benzinis biznesi mTlianad aqvs

Cagdebuli xelSi saakaSvilis ojaxs. swored erTi

adamianis, an adamianTa viwro wris boroti SeTqmulebis

Sedegia is, rom saqarTveloSi lamis erTi fasi aqvs

evropidan da azerbaijanidan Semotanil sawvavs, maSin,

roca azerbaijanSi erTi litri pirobiTi sawvavis

Rirebuleba mxolod 0-80 TeTrs Seadgens. es sakiTxi

xom dResaviT naTelia yvelasaTvis!

roca qarTvel xalxSi protestis grZnoba

xelketebiTa da xelTaTmanebiviT maTze morgebuli

“kanonebis” moSveliebiT Cakles, “nacionalebma” miaR-

wies imas, rom ukve Riad da daufaravad axdenen im

dargebis monopolizebas, romelic qarTveli xalx-

isaTvis sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis saarsebo wyyaros

warmoadgens. energomatareblebisa da sawvav-sacxebi

masalebis garda, saqarTveloSi srulad monopolize-

bulia farmakopreparatebiT, fqviliT, zeTiT, SaqriT,

mariliT, xorciT, ZexveuliT, qaTmis barklebiT,

egzotikuri xiliT, Tevzisa da xorcis konservebiT,

burRuleuliT, xil-bostneuliT, tkbileuliT da sxva

pirveladi moxmarebis sagnebiT vaWroba!

amas winaT TbilisSi gaZvirda samarSruto taqsiT

mgzavroba da xalxis protests meriam marTlac rom

Tavxeduri pasuxi gasca: kerZo struqturebs Cven ver

vakontrolebT da fasebsac isini Tavisi SexedulebiT

gansazRvraveno. saintereso ki is aris, rom yvela

samarSruto taqsze gaCnda mgzavrobis Rirebulebis

absoluturad erTnairi abra „0-80 TeTri“, rac imis

mimaniSnebelia, rom Rirebuleba erTma struqturam

daadgina da es struqtura qalaqis meriaa.

swored es gaxlavT monopoliis cinikuri forma!

Tavisufali konkurenciisadmi monopolisturi sax-

elisuflebo mafiis idiasinkrazia imiTac gamoixateba,

rom daundoblad sdevnian Telavel saxalxo mkurnal

biWiko (domenti) gagniZes, romelmac kibosa da sxva

mourCenel daavadebaTa wamali gamoigona da nobelis

premiaze wardgenis nacvlad dapatimrebas upireben

mas!

aseve mkacrad monopolizebulia qveyanaSi bitumis,

parfiumeriis, saamSeneblo da saremonto-mosapirkeTe-

beli masalebis Semotana, tualetis qaRaldiTa da

qaRaldis xelsaxocebiT mosaxleobis momarageba!

monopolizirebulia dedaqalaqSi avtomanqanebis

dayenebaze kontroli da avtomanqanebisagan xelisu-

fleba imden Tanxas iRebs, ramdenic moeprianeba!

xelisuflebis mier, aramc Tu monopolizirebuli,

aramed daurideblad okupirebulia qarTuli tele-

sivrce, reklamebiTa Tu politikur-apolitikuri seq-

torebiT!

kidev darCa rame?

rogor ara, kidev darCa, Tu darCa _ wyali, Suqi,

bunebrivi airi da gaRatakebul mosaxleobaze nagvis

gatanis usaSvelod gaberili xarjis dakisreba. ara

da, arc mTlad xumrobiT vityviT, rom damSeul

xalxs nagavSi gadasayrelad ukve aRaraferi rCeba,

radgan danakargis gareSe iTvisebs danasisxlad

nayid bostneulsa Tu xils...

monopolizebul seqtorebSi dominirebul

saqonelze fasebi ki regulirdeba ara sabazro

principebidan gamomdinare, aramed isini igegmeba

maRal saxelisuflebo kabinetebSi, ra Tqma unda, mx-

olod monopolistebis sasargeblod da xalxis

sazianod!

ase moxda mimdinare wlis zafxulis dasawyisSi,

roca xelisuflebam saqonlis dakvlisa da misi

sarealizaciod gatanis ufleba mxolod nataxtrisa

da TeleTis sasaklaoebs mianiWa, ramac myisierad

gamoiwvia saqonlis xorcis gaZvireba 50-70 procen-

tiT...

mokled, saqarTvelos araqarTul xelisuflebas

yvela qarTvelis jibeSi aqvs xeli Cayofili da ro-

gorc surs, ise afaTurebs. yvelaze didi ubedureba

ki is aris, rom xelisufleba am jibeSi imaze bevrad

nakleb Tanxas debs, vidre miaqvs!

seqtemberSi pensiebs 20 lariT vzrdiTo! _ lamis

gamoayrues yiJiniT mTeli samyaro, magram, amasobaSi

samomxmareblo kalaTa rom 50 larze metiT gazardes,

amaze krints ar Zraven.

da xalxis zombirebuli masa amas udrtvinvelad itans!

swored amiT gaTamamebuli mixeil saakaSvili

iZaxis _ saqarTveloSi korufcia sabolood aR-

moifxvrao, rasac brmad ukraven kvers da taSsac an-

gaJirebuli viTom arasamTavrobo organizaciebi da

qrTamze sulgayiduli ucxoeli eqspertebi!

ganukiTxaoba badebs monopolias, saxelisuflebo

Zaladobas, sabiujeto xarjebis gaumWvirvaled xarjvas

da sxva mraval ubedurebas. vidre saakaSvilis

xelisufleba boginobs, verasodes SevityobT Tu

gadamxdelis jibidan amoRebuli biujetidan ra

Tanxa daixarja „stingebisa“ da sxva avtoritetuli

Semsruleblebis Camoyvanaze SimSilisagan daosebul

qveyanaSi!

axla, isRa darCa, rom xelisuflebam Jangbadze

aiRos monopolia da sunTqvis reJimi dagviwesos!

Tu droze ar movalT gonze da Sesabamis daskvnebs

ar gavakeTebT, male albaT eg Savi dRec gagviTende-

ba!

r. jalaRania,„fazisis“ akademiis wevri

2Cven erTi patara mdinare gvyofs 3

saxalxo moZraoba „samegrelo“ da gazeTi„ilori“ ulocaven cnobil qarTvel politikoss, mecniersa da sazogado

moRvawes

baton aleqsandre WaWiasdabadebidan 51-e wels, usurveben janmrTelobas, bednierebas pirad

cxovrebaSi, dRegrZelobas da uSret

energias, raTa Cveuli SemarTebiT

gaagrZelos moRvaweoba saqarTvelosgamTlianebisaTvis

ilori2 9-16 agvisto 2011

robert sturuas da baia amaSukelis

dialogma saagento saqinformis saitze,

qarTul mas-mediaSi didi vnebaTaRelva

gamoiwvia. ufro sworad, erTma frazam

am dialogidan – saakaSvils imitom ar

uyvars qarTveli xalxi, rom qarTveli

sulac ar aris, somexiao. „liberasti“

garewrebi maSinve Tavs daesxnen maestros

da Seecadnen CaeqolaT is TavianTi

Rorisebri CliqebiT. sturuas es gancx-

adeba „mravalerovnuli saqarTvelos“

wevrma keTilma adamianebmac

gaaprotestes, romlebic TavianT war-

mosaxvaSi isev „xalxTa Zmur ojaxSi“ –

ssrk-Si cxovroben. reJisoris gamonaTq-

vamebma mZafri kritika daimsaxura somx-

eTis inteleqtualur wreebSic, razec

qvemoT gveqneba saubari. magram mTavari

es ki araa, aramed is, rom am istoriam

nebsiT Tu uneblieT gaaSiSvla realurad

arsebuli, magram miCumaTebuli (keTili

ganzraxvebis gamo) problema – kerZod,

qarTvelebis da somxebis mier erTmaneTis

aRqmis problema.

saqarTvelos da somxeTs Soris saek-

lesio ganxeTqileba, rasac adgili hqonda

me-7 saukuneSi, roca qarTuli eklesia

daadga qalkedonis saeklesio krebis

dadgenilebebis Sesrulebis gzas, xolo

somxebma ar miiRes monawileoba am kre-

baSi da monofizitebad darCnen, didi

mniSvnelobis mqone movlenaa am ori

xalxis cxovrebaSi. Tumca saeklesio

ganxeTqilebam rodi miiyvana mezobeli

da moZme xalxebi dapirispirebamde –

bevri magaliTi arsebobs amis Semdegac

qarTvelebsa da somxebs Soris Tanam-

Sromlobis da urTierTdaxmarebisa, rac

efuZneboda interesTa Tanxvedras. magram

am movlenam mainc gamoiwvia or xalxs

Soris garkveuli gaucxoeba. konfesiuri

gansxvaveba zemoqmedebas axdenda ori

sxvadasxva tipis koleqtiuri fsiqologi-

is Camoyalibebaze, gansxvavebuli

msoflmxedvelobis formirebaze. magram,

qarTvelebis da somxebis zogierTi

Taviseburebis axsna, gansakuTrebiT maT

mier erTmaneTis aRqmis konteqtsSi, Znelia

mxolod konfesiuri gansxvavebebiT.

Zalze dakvirvebul adamians – andrei

amalriks – romelmac breJnevis epoqaSi

saqarTveloSi da somxeTSi imogzaura,

STabeWdileba darCa, rom qarTvelebi da

somxebi or ZmasaviT arian, romlebic

mudmivad Cxuboben. msgavsi ram me

Semxvedria sxva arakavkasiel avtoreb-

Tanac, visac Cveni qveynebi mounaxulebia.

Zmoba Zmobad, magram ra aris mainc am

mudmivi davis arsi, romelsac ucxoelebi

amCneven da romelsac Cven – somxebi da

qarTvelebi – vaCumaTebT politkoreq-

tulobidan gamomdinare?

saqme isaa, rom am ori eTnosis urTier-

Tobebi didwilad ganpirobebulia maT

mier sakuTari istoriis mZafri gancdiT.

qarTvelebi da somxebi ara mxolod saT-

uTad epyrobian TavianT mravalsaukunovan

istorias, iseve rogorc bevri sxva xalxi

msoflioSi, aramed, SeiZleba iTqvas, cx-

ovroben am istoriiT. sabWoTa epoqaSi

istoria warmoadgenda erovnuli siamayis

mTavar sagans qarTvelebisTvis da somxe-

bisTvis, da es maSin, roca maT hqondaT

sakmaod ganviTarebuli ekonomika da cx-

ovrebis maRali done. igive viTarebaa am

mxriv dResac, roca aRarc ganviTarebuli

ekonomikaa da aRarc cxovrebis done. es

SeiZleba arc yofiliyo problema, magram

ori eris „istoriuli interesebi“ xSirad

gadaikveTeba xolme, Tanac sakvanZo sak-

iTxebSi – qarTvelebis da somxebis is-

toria xom metad mWidrod aris gadaxlar-

Tuli. amitom bunebrivia, istoriuli

faqtebis sxvadasxvagvari interpretacia

orive mxridan aRar rCeba mxolod spe-

cialistebis gansjis sagani, is ileqeba

ori xalxis cnobierebaSi.

am mocemulobas pirdapiri kavSiri

aqvs Tanamedrove politikasTan, ormxriv

urTierTobebTan. gamaRizianeblis rolSi

SeiZleba aRmoCndes ara mxolod javax-

eTis regionis an calkeuli taZrebis

„istoriuli“ kuTvnileba; aranakleb

sazogado-politikur mniSvnelobas iZens

qarTveli da somexi istorikosebis

tradiciuli kamaTi iseT sakiTxebze, ro-

goricaa bagratidebis warmomavloba, qar-

Tuli anbanis warmoSoba da sxva mravali.

ufro xSirad somexi istorikosebis pre-

tenziebi komikur xasiaTs atarebs, maTi

dausabuTeblobis gamo, Tumca zedmetad

emociuri reagireba qarTuli istoriuli

mecnierebis da sazogadoebis warmomad-

genlebis mxridan xSirad aranakleb

komikuri xdeba.

naTelia, rom erTic da meore mxarec

eTnikuri kategoriebiT azrovnebs. somxe-

bisTvis mniSvnelovania miniSneba maT

„uZvelesobaze“ da „kulturtregerul“

rolze kavkasiaSi („anbani Cven SegiqmeniT,

qristianobac mogeciT, Tbilisi Cven

avaSeneT da saerTod, yavis smac Cven

gaswavleT“). qarTuli inteligencia, rode-

sac uaryofs somxuri istoriuli mec-

nierebis argumentebs, romlis calkeuli

warmomadgenlebi iqamde midian, rom

leonardo da vinCisac somexad acxadeben,

sapasuxod Seaxsenebs somex kolegebs

imas, rom maT saerTod ar hqoniaT sax-

elmwifoebrioba me-11 saukunidan dawye-

buli, 1918 wlamde, da rom somxeTi

araerTxel yofila qarTuli samefos

SemadgenlobaSi, xolo somxebi stumarT-

moyvare qarTul miwaze saxldebodnen.

zemoT aRwerili situacia sulac ar

aris „sabWoTa produqti“. politizire-

buli polemika istoriul Temebze xSirad

warmoSobila qarTul-somxuri mezoblo-

bis xangrZlivi istoriis ganmavlobaSi,

Tumca is gansakuTrebiT gamZafrda me-19

saukunis bolos, nacionalizmis epoqaSi,

rac maSin mTels evropas iyo modebuli.

sabWoTa periodSi ki es „paeqroba“ la-

tentur xasiaTs atarebda, magram sulac

ar gamqrala.

postsabWoTa droSi istoriulma Tem-

atikam politikis konteqstSi ukve Tavi

iCina javaxeTis sakiTxis garSemo. ro-

gorc cnobilia, 1990-iani wlebis da-

sawyisSi, roca saqarTveloSi qaosi mefob-

da, regionis administraciul centr ax-

alqalaqSi, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-

bis Senobaze, somxuri droSa frialebda.

somexi mosaxleobis umravlesobas, ro-

gorc javaxeTSi, ise Tavad somxeTSi, mt-

kiced swams, rom es regioni istoriulad

somxuria. asea Tu ara sinamdvileSi,

axla ar gvainteresebs, mTavaria is, rom

istoriulma aspeqtma Tavi iCina konkre-

tul momentSi, da sruliad TvalsaCino

politikuri SedegebiT. saqarTvelom mx-

olod TandaTanobiT aRadgina kontroli

javaxeTze da aRkveTa garkveuli Zalebis

pretenzia mxaris politikur-kulturuli

avtonomiis Sesaxeb. rogorc ukve vwerdi

saagento “regnumisadmi” micemul erT-

erT interviuSi, saqarTvelo separatizmis

gaRvivebisgan javaxeTSi ixsna somxur-

azerbaijanulma SuRlma (Tumca, SesaZloa,

igive iTqvas qvemo qarTlis regionzec,

sadac azerbaijanelebi cxovroben).

istoriuli aspeqtis meore mxare,

romelic zegavlenas axdens Tbilissa

da erevans Soris politikur urTier-

Tobebze, aris calkeuli taZrebis

kuTvnilebis sakiTxi (qarTuli Tu somx-

uri eklesiebis mier), da somxuri eklesiis

iuridiuli statusi saqarTveloSi. am

sakiTxebs aranaklebi feTqebadsaSiSi po-

tenciali aqvT, vidre teritoriul davebs.

amaze metyvelebs qarTuli sazogadoebis

araerTgvarovani, rbilad rom vTqvaT,

reaqcia saqarTvelos parlamentis mier

religiuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb kanonis

miRebaze, rasac ewinaaRmdegeboda qar-

Tuli marTlmadidebeli eklesia. sakmaod

mZafri reaqcia gamoiwvia somxuri saek-

lesio delegaciis, cota ar iyos, „mim-

wolma“ qcevam. es viziti ar dasrulebu-

la warmatebulad da saqarTveloSi

negatiurad iyo aRqmuli. qarTuli sam-

Rvdeloebis garkveuli nawili, magaliTad,

meufe zenonis saxiT, Tvlis, rom parla-

mentis mier kanonis miReba warmoadgens

„somxuri eklesiis gamarjvebas“ qar-

Tulze. aseve miiCnevs qarTuli sazoga-

roebriobis mnivnelovani nawilic. Zneli

araa imis mixvedra, rom saeklesio qonebis

flobis sakiTxma SeiZleba kidev ufro

gaaZlieros vnebaTaRelva, radgan swored

mxareebis mier erToblivi istoriis

„konkurentuli“ aRqma ar aZlevs maT

saSualebas, wavidnen gonivrul kompro-

misebze. rac Seexeba saqarTvelos, Semi-

Zlia vamtkico mxolod Cemi dakvirvebis

safuZvelze, magram dabejiTebiT: qarTuli

sazogadoeba mzad aris wavides

gacilebiT met daTmobebze, vTqvaT, afx-

azebis mimarT, romlebTanac omi gvqonda,

vidre somxebis mimarT (kidev erTi sain-

tereso faqti: afxazeTis omis

gaxsenebisas saqarTveloSi gansakuTre-

bul siZulviliT moixsenieben ara imde-

nad afxaz mebrZolebs, da TviT momaval

Crdilokavkasiel teroristebs, aramed

bagramianis saxelobis somxur batalions.

SesaZloa, es SenaerTi gamoirCeoda kidec

sisastikiT, magram problema aq ufro

metad imaSia, rom is dakompleqtebuli

iyo eTnikuri somxebiT). amis axsna

TiTqmis SeuZlebelia, Tu ara imiT, rom

mxareebi erTmaneTs uyureben istoriis

prizmaSi da ara Tanamedroveobis da

racionaluri interesebis gaTval-

iswinebiT.

ase rom, rober sturuasTan dakavSire-

buli SemTxveva arc kerZoa da arc

eqskluziuri, is asaxavs realurad arse-

bul problemas, riTac unda dakavdnen

politikis eqspertebi. reaqcia somxur

presaSi sturuas gamonaTqvamebis Sesaxeb

(magaliTisTvis viRebT grigor aganianis

statias JurnalSi „erovnuli idea“)

qarTveli eqspertebisTvis sayuradReboa

ara mxolod imiT, rom davakvirdeT, Tu

rogor reagireben somexi eqspertebi ama

Tu im gancxadebaze saqarTvelodan, aramed

im mizeziTac, rom vicodeT, ra warmod-

genebi aqvT maT saqarTveloze. aganianis

zemoTaRniSnuli statia am kuTxiT sain-

tereso momentebs Seicavs.

g. aganianis statiaSi „ratom uyvars

robert sturuas SuSaniki da ratom

srulebiT ar uyvars mixeil nikolozis

Ze“ Tavmoyrilia mravali is stereotipi,

romlebic arsebobs somxur sazogadoe-

baSi saqarTvelos mimarT. amave dros,

statia ar aris gaJRenTili apriori an-

tiqarTuli suliT, da bevri qarTveli

avtoris naSromisgan gansxvavebiT, rom-

lebic mZafrad gamoexmaurnen qarTul

da somxur eklesiebs Soris gamarTul

molaparakebebs, somexi avtori adekvaturi

da akademiuric ki rCeba.

pirveli, rac am statiidan Cans, isaa,

rom qarTul eTnikur mravalferovnebas,

anu qarTuli subeTnosebis arsebobas

(qarTlelebis, romlebsac avtori Sec-

domiT uwodebs qarTvelebs, kaxelebis,

imerlebis da a.S.) somxeTSi negatiurad

aRiqvamen, miiCneven raRac problemad,

romelic qarTvelebis gaRizianebas iwvevs

da TiTqos amaSi isini somxebs

adanaSauleben. CemTvis, da vfiqrob Zalian

bevri qarTvelisTvis, amgvari (sub-)eT-

nikuri mravalferovneba misasalmebelia,

radgan is amdidrebs qarTvel xalxs, da

istoriuladac, sruliad SesaZlebelia,

rom swored aman gadaarCina saqarTvelo

– roca gareSe agresorebis zewola

modioda qarTlis samefoze, kaxeTi mSvi-

dobas inarCunebda da piriqiT, roca

qarTlSi mdgomareoba wynardeboda, kaxeTi

iRebda Tavis Tavze ZiriTad dartymas

da a.S. es Cemi piradi hipoTezaa, magram

nebismier SemTxvevaSi qarTuli eTnosis

araerTgvarovneba gamonaklisi araa; vTq-

vaT, bavarielebs da brandenburgelebs,

Svabebs da qvemo saqsonelebs Soris

TvalSi sacemi gansxvavebia, magram isini

erTian germanel ers Seadgenen da es am

eris plusad iTvleba. somxur politikur

azrovnebaSi ki dadebiT movlenad miiCneva

eTnikuri erTgvarovneba.

meore. somxuri politikuri azri na-

cionalistebad da armenofobebad aRiq-

vams me-19 saukunis meore naxevris qarTv-

el ganmanaTleblebs da sazogado moR-

vaweebs, pirvel rigSi, ilia WavWavaZes da

akaki wereTels. es axali ambavi araa, ma-

gram es momenti unda gvaxsovdes.

qarTvelebisTvis saTayvano avtorebi

Cveni mezoblebisTvis „persona non

grataa“. Tu ratom aris ase, calke gansax-

ilveli Temaa, magram faqtia. aganiani

maT gvarebs rusulad patara asoTi wers,

xolo sityva ganmanaTlebels brWyalebSi

svams, rac mianiSnebs mis damokidebule-

baze am adamianebis mimarT.

mesame. somxeTSi gavrcelebulia azri

(aganiani am SemTxvevaSi marto namdvi-

lad ar aris), rom qarTul inteligen-

cias erTgvari Suri aqvs somxebis mi-

marT: „dawyebuli me-19 saukunidan, roca

daiwyo qarTuli inteligenciis

formireba, Suris da armenofobiis Wia

dasaxlda, pirvel rigSi, WavWavaZeebisa

da wereTlebis gulebSi, romlebic Tavis

Tavs „ganmanaTleblebad“ acxadebdnen,

da maT mimdevrebSi“. cota gaugebaria,

riT aris gamowveuli qarTuli Suri

somxebis mimarT, albaT, mxedvelobaSi

aqvT somxebis mdidari savaWro klasis

arseboba tiflisSi. magram ilia

WavWavaZe, akaki wereTeli da maTi

uaxloesi TanamebrZolebi ar iyvnen

maincdamainc Raribi adamianebi, maS

ratom unda hqonodaT maT Suri somxebis

mimarT? albaT, igulisxmeba ara qarTuli

inteligencia, aramed qarTveli xalxi

mTlianobaSi. Cven ar SevudgebiT aq

somex avtorTan diskusias, miviRoT es

azri, rogorc mocemuloba, rogorc

stereotipi, romelic arsebobs somxeTSi.

Tumca SevniSnavT, rom analogiuri Sexed-

uleba arsebobs saqarTveloSi – rom

somxebs SurT qarTvelebis. b-ni aganiani

odnav gaerTo da sxva somxuri

stereotipebic CamoTvala, romlebic

qarTvelebis mimarT arsebobs: „ratom

aris, rom qarTveli glexebis 70-80 %

ymaa, xolo somxebi – ara? ratomaa

Tbilisis mosaxleobis didi nawili

somexi? ratom ar hyavda ori saukunis

ganmavlobaSi qarTlis dedaqalaqs

qarTveli qalaqis Tavi?“… albaT, es

faqtebic iwveven qarTvelTa Surs, magram

somxebs SurT is (qarTuli versiiT),

rom maT TiTqmis ar hyavdaT sagvareulo

aristokratia, ar hqondaT saxelmwifoe-

brioba, mTlianad dakavebuli iyvnen

vaWrobiT, anu „vaWrukanebs“ warmoad-

gendnen, maSin roca qarTvelebs „mebr-

Zolebad“ saxeli hqondaT moxveWili

kavkasiaSi. somxuri samxedro aris-

tokratia (magaliTad, arRuTinski, bebu-

Tovebi) Camoyalibda swored mefe erek-

les karze. aganians polemikur aRelve-

baSi daaviwyda is, rom aRmosavleT

saqarTvelos sulac ar marTavdnen

gamuslimebuli „mefukebi“ 1801 wlamde,

anu ruseTTan SeerTebamde. erekle meore

marTlmadidebeli qristiani iyo da

mefed ekurTxa, rogorc qristiani mefe,

is aqtiurad ereoda iranis Sinaur

saqmeebSi (Sahad gaxdomaSi swored qris-

tianulma rwmenam SeuSala xeli – amaze

wers im epoqis erT-erTi ingliseli

mogzauri) da aravis mona ar iyo.

somxebis muslimi mbrZaneblebi erevnis

da yarabaRis saxanoebSi erekles

vasalebi iyvnen. gamodis, rom Tu erekles

CavTvliT iranelTa monad, somxebi gamodi-

an erekles monebis monebad. ai es SurT

somxebs qarTvelebis – vimeoreb, qarTuli

versiiT (da kacma rom Tqvas, logikiTac

– vaRiareb, Tunda eWvmitanili viqne

araobieqturobaSi da „proqarTvelobaSi“).

ai ZiriTadi momentebi stereotipul

azrovnebaSi erTmaneTis mimarT, rac Sei-

Zleba davinaxoT aganianis statiaze

dayrdnobiT. rogorc Cans, urTierTaRqma

ganpirobebulia istoriiT, da Tuki ara-

politkoreqtuli viqnebiT da i. stalins

davesexebiT, somxebs axasiaTebT „avadmy-

ofuri istorizmi“ (citata aRebulia

akademikos niko berZeniSvilis Canawere-

bidan qarTveli istorikosebis arafor-

maluri Sexvedris dros stalinTan 1945

wlis Semodgomaze. qarTuli teqsti ix.).

Tumca arc qarTvelebi akleben.

magram statiis mTavari azri mdgo-

mareobs SemdegSi – saqarTveloSi arse-

bobs „antisomxuri marazmi“, „qronikuli

da ganukurnebeli armenofibia“. me Cemi

mxridan mTlianad veTanxmebi amas! somxur

marazmze, romelic mdgomareobs imaSi,

rom gamoacxadon nebismieri met-naklebad

cnobili pirovneba „somexad“, Tuki eWvi

arsebobs, rom am pirovnebas wveTi sisxli

mainc urevia somxuri, qarTvelebi pa-

suxoben msgavsi marazmiT – yovel aseT

adamians „somexad“ acxadeben, Semdeg ki

swyinT, rom qarTuli istoriis gamoCenil

moRvaweTa naxevars Cveni mezoblebi Ta-

vianT marazmSi „somexad“ moixsenieben,

xolo qarTul eklesiebze weren, rom

isini „somxurebia“, Tuki maT kedlebze

erTi somxuri aso mainc aRmoCndeba.

mtkivneuli wasakiTxia amgvari ram: „Cveni

qarTveli „megobrebis“ azriT, somexad

yofna an somxuri fesvebis qona Zalian

waagavs keTrovnad yofnas“,… vaRiaroT,

Zvirfaso Tanamemamuleebo, qarTvelebo,

rom xSirad marTlac ase xdeba! parado-

qsia – Sereuli qarTul-somxuri qor-

winebebi sakmaod xSiria, magram somxebis

miuRebloba aseve gavrcelebulia. am

faqts komentaris gareSe davtoveb, Tumca,

gansakuTrebiT rusulenovani mk-

iTxvelebisTvis, davamateb, rom mixeil

saakaSvilis babua marTlac iyo Cawerili

somxad da atarebda gvars saakovi. CemTvis

es faqti arafers cvlis – mimaCnia, rom

saakaSvils iseve fexze hkidia somxebi,

rogorc qarTvelebi, magram es ukve sul

sxva istoriaa.

rac Seexeba konkretulad robert

sturuas, misi gamonaTqvamebi saakaSvilis

Sesaxeb, albaT ufro Savi iumoria, romel-

ic ver gaigo verc aganianma, verc

„mravalerovanma saqarTvelom“ da miT

umetes, verc qarTvelma svav-liberastebma.

amaT oRond sababi mieci, da siamovnebiT

daZiZgnian nebismier „antisaakaSvilur

elements“, gansakuTrebiT Tu es pirovneba

iseTi masStabisaa, rogorc robert stu-

rua. ra Tqma unda, rTulia iumoris, xum-

robis axsna, misi „daReWva“ yvelasTvis.

me piradad gulianad gamecina, roca war-

movidgine konkretuli situacia: kore-

spodenti sturuas usvams kosmiuri

masStabis SekiTxvas – ratom sZuls

prezident saakaSvils sakuTari, qarTveli

xalxi? batonma robikom, ra Tqma unda,

seriozuli saxis SenarCunebiT, am kosmiur

kiTxvaze martiv da momakvdinebel pasuxs

miagno – is xom somexia, ratom unda uy-

vardes qarTvelebi?

ar gecinebaT? maSin CaTvaleT, rom am

adgilas „smailiki“ davamate.

xolo qarTvel da somex eqspert-

politologebs, albaT, droa movuwodoT,

rom miexedos „uxerxul“ sakiTxebs da

mSvidad, adamianurad daiwyos msjeloba

tabudadebuli Temebis Sesaxeb. radgan

Tuki garkveul Temas tabu edeba akademi-

ur wreebSi, is mainc gamodis gareT,

magram ukve sxvagvari, gadagvarebuli da

amitomac saSiSi formiT.

gulbaaT rcxilaZe

evraziis institutis

direqtori

robert sturua da qarTul-somxuri urTierTobebis zogierTi Tavisebureba

ilori 39-16 agvisto 2011

Cven erTi patara mdinare gvyofs

ra ician afxazma axalgazrdeb-

ma saqarTveloze; ra uTxra

saakaSvils wlebis win da riTi

emuqreba afxazeTs ruseTi. am da

sxva sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT

“interpresniusi” zurab aCbas sax-

elobis organizaciis _

“msoflio Zaladobis gareSe”

Tavmjdomares, soxumis univer-

sitetis profesors, afxazi

erovnebis qalbatons dalila

filias esaubra.

_ qalbatono dalila, Tqven

uSualo Sexeba gaqvT afxaz stu-

dentebTan, ra ician maT

saqarTveloze da saerTod aqvT

Tu ara raime informacia?

_ Cven Zalian, Zalian cudad

rom vicnobT erTmaneTs, es Tval-

naTliv Cans maSin, roca saubars

viwyebT universitetis auditorieb-

Si; igive Cans arasamTavrobo or-

ganizaciebSi Cvens mier diskusiebis

mowyobis dros. roca sakiTxi dgeba

da ismeba kiTxva, rogorebi arian

qarTveli axalgazrdebi, irkveva,

rom maTi asakis afxazma axal-

gazrdebma maTze araferi ar ician.

Cven aranairi informacia ar gag-

vaCnia erTmaneTze.

_ ras gulisxmobT?

_ roca erTmaneTs afxazebi

da qarTvelebi vxvdebiT an saer-

TaSoriso organizaciebTan aris

Sexvedra, bevrjer vambobT _ mod-

iT, SeveSvaT politikas, gavigoT,

orive mxares rogor cxovrobs

axalgazrdoba? aRmoCndeba, rom

politikur viTarebaze ufro meti

viciT, magram ras akeTeben

qarTveli axalgazrdebi, ra xdeba

qarTul kulturaSi, mecnierebaSi,

sportSi, amaze warmodgena ar gag-

vaCnia... darwmunebuli var, aseve

araferi ician saqarTveloSi, afx-

az axalgazrdebze, maT miRwevebze

an saWiroebebze, sxva sferoebSi

arsebul viTarebaze. ukve meram-

dene welia, aranairi informacia

erTmaneTze ar gvaqvs, arafers

vambob pirad Tu koleqtiur

urTierTobebze. Zalian samwuxa-

roa.

_ sadamde SeiZleba migviyvanos

am gaTiSulobam?

_ es yvelaferi uaryofiTad

aisaxeba Cvens kulturebze. rac

ar unda xdebodes politikaSi, me

yovelTvis vambobdi da vambob,

rom saqarTvelo Tavis terito-

riaze cxovrobs, afxazeTi _

Tavisaze. arc erTi maTgani Tavis

teritorias ar datovebs da arsad

ar wava. erTi patara mdinare gvy-

ofs da rac ar unda myarad Cavke-

toT sazRvari, zecamde mainc ver

CavketavT. afxazebi da qarTvelebi

TanamezoblobisaTvis da Tanacx-

ovrebisaTvis varT Seqmnilebi.

sul rom araferi ar vakeToT, es

Caketili karebi odesme TavisiT,

bunebrivad gaiReba, radganac Cven

mezoblebi varT. rac ufro adre

vipoviT urTierTmisaReb, adamianur

da keTilganwyobil tons urTier-

TobebSi, miT ufro male daiwyeba

urTierTdaaxloebis procesi.

_ rogor perspeqtivas xedavT,

am mxriv?

_ Cven yvelani gamovediT sab-

WoTa mundiridan da afxazeTis

sazRvars gareT vurTierTobT

sxvebTan, rusul enaze. vici, rom

saqarTveloSi axla Zalian in-

tensiurad mimdinareobs in-

glisuri enis programa, rac afx-

azeTSi ar aris. magram mTavari

es ki ar aris, mTavari is aris,

rom, rac ar unda kargad

viswavloT inglisuri (rac Tavis-

Tavad urigo saqme ar gaxlavT),

es adamianebis imdenad mcire pro-

centma icis afxazeTSi, xelsayre-

li Cvens urTierTobebisTvis

namdvilad ar aris. me ar vici, ra

iqneba momavalSi, magram jerjer-

obiT asea. roca saakaSvili movida

prezidentad, SevxvdiT konferen-

ciaze avstriaSi, masTan erTad

iyo xaindrava, gaCeCilaZe... yvelani

ar maxsovs. vkiTxe maT, rogor

aewyoba Cveni urTierTobebi?

saakaSvilis xelisuflebaSi

mosvlis Semdeg didi imedi gvqon-

da, rom raRac Seicvleboda, magram

mere mivxvdi, rom saqarTvelos

politika da qarTveli eris

midgomebi sxvadasxvaa. vxedavT,

rasac akeTeben qarTveli poli-

tikosebi da amiT Cveni simpaTia

qarTuli saxelmwifos mimarT ar

izrdeba. saakaSvili, Tavis gancx-

adebebSi, axali wlis aRniSvnas

xan soxumSi, xan biWvinTaSi apirebs,

risic afxaz xalxs eSinia, eSiniaT,

rom isev omi daiwyeba. roca part-

nior qarTul organizaciebs

vxvdebiT an afxazeTSi Camodian,

gveubnebian, afxazeTi xom okupire-

buli teritoriaa? qarTveli eri

xom ganaTlebuli eria, CaixedeT

nebismier leqsikonSi, enciklope-

diaSi da naxeT, ra aris okupacia.

es aris ucxo teritoriis Zal-

adobrivad dapyroba.

_ es Zalian aqtualuri Temaa

aramarto saqarTveloSi, aramed

mis sazRvrebs gareTac. miiCnevT,

rom afxazeTi okupirebuli ar

aris?

_ roca agvistos movlenebis

dros, 2008 wels soxumis ports

moadga rusuli samxedro gemebi,

iciT, mTeli soxumi iq idga da

tiroda, maT Soris mec. erTader-

Ti, rasac im dros vambobdiT, es

iyo sityvebi _ nuTu omi ar iqne-

ba?! es iyo yvelaze mTavari, radgan

omi CvenTvis didi tragedia iyo.

TiTqmis aRar darCa axalgazrda

elita 90-ian wlebSi. 5-6 aTasi

adamianis sikvdili 100-aTasiani

erisaTvis Zalian didi cifria;

ramdeni darCa invalidi da

gaubedurebuli... kidev erTi omi

afxazi eris dasasrulia! amitomac

gveSinia saSinlad da xSirad vam-

bob, rom rusul gemebTan da

rusul blok-saguSagoebTan er-

Tad vxedav omis gareSe cxovrebis

SesaZleblobas.

_ Tumca, aseTi mcire erisaTvis

aranakleb saSiSia asimilacia da

TviTmyofadobis dakargva. miT

umetes, iseTi didi qveynis frTe-

bqveS, rogoric ruseTia.

_ diax, geTanxmebiT. ra Tqma

unda, mcire erebi yovelTvis

riskis qveS arian, miT umetes Cven,

100-aTasiani afxazi eri. Cven Za-

lian gveSinia asimilaciis. sofel-

Si gavizarde da amboben, rom arc-

Tu cudad vici mSobliuri ena,

saerTod es aris erTaderTi ena,

romelic Zalian kargad vici, meore

adgilzea rusuli. magram me vxe-

dav rogor saubroben Cemi naTesavi

axalgazrdebi, Cemi studentebi. ar

meSinia enis gaqrobis, magram

vgrZnob, rom enis codnis xarisxi

Zalian cudia. sxva didi erebis-

agan gansxvavebiT, CvenTvis mSobli-

uri ena gansakuTrebuli

mniSvnelobis matarebelia. xSirad

gveZaxian _ garusdiT, garusdiT,

garusdiTo! diax, amis saSiSroeba

aris, magram ratom xdeba es?

pirveli, rusulenovani sainfor-

macio arealia da meore _ raode-

noba. Zalian xSirad momyavs erTi

rusi filosofosis gamonaTqvami,

romelic 1915 wels bolSevizmis

siZulvilis gamo, sazRvargareT

wavida. man 1949 wels dawera sta-

tia saxelwodebiT: “riT emuqreba

msoflios sabWoTa kavSiris

daSla?”. iq aris erTi gamonaTq-

vami, romelic me Zalian momewona.

yuradReba miaqcieT. is statiaSi

ganixilavs, ra aris rusuli ena,

ra aris slavuri. wers, rom isto-

riaSi Zalian bevri faqtia, roca

slavebisgan gansxvavebiT, evro-

pelebi, sisxliT da xmliT

cdilobdnen amoeZirkvaT religia

da erovneba, rusebi ki amas aras-

dros akeTebdnen, ratom? ara im-

itom, rom isini yvelaze humanurebi

arian, aramed imitom, rom maT

nacvlad amas maTi simravle

akeTebdao.

_ ganixileba Tu ara afxazur

sazogadoebaSi, saqarTvelos aRi-

arebis SemTxvevaSi, romelzec er-

Teuli adamianebi alaparakdnen

saqarTveloSi Riad, devnilebis

dabrunebis an Tanacxovrebis sak-

iTxebi? vici, rom didi dabneu-

loba mohyva Tavis droze ruseTis

mier afxazeTis aRiarebas, aris

ki dRes afxazeTi saqarTvelos

mxridan aRiarebisaTvis mzad?

_ Zalian rTuli SekiTxvaa.

daviwyeb ruseTis mier aRiarebis

sakiTxiT, es marTlac didi

moulodneloba iyo. radgan

ruseTi yvela valdebulebas pir-

naTlad asrulebda, afxazeTis

blokirebis TvalsazrisiT. yve-

laze saSineleba is iyo, rom ma-

makacebs 16-dan 60 wlamde sazR-

varze ar atarebdnen. arafers

vambob imaze, rom Sidsze Semowme-

bis mizniT, qalebs sazRvarze

sisxlis sinjs gviRebdnen da a.S.

mokled, ra ar gadavitaneT da ra

ar gadavlaxeT. rom giTxraT,

ruseTis aRiareba eiforia iyo,

igivea, rom araferi giTxraT, es

iyo auwereli zeimi. aRiarebis

meore dRes Cemi mezobeli miyve-

boda, rom Turme mis win, mSvidobis

prospeqtze ori somexi midioda

da erTmaneTs wina dRis STabe-

Wdilebebs uziarebdnen. erT maT-

gans uTqvams, RmerTo, ras akeTebd-

nen guSin afxazebi, kidev kargi

maT atomuri bombi ar aqvT, Torem

aucileblad gaisrodnen, sxva

yvela tipis iaraRi gamoiyeneso.

ara mxolod elita, aramed Zalian

bevri adamiani dRes ambobs, rom

mSvidoba afxazeTSi SesaZlebelia,

mxolod saqarTvelos mxridan

aRiarebis Semdeg. magram Tu es

odesme moxdeba, win unda uZRodes

Zalian didi samuSao, Tu es

gaazrebuli gadawyvetileba iqneba

da ara _ aucilebloba. sxva sak-

iTxia materialuri Rirebulebebi,

sxva sakiTxia is, rom bevri ram

ganadgurebulia. afxazeTSi, jer

kidev omis dros muSaobda iuris-

tebis didi jgufi, axlac midis

muSaoba imaze, Tu ra dakarges da

gadaitanes adamianebma. afxazuri

sazogadoebis saSualo fenas Tu

aviRebT, isini ar arian qarTveleb-

Tan TanacxovrebisaTvis mzad.

_ didia danakargi qarTul

mxaresac...

_ geTanxmebiT, geTanxmebiT...

nebismier omSi danakargi or-

mxrivia. rogorc qarTveli deda

itanjeba Svilis dakargviT, ise

itanjeba afxazi dedac. Cven xSir-

ad gviwevs “dedaTa moZraobasTan”

Sexvedra, romlebmac omSi Svilebi

dakarges. 15-16 marts maTTan erTad

moviwvieT axalgazrdebic, rom-

lebmac aseve dakarges mamebi, Zmebi,

naTesavebi... movidnen ojaxebi, es

CvenTvis Zalian rTuli Sexvedra

iyo da meSinoda, radgan ar vico-

di, rogor Catardeboda. dedebi

mohyvnen TavianT vaJebze, rogorebi

iyvnen isini, sad swavlobdnen, ro-

gor swavlobdnen. uxmod ijda

mxolod erTi Saosani, romelmac

ori Svili dakarga omSi. esma

jikirba, Tqveni kolega, Sexvedris

dawyebidanve tiroda, radgan misi

ojaxi aZiubJaSi mTlianad

gaanadgures _ deda, mama, da, bebia,

babua... gadawves saxli, Tu sxva

ram.. diax, samwuxarod, ase iyo.

dialogis procesSi moxda ise,

rom me mivmarTe maT _ vici, rom

Tqven dakargeT yvelaze Zvirfasi,

rac gagaCndaT, Tqveni Svilebi;

Tqvens win sxedan axalgazrdebi,

romlebic arian maTi Tanatolebi,

Tqven bevrs laparakobT, rom

qarTvelebTan aranairi kavSiri

ar unda iyos, rac ufro viketebiT,

rac ufro metad vwamlavT erT-

maneTs, es ukve gamoucxadebeli

omia, Tqven gindaT rom es axal-

gazrdebi daiRupon-meTqi? iciT,

am frazis Semdeg saubarma saer-

Tod sxva Sinaarsi SeiZina, maT

Tqves, rom aucilebelia

qarTvelebTan Sexvedra, rom unda

visaubroT saerTo problemebze,

mSvidobaze, imaze, rom omi ar

unda iyos. Sexvedris bolos is

Saosani mdumare qalbatonic movi-

da da miTxra, rom veTanxmebi imas,

rac iTqvao, ubralod, saubris

dros tirils viwyeb da amitomac

arafers vlaparakobo. problema

imaSia, rom elitac, arasamTavroe-

bic Zalian cotas vmuSaobT, ase

vTqvaT, saSualo fenis adamianeb-

Tan. ar mivdivarT, ar vuxsniT

maT, rom kidev erTi omi aravis

unda da isini gaigeben Cvens gza-

vnils, rom mSvidoba unda dam-

yardes. unda gamoviyenoT es or-

mxrivi survili da viaroT win.

_ anu progress qarTul-afx-

azur urTierTobebSi, miuxedavad

imisa, rom omis Semdgom mravali

weli gavida, ver xedavT?

_ ara, miT umetes politikur

urTierTobebs Tu aviRebT. erT-

erT qarTul-afxazur Sexvedraze

sqemas vakeTebdiT imaze, Tu ras

sTavazobda saqarTvelo afxazeTs

da piriqiT _ afxazeTi saqarTve-

los, da erTma qarTvelma monaw-

ilem Cailaparaka _ RmerTo, ram-

deni ram gagviSvia xelidan! iciT,

rom 1995-96 wlis Semdeg, ori-sami

wlis ganmavlobaSi rogori mo-

mentebi iyo, roca mokavSire an

konfederaciul saxelmwifoze,

sxva formatze iyo saubari. yvela

winadadeba da SesaZlebloba ig-

norirebuli iqna saqarTvelos

mxridan da maTi pozicia SeCerda

mxolod gafarToebuli avtonomi-

is formatze, afxazeTTan mimar-

TebaSi. samwuxarod, es yvelaferi

inerciiT dagrovda, dagrovda da

mivediT iqamde, sadac varT. Zalian

didi gavlena am urTierTobebze

iqonia 1998 wlis maisis kodoris,

samxreT oseTis movlenebma. me

ar vsaubrob, rogor da ra iyo, ma-

gram getyviT, rom es iyo muxruWi,

ufro da ufro aqrobda prob-

lemis gadawyvetis Sansebs.

_ roca afxazeTze da am kon-

fliqtebis gadawyvetazea saubari

saqarTveloSi an mis farglebs

gareT, yovelTvis keTdeba aqcenti

ruseTis faqtorze. Tqven rogor

fiqrobT, gansazRvravs Tu ara es

momenti procesebis warmatebas

an warumateblobas?

_ mec xSirad mesmis, moskovis

xeli, moskovis xeli... adamiani

fsiqologia isea mowyobili, rom

sakuTar problemebSi mudmivad

eZebs damnaSaves. me saerTod ar

vcdilob ruseTis dacvas, magram

minda visaubro realobaze. minda

moviyvano rusi analitikosebis

azri, roca ekiTxebian, vis kandi-

daturas uWers moskovi mxars?

pasuxi erTmniSvnelovnad iden-

turia _ visac moskovi daJinebiT

SesTavazebs am patara ers, imas

afxazebi aucileblad CaZiraven.

es 2004 wels Catarebulma

arCevnebmac aCvena, mowodebam, rom

yvelas mxari unda daeWira raul

xajinbasaTvis, mas amiT daTvuri

samsaxuri gauwies da faqtobrivad

gawires, rogorc politikosi. ab-

soluturad sapirispiro arCevani

gaakeTa xalxma. Zalian xSirad

vfiqrob Tavad da aseve xSirad

mekiTxebian axalgazrdebi am

damokidebulebaze. afxazuri

politikuri kultura ar aris

evropuli, is tradiciebidan, sazo-

gadoebidan, eridanaa wamosuli

da ver aitans Zaladobas. dRevan-

deli erovnuli ganwyoba aseTia

_ ar gvinda mbrZanebloba!

ruseTis politikuri elita didia

da mravalveqtoruli, amitom yvela

SemTxvevaSi bevrs eqneba Tavisi

interesebi yvela droSi. zogi

politikosi afxazeTSi advilad

samarTavia, zogi _ rTulad. ra

Tqma unda, yvelas unda xelSi

hyavdes advilad samarTavi adami-

ani. xalxis ganwyobas gaaCnia, vis

airCeven amjerad, magram faqtia,

rom ruseTis mier Tavsmoxveul

kandidats arCevnebze mxars aravin

dauWers.

interpresniusi

girgvlianis saqmeze

evrosasamarTlos

gadawyvetilebis gasaCivrebis

vada iwurebasaqmeze „enuqiZe da girgvliani saqarTve-

los winaaRmdeg“ adamianis uflebaTa evrop-uli sasamarTlos 2011 wlis 26 aprilisgadawyvetilebis did palataSi gasaCivrebisvada dRes iwureba.

rogorc girgvlianebis ojaxis advokatmadaviT jandierma Jurnalistebs ganucxada,Tuki dRis bolomde evropuli sasamarTlossamdivno ar miiRebs erT-erTi mxaris moTx-ovnas – miRebuli gadawyvetileba gadasin-jos 17 mosamarTlisgan Semdgarma didmapalatam, igi kanonier ZalaSi Seva da sax-elmwifos misi aRsrulebis valdebulebawarmoeSoba.

„palatis gadawyvetilebis gasaCivrebisSemTxvevaSi, misi gansaxilvelad daSvebaavtomaturad ar xdeba. Tavdapirvelad xuTi

mosamarTlisgan Semdgari kolegia im-sjelebs, unda iqnes Tu ara ganxilulisaCivari didi palatis winaSe. kerZod, mom-Civanma an saxelmwifom, romelic asaCivrebspalatis mier miRebul gadawyvetilebas,„unda daakonkretos seriozuli sakiTxi,romelic gavlenas axdens konvenciisa Tumisi oqmebis ganmartebasa Tu gamoyenebaze,an zogadi mniSvnelobis seriozuli sakiTxi,romelic, misi azriT, moiTxovs saqmis ganx-ilvas didi palatis mier“. evrosasamarTlosreglamentis mixedviT. mxolod am pirobaTadacvis SemTxvevaSi iqneba didi palatauflebamosili, ganixilos saqme da gamoi-tanos gadawyvetileba“, – ganmartavsjandieri.

misive TqmiT, maTi mxare kmayofiliaevrosasamarTlos mier miRebuligadawyvetilebiT da miaCniaT, romgadawyvetileba srulyofilad da dama-jereblad asaxavs im darRvevebs, romlebsacadgili hqonda saqmis gamoZiebisassaqarTveloSi.

„evrosasamarTlo samarTlianad aR-

niSnavs, rom rogorc Sinagan saqmeTa samin-istros, ise saqarTvelos prokuraturismier Catarebulma winaswarma gamoZiebam,aseve, sasamarTlo gamoZiebam da aRmasrule-beli xelisuflebis, maT Soris, saqarTvelosprezidentis qmedebebma cxadyves, rom es in-stitutebi ar iyvnen dainteresebulni, simar-Tle dadgeniliyo am Semzaravi mkvlelobissaqmeze. Sesabamisad, girgvlianebis ojaximiRebul gadawyvetilebas ar asaCivrebs“, –aRniSnavs jandieri.

misive TqmiT, savaraudod, ministrTakomiteti moiTxovs im pirTa pasuxismge-blobas, romelTa uSualo roli gamoikveTasicocxlis uflebis upativcemulobasTandakavSirebiT, maT Soris, Ziebis periodSisimarTlis dadgenisaTvis xelisSemSlelTamimarT; Sardenis baris sufris wevrebiskavSiris dadgenas danaSaulis Rames oTxmsjavrdebulTan; oTxi msjavrdebulis miersasjelis bolomde moxdas (da ara maT xe-laxla gasamarTlebas) da sxva.

evrosasamarTlos mier konvenciis dar-Rveulad miCneul garemoebaTa xasiaTidan

gamomdinare, SeuZlebelia saqmis xelaxaligamoZiebis gareSe am darRvevaTa aRmofxvra.Sesabamisad, ministrTa komitetis miergadawyvetilebis kanonier ZalaSi SesvlisSemdeg, unda velodoT am saqmis gamoZiebisganaxlebis Sesaxeb moTxovnas, romlisdrosac uzrunvelyofili unda iqnes efeq-tiani gamoZiebis warmarTvisaTvis saWiropirobebi, maT Soris – pirebma, romelTa Se-Tanxmebul moqmedebaze evrosasamarTlomgaogneba gamoxata, ver unda SeZlon xelisSeSla Ziebis efeqtianad warmarTvisaTvis.

„rac Seexeba saqarTvelos mTavrobas,ramdenadac CemTvis cnobilia, mas ar warud-genia saCivari. savaraudod, saqarTvelosmTavroba ar gaasaCivrebs palatisgadawyvetilebas imis SiSiT, rom xelmeoredar waagos procesi kidev ufro didi le-gitimaciiT didi palatis winaSe da kidevar gairTulos sicocxlis uflebis upa-tivcemulobidan gamomdinare misi isedacarasaxarbielo da damcirebuli mdgomare-oba“, – acxadebs jandieri.

saqinformi

Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo! avtoris pa-

tiviscema sabWoTa aviakonstruqtor

andrei tupolevisadmi (mxolod ro-

gorc adamianisadmi) am wignze muSao-

bisas seriozuli gamocdis winaSe

dadga. amitom, avtoris moTxovna mk-

iTxvelisadmi _ SeinarCunos pativiscema

am pirovnebis mimarT, sul ufro da

ufro rTuldeba da fermkrTaldeba.

ar ginda amgvari “mkrexelobis” gaazre-

ba? sakonstruqtoro biuros muSaobas

Turme TviTmfrinavTmSeneblobasTan

saerTo araferi aqvs, qveynis arsebobis

garantiasTan ki mWidro kavSirSia! ese

igi, am saqmeze mxolod mbrunav bor-

balSi moqceulma, ciyviviT morbenalma

“jalaTma” beriam unda izrunos?

TeTrxelTaTmaniani akademikosi

tupolevi ki gverdze dgas! igi xom

“gadatvirTulia” gansakuTrebiT

mniSvnelovani davalebebis SesrulebiT,

xolo “seqsualur maniak” berias

sazrunavad mxolod isaa aqvs

gadaqceuli, rom Tavis adiutantebTan

erTad meaTeklaseli lamazmanebi eZe-

bos moskovis quCebSi, Tavisi

hi pertrofiuli sqesobrivi moTx-

ovnilebebis dasakmayofileblad.

da rogor reagirebs es “sulTamxu-

Tavi monstri” tupolevis upasuxis-

mgeblo, danaSaulebriv, antisax-

elmwifoebriv@ uarze tupolevis mxri-

dan? ai, rogor:

“amxanago zaveniagin! amx xruniSCevTan

(ssrk aviaciis ministri _ s.k.) da

tupolevTan (is, rom tupolevis gvaris

win ar aris miTiTebuli sityva “amx-

anagi” TavisTavad metyvelebs berias

damokidebulebaze am movlenis mimarT

_ s.k.) erTad saswrafod miiReT saWiro

zomebi. Sedegebze momaxseneT. l. beria.

1949 wlis 2 noemberi”.

pirvelad “Ту-104”-is sabombe liukebis

gaTbobis sakiTxi zernovma da xari-

tonma jer kidev 1949 wlis 7 oqtombers

daayenes vannikovisadmi miweril

moxsenebiT baraTSi. es ki imas niSnavs,

rom tupolevs maT didi xniT adre mi-

marTes aRniSnuli TxovniT, imitom, rom

me-11 sakonstr. biuros ukve hqonda

pretenziebi tupolevis sakonstruq-

toro biurosadmi.

amgvari “wvrilmanebis” gaTval-

iswinebiT, Tavisuflad SeiZleboda

tupolevisaTvis sabotaJis braldebis

wayeneba. magram 1949 wels, Turme, Sei-

Zleboda sakiTxis sxvagvarad gadawyve-

tac: 1949 wlis 5 noembers xruniSCevTan

Catarda TaTbiri, romelsac eswrebod-

nen misi moadgile p.v. dementievi,

tupolevis moadgile a.a. arxangelski

da pirveli mTavari sammarTvelos war-

momadgenlebi a.s. aleqsandrovi, p.m.

zernovi da n.l. duxovi. am TaTbiris

dadgenilebiT “daevala tupolevs “Ту-

104”-is sabombe liukebis gaTbobis sak-

iTxis mogvareba”. samuSaoTa gegma ki

berias waredgina 1949 wlis 15 noem-

bers.

ukve iwyeboda ara atomuri bombis

da misi mitanis saSualebaTa Seqmnis,

aramed maTi srulyofis samuSaoebi,

romelic “sanimuSod” mimdinareobda.

diax, 1949 weli iyo sabWoTa atomuri

proeqtis ganxorcielebis gardamtexi

etapi, romelic male dasrulda war-

matebiT. atomuri dargis mTavari sayr-

deni ukve arsebobda.

da beriam...

ara, mas ar hqonda imdeni dasasvenebe-

li dro, rom violinoebi ekeTebina,

rogorc amas marSali tuxaCevski

akeTebda, an egrovebina iSviaTi safosto

markebi, rogorc amas amerikis prezi-

denti ruzvelti akeTebda, an exata aq-

vareliT, rogorc amas didi britaneTis

premieri CerCili akeTebda (Tumca ax-

algazrdobisas berias Zalian uyvarda

aqvarelze muSaoba).

lavrenti pavles Zes mxolod is

SeeZlo, rom samxedro warmoebidan

elviseburad gadarTuliyo saxalxo-

sameurneo warmoebaze. vimeoreb, ara

mTlianad, aramed _ nawilobriv. miuxe-

davad imisa, rom sabWoTa kavSirSi

samxedro warmoeba dRiTidRe iZenda

axal raodenobriv da xarisxobriv

maCveneblebs. magram, isic faqtia, rom

im wlebSi berias gverds ver uvlidnen

saxalxo meurneobis dargSi arsebuli

problemebic. 1945 wlis 6 seqtembers

ssrk kompartiis politbiurom miiRo

dadgenileba ssrk saxkomsabWosTan ori

operatiuli biuros Camoyalibebis

Taobaze. erTi maTgani, molotovis

xelmZRvanelobiT (moadgile _ vozne-

senski, wevrebi: miqoiani, andreevi, bul-

ganini da Sverniki) uZRveboda

“Tavdacvis saxalxo komisariats, samxe-

dro-sazRvao saxalxo komisariats,

soflis meurneobisa da kvebis saxalxo

komisariatebs, vaWrobisa da finansTa

saxalxo komisariatebs, aseve ssrk

saxkomsabWosTan arsebul komitetebsa

da mTavar sammarTveloebs”, meore

komiteti ki, romelsac xelmZRvanelob-

da l.p. beria (moadgile _ malenkovi,

wevrebi: voznesenski, miqoiani, kaganoviCi

da kosigini) kurirebda “samrewvelo

saxalxo komisariatisa da rkinigzis

transportis saqmianobas”.

da es muSaoba, ekonomikis ganviTare-

bis kvaldakval, TandaTan Zlierdeboda!

amasTan, 1946 wlis 20 marts orive es

biuro gadaakeTes ssrk ministrTa sab-

WosTan arsebul operatiul biurod

da mas saTaveSi Cauyenes lavrenti

beria (moadgileebi: n.a. voznesenski

da a.n. kosigini). amis Semdeg ministrTa

sabWos biurom kidev ramdenime siste-

muri cvlileba ganicada, 1947 wlis 8

Tebervals Seiqmna damatebiT 8 dargo-

brivi biuro, saidanac berias ergo

eleqtrosadgurebi da qvanaxSiris

mrewveloba da masve damatebiT unda

edevnebina Tvalyuri moskovSi mraval-

sarTuliani saxlebis mSeneblobis mim-

dinareobaze, Sinagan saqmeTa samin-

istros saqmianobaze (uSiSroebis samin-

istros kurireba davalebuli hqonda

skkp kompartiis cekas mdivan a.a.

kuznecovs).

sxvaTa Soris, am dadgenilebis miRe-

bidan sami kviris Semdeg _ 1947 wlis

27 Tebervals berias biuro (saTbobi

da energoresursebi) gaerTianda

kaganoviCis biurosTan (transporti da

kavSirgabmuloba), romlis saTaveSi

lavrenti beria darCa. magram,

mmarTvelobis nebismier struqturaSi,

berias movaleobebi, ssrk ministrTa

sabWoSi, misTvis, yovelTvis,

pirvelxarisxovan amocanas warmoad-

genda.

maS ase, 1946 wlis 28 marts, ssrk min-

istrTa sabWos #674 dadgenilebiT,

ganawilda funqciebi ssrk ministrTa

sabWos Tavmjdomare stalinsa da mis

moadgileebs Soris. stalini mxolod

SeiaraRebis saministros adevnebda Tva-

lyurs, misma moadgileebma ki darCenili

dargebi gadainawiles. berias miamagres

12 saministro, bevrad meti, vidre sxva

moadgileebs ergoT! TviT voznesen-

skisac ki mxolod rva “jentlmenuri”

saministro ergo, voroSilovs, marTalia

ergo Cvidmeti pozicia, magram mis

xelqveiT mxolod xuTi saministro

rCeboda _ maT Soris kinematografiis

saministroc. kosiginma, romelic

gamorCeulad meurne specialisti gaxl-

daT, aTi saministro “Caibara”, andreevs

soflis meurneobis saministro Sexvda,

miqoians _ “kvebis bloki”, kaganoviCs _

ori msxvili saministro da arqiteq-

turis saqmeTa komiteti... molotovis

“wilad” modioda iusticiis samin-

istro, umaRlesi saswavleblebis

saqmeTa komiteti, radiofikaciisa da

radiomauwyeblobis komiteti, sakavSiro

depeSaTa saagento.

1946 wlis 18 marts, rogorc iqna,

beria gaxda ssrk kompartiis polit-

biuros sruluflebiani wevri _ cekas

plenumma igi da malenkovi CarTo qvey-

nis umaRlesi partiuli mmarTvelobis

organoSi (bulganini da kosigini maSin

mxolod skkp politbiuros wevrobis

kandidatebi iyvnen).

1945 wlis dekembridan beria Sedioda

politbiurosTan arsebul viwro

komisiis SemadgenlobaSi, romelic

uZRveboda saerTaSoriso sakiTxebs

(stalini, molotovi, beria, miqoiani,

malenkovi da Jdanovi).

da kidev erTi TavSesaqcevi doku-

menti _ “amonaweri ssrk kompartiis

politbiuros #81 oqmidan, lavrenti

berias samuSao drois gadanawilebis

Sesaxeb”.

ai, misi sruli teqsti:

“1951 wlis 15 marti.

sruliad saidumlod

1951 wlis 15 martis dadgenileba.

ssrk ministrTa sabWos sakiTxebi.

<...>

4. daevalos amxanag lavrenti pavles

Ze berias, rom Tavisi samuSao drois

naxevari dauTmos #1, #2 da #3 saqmeebs.

cekas mdivani”.

“saqmeebi #1, 2 da me-3” esaa berias,

rogorc politbiuros wevris movale-

oba (#1 _ “atomuri” saqmeebi, #2 _

uranis mopoveba da #3 _ moskovis

saraketo dacva), romelic mas daakisra

ssrk ministrTa sabWosTan arsebulma

pirvelma mTavarma sammarTvelom.

#3 saqme mxolod maSin gaformda

(1952 wlis 3 Tebervali) oficialurad,

magram berias mas didi xniT adre

kurirebda jer kidev pirveli mTavari

sammarTvelodan.

yovelive am samive saqmis Taobaze

Cven ukve bevri ram viciT. da am

saqmeebs unda moxmareboda lavrenti

berias samuSao drois mxolod naxe-

vari..

magram mxolod #1 da #2 saqmeebs

daeTmoT ssrk ministrTa sabWos dad-

genilebebis TiTqmis ori mesamedi,

rasac emateba mimdinare qaRaldebi da

problemebi.

yvela am saqmes ki didi dro da Za-

lisxmeva sWirdeboda. yvelafers sWird-

eboda konkretuli midgoma, Tanac, es

saqmeebi mimofantuli iyvnen sxvadasxva,

erTmaneTisagan didad gansxvavebul

dargebSi. cnobili merakete b.e. Certoki

Tavis mogonebebSi boris vannikovs

moixseniebs atomuri Tematikis

“marSlad”, da am Sedarebas SeiZleba

daveTanxmoT, Tu miviCnevT, rom speck-

omitetis Tavmjdomare beria am saqmis

mTavarsardali iyo.

1950 wlis 21 marts samxedro sazRvao

ministri i.a. iumaSevi swored berias

swers werils “sacdeli energetikuli

danadgaris _ uranis qvabebis wyalqveSa

navebze dadgmis” mizanSewonilobis

Taobaze, romelic Semdeg wyalszeda

gemebzec unda ganxorcielebuliyo. ma-

gram aseTi samuSaoebi sabWoTa kavSirSi

ukve mimdinareobda. da ai, maxnevi 25

marts calkeul SetyobinebaSi wers,

rom birTvul sawvavze momuSave

sacdeli gemi ukve Seqmnis procesSia.

magram iqmneboda kidev bevri sxva ram,

romelic adre mxolod ideaSi arse-

bobda. 1949 wels Seiqmna msoflioSi

pirveli wyalbad-wyalze moqmedi reaq-

tori, romlis simZlavre iyo 10 aTasi

kilovati, romlis Tburi energiis

Senaxva xdeboda wylis meSveobiT, erTi

wlis Semdeg ki qalaqebSi leipunsksa

da obninskSi daiwyo atomuri ele-

qtrosadgurebis Seqmnis saproeqto

samuSaoebi. male aseve amoqmeddeboda

swraf neitronebze momuSave sam-

rewvelo reaqtorebi.

1951 wlis 5 maiss erTdroulad miRe-

buli iqna ssrk ministrTa sabWos ori

dadgenileba: #1464-73сс “radiaqtiuri

izotopebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb” da

#1474-743сс “pirveli mTavari sammarTve-

los muSaobis Sesaxeb 1951 wels”.

ukanaskneli dadgenileba gulisxmobda

sabWoTa kavSirSi marTvadi birTvuli

procesebis energetikis mizniT farTod

gamoyenebas.

viTardeboda birTvuli iaraRis Se-

qmnis samuSaoebic... sabWoTa atomuri

bombis meore gamocda ganxorcielda

1951 wlis 24 seqtembers, semipalatinskis

poligonze, adgilobrivi droiT 16

saaTsa da 19 wuTze.

rogorc berias moaxsenebdnen kur-

Catovi, xaritoni da zeldoviCi, atomuri

bombis simZlavrem Seadgina 38.000 tona

trotilis eqvivalenti, nacvlad mosa-

lodneli 27.000 tonisa. angariSi

mTavrdeboda Semdegi sityvebiT:

“24 seqtembers Catarebulma gamocdam

dagvarwmuna, rom partiisa davaleba,

romelic gulisxmobda atomuri bombis

wonis Semcirebas da simZlavris gazr-

das, Sesrulebulia. Seiqmna 3,1 tona

wonis bombi, romlis simZlavrea 38.000

tona trotilis afeTqebis eqvivalen-

ti...”

1951 wlis 18 oqtombers, ekipaJis

meTaurma, sabWoTa kavSiris gmirma pod-

polkovnikma konstantine isakis Ze ur-

Juncevma haerSi aiyvana axali samxedro

nakeTobiT datvirTuli “Ту-104”. imave

dRes moskovSi berias saxelze gaigza-

vna Setyobineba:

“1951 wlis 18 oqtomberi.

amxanag l.p. berias.

mogaxsenebT, 1951 wlis 18 oqtombers,

9 saaTsa da 54 wuTze moskovis droiT,

ganxorcielda plutoniumisa da uran-

235 qobiniT aRWurvili atomuri bombis

afeTqeba. atomuri bombi Camogdebul

iqna TviTmfrinavidan “Ту-104”, 10 aTasi

metris simaRlidan, romelic afeTqda

samiznidan 380 metr simaRleze. gamoc-

dam aCvena, rom Camogdebuli bombi iyo

didi simZlavris (40.000 tona trotilis

eqvivalenti). gamocdam aseve aCvena, rom

“Ту-104” SeiZleba iqnas gamoyenebuli

atomuri bombis transportirebisa da

misi CamogdebisaTvis.

saxelmwifos davaleba mZlavri ato-

muri iaraRis Seqmnis nawilSi, Ses-

rulebulia...

zaveniagini

kurCatovi

xaritoni

SCelkini”.

aseTi “atomuri” xasiaTis

moxsenebiTi baraTebi Cveulebriv

movlenad iyo qceuli. ukanasknelad,

iaraRis ostatebisagan, am ti pis

moxsenebiTi baraTi gaigzavna lavrenti

pavles Zis dapatimrebamde erTi dRiT

adre _ 1953 wlis 25 ivniss. a.p. zaveni-

agini, i.v. kurCatovi, a.s. aleqsandrovi

da i.b. xaritoni samuSaoTa mimdinare-

obis Taobaze imgvarad moaxsenebdnen

berias, TiTqos igi atomuri probleme-

bis kuratori da politbiuros wevri

ki ara, am samuSaoTa mTavari teqnologi

iyo. am sityvebis dasturad moviyvan

amonarids werilidan:

“1953 wlis 23 ivniss CavatareT deit-

erium-tritid-liTium-6-is naxevarsfer-

os meore dawnexva, amasTan, masalebis

raodenoba SevamcireT 5 procentiT.

meore dawnexvisas metalma sigrZe-

siganeSi miiRo dasaSvebi parametrebi,

sisqiT ki 0,8 milimetriT gadaaWarba

daSvebuls. wnexis saproeqto sim-

Zlavris 3.900 atmosferomde gazrdam

Sedegi ver mogvca da nakeTobam sisqe

mainc SeinarCuna. didi dawolis Sede-

gad detalze bzarebi gaCnda”.

am baraTSi saubaria sabWoTa kavSir-

Si pirveli wyalbadis bombis detale-

bze.


sergei kremliovi

XX saukunis saukeTeso menejeri

Targmani roland jalaRaniasiberia


Taflakveridan maTraxamdeimam Samili:

„vwuxvar, rom ruseTs ar vicnobdi dauwin mis megobrobas ver

vpoulobdi...“

(„saqinformis“ analitikuri

mimoxilva)

saidumlo araa, rom calkeuli indi-

vidis, gnebavT, saxelmwifos marTvisas

mTavari Taflakverisa da maTraxis

monacvleobis principia. Tumca mTavari

aq proporciis dacvaa: cxovreba rom mT-

lad Tafls ar daemsgavsos, Taflakverisa

da maTraxis zomebi, SeZlebisdagvarad,

erTmaneTs unda Seesabamebodes. Statebica

da dasavleTic zedmiwevniT cdiloben,

am princips misdion, magram yovelTvis

ar gamosdiT; aviwydebaT, risTvis datuqses

da risTvis Seaqes. xdeba isec, rom erTi

da imavesaTvis Tavidan TaflakveriT

ajildoeben, Semdeg ki maTraxs gadaawnian.

ra gaewyoba – evropas mexsiereba aRar

uvarga, rac unda iyos, mainc „beberia“,

amerikas ki Tavisi problemebic Tavsayre-

lad aqvs. aba, sad scalia imis gasarkvevad,

saqarTvelo demokratiuli qveyanaa Tu

ara. „demokratiis Suquraa“, – mtkicedaa

darwmunebuli jorj buS-umcrosi. jer

kidev mcire xnis winaT aSS-is saxelmwifo

departamentsac miaCnda saqarTvelo

„demokratiis Suqurad“, Tumca misi ganaTe-

bis seqtori regionis masStabebamde iyo

Semcirebuli. da ai, uceb aprilSi mow-

mendil caze daiquxa aSS-is saxelmwifo

departamentis angariSma, romelic

msoflioSi demokratiis ganviTarebas

eZRvneboda. amasTan dakavSirebiT aSS-is

elCma saqarTveloSi jon basma „YouTube“-ze ganTavsebul Tavis videomimarTvaSi

aRniSna, rom saqarTvelo am dokumentSi

uaRresad mkacr kritikas daeqvemdebara

elitaruli korufciis gaZlierebis, pa-

timrebis abuCad agdebis mravalricxovani

SemTxvevisa da, aseve, adamianis uflebaTa

da TavisuflebaTa, sityvis Tavisuflebis

SezRudvis gamo. diplomatis TqmiT, „aSS-

is xelisuflebis maRali rangis war-

momadgenlebi, maT Soris, vice-prezi-

denti jo baideni, am sakiTxze saqarTve-

los xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebTan

dialogs gaagrZelebs“.hoda, rogor ar davibneT, rogor gav-

igoT „hu varT Cven“: demokratebi Tu av-tokratebi? TumcaRa saqarTvelos sagareosaqmeTa saministros xelmZRvanelis moad-gile nino kalandaZem saxdepis angariSSiara marto saqarTvelos kritika, aramedprogresis aRiarebac dainaxa, rac dauy-ovnebliv Seatyobina Jurnalistebs, xoloangariSis mTavar postulatebs, misi

azriT, saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebebisdarRvevis Sesaxeb SeniSvnebi ki ara, afx-azeTisa da samxreT oseTis teritoriazesituaciis analizi warmoadgens. erTisityviT, es yvelaferi Cven sulac argvexeboda.

Tumca isini, vinc amas ver mixvda, maT

Soris, partiis – „mrewveloba gadaarCens

saqarTvelos“ – erT-erTi lideri zurab

tyemalaZec, gaocebuli arian qveyana-

partnioris poziciiT. tyemalaZes miaCnia,

rom “aSS-is saxelmwifo departamentis

angariSi saqarTveloSi demokratiasTan

dakavSirebul viTarebaze vaSingtonis

mier Cveni qveynis mimarT gamoyenebuli

ormagi standartis politikis nawilia.

da gakvirveba gamoTqva imis gamo, rom es

dokumenti amerikelebis mier saakaSvilis

politikis uwindeli Sefasebebisgan mkve-

Trad gansxvavdeba. misTvis gaugebaria

is faqti, rom xangrZlivi drois gan-

mavlobaSi aSS vera da ver Camoyalibda,

gvaqvs saqarTveloSi demokratia an, Tun-

dac, misken swrafva Tu ara. guSin isini

ambobdnen, rom saqarTvelo yvelaze

demokratiuli qveyanaa mTel regionSi,

xolo dRes aSS srulebiT sxvagvar an-

gariSs aqveynebs“, – ukvirs tyemalaZes

da svams kiTxvas: „rodis ambobdnen simar-

Tles – guSin Tu dRes?“

„aseT SemTxvevaSi, – ambobs igi, – el-

ementaruli daskvnis gakeTeba SeiZleba:

uwin saWiro iyo saqarTveloSi demokrati-

is arsebobis gamocxadeba, xolo axla

saWiroa imis Tqma, rom igi „moikoWlebs“.

esec demokratiis nawilia – im politik-

isa, romlis gatarebac saqarTveloSi

surT“.

marTlacda, daskvna safuZvelsmokle-

buli rodia. miT ufro, Tu mcire xnis

winaT evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetma

ministrTa moadgileebis doneze gamar-

Tul morig sxdomaze ganixila „nakisri

valdebulebebis Sesrulebis“ (2010 wlis

ianvari-2011 wlis aprili) moxseneba,

romelic politikur da demokratiis

sakiTxebSi evrosabWos generalurma di-

reqtoratma moamzada. masSi aRniSnulia,

rom „2010 wels warmodgenili bolo

moxsenebis Semdeg saqarTvelom progress

miaRwia sasamarTlo da uflebaTa dacvis

sferoebSi, korufciis winaaRmdeg brZo-

laSi da demokratiuli institutebis

funqcionirebis gaumjobesebaSi“.

arada, Cven es yvelaferi ver SevniSneT!

da arc araferi gvecodineboda, evrosab-

Wos CvenTvis sakuTar miRwevebze Tvali

rom ar aexila!

yvelaze didi Taflakveri mixeil

saakaSvils xorcSesxmuli „amerikuli oc-

nebis“, miliarder donald trampisgan Sexvda.

niu iorkis bizneselitisTvis saqarTve-

los prezidentis wardgenisas trampma

mas „erT-erTi udidesi msoflio lideri“

uwoda. ufro metic: „saqarTvelo

araCveulebrivi qveyanaa, romelsac SesaniS-

navi lideri hyavs. dRes saqarTvelom

fantastikur warmatebebs miaRwia da

mravali, maT Soris, korufciasTan br-

Zolisa da biznesmenebisTvis usafrTxo

garemos Seqmnis maCvenebliT, pirvel adg-

ilebs ikavebs. bednieri var, rom iq biz-

nesis warmoeba SemiZlia. mixeil

saakaSvili mTeli msoflios kerpi da

ocnebaa. aSS unda amayobdes aseTi megob-

riTa da partnioriT. minda, aseTi didi

lideri Cems diad qveyanasac hyavdes!

Tumca dRes es marto ocnebaa da msurs,

mixeil saakaSvilma Tavisi SesaZleblobe-

bi amerikaSi amerikisave sakeTildReod

gamoiyenos!“

amboben, ceremoniaze damswreebs mil-

iarderis spiCisgan yba CamouvardaT da

mxolod nebisyofis daZabviT SeZles

misi adgilze dabruneba.

prezidentis Tanamoazreebi ki dafrTx-

nen, aqaoda, misi eqsportireba ar mogvixdes

okeanis gaRma, rakiRa iq mis gareSe

qveyana iqcevao. mokled, ras ar moimo-

qmedeb megobris sakeTildReod!

yvelaze didi maTraxi saqarTvelos

xelisuflebas moxvda safrangeTis el-

Cisagan saqarTveloSi, romelmac,

mravalmxrivi cdis miuxedavad, Cvens

qveyanaSi evropuli faseulobebi ver aR-

moaCina. erik furniem TbilisSi

evrokavSiris programa „aRmosavleTis

partniorobis“ CarCoebSi saqarTvelos

mier Tavisi valdebulebebis Sesrulebis

Taobaze arakomerciuli sazogadoeba

„Ria sazogadoeba – saqarTvelos“

moxsenebis prezentaciisas kritikis

qarcecxlSi gaatara saqarTvelos

xelisufleba da lamis yvela codvaSi

daadanaSaula. „evrokavSiris yvela Zal-

isxmeva saqarTveloSi fuWad gamoiyureba,

radgan araviTari progresi ar Cans. ra

darCa saqarTveloSi evropuli faseu-

lobebisgan? TiTqmis araferi! maT Soris,

araferi darCa sityvis Tavisuflebis-

ganac. ar SeiniSneba araviTari progresi

ekonomikaSi. es katastrofaa! mgonia, rom

saubari exeba neobolSevikur sax-

elmwifos, sadac araviTari Tavisufleba

araa...“ – mrisxane tirada warmoTqva

elCma saqarTvelos xelisuflebis

misamarTiT.

dasavleTis di plomatis aseT

gamosvlas saqarTvelo Tavisi 20-wliani

damoukideblobis ganmavlobaSi verc

gaixsenebs!

Taflakverebsa da maTraxebs ki biTu-

mad da calobiT mogvarTmeven. Zneli

saTqmelia, daculia Tu ara proporcia,

radgan maTraxi yovelTvis ufro metad

gaxsendeba, vidre Taflakveri...

principiT „dedis jibrze moviyinav yurebs“

cudi magaliTi, rogorc viciT, gadamde-

bia. Tumca, rogor ar ecada saqarTvelo

ruseTis mimarT maTraxisa da

Taflakveris politikis gamoyenebas,

ganazraxi imTaviTve marcxisTvis iyo

ganwiruli. es mxolod zRaparSi moax-

erxes liliputebma mZinare guliveris

gakoWva da miuxedavad amisa, mas SeeZlo,

wkipurtiT gamklaveboda Tavdamsxmelebs.

da es martooden „TaflakverisTvis“ mad-

lierebis gamo ar moumoqmedebia – lili-

putebma is daapures.

ara, Cven liliputebi ar varT. Cven

patara, magram mdidari istoriuli war-

sulis, WeSmaritad gmiruli suliskveTe-

bis, TviTmyofadi kulturisa da maRalz-

neobrivi tradiciebis mqone qveyana varT...

da moraluri ufleba ar gvaqvs, qars ga-

vatanoT Cveni winaprebis mier monagari

da memkvidreobiT gadmocemuli mTeli

es simdidre.

saqarTvelo arasodes esxmoda Tavs

pirveli, magram mudam Rirseul winaaR-

mdegobas uwevda momxdurs. maS, am bolo

xanebSi ra dagvemarTa? uceb aseTi Seugue-

blebi ratom gavxdiT? ratomaa mTeli

Cveni fiqrebi da zraxvebi mimarTuli

iqiT, rom rogorme vavnoT ruseTs da

ufro mtkivneulad davaWiroT mis

„nervul daboloebebs?“ xom viciT, rom

uzarmazari qveynis sapasuxo dartymis

Zala SesaZloa, araproporciuli iyos,

rac erTxel ukve viwvnieT sakuTar

tyavze? viciT, magram moqmedebas mainc

ganvagrZobT principiT – „dedis jibrze

yurebs moviyinav“.

Cven vagrZelebT ruseTis winaaRmdeg

megobrobas yvelasTan, vinc mis mimarT

raime ukmayofilebas mainc amJRavnebs.

axlaxan iaponiazec gavediT, raTa man

aqtiurad imuSaos kuriliis kunZulebis

dabrunebaze, romelTa okupaciac, Cveni

azriT, ruseTma moaxdina. axla ki mzera

CrdiloeT kavkasiasac mivapyreT, amave

dros, saqarTvelos parlamentma „ruseTis

imperiis mier XVIII- XIX saukuneebSi

CerqezTa genocidis ganxorcielebis“

aRiarebis rezoluciac miiRo. qveynis

umaRlesma sakanonmdeblo organom sia-

mayiT ganacxada, rom man pirvelma aRiara

CerqezTa genocidi.

ufro metic, saqarTvelos parlamentma

80 xmiT daamtkica debuleba „Cerqezi

xalxis genocidis msxverplTa xsovnis

ukvdavyofis Sesaxeb“, romelic anakliaSi

Sesabamisi memorialis dadgmas iTval-

iswinebs im sazRvris siaxloves, romelsac

rusi mSvidobismyofelebi icaven.

erTi sityviT, uaRresad SevwuxdiT

CerqezTa problemebiT, guliTadad gamovx-

ateT TanagrZnoba maTi winaprebis mier

gadatanili tragediis gamo, Tumca zo-

gierTma memkvidrem umadurobiT gvipasuxa.

yabardo-balyareTis sazogadoebrivi

moZraoba „xases“ Tavmjdomarem, sakmaod

gavlenianma kacma regionSi, ibrahim

iaganovma Tavis morig interviuSi kidev

erTxel daadastura, rom Cerqezi xalxi

kontaqts ar daamyarebs im saxelmwifos-

Tan, romelic afxazeTis damoukideblobas

ar aRiarebs. CerqezTa da afxazTa kavSiri

Zmobaze metia. swored amitom aTobiT da

asobiT moxalise yaraCaevo-CerqezeTsa

da yabardo-balyareTidan da, saerTod,

mTeli kavkasiidan, daufiqreblad gaeSura

afxazeTis dasacavad, roca iq qarTuli

jarebi Sevidnen. iaganovi ar malavs, rom

is da misi momxreebi mzad arian, kvlavac

Seejaxon qarTul armias, Tuki Tbilisi

isev gadawyvets, Zalismieri meTodebiT

gaanadguros afxazeTis damoukidebloba.

aqaoda, maT winaprebis xma uxmobT.

marTlac ganxorcielda Tu ara

Cerqezebis genocidi, istorikosebis

sakvlevia. Cvenebma gadawyvites, rom geno-

cids adgili hqonda da Segnebulad

damales, rom mefis armiaSi, romelic

Cerqezebs daeria, qarTveli oficrebic

msaxurobdnen. Tumca ismis savsebiT sa-

fuZvliani kiTxva: ratom ar unda vaRi-

aroT sxva xalxebis, magaliTad, somxebis

genocidic? Cvens qveyanaSi mcxovreb

somex aqtivistebsa da Tavad somxeTsac

xom araerTxel miumarTavT oficialuri

TbilisisTvis amgvari TxovniT. ar vaRi-

arebT, radgan amas SesaZloa, usiamovno

Sedegebi mohyves – or mezobelsa da

strategiul partniorTan – azerbaijansa

da TurqeTTan urTierTobebis avtomaturi

gacieba.

ratom ar aRvumarTavT Zegls

holokostis msxverplT, 6 milion adamians,

ZiriTadad, ebraelebsa da, maT Soris,

Cvens – qarTvel ebralebsac? es tragedia

xom qronologiuradac ufro axloa,

vidre ruseT-kavkasiis omi, roca es geno-

cidi moxda.

oriode sityva im omzec vTqvaT. TviT

imam Samilmac ki, mefis kolonizatorTa

winaaRmdeg mebrZoli kavkasiis xalxebis

erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis

favoritma, ruseTis imperiasTan samkv-

dro-sasicocxlo brZolis sakurTx-

evelze msxverplad sakuTari sicocxle

rom miitana, erTxel aRiara: „diax, vnanob,

rom ruseTs ar vicnobdi da uwin mis

megobrobas ver vpoulobdi!“. es idumali,

winaaRmdegobrivi, TumcaRa udavod

msoflio masStabis pirovnebis WeSmariti

sibrZnis gamovlenaa, romelmac realurad

Seafasa uwindeli mowinaaRmdegeni da

Serigebisken nabijic gadadga.

Serigebisken nabijs Cven ar gadavdgamT.

uwin yurebs moviyinavT, ruseTis jibrze...

moamzades:

diana SereSaSvilma,

elene diasamiZem

afxazeTidan

samegreloSi aranairi

saqoneli ar Semodisrogorc saqinformis re-

gionuli korespondenti

samegreloSi zugdididan iuwye-

ba, zugdididan galisa da afx-

azeTis danarCeni raionebis mi-

marTulebiT SeuzRudavad gadis

nebismieri raodenobis nebis-

mieri tvirTi, xolo afxazeTi-

dan samegrelosa da saqarTve-

los danarCeni regionebisaken

nebismieri saxis tvirTis Se-

motana kategoriulad ikrZale-

ba. qarTuli saguSago ar

atarebs afxazeTidan Semotanil

saqonels, produqts, motivi ki

aseTia: afxazeTidan, anu ruseTi-

dan, Semotanili kontrabanduli

uaqcizo saqoneli qarTul

bazarze ar unda moxvdes.

am bolo periodSi afxazeTi-

dan, ZiriTadad, aralegalurad

SemohqondaT rusuli warmoebis

araJani, magram es procesi amJa-

mad SeCerebulia.

sakiTxavia, ra daaSava ara

rusulma, aramed afxazuri war-

moebis sxva produqtebmac –

yvelma, sigaretma da a.S. arc

maTi Semotanaa nebadarTuli.

ibadeba kiTxva – Tu

samegrelodan SeuzRudavad

gadis qarTuli Tu araqarTuli

warmoebis saqoneli, ratom ar

unda Semodiodes samegreloSi

afxazuri warmoebis saqoneli?

afxazeTSi kandidatebi SeTanxmdnen „sufTa

da samarTliani“ arCevnebis TaobazeafxazeTis vadamdeli saprezidento arCevnebis kandidatebma

27 ivliss xeli moaweres „sufTa da samarTliani arCevnebis“

SeTanxmebas, sadac isini pirobas deben, rom ar gamoiyeneben „Sav

teqnologiebs“ erTmaneTis winaaRmdeg saarCevno kampaniis dros.

SeTanxmebas, romlis iniciatoric yofili vice-prezident

raul xajimbas mxardamWeri opoziciuri partia „afxazeTis

xalxTa erTobis forumia“, xeli moaweres prezidentis movale-

obis Semsrulebelma aleqsandre anqvabma, premier-ministrma

sergei Sambam da raul xajimbam.

SeTanxmebis teqstis Tanaxmad, kandidatebi pirobas deben,

rom „imoqmedeben mxolod afxazeTis respublikis saxelmwifo

da xalxis interesebidan gamomdinare; ar dauSveben TavianTi

qmedebebiT arCevnebis legitimurobisa da realuri Sedegebis

darRvevas“; awarmoeben „Ria da samarTlian“ kampanias da „Ria

iqnebian amomrCevelTa da Jurnalistebis mier dasmuli nebismieri

kiTxvisTvis“.

saqinformi


( „saqinformis“ mTavari redaq-

toris – arno xidirbegiSvilis,

interviu).

– batono mTavaro redaqtoro, „asaval-

dasavalisTvis“ micemuli Tqveni interviu

„NATOxtaris sasaklao da Failed presidentof Georgia“ sensaciad da cxare davis

sagnad iqca, misi citireba aTobiT ucx-

ourma gamocemam moaxdina, rac gasakviri

araa: saqarTveloSi Tqven pirvelma gabe-

deT imis Tqma, rom „erTaderTi, visac

qarTveli xalxis, misi istoriis, religiisa

da kulturis gadarCena SeuZlia _

vladimer vladimeris Ze putinia“...

– vimeoreb: saqarTvelos perspeqtiuli

gza – putinia. me mas piradad ar vicnob,

magram, dae, Sercxves yvelas, vinc moskovSi

nair-nair zeimsa da iubileze mifrinavs,

sityviT gamodis iq, urTierTobs putinTan

da esmis misi mesijebi qarTveli xalx-

isadmi – „saqarTvelos gamTlianebis sak-

iTxis gadawyveta SesaZlebelia!“; „ar ar-

sebobs iseTi sakiTxebi, romelTa gadawyve-

tac ar SegveZlos!“ – Semdeg ki saxlSi

brundeba da isini umal „aviwydeba“. im-

itom, rom „gasvrili“ arian; didZali

fuli, soliduri uZravi qoneba TbilisSi

da qalaqgare agarakebi aqvT, hoda, amis

dakargvis eSiniaT!

– mxedvelobaSi gaqvT nani bregvaZis

gamosvla evgeni primakovis iubileze?

– mkiTxveli Cinebulad mixvda, vin

myavs mxedvelobaSi: eseni qarTuli poli-

tistebliSmentisa da SemoqmedebiTi

elitis warmomadgenlebi arian, romlebsac

yvela saqarTvelos „savizito baraTad“

miiCnevs. dResac ki moskovisTvis

saqarTvelo uwindeburad kikabiZea, romel-

ic uyvarT an sZulT, magram sxvebs jiqur

ver xedaven! daakvirdiT, visgan aiRo in-

terviu benediqtovma ori kviris winaT?!

patriarqi, prezidenti, Ss ministri –

gasagebia, da Semdeg?! kvlav kikabiZe, Se-

vardnaZe, burjanaZe... da batoni benediqtovi

amgvarad imedovnebs sicarielis amovsebas

– dRevandeli saqarTvelos Sesaxeb

mouTxrobs ruseTs, sadac, misive TqmiT,

dRevandel saqarTveloze araferi ician?!

– Tqvenc xom aiReT interviu bur-

janaZisgan! da Cveni saitic, TiTqosda, yve-

lasTvis xelmisawvdomia...

– sworedac rom yvelasTvis da ara

marto opoziciisTvis. prezidentis ad-

ministraciaSi, parlamentSi, Sss-sa da

uSiSroebis sabWoSi didi xania, Cabarebu-

lia werilebi intervius Caweris TxovniT

saakaSvilTan, baqraZesTan, merabiSvilTan,

bokeriasa da xelisuflebis sxva warmo-

madgenlebTan. rac Seexeba burjanaZes –

Cveni saubari interviudac rom CavTvaloT,

SeadareT igi benediqtovisas da miTxariT:

sadaa saintereso da cocxali dialogi

da sad – partagitatoris „mkvdari

solo“?! xalxi am yvelafers afasebs,

adarebs. da ukvirs!

– davubrundeT Tqvens bolo intervius

„asaval-dasavalSi“: „saqarTvelo+ruse-

Ti=erTian saqarTvelos (afxazeTsa da

samxreT oseTTan erTad). saqarTvelos

ruseTTan SeerTeba gamoiwvevs afxazeTisa

da samxreT oseTis saqarTvelosTan gaer-

Tianebas“, – Tqvenma am formulam namdvili

furori moaxdina qarTvel sazogadoebaSi.

– vadastureb da vacxadeb sruli pa-

suxismgeblobiT: afxazeTisa da samxreT

oseTis sakiTxis mSvidobiani gadawyveta

15 wuTSia SesaZlebeli, Tuki magidis erT

mxares – ruseTis prezidenti putini,

xolo meore mxares qarTveli xalxis

mier patiosnad arCeuli saqarTvelos

prezidenti isxdebian! xolo is qarTveli

politikosi, romelic ambobs, rom am sak-

iTxis gadawyveta SesaZlebelia, magram

amas wlebi sWirdeba – an Wkuanaklulia,

anda winaswar Tavs izRvevs, rom swored

am wlebis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos

prezidentad airCion!

sxvaTa Soris, sofo, Tqven Cemi intervi-

udan moyvanili fragmentis citireba

arasrulad moaxdineT. is ase grZeldeba:

„gana saqarTvelos mosaxleobis umetesi

nawili ar ocnebobs adrindeli Zmobis

aRorZinebaze ruseTTan, ar enatreba uvizo

reJimi, sarfiani vaWroba da, saerTod,

rusebi? rusul-qarTuli strategiuli,

kulturuli, istoriuli da politikuri

sivrcis aRdgena – ai, erTaderTi xsna

saqarTvelosTvis, ris Semdegac Cvenken

stabilurobiT moxibluli auracxeli

evropuli, rusuli da, Tundac, amerikuli

investicia daiZvreba!“

– da gana isedac naTeli ar aris?!

– rogorc Cans, bevrisTvis – ara. Tqven,

rogorc „saqinformis“ Jurnalisti, cocx-

ali mowme xarT, rom uamravi adamiani –

umaRlesi saswavleblebis profesorebi,

skolis pedagogebi, studentebi da

mSromelebi, regionis mcxovrebni, saqarTve-

los SemoqmedebiTi da samecniero in-

teligenciis cnobili warmomadgenlebi,

devnilebi, pensionerebi da didi samamulo

omis veteranebi – popularul qarTul

yovelkvireul gazeTSi wina orSabaTs

dabeWdili Cemi intervius wakiTxvis

Semdeg, Cvens redaqciaSi rekavda da

mowonebas gamoTqvamda. es mkiTxvelTa

pirveli da yvelaze didi kategoriaa.

meore kategoria gaxlavT zogierTi

Cemi nacnobi, romlebic am intervius

Semdeg TiTqosda „aorTqldnen“: an SeeSin-

daT, rom CemTan darekva maT „nirvanas“

daarRvevda xelisuflebasTan saidumlo

garigebis mizeziT, anda, „Savi“ Suris gamo,

rom me gavbede imis Tqma, raSic TviTonac

darwmunebuli arian, magram, garkveul

dromde amis xmamaRla gancxadebas ver

bedaven (Tumca, qarTuli elitis fari-

sevlobasa da cinizms sazRvari ar aqvs!).

ai mesame kategoriam ki gadawyvita,

rom me ruseTis federaciis Semadgen-

lobaSi saqarTvelos Sesvlis momxre

var. swored „Sarikovebis“ am yvelaze

„miuxvedreli“da agresiuli kategori-

isaTvis, romelsac sityvis – „SeerTeba“ –

mniSvneloba ar esmis, gavimeore axla

fraza „erTiani rusul-qarTuli strate-

giuli, ekonomikuri, kulturuli, istori-

uli da politikuri sivrcis aRorZinebis“

Sesaxeb, romelic maT, „ratomRac“, ver

SeniSnes.

diax, me minda, rom saqarTvelo da

ruseTi kvalavac SeerTdnen erTian

sivrceSi, rogorc evropis qveynebi SeerTd-

nen evrokavSirSi – erTian ekonomikur

(erTiani valutiTa da sabaJo wesebiT),

politikur da strategiul sivrced, axal

Sengenis zonad – Sida vizebisa da

sasazRvro kontrolis gareSe! xolo

ruseTis federaciis SemadgenlobaSi

saqarTvelos Sesvla iseve ararealuria,

rogorc, samwuxarod, afxazeTisa da

samxreT oseTis Sesvla saqarTvelos Se-

madgenlobaSi uwindel pirobebze.

– ramdenad didia es mesame kategoria?

ramdenad bevria isini, vinc arno xidirbe-

giSvils am „nou-haus„ gamo wyevlida da

xelisuflebas misi dakavebisken, cemisa

da mokvliskenac ki mouwodebda?

– qarTveli, Cemda sasixarulod, –

jerac xalxis arsebobis gamo maTi ricxvi

Zalze mcirea: aTobiT nacional-impotenti

Tavisuflebis institutidan forum.ge-zeda erTi „samxreebiani“ sainformacio

portali. TviT telekompania „rusTavi

2“-s, saidanac uwin usaZaglesi e-mail mom-

dioda, amjerad reagireba ar mouxdenia.

– saidan iciT impotentebisa da „rus-

Tavi 2“-is Sesaxeb?!

– marto impotents, romelsac potenci-

asTan problemebi aqvs, SeuZlia siamovneba

miiRos, roca sajarod mravaljer imeorebs

sityva „faloss“ da amiT sityvierad ax-

dens seqsis kompensirebas, romelsac re-

alobaSi avadmyofobis gamo moklebulia.

Tumca am seqsotTa leqsikis mixedviT

Tu vimsjelebT, bevri maTgani – pederastia.

me piradad es sazizRrobebi ar wamikiTx-

avs, rogorc gaxsovT, amis Sesaxeb redaq-

ciaSi macnobes, magram mainc gulwrfelad

mecodebian.

rac Seexeba sxvadasxva saxeliT

gamogzavnil Savrazmul werilebs, Cveni

IP-specialistebi am eleqtronuli gza-

vnilebis „gzas“ mihyvnen da man erT

serverTan – „RUSTAVI TV“-Tan migviyvana.

– Tqvens wina interviuze sakmaod

visaubreT, modi, axal movlenebzec vTqvaT.

magaliTad, parlamentis mier miRebul

kanonze „saqarTveloSi moqmedi religiuri

gaerTianebebisTvis sajaro samarTlis

iuridiuli piris statusis miniWebis

Sesaxeb“, romelmac qarTveli sazogadoebis

ukiduresi aRSfoTeba gamoiwvia...

– samagierod, mravali Cveni parlamen-

tari-fariseveli Carteruli specreisebiT

jguf-jgufad miemgzavreba aRdgomis

dResaswaulze ierusalimSi wmida

cecxlis Camosatanad. Tumca zustad vici,

rom maT Soris arian Rirseuli adamianebi,

romlebic iZulebuli Seiqnen, xma miecaT

am kanonisTvis da dRes es mZimed awevT

gulze... maT SeiZleba gaugo, xolo „TeTr

angelozad“ TaviswarmomCeni qalbatoni

kervaliSvilisTvis amis patieba ar Sei-

Zleba. diax, is TeTr samosSia, xolo

yvela, vinc misma samSeneblo kompania

„centr-pointma“ gaacura, dRemde – nagavSi!

sxvaTa Soris, am kanons, parlamentSi

mmarTveli „nacmoZraobis“ 118 warmomad-

genlisgan xma 70 parlamentarma misca.

danarCen 48 deputats, rogorc amboben,

„uceb“ sicxem auwia da saerTod ar

gamocxadebula riggareSe sxdomaze.

– am kanonis Sesaxebac gagviziareT

Tqveni azri, batono mTavaro redaqtoro...

– ra giTxraT, riT gagaxaroT?! –

ityoda ilia... yvelaferi ukve mravaljeraa

naTqvami: qarTvelebs sami saunje hqondaT

- ena, mamuli da sarwmunoeba. ena waarTves

da inglisuriT Secvales, mamuli waarTves,

gayides da nawil-nawil gaasaCuqres da

axla rwmenasac arTmeven!

– da vis uSlis xels Cveni mrwamsi?!

xelisuflebam xom amiT zedmetad aitkia

Tavi?!

– mravalsaukunovani marTlmadideblo-

ba, romlis wyalobiTac qarTvelebi gadar-

Cnen da ruseTTan megobrobdnen, aRizianebs

qveyanas, romlis istoriac sul or

saukunes iTvlis! gana SeiZleba, rom mosam-

saxure batonze jiSiani iyos?! amitomac

dauWires mxari Cveni parlamentisa da

prezidentis gadawyvetilebas.

– mxedvelobaSi gaqvT Cveni strate-

giuli partniori – aSS?

– sanam saqarTveloSi ar mixvdebian,

rom amerika Cveni partniori, megobari da

mokavSire ki ara, ubralod, batonia, manamde

xsnas ver vipoviT! Cven gveSinia war-

movTqvaT erTaderTi sityva: ba-to-ni! aSS

– Cveni batonia!!! rogorc ki warmovTqvamT

am jadosnur sityvas – „batoni“, maSinve

yvelaferi Tavis adgilas dadgeba! „ba-

toni“ – es Cveni sneulebis diagnozia,

xolo gankurnebis recepti „asaval-

dasavalisTvis“ micemul Cems interviuSia,

romliTac, Tqven, kolegav, Cveni dRevandeli

saubari wamoiwyeT.

– am kanonis miRebas saqarTveloSi

yovelTa somexTa kaTolikos garegin II

vizits ukavSireben...

– diax, kvlav gaTamaSda „somxuri kar-

ti“: yvelaferi keTdeba imisaTvis, rom

qarTvelebi da somxebi erTmaneTs wahki-

don, raTa, roca yarabaRi ifeTqebs,

qarTvelTa simpaTia azerbaijanelTa

mxareze iyos. da Tu saqarTvelo kon-

fliqtSi azerbaijanelebis mxareze

CaerTveba, anda baqos logistikur sivrces

dauTmobs, axali kavkasiuri omi daiwyeba

– TurqeTis genStabis Zveli gemis mixed-

viT da vaSingtonel „qorTa“ sasixaru-

lod, romlebsac panikurad eSiniaT puti-

nis xelaxali gaprezidentebis. aSS mixeil

saakaSvils „somxur CixSi“ moimwyvdevs,

saidanac gamosavali ar arsebobs! iqidan

mxolod ukan, brZoliT SeiZleba gamosvla,

rac kavkasiaSi axal konfliqts niSnavs,

ris Sesaxebac es-esaa mogaxseneT. saqarTve-

los prezidenti axla caTambjenis 30-e

sarTulidan gadmomxtar axirebul kacs

hgavs, romelic me-15 sarTulTan Cafrenisas

fiqrobs: jerjerobiT yvelaferi rigzea...

– amboben, gasul kviras avlabarSi

qarTvelebisa da somxebis jgufur

dapirispirebas hqonda adgili.

– gana naTeli ar aris, „uceb“ ratom

moxda aseTi eskalacia?! Tavidan robert

sturuas mier „saqinformisTvis“ micemuli

eqskluziuri interviu iqca superskan-

dalad, viTomda imis gamo, rom cnobilma

reJisorma saakaSvilis somxur warmo-

mavlobaze daZra krinti, TiTqos amaze

uwin ar laparakobdnen.

Semdeg aRmoCnda, rom Turme leiboristi

SatberaSvili Rameebs enciklopedia „bri-

tanikis“ kiTxvaSi atarebda da SemTxveviT

waawyda cnobas, viTom qarTuli anbani

mesrof maStocs Seeqmnas. ra, „britanikac“

dRes daweres?!

Semdeg stumrad Camodis garegin II da

viTomda naxevrad dangreuli eqvsi ekle-

siis somxeTisTvis gadacemis „wverebiani“

sakiTxis gamo iReben kanons religiuri

umciresobebis Sesaxeb. metismetad bevri

„somxuri“ damTxveva xom araa?!

– Cveni saagentos saitze devs video –

patriarqebis – ilia II da garegin II,

saubris epizodi. minda, giTxraT, rom mk-

iTxvelebi aRSfoTebuli arian yovelTa

somexTa kaTolikosis saubris ubodiSo

maneriT...

– rogorc iciT, amis Semdeg erevnidan

damirekes. somexi inteligenciis warmo-

madgenlebi da kolegebi didad ibodiSebd-

nen garegin II uRirsi saqcielisaTvis da

Tavis gasamarTleblad mxolod is mo-

hqondaT, rom is warmoSobiT somxeTidan

ki ara, libiidanaa...

sxvaTa Soris, am kadrebis tiraJireba

marto „saqinforms“ ki ara, yvela qarTul

telearxsa da sainformacio saagentos

unda moexdina! Tumca, „ratomRac“, ase ar

moqceulan, riTac kidev erTxel daamt-

kices, rom Tavidan bolomde saakinformebi

arian.

– am dros ki umTavresi „kadrs miRma“

rCeba, ara?!

– sworedac rom. xelisuflebisTvis

„jerjerobiT yvelaferi rigzea“:

1) saqarTvelos xelisuflebam am kano-

nis miRebiT „qulebi Caiwera“ – msoflio

Tanamegobrobis TvalSi Tavi demokratad

– kominternis erTgvar memkvidred war-

moaCina, romlisTvisac yvela eri/religia

Tanasworia, amave dros, saqarTvelos

marTlmadidebeli eklesia da misi mrevli

Sovinistebad da faSistebad gamoaWena;

2) mmarTvelma partia „saqarTvelos

nacionalurma moZraobam“ da misma lid-

erma mixeil saakaSvilma momaval saparla-

mento da saprezidento arCevnebze 800.000

xma daibeves am kanonisTvis „madlieri“

saqarTvelos nacionaluri umciresobe-

bisgan;

3) „somxuri aurzauris“ fonze saqarTve-

los marTlmadidebel eklesias ufle-

bebiT gauTanabrda saqarTveloSi moqmedi

yvela cru-religia da seqta;

4) Tavisuflebis institutma, aSS-is

saerTaSoriso respublikurma institutma

(IRI), sorosis fondma da saqarTveloSi

moqmedi dasavleTis specsamsaxurebis

gavlenis agentebma, patriarqis jibrze

kanonis erT dReSi miRebiT daamcires

saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia

da sakuTari Zalis demonstrireba

moaxdines.

ase daeca globalizmis winaSe

erovnuli interesebis, qarTuli kultur-

isa da TviTmyofadobis sadarajoze md-

gomi ukanaskneli forposti – qarTuli

marTlmadidebeli eklesia.

– Tumca Semdgom, TiTqosda, wmida sin-

odma da yvela danarCenma aRiara, rom

„buzisgan spilo“ Seqmnes?

– saqme ybadaRebul kanonSi ki ara,

Tavad saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli ek-

lesiisa da misi winamZRolis ugulebe-

lyofis faqtSia! iciT, Cemo norCo kolegav,

ssr kavSiris arsebobis xanaSi sabWoTa

armiaSi dedis gineba Cveulebrivi ambavi

iyo. Tumca meTaurebma icodnen, rom

erovnebiT qarTveli jariskacis dasja

SeiZleboda „нарядами вне очереди“,hauptvaxtSi gamwesebiT, 10 km-iani krosis

airwinaRSi garbeniT, magram misi dedis

gineba ararekomendebuli iyo: rigiTi

qarTveli imaveTi upasuxebda Tavad gen-

eralsac ki! qarTuli marTlmadidebeli

eklesia ki dedaCvenia, romelic axla

Seuracxyves da gviyureben, amas rogor

„gadavylapavT“.

– bolo kiTxva: ras fiqrobT „fo-

tografTa saqmeze“ – jaSuSebi arian Tu

ara?

– ase vityodi: saqarTvelo policiuri

ki ara, policielTa saxelmwifoa! ar vici,

ra xdeba, rogorc Tqven weRan brZaneT,

„kadrs miRma“, magram zustad vici, rom am

fotoreportiorTa sulisSemZvreli

kadrebi 2008 wels omidan prezident

saakaSvils ruseTTan sainformacio omSi

daexmara, Cveni xelisufalni ki haagis

tribunalsa da cixes maTi wyalobiT

gadaurCnen, axla ki satusaRoSi Tavad

fotoreportiorebi moxvdnen...

– Ss ministrma vano merabiSvilma

brZana, rom maT didi xania, Tvalyurs

adevnebdnen...

– merabiSvilma ixumra. rogor Tu

Tvals adevnebdnen?! jaSuSobaSi eWvmi-

tanilebs saSvebs urigebdnen da yvelgan

– lamis prezidentis mosasvenebelSic

uSvebdnen?!

– merabiSvili, TiTqosda, ar xumrobs

xolme...

– ver dageTanxmebiT. ZlierTa ama

qveynisaTa oxunjoba sCveviaT! gaxsovT,

„Эхо Москвы“-Tan interviuSi vano mer-

abiSvilma ganacxada: „amas ruseTis

prokurors Cemi dakiTxvisas vetyvi“, da

dasZina – „cxovrebaSi yvelaferi Sesa-

Zlebelia. vxumrob?!“ hoda, zustad vici,

kerZod, ras hkiTxavs ruseTis prokurori

dakiTxvisas merabiSvils da ras upasuxebs

Cveni ministri!

– axla ukve Tqven xumrobT, batono

mTavaro redaqtoro?!

– merabiSvilze metad – ara. ruseTis

prokurori hkiTxavs: „pativcemulo vano

sergeeviC, namdvilad Zlieri Zalovani

ministri brZandebodiT, Tqven moaxdineT

Sss-s, „ka-ge-bes“, Sida da sasazRvro jare-

bis erT struqturad reformireba da

mkafiod xelmZRvanelobdiT am monstrs.

magram ratom apatimrebdiT udanaSaulo

adamianebs da ruseTis jaSuSebad asaReb-

diT, apatimrebdiT politikuri motivebiT

gansxvavebulebs, sisxlianad arbevdiT

mitingebs? Tavadac xom Cinebulad gesmo-

daT, rom es araswori iyo?!“

razec saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa

ministri erTi winadadebiT upasuxebs:

„pativcemulo kolegav, gana Tqven Segi-

ZliaT ar SeasruloT prezidentisa da

umaRlesi mTavarsardlis brZaneba?!“

axla ki moviyvan citatas publikaci-

idan „da wvima yvela nakvalevs Slis...“

romelic 26 maisis Rames davwere da, ro-

gorc gaxsovT, meore diliT Cvens saitze

daido: „aSS-m 2011 wlis 26 maiss morig

jerze ugana prezident saakaSvils...

Tumca miSa imitomacaa miSa, rom movlenebs

mainc „mtrisa da okupantis“ sawinaaRmde-

god Semoatrialebs: uaxloes dReebSi

rusi jaSuSebisa da saqarTveloSi

ruseTis ZirgamomTxreli saqmianobis

Sesaxeb dabali donis blefs Semogv-

Tavazeben da masobriv dapatimrebebsac

ganaxorcieleben“.

– No comment… da Semdeg, batono arno?– Semdeg Cvens yovel morig braldebas

jaSuSobaSi, Cvens TiToeul kompromatRU-s moskovi kompromat ГРУ-sdaupirispirebs da saqarTveloSi bevrs

xumrobis Tavi aRar eqneba... rogor brZana

saakaSvilma benediqtovTan interviuSi?!

– „Business as usual“, rac TargmanSi niSnavs

„saqme Cveulebriv midis“.

esaubra sofo yaralaSvili

mixeil saakaSvilis somxuri Cixi


Salva denisis Ze inal-ifaafxazeTis

Rirseuli Svilebi

cnobili afxazi swavluli-

eTnografi, istorikosi da lit-

eraturaTmcodne Salva inal-

ifa daibada 1916 wlis 20 oq-

tombers oCamCiris raionis

sofel gufSi. sul eqvsi wlis

iyo, roca mama daeRupa da

oblobis mTeli simware iwvnia

sakuTar Tavze. swavla mSobli-

ur sofelSi daiwyo, sadac

dawyebiTi saswavlebeli daam-

Tavra. Semdeg mcire xans

swavlobda oCamCireSi cnobi-

ul afxaz pedagogebTan da

ganmanaTleblebTan dimitri

marRaniasTan (maani) da Toma

eSbasTan. swored maT aR-

moaCines am ymawvilSi didi

niWi da wignierebisaken ltol-

va.

1928 wels Salva Cairicxa

soxumis lakobas saxelobis

afxazur sanimuSo skola-in-

ternatSi, romelic warCinebiT

daamTavra 1936 wels. imave

wels Cairicxa moskovis

filosofiis institutSi, ma-

gram male garicxes institu-

tidan, rogorc xalxis mtris

Zma.

afxazeTSi dabrunebis

Semdeg ori weliwadi imuSava

sofel gufis dawyebiTi sko-

lis ufrosad (dasaxleba ajam-

pzaraSi), Semdeg ki rusul enas

aswavlida soxumis or berZnul

skolaSi.

1938 wels Salva inal-ifa

Cairicxa moskovis karl

libknextis saxelobis sax-

elmwifo pedagogiur insti-

tutSi, magram saxelmwifo

gamocdebis Cabarebamde didma

samamulo omma mouswro. 1941

wels Tavis TanatolebTan er-

Tad dacviT nagebobebs aSeneb-

da mdinare desnaze. imave wlis

Semodgomaze brundeba soxumSi

da warmatebiT amTavrebs in-

stituts.

1942-1943 wlebSi muSaobs

gazeT “afsni-yafSis” soflis

meurneobis ganyofilebis

gamged.

1943-1946 wlebSi swavlobs

akademikos ivane javaxiSvilis

saxelobis istoriis, arqe-

ologiisa da eTnografiis in-

stitutSi cnobili qarTveli

mecnieris, akademikos giorgi

Citaias xelmZRvanelobiT.

swored amis Semdeg xdeba

eTnografia misi cxovrebis

mizani.

1948 wels amave institutSi

man daicva sakandidato dis-

ertacia, 1963 wels ki ssrk mec-

nierebaTa akademiis mikluxo-

maklais saxelobis eTnografi-

is institutSi brwyinvaled

daicva sadoqtoro disertacia.

1966 wels mieniWa profesoris

wodeba.

batoni Salvas, rogorc mec-

nieris SesaZleblobebi,

gansakuTrebiT gamovlinda

didi samamulo omis Semdgom

wlebSi. izrdeboda axalgazr-

da afxazi eTnografebis

ricxvi, romelTas Sesabamisi

swavlebis kursi gaiares

moskovsa da TbilisSi. maTi

naSromebi iqcevda cnobili

sabWoTa mecnierebis yu-

radRebas. 1948 wlidan Salva

inal-ifa aqtiurad monawileob-

da moskovSi, TbilisSi, maikopSi,

orjonikiZesa da sxva qalaqeb-

Si mowyobil samecniero kon-

ferenciebsa da sesiebSi.

afxazur eTnoografiasTan

erTad igi Seiswavlida adi-

Reebisa da qarTvelebis yofasa

da kulturas, interesdeboda

folkloristikiT, arqeologi-

iT, anTropologiiT, enaTmec-

nierebiT.

1954 wels gamoica misi

pirveli monografia “abxazTa

ojaxebisa da qorwinebis is-

toriis narkvevebi”, romelSic

istoriuli masalebis

urTierTSejerebiT gamovle-

nili iyo afxazuri ojaxebis

institutis Taviseburebebi. igi

pirvelad moi povebs mec-

nieruli Rirebulebebis mqone

istoriul masalebs garigebiT

Seqmnil ojaxebze, nefe-ded-

oflis qorwilamdel urTier-

Tobebze, maT qorwilisSemdgom

urTierTobebze da sxva.

sabWoTa samecniero wreebis

gansakuTrebuli interesi

gamoiwvia Salva inal-ifas

monografiam “afxazebi”,

romelmac 1960 wels ixila

mzis Suqi. aRniSnuli naSromi

Seiqmna xangrZlivi dakvirve-

bebisa da socialur

urTierTRobaTa istoriuli

wyaroebis moZiebis Sedegad.

Salva axalgazrdobis

wlebidan dadioda afxazeTis

qalaqebsa da soflebSi da

agrovebda folkloristul

masalebs, amitom, misi naSromi

“afxazebi” faqtiurad gaxlavT

am xalxis eTnikuri da kul-

turuli istoriis enciklope-

dia.

1971 wels gamovida morigi

wigni “afxazTa istoriuli

eTnografiis furclebi”. am

naSromSi avtori warmoaCens

afxazuri uZvelesi da Taname-

drove eTnikuri jgufebis kul-

turisa da ideologiis Tavise-

burebebs, gamoavlens maT Soris

kavSirurTierTobebs.

1973 wels ki gamodis afxazi

mecnieris morigi wigni “tradi-

ciebi da Tanamedroveoba”,

sadac avtorma daayena xalx-

uri kulturis tradiciebis

Rrmad Seswavlis aucileblo-

ba. Salva inal-ifa arasodes

izRudeboda romelime erTi

TematikiT da gulmodgined

Seiswavlida afxazuri folk-

lorisa da literaturis is-

torias. igi cnobili iyo ro-

gorc kritikosi da literat-

uraTmcodne, romlis kalams

ekuTvnis uamravi monografia

afxaz literatorebze. 1955

wels igi miiRes sabWoTa

kavSiris mweralTa kavSiris

wevrad.

1949 wels man gamosca naS-

romi, romelic mieZRvna uZveles

afxazur Tqmulebas narTebze.

igi erT-erTi Semdgenelia afx-

azuri eposisa “naarT sasrivk-

isa da misi 99 Zmis

Tavgadasavali”, romlis sa-

fuZvelzec Catarda naarTis

eposisadmi miZRvnili gafar-

Toebuli konferencia sabWoTa

kavSirSi saxelganTqmuli enaT-

mecnierebis monawileobiT.

profesori Salva inal-ifa

iyo mravali regionaluri da

sakavSiro samecniero sesiebisa

da saerTaSoriso kongresebis

Catarebis monawile da orga-

nizatori. didi interesiT iqna

mosmenili moskovis konferen-

ciaze misi moxseneba Temaze

“Zveli afxazi tomebis eTno-

genezi”, aseve interesiT iqna

mosmenili misi moxseneba, 1964

wels, amerikis SeerTebuli

Statebis qalaq CikagoSi

Catarebul enis saerTaSoriso

kongresze.

batoni Salva did dros ax-

marda axalgazrda afxaz mec-

nierTa aRzrdis saqmes, amzadeb-

da aspirantebs, werda recen-

ziebs maT disertaciebsa da

samecniero naSromebze, ofi-

cialur oponentad gamodioda

maT mier disertaciis dacvisas.

igi aseve did dros uTmobda

sazogadoebriv saqmianobasac,

kiTxulobda sajaro leqciebs,

iyo afxazeTis saolqo

komitetis sarevizio komisiis

wevri, afxazeTis umaRlesi sab-

Wos meSvide da merve mowvevis

deputati, iyo afxazeT-bulgar-

eTis megobrobis sazogadoebis

Tavmjdomare, xelmZRvanelobda

saqarTvelos sazogadoeba

“codnis” afxazeTis region-

alur organizacias, iyo Jur-

nal “alaSaras” saredaqcio

kolegiis wevri da sxva.

didi afxazi mecnieri da

mamuliSvili Salva inal-ifa

gardaicvala 1995 wlis 26 se-

qtembers, rac didi danaklisi

gaxldaT rogorc afxazeTis,

aseve saqarTvelos samecniero

wreebisaTvis.

marmarilos memoriali

amSvenebs im saxls soxumSi,

sadac cxovrobda da moR-

vaweobda didi afxazi mecnieri,

soxumis erT-erTi centraluri

quCa ki mis saxels atarebs.

ufaso saxelmZRvaneloebi

socialurad daucvelmoswavleebs

saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mec-

nierebis saministros cnobiT, sam-

Tavrobo programis – „erTiani

saqarTvelo siRaribis gareSe“ – far-

glebSi saxelmwifo yvela klasis so-

cialurad daucvel moswavles saswav-

lo saxelmZRvaneloebiT uzrunvely-

ofs. wels wignebis distribuciis pro-

cesSi saqarTvelos fosta CaerTveba.

Sesabamis memorandums xeli moaweres

saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecniere-

bis ministrma dimitri SaSkinma da

saqarTvelos fostis sameTvalyureo

sabWos Tavmjdomare kaxa bainduraSvil-

ma. memorandumi socialuri

xelSewyobis mizniT, saxelmwifo da

sazogadoebrivi interesebis gaTval-

iswinebiT gaformda. siRaribis zRvars

qvemoT myofi ojaxebis moswavleebis

saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebiT uzrun-

velyofa aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom

yvela moswavles swavlis Tanabari

pirobebi hqondes.

2010-2011 saswavlo wels, pirvelidan

meTormete klasis CaTvliT, saxelmZR-

vaneloebi uklebliv yvela moswavlem

usasyidlod miiRo. aRsaniSnavia, rom

2010-2011 saswavlo wels saxelmZR-

vaneloebi socialurad daucvel im

moswavleebs gadaecaT, visi sareitingo

qula 57 000 iyo, axal 2011-2012 saswavlo

wels, saxelmZRvaneloebi saCuqrad I-

VI klasis im moswavleebsac gadaece-

maT, visi sareitingo qula 70 000-s

Seadgens; xolo VII-XII klasis

moswavleebs saxelmwifosgan saCuqrad

saxelmZRvaneloebi 57 000 sareitingo

qulis SemTxvevaSi gadaecemaT.

socialurad daucveli moswavlee-

bisTvis saxelmZRvaneloebis darigebas

saqarTvelos fosta 1 seqtembridan

daiwyebs da 14 seqtembramde daas-

rulebs. wignebi yvela regionis so-

cialurad daucveli bavSvebisTvisaa

gankuTvnili da maT yvela moswavle

miiRebs. momavalSi saxelmZRvaneloebi

skolis biblioTekebs darCeba da Semd-

gomSi mis gamoyenebas socialurad

daucveli sxva bavSvebi SeZleben.

gaformebuli memorandumis sa-

fuZvelze, saqarTvelos fosta kidev

erT axal serviss sTavazobs yvela

mSobels: survilis SemTxvevaSi, maT

saSualeba eZlevaT, saxlidan gausvle-

lad, saqarTvelos fostis meSveobiT,

gamoiweron saswavlo saxelmZRvaneloe-

bi. fosta wignebis saxlSi mitanas

uzrunvelyofs.

saqinformi SegaxsenebT, rom so-

cialurad daucveli moswavleebi ze-

moaRniSnuli sareitingo qulebis sa-

fuZvelze sajaro skolebSi arian aR-

ricxulni (aRricxva dasrulda 2010-

2011 saswavlo wlis bolos).

cxadia, visac zemoaRniSnul sare-

itingo maCveneblebze odnav maRali

qulebi aqvs an eTakileba, gaamxilos

sakuTari gaWirveba TanaklaselebTan

an klasis damrigebelTan, ufaso sax-

elmZRvaneloebis gareSe darCeba da

mouwevs sakmaod didi Tanxis gadaxda

wignebis SesaZenad.

sicxe da uwyloba abaSaSirogorc saqinformis korespondenti

samegrelos regionSi abaSidan gvaty-

obinebs, abaSis centraluri quCebis

umravlesobas sasmeli wyali ar

miewodeba. wylis problema abaSas

wlebia, awuxebs, Tumca gaerTianebuli

wyalmomaragebis kompaniam centraluri

milsadeni erTi Tvis winaT SeakeTa.

amis miuxedavad, abaSelebs wyali mx-

olod sam dRes hqondaT, Semdeg ki

wyalsadeni kvlav mwyobridan gamovi-

da.

saqarTvelos gaerTianebuli wyalmo-

maragebis kompaniis martvilis, abaSisa

da senakis serviscentrSi wylis mi-

wodebis Sewyvetis mizezad adgilo-

brivebis daudevrobasa da wylis dabal

wnevas asaxeleben. wyalmomaragebis

kompaniaSi miaCniaT, rom wylis wnevis

vardna moSvebuli onkanebis bralia.

abaSis gamgeobaSi wylis problemis

Sesaxeb ician, Tumca, gamgebel guram

gunavas TqmiT, wyali municipalur

sakuTrebaSi aRar aris da problemas

gamgeoba ver agvarebs.

SegaxsenebT, rom municipalur sakuTre-

baSi arsebuli wylisa da kanalizaciis

sistemebi mTeli saqarTvelos

masStabiT gaerTianebuli wyalmomarage-

bis kompanias gadaeca.

mosaxleobas ki gausaZlis sicxeebSi

wylis cisternebiT mozidva uwevs da

es maSin, roca abaSis gamgeobis Senobis

remonti adgilobriv biujets 280 aTas

larze meti ujdeba.

saqarTvelos xelisufleba

realurad monopolisti

mediamagnati gaxdarogorc saqinforms „TeTri moZrao-

bis“ pressamsaxuridan acnobes, satele-

vizio anZis marTvis uflebiT gadacemis

auqcionis daCqarebuli wesiT Catareba

bevr safuZvlian eWvs badebs da

aZlierebs azrs imis Taobaze, rom

saqarTvelos xelisufleba arCevnebis

gamocxadebamde saswrafo wesiT apirebs,

sruli kontroli daawesos beWdviT

da eleqtronul mediaze (saqarTveloSi

internetis gavrcelebaze kontroli

ukve daawesa mixeil saakaSvilma, igi

misi ojaxis wevrs, biznesmen Sarangias

Caabara. aris eWvi, rom pirdapir Tu

iribad igi iqneba satelevizio anZis

mesakuTrec).

„xelisuflebis mzakvrul qmedebaTa

dasturia 26 maisi da misi Semdgomi

periodi: Jurnalistebis cema-tyepa,

daSineba, teqnikis CamorTmeva, daWerebi

– azrovnebisaTvis miuwvdomeli

cinikuri saproceso garigeba, media-

holding „palitraze“ SemowmebiTi Sete-

va, SeTanxmeba badri patarkaciSvilis

ojaxTan: „yvelafers giTmobT – met-

alurgiul qarxanasac, magram daiviwyeT

„imedi“.

dResaviT aris naTeli, ra unda

xelisuflebas. misi survilia mona-

morCili sainformacio sivrciT Seqmnas

iluzia, rom saqarTvelo Sendeba da

brwyindeba, msoflio ki ingreva. re-

alurad saqarTveloSi ki yvelaferi

piriqiTaa.

xelisuflebam konkretulad icis,

ra unda, magram gaTiTokacebulobisa

da daqsaqsulobis da, upiratesad, skame-

bisaTvis brZolis gamo sibneliT aris

moculi politikosTa pozicia da is,

eTanxmeba Tu ara xelisuflebis mza-

kvrul ganaCens qarTveli xalxi,

saqarTvelos mosaxleoba.

saqarTvelos xelisufleba, romelic

21-e saukuneSi sakuTar qveyanaSi medi-

aze, internetis gavrcelebasa da

satelevizio anZaze awesebs kontrols,

Tavisi arsiT, aris diqtatoruli, ukve

aRar aris am qveynis xelisufleba.

nebismieri qveynisaTvis aseTi xelisu-

fleba miuRebelia. warmoudgenelia,

aseTi xelisufleba erTi dRiTac iguos

demokratiulma evropam, demokratiulma

dasavleTma.

samwuxaroa, rom saqarTvelos mego-

bari qveynebis elCebi araviTar komen-

tars ar akeTeben maSin,roca xelisu-

fleba monopolisti mediamagnati xdeba.

amas analogi ar aqvs msoflioSi da

es siwynariT aRiqmeba. samwuxarod,

demokratiuli dasavleTisganac. mdu-

marebas amjobineben is elCebic, rom-

lebmac 26 maiss saqarTvelos

damoukideblobis dRes qarTveli xalx-

is yofna ver aitanes rusTavelis

prospeqtze da xelisuflebas sisas-

tikiT moqmedebis mwvane gza misces.

saqarTveloSi aseTi xelisuflebis

imiT gamarTleba, rom sastikia da amit-

om xmas ver viRebT, danaSaulia rogorc

istoriis, ise, gansakuTrebiT, momavlis

winaSe.

xelisuflebis sisastike misi mSiS-

robisa da sisustis maniSnebelia. mSiS-

arasa da sustze morCileba mxolod

monebs SeuZliaT.

saqarTvelos Zliereba Tavisu-

flebisaken mudmivi ltolva iyo.dRes

igi gansakuTrebulad sWirdeba

saqarTvelos da mis momavals.

dRes Cven vWirdebiT saqarTvelos

da mis momavals. davdgeT RirsebiT,

rogoradac amas Cveni winaprebi

akeTebdnen da Cven gadavarCenT qarTul

cnobierebas saqarTveloSi da teri-

toriuladac gavamTlianebT mraval-

tanjul saqarTvelos“, – naTqvamia ko-

respondenciaSi.

saqinformi


mas Semdeg, rac gazeT “ilorSi”

davbeWdeT baton giorgi xufenias

mogonebebi megruli “nacionalizmis”

Taobaze, romelsac xelovnurad aR-

vivebdnen saqarTveloSi megrelT-

moZule maRali Tanamdebobis pirebi,

redaqciaSi uamravi werili movida aR-

niSnuli publikaciis ganmeorebis Tx-

ovniT. CvenTvis savsebiT gasagebia mk-

iTxvelis interesi aRniSnuli sakiTx-

isadmi da amitomac ganmeorebiT vbeW-

davT baton giorgi xufenias mogonebebs.

rogorc cnobilia, egreTwodebuli

megrelTa saqmis politikuri Sefasebis

sawyisad 1951 wlis noemberi iTvleba,

uTuod is asedac aris, magram farTo

masebisaTvis dRemde cnobili ar aris

mTavari da ZiriTadi, anu am mimar-

TulebiT jer kide adrindeli periodi-

dan Tu rogori veraguli Canafiqri ar-

sebobda egreTwodebuli `megruli na-

cionalisturi jgufis~ Sesakowiweblad,

romelic metad konspiraciul viTarebaSi

funqcionirebda da mas Tavidanve

saqarTvelos xelmZRvanel pirTa pa-

Tologiurad daavadebuli avtoritetebi

edgnen Turme saTaveSi, megrelT-moZule

ukeTurebi arc Tu ise cotani yofilan,

samwuxarod aseTebis wyalobiT am jguf-

ma gza da gza mniSvnelovani Sevseba mi-

iRo, riTac mogvianebiT gundSi ugunurTa

sakmarisi wre Seikra...

...1946 wlidan, sabWoTa saxelmwifos

globaluri interesebidan gamomdinare

i.b. stalinis piradi miTiTebiT (polit-

biuros dadgenilebiT) lavrenti pavles

Ze beria saTaveSi udgeba partiisa da

saxelmwifosaTvis #1 sasicocxlo

mniSvnelobis problematuri sakiTxis,

atomuri bombis Seqmnis saqmes.

Sesabamisad igi mravalxazobrivi sax-

elmwifo struqturebis garkveuli naw-

ilisagan Tavisufldeba, Tu ar miviRebT

mxedvelobaSi saxelmwifo-strategiul

dazvervas, romelic Semdgom `lpb“-s

(lpb _ ase ixseniebdnen axlo wreSi

lavrenti pavles Ze berias) uSualo

daqvemdebarebaSi darCa.

sakavSiro uSiSroebis ministri, armiis

generali merkulovi Tavisufldeba

dakavebuli Tanamdebobidan da mis ma-

givrad iniSneba samamulo omis periodSi

wiTeli armiis kontrdazvervis mTavari

sammarTvelos `smerSis~ ufrosi gener-

al-polkovniki abakumovi.

...kadrebis gadaadgilebis process

arc saqarTvelos uSiSroebis saministro

gadaurCa. abakumovi ar tovebs `yu-

radRebis~ miRma respublikas, amiT sarge-

bloben saqarTvelos maRalCinosnebi da

noyier niadags amzadeben uSiSroebis

samsaxuris xelmZRvaneli postis

dasaufleblad, uromlisod dasaxuli

miznis ganxorcieleba SeuZlebelia.

erTdroulad da saswrafod, rogorc

kremlSi, aseve sakavSiro uSiSroebis

saministroSi, werili _ werilze igza-

vneba, riTac anonimi avtorebi ity-

obinebian, rom saqarTvelos uSiSroebis

ministri aqvsenti nariqis Ze rafava

qarTuli emigraciis lideris _ noe

Jordanias alali biZaSvilis (zogierT

werilSi Zmis Svilad moixsenieba)

meuRlea da am Tanamdebobaze igi ndobas

ar imsaxurebs.

...SemdgomSi cnobili gaxda, rom anon-

imuri werilis erT-erTi avtorTagani

amierkavkasiis sajariso SenaerTebis

kontrdazverva `smerSis~ ufrosi gen-

eral-leitenanti nikoloz maqsimes Ze

ruxaZe yofila.

n. ruxaZe, romelic wlebis gan-

mavlobaSi saqarTvelos CekaSi muSaobda,

xolo SemdgomSi ministris moadgiled

zedmiwevniT kargad icnobda a.n. rafavas

ojaxur mdgomareobas. sxvaTaSoris isic

unda aRiniSnos, rom WiWiko (ase eZaxdnen

Sinaurulad) rafavas rekomendaciiT

iqna n. ruxaZe amier-kavkasiis sajariso

SenaerTebis kontr-dazvervis xelmZR-

vanelad daniSnuli.

1947 wlis ianvris Tvidan general-

leitenanti aqvsenti nariqis Ze rafava

saqarTvelos uSiSroebis ministris

Tanamdebobidan gadahyavdaT iusticiis

ministrad. ase rom respublikis es

mniSvnelovani Tanamdeboba, rogoricaa

uSiSroebis saTao samsaxuris pirveli

Sefis adgili, Tavisufldeba. maSasadame,

SeiZleba kompententurma pirebma javSnidan

Tavi gamoyon da Canafiqris gegmazomier

ganxorcielebas miscen mwvane gza.

iwyeba moqmedeba.

adgilobriv xelmZRvanelobas imedi

aqvs am Tanamdebobaze moxvdes generali

n. ruxaZe, romelsac rogorc `smerSis~

muSaks, ukve amJamindeli ministri abaku-

movi kargad icnobs. im SemTxvevaSi Tu

ki es ase ar moxda, maSin SeTqmulTa

manqana ar amuSavdeba. rogorc cnobili

gaxda, sakavSiro uSiSroebis ministr

abakumovs sxva gegma hqonda. am postze

mas Rirseul kandidatad moazrebuli

aqvs baltiispireTis respublikebis

samxedro olqis sajariso kontr-

dazvervis ufrosi general-leitenanti

valodia zarelua. maSin ki, yvelaferi

SesaZloa rigze yofiliyo...

...ar SeiZleba ar aRiniSnos, general-

polkovniki leseliZis diviziis gener-

lebis: leonid breJnevis da valodia

zareluas SesaniSnavi megobruli

urTierTobebis Sesaxeb, romelTa

siaxloveze ara erTxel aqvT samamulo

omis mematianeebs aRwerili.

amboben, rom valodia zareluam

lavrenti pavles Ze berias, romelic

saerTod kadrebis SeswavliT iyo dain-

teresebuli, erT-erTi Sexvedris dros

l.i. breJnevis pirovneba dauxasiaTao,

rogorc gawonasworebuli da Rirseuli

mzardi partiuli muSaki. imasac aR-

niSnaven, rom TiTqos es garemoeba gamx-

dariyos l.i. breJnevis maRal safexurze

dawinaurebis safuZveli.

davubrundeT Txrobis mTavar arss;

rogorc vvaraudobdiT generali abaku-

movi, saqarTvelos kompartiis cekas mdi-

vans _ kandid Carkvians pirdapiri xaziT

atyobinebs sakavSiro uSiSroebis samin-

istros azrs saqarTvelos respublikis

uSiSroebis ministris postze dasaniSni

kandidaturis Sesaxeb da rom aseT

pirovnebad SerCeulia `smerSis~ erT-

erTi maRali Tanamdebobis piri, CvenTvis

kargad cnobili generali zarelua.

pasuxad k.n. Carkviani moaxsenebs, rom

miiRos piradad. sakavSiro saministroSi

misuls, ministris misaRebSi xvdeba abaku-

movis mier saq. uSiSroebis ministrad

rekomendirebuli v. zarelua, erTmaneT-

Tan Tbilad misalmebis Semdeg k. Cark-

vians ministris referenti dauyovnebliv

miacilebs, general-polkovnik abakumov-

Tan, kabinetSi.

saqarTvelos centraluri komitetis

mdivan k. Carkviansa da sakavSiro uSiS-

roebis ministr abakumovs Soris iwyeba

saqmiani dialogi. _ rogorc telefoniT

mogaxseneT _ iwyebs saubars saqarTvelos

cekas mdivani _ genadi zareluas mimarT,

rogorc komunistsa da profesionalizmze

saqarTvelos centraluri komiteti da

misi biuro, mxolod dadebiTi Sexed-

ulebisaa, magram arsebobs mniSvnelovani

angariSgasawevi garemoeba, amx. valodia

zarelua miuxedavad misi qarTuli war-

momavlobisa, wlebis ganmavlobaSi muSaob-

da da cxovrobda saqarTvelos respub-

likis gareT, amdenad, saqarTvelos re-

spublikis aqtivi, rac mTavaria Tbilisis

sazogadoeba da misi elitaruli nawili,

mas naklebad icnobs. Cemi azriT es faq-

tori angariSgasawevia Tqvendami rwmuneb-

uli specifikuri samsaxurisaTvis.

amis Semdeg kandid Carkvianma, saubari

dawyebuli argumentaciis WrilSi gaa-

grZela da abakumovs axsenebs, rom

saqarTvelos cekas azria, respublikis

uSiSroebis ministris postze rekomen-

dacia misces amierkavkasiis jarebis

kontrdazvervis `smerSis~ ufross gen-

eral-leitenant nikoloz maqsimes Ze

ruxaZes, romelic wlebis ganmavlobaSi

muSaobda saqarTvelos uSiSroebis pa-

suxismgebel Tanamdebobebze, xolo amis

Semdegac, rodesac generali ruxaZe ga-

dayvanil iqna wiTeli armiis

amierkavkasiis jarebis kontrdazvervis

ufrosad, samsaxureobrivi mdgomareobiT

ZiriTadad mainc saqarTveloSi imy-

ofeboda da mis aqtivTan mWidro kavSir-

Si uxdeboda moRvaweoba. mniSvnelovani

garemoebaa isic, rom generali ruxaZe,

amierkavkasiis jarebis sardalTan erTad

arCeulia saqarTvelos kompartiis cen-

traluri komitetis wevrad da igi

dReis mdgomareobiT, rogorc cekas

plenumis wevri nayofier partiul saqmi-

anobas eweva respublikis masStabiT.

sakavSiro ministri _ abakumovi,

saqarTvelos cekas mdivnis Carkvianis

dasabuTebul rekomendacias uSiSroebis

ministris postze n.a. ruxaZis wardgenis

Sesaxeb, logikurad cnobs da general

ruxaZis sasargeblod wydeba sakiTxi,

xolo generali v. zarelua iniSneba n.

ruxaZis magier amierkavkasiis jarebis

SenaerTebis kontr-dazverva `smerSis~

ufrosad.

sakiTxis sasurveli kuTxiT Se-

brunebis Sedegad, cekas mdivani Carkviani

gamarjvebuli da gabadruli brundeba

saqarTveloSi. xumroba xom ar iyo, jer

a.n. rafavas, rogorc megrelis, am metad

mniSvnelovani Tanamdebobidan umtkivneu-

lod CamoSoreba, aseve umtkivneulod

meore megreli _ v. zareluasaTvis gzis

gadaketva.

amrigad, sawadeli miRweulia, magram

rac yvelaze mniSvnelovani da mTavarze

umTavresia, es mainc saqarTvelos uSiS-

roebis ministrad n.a. ruxaZis daniSv-

naa.

1952 wlis ianvris Tvea. saqarTvelos

uSiSroebis saministros erT-erTi qveg-

anyofilebis ufros podpolkovnik mamia

Jvanias gadaudebeli saqmis gamo mouxda

pirveli spec.samsaxuris arqivSi Sro-

matevadi, xangrZlivi muSaoba, sabWoTa

saqarTvelos daarsebis pirveli dRi-

danve, anu 1921 wlis Tebervlis Tvidan

dawyebuli ociani wlebis arqivi

mTlianad da detalurad Seeswavla.

amas iTxovda is saqme, romelic pod-

polkovnik Jvanias logikur daboloe-

bamde unda mieyvana.

es is droa, rodesac `megrelTa saqme~

mTeli simwvaviT dgas dRis wesrigSi,

sakiTxis garSemo miRebulia centraluri

komitetis ara erTi dadgenileba. am

droisaTvis ukve dapatimrebulia

megruli warmoSobis partiuli-sabWoTa

avtoritetebi da xelaRebiT grZeldeba

sxva pasuxismgebel pirTa ayvana.

podpolkovnik m. Jvanias saqmianobas

arqivSi garkveulwilad agorebuli

`megrelTa saqmesTan~ hqonda kavSiri.

Semosuli binZuri xasiaTis anonimuri

werili, romelic sabWoTa wyobilebis

pirveli wlebis sakiTxebTan iyo

dakavSirebuli, iTxovda mTeli rigi

masalebis oficialuri Tu araofi-

cialuri gziT anonimis mier miwodebuli

informaciebis gadamowmebas.

vimeoreb, `megrelTa saqmesTan~

dakavSirebiT n. ruxaZe mogonil kompr-

masalebs awvdida kremlis xelisufalT,

aseTi aprobirebuli meTodi amarTlebda,

radgan gzavnili dokumenti kuTvnile-

bisamebr Sesamowmeblad teritoriul

daqvemdebarebaSi isev gamgzavnT ubrun-

debodaT, es ukanasknelebi Tavis mxriv

xelebs ibandnen aqaoda Cven mxolod

moskovis miTiTebebs vasrulebTo, faqtiu-

rad ki sargeblobdnen ra zemodan mo-

cemuli gankargulebiT, Semowmebis doku-

mentSi metad moxerxebulad da

taqtikuri svliT debdnen Tavidanve

strategiulad gaTvlil Canafiqrs.

saarqivo masalebis damuSavebisas m.

Jvania moulodnelad awydeba sensaciur

masalebs, romelic exeba saqarTvelos

saxelmwifos uSiSroebis amJamindel mo-

qmed ministrs general-leitenant rux-

aZes da mis mkvidr Zmas.

masalebi metyveleben, rom saqarTve-

los gasabWoebis pirvel dReebSi

nikoloz aleqsis Ze ruxaZe da misi

alali Zma cxovrobdnen aWaraSi (ba-

TumSi), rogorc profesionali kontra-

bandistebi danaSaulebriv-antisax-

elmwifoebriv kavSirSi imyofebodnen

aWarel da Turq kontrabandist-

megzurebTan (xodakebTan), romlebic gar-

da aqtiuri kontrabandisa, xels uwyobd-

nen da saqmian daxmarebas uwevdnen anti-

sabWoTa kontrrevoluciur elementebs

saqarTvelo-TurqeTis sazRvarze arale-

galurad gadayvanis saqmeSi, romelic

mimarTuli iyo axalgazrda sabWoTa

respublikis interesebis sazianod.

gaocebulma batonma mamia Jvaniam, is-

argebla imiT, rom nanaxi masalebi ar

iyo pirveli spec-ganyofilebis kar-

toTekaSi fiqsirebuli, n. ruxaZesa da

mis Zmaze arsebul kompr-masalebs

umtkivneulod da Zalian ostaturad

iRebs arqividan da ase itovebs pirad

sargeblobaSi.

unda iTqvas, rom aRniSnuli faqtis

Sesaxeb ufro mogvianebiT, rodesac wlis

dasawyisSi ministri _ nikoloz ruxaZe

gaanTavisufles dakavebuli Tanamdebo-

bidan da amis Semdeg male patimrobaSi

iqna ayvanili, ukve uSiSroebis samin-

istros centraluri aparatis mTelma

operatiulma Semadgenlobam Seityo dau-

jerebeli, magram faqtiurad sensaciuri

ambis Sesaxeb. winamdebare naweris gamo

momyavs piradad batoni mamia JvaniasTan

Semdgari saubris Sinaarsi:

„Cems mier arqividan amoRebuli

masalebis dedans ramdenime asli ga-

davuRe da srul wesrigSi moviyvane.

garkveuli fiqris Semdeg gadavwyvite

kompromasalebi general ruxaZeze mokle,

magram Sinaarsiani mimarTviT gamegzavna

saqarTvelos kompartiis centraluri

komitetis pirveli mdivnis kandid

nestoris Ze CarkvianisaTvis. vimedovneb-

di, n. ruxaZis mier axalgazrda sabWoTa

saqarTvelos sawinaaRmdegod Cadenili

antisabWoTa danaSaulis gamomzeurebiT

SevZlebdi sul mcires mainc, saxeldobr:

dakavebuli Tanamdebobidan ministr n.

ruxaZis ganTavisuflebas. am qmedebiT

CamoviSorebdiT `megrelTa saqmis~

aqtiur zemwol pirovnebas, romelic

erT-erTi sulisCamdgmeli iyo am pro-

vokaciisa. darwmunebuli viyaviT am

saSualebiT garkveulad Semsubuqdeboda

megrelTa xelaRebiT devna, magram ratom-

Rac ase ar moxda.

k. Carkvianis saxelze werilis gagza-

vnidan arc ise didi dro iyo gasuli,

rodesac ministris referentma gadmomca

saswrafod vxlebodi general n. rux-

aZes.

mis SekiTxvaze ra werili gavugzavne

cekas mdivans k. Carkvians _ vupasuxe:

diax, amxanag Carkvians, am SemTxvevaSi

ara rogorc uSiSroebis muSakma, aramed

rogorc komunistma, partiuli wesdebis

sruli SesatyvisobiT mivwere werili,

romelic TqvenTvis cnobili gamxdara.

general ruxaZem gamomwvevad Semomxeda

da saubarSi ucbad CamerTo _ Tqven ro-

gorc komunists, ra Tqma unda, amis

ufleba gqondaT, magram minda icodeT,

rom is werili amJamad CemTan imyofeba.

es bolo sityva gamarjvebuli kacis

niSnis mogebiT warmosTqva. sxva gza ar

mqonda, Seupovrad SeveWide: ministro, _

vuTxari me, _ rodesac am metad saSiS

nabijs vdgamdi, detalebSi mqonda

gaTvlili yvela mosalodneli varianti

ukiduresobis kuTxiTac ki. minda

giTxraT, rom gaazrebuli variantis

erT-erTi mxare dRevandeli Cveni Sexve-

drasac iTvaliswinebda. ase rom uke

windawin zomebi mqonda miRebuli, rom-

lis meqanizmi Cems piradi usafrTxoebis

garantias uzrunvelyofda. saqme is aris,

rom rodesac TqvenTvis cnobil masalebs

arqivSi, muSaobis procesSi, sruliad

SemTxveviT wavawydi, radgan es ukve kar-

gad cnobili dokumenti kartotekaSi

ar iyo dafiqsirebuli, pirwmindad amoRe-

buli maqvs da CemTan inaxeba saimedod

daculi. minda icodeT, imdenad saimedod

maqvs Senaxuli, rom mas veraviTari pro-

fesionaluri Cxrekva ver SeZlebs mi-

akvlios da am mxriv mcdeloba misi

xelSi Casagdebad mxolod situacias

gaamwvavebs Cems sasargeblod; rogorc

xedavT samxili masalebis mxolod

aslebi gavugzavne cekas mdivans, romelic

amJamad, rogorc Tqven brZaneT, saTanado

reagirebisaTvis win gidevT. rac Seexeba

ZiriTadi masalebis pirvel pirebs isini,

wesrigSi moyvanili, CemTvis uaRresad

sando pirTan aris Senaxuli. maTi

xelSeuxebloba imdens xans iqneba garan-

tirebuli, ramdenic es saWiro iqneba.

ufro gasagebad ganvmartav, arsebul

komprmasalebze dReis mdgomareobiT

viciT mxolod oTxma kacma: me, cekas

mdivanma _ kandid Carkvianma, ukve Tqven

da rac mTavaria kidev erTma: romelsac

CemTvis uaRresad sasicocxlo

mniSvnelobis daniSnuleba eniWeba ro-

gorc sando pirovnebas. dasamali ar

maqvs, radgan Cemi Canafiqri ar ganxor-

cielda, SevTanxmdeT Semdeg garigebaze:

me sxva instanciebs ar mivmarTav da

kompromasalebs, Tqvenze arsebuli Sesa-

Zlo gzebiT mets ar gavaxmaureb. mTeli

dokumentacia iqneba CemTan konservaci-

aSi, magram erTi pirobiT, Tu Cems mimarT

miiRebT nebismieri meTodiT zomebs, es

dapatimrebis gziT Tu teroris

saSualebiT, icodeT _ is pirovneba,

romelTanac molaparakebuli var,

gamoiyenebs Tavis avtoritetul mdgo-

mareobas da komprmasalebis dedans

kremlis pasuxismgebeli piris meSveobiT

uSualod stalinisaTvis gadasacem fos-

taSi Caagdebs da Tu ra mohyveba amas,

naTel suraTs gvaZlevs. vimeoreb, mo-

cemuli pirobis erTguli viqnebi da

mas mtkiced davicav. vfiqrob Seqmnili

situaciidan gamomdinare, Tqvenc iZule-

buli xdebiT Cems mier SemoTavazebuli

garigebis pirobebi aseve daicvaT da

bolos, sakiTxis irgvliv Cvens Soris

Semdgari dialogi CavTvaloT damTavre-

bulad.

giorgi xufenia

~megruli `nacionalizmi~ anu SeTqmuleba erTiani saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg


yvela ers aqvs Tavisi tradi-

ciebi, adaTebi da wes-Cveulebebi.

isini Seqmna TviT xalxma, romlebic

asaxaven ama Tu im tomis, gvaris

Tu ojaxis qceva-moqmedebebs, cx-

ovrebis Sinaarss. yvela zne-Cveule-

bas gaaCnda misTvis damaxasiaTebe-

li ritualuri moqmedeba. amis sa-

fuZvelze iqmneboda xalxuri Tq-

mulebebi da legendebi. xalxuri

wes-Cveulebebi warmoadgenda

mSromeli adamianebis erTobis

saSualebas.

dResaswaulebi da wes-Cveulebani

ara mxolod, ubralod, alamazeben

cxovrebas, aramed isini Taobidan

Taobas gadascemen istoriul

gamocdilebas.

rogorc qristianoba, ise yvela

sxva religia, saTemo-sagvareulo

dResaswaulebisa da wes-Cveulebe-

bis saSualebiT nergavdnen xalxSi

TavianT ZiriTad ideebs.

yvela xalxis cxovrebaSi aris

gansakuTrebuli dReebi, romelic

ukavSirdeba raime mniSvnelovan

movlenas, ramac sadResaswaulo

xasiaTi miiRo. am dResaswaulebis

didi nawili adamianTa yoveldRiur

cxovrebasTan iyo dakavSirebuli.

adamiani dResaswaulobda xvna-Tes-

vas, mosavlis aRebas, igonebda sax-

alxo gmirebs. SemdgomSi bevrma

dResaswaulma religiuri xasiaTi

miiRo, romelic damkvidrda

yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi.

gagacnobT samegreloSi dRemde

SemorCenil dResaswaulebs, rom-

lebic uxsovari droidan iReben

saTaves.

sadabado

sadabados (odabade) locvas as-

rulebdnen dedofaniebi (bebiaqalebi)

Zvelad, rodesac ar iyo samSobisro

saxlebi, gansakuTrebiT ki soflebSi.

maT movaleobas dakvirvebuli da

gamocdili qali asrulebda, romelsac

dedofanias eZaxdnen. qalebis umravle-

sobas mSobiaroba Tavis keriasTan

uxdeboda. daanTebdnen did cecxls,

gaaTbobdnen saxls, keriasTan daafend-

nen Calas an Tivas, gadaafarebdnen ze-

wars da bebia qalis daxmarebiT ibade-

bodnen bavSvebi. swored am dros ki

soflis umravles ojaxebSi Svidi da

meti bavSvi hyavdaT.

bavSvebis dabadebidan (vis rogori

saSualeba hqonda) cota xnis semdeg

deda moiwvevda beba qals da xonCaze

dalagebul sursaT-sanovages miarT-

mevda. es ukanaskneli ki sanTliT

xelSi midioda bavSvebTan, samjer Se-

mouvlida gars da locavda mis mier

ayvanil bavSvebs.

meoce saukuneSi es salocavi Sec-

vala (gaauqma) samSobiaro saxlebma.

dRevandeli gaWirvebis Jams kidev aris

sakuTar keriasTan mSobiarobis

SemTxvevebi, magaliTisaTvis SemiZlia

moviyvano afxazeTidan devnili ramin

pertaias meuRlem, romelic cxovrobs

qalaq baTumSi, sastumro “mesxeTSi”,

me-14 sarTulze, dedofaniis daxmarebiT

orjer imSobiara. albaT isini

Seasrulebdnen sadabados rituals.

afxazeTSi sadabados rituali sx-

vanairad tardeboda. Tu samiqel-

gabrielo Zroxas eyoleboda fuji

(mdedri) xbo, mas qalebi klavdnen da

loculobdnen, raTa gaeCinaT bevri

Svilebi.

goxarWalafa

es salocavi raRac jados magvari

iyo. sruldeboda mavne mwerebisa da

qvewarmavlebis winaaRmdeg aRdgomis

win, did xuTSabaTs. ojaxis yvela

wevri jdeboda keriasTan. ojaxSi yve-

laze umcross (mdedr. sqesis) uxmod

unda daerTo erTi TiTistari Zafi, e.i.

“Surubumuo”. danarCenebi ki cdilobd-

nen mis Secdenas. “uxmo gogos” ar

unda daeZina, roca yvela daiZinebda

“Surubumu” fexis TiTebs gadauRobavda

yvelas im ZafiT, raTa TiTebis qavili

ar hqonodaT. SuaRamisas “uxmo gogo”

atexda xmaurs (xarWals), vedroSi

aCxarunebda kenWebs. danarCenebic

iRviZebdnen da iwyebdnen Cxaruns. isini

gars uvlidnen saxls Tu ezoSi mdgar

sxva nagebobebs.

gogona naxSiriT Semoxazavda

sazRvrebs, im mizniT, rom naxSiris mo-

eridebodaT mwerebs da imis aqeT ar

Semovidodnen.

aRniSnuli ritualis Semdeg tarde-

boda “wyirWofua” (rwyildaWera). erT-

erTi gogo adioda saxlis sxvenze,

viTom yanas Toxnida da xmamaRla iZa-

xda “sad yana da sad sxvenio”, sxva pa-

suxobda _ “so yude do so wyirio”

(sad saxli da sad rwyilio), mere

fexebs urtyamdnen kerias, TiTqos

asamarebdnen rwyils.

gaZRoba

es salocavi tardeboda didmarxvis

24-e dRes. kolxeTSi es cnobilia

gaZRomis, gaZRis saxelwodebiT. am pe-

riodisaTvis pirvelad Semodioda Win-

Wari. ojaxSi ki mzaddeboda WinWris

mwvanili. gakeTebul saWmels awyobdnen

saxlis karze. kars Riad tovebdnen da

warmoTqvamdnen “ena gaZRis, ena giZRis”.

TiTqos raRac uxilavi modioda, waiReb-

da saWmels da iloceboda “misiT

uRuni Tis Sibudas” (visav aqvs, imas

qonebodeso). zarmacebis sufras ki

wyevlida “dRas vaSibudas” (arasdro

eSovnoTo). amis gamo yvela cdilobda

sizarmacis daZlevas.

jgeraguna

jgeraguna futkris salocavia. Zve-

lad Tafli blomad iyo xis fu-

RuroebSi. adamianebi Zveli droidan

akvirdebodnen futkris moqmedebas, mis

SromiT saqmianobas, sibejiTes da wes-

rigs. is RvTaebrivad gamoacxades da

rogorc wmindans “jgeraguna” uwodes.

amis Semdeg xalxma daiwyo

futkrisaTvis binis (skis) keTeba.

es salocavi tardeboda mindvris

yvavilebis Semosvlisas, aRdgomis me-

40 dRes, amaRlebas. safutkreSi mid-

iodnen kverebiT, ukmevdnen sakmeveliT,

raTa muSa futkrisaTvis meti Zala

miecaT. ambobdnen aseT sityvebs _

“aguna, maguna, jgeraguna didebulo”,

raTa futkars Tavisi saxlisaTvis

miegno da meti Tafli mietana.

mlocvelebi futkris saxlis garSemo

sxdebodnen da iqve Wamdnen salocav

kverebs. es ki niSnavda imas, rom gayris

Semdeg meore deda futkars sxvagan

ar waeyvana Tavisi ojaxi da iq Casaxle-

buliyo, sadac miuCina patronma bina.

mefutkreoba kolxeTis mosaxleobis

ZiriTad saqmianobas warmoadgenda. tyiT

dafaruli Zveli kolxeTi erT-erTi

im mxareTagania, sadac Zalze momravle-

buli iyo futkari. aq saukeTeso xarisx-

is Tafli mzaddeboda. Zvelad sapatio

stumrebs desertad Taflis fiWas mi-

arTmevdnen xolme.

vaWrebs cvili gahqondaT konstan-

tinopolSi. gansakuTrebiT sasargebloa

mindvris nair-balaxisa da xexlovani

mcenareebis yvavilis mtveri. is mdi-

daria mTeli rigi biologiuri naer-

TebiT da gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva avad-

myofobis samkurnalod.

amitom, xalxma SemoiRo futkris sa-

locavi “jgeraguna”.

lazebi futkars ulocavdnen Semdeg-

nairad:

bujgujuq Tofuri miRunuc, mure

wyari moiRans,

bujgujus bubeWyai (cdilobs), mure

qoToliRa,

is Tofurs, ma oWkumu eliTada maiRa

CiCayvi,

dokurubu wiflis, duda qeiRa To-

furi var,

axenuko xeTaSuri qeiRa.

mirian jalaRoniaomisa da Sromis veterani, devnili

afxazeTidan

(gagrZeleba iqneba)

saTemo, sagvareulo da saojaxo salocavebi samegrelosa da afxazeTSi

norCi ilorelis tribuna _ TamTa caguriapatara kvirtipatara kvirti var da

gazafxuls vumReri ar

gagikvirdeT! aba, daakvirdi xis

totebze Cems pirvel kvirts,

mzisken iWyitebian, TiTqos, mzes

evedrebian: genacvale, TvalebSi

gamomaxede, gamaxeline rom Cemi

lamazi gazafxuli davinaxoo.

mzem gauRima kvirtebs. mi-

ualersa, moefera da RimiliT

axara: mec mixaria gazafxulis

mosvla, male dedamiwaze

aprili mobrZandeba yvavilebis

lamazi etliT, Cagexveva da

getyvis: CemiT iwyeba gazafx-

uli, patarav! zeca ciskris

kars gagiRebs da dagapkurebs

nams, rogorc cis mananebs Sven-

iT da daiwyeba totebze kvir-

tebis daskdoma. es, Cemo kargo,

Seni simReris pirveli hangebi

iqneba da ayvavdeba Seni lamazi

toti, agisruldeba natvra da

igrZnob gazafxulis laR sun-

Tqvas da gulis feTqvas. axla,

Cemo kargo, xom gixaria? Sexede

rogor brwyinaven da cim-

cimeben RamiT varskvlavebi.

isini ufals madlobas

swiraven. Wreli pepela, yvav-

ilebis bangiT damTvrali,

Seisvenebs Sens totze da Cumad

gakocebs, qari gimRerebs qar-

Tul nanas da Sen igrZnob

mTebis sunTqvas. camde awvdili

ki parosebi sulganabulni

dganan da Soridan usmenen

usityvo nanas.

xom ar SegeSinda? nu

geSinia, male aprilis wvima

wamova, mas SenTvis moaqvs siT-

bo, nu SegaSinebs grgvinvis

dawyeba, nu daRondebi. aprili

modis da galaRdebi, martis

Rrubeli nu SegaSinebs, is xan

gacremlebs, xan mogefereba.

xom ar SegeSinda? male

gazafxuli dadgeba, mze amo-

brwyindeba, gulSi Cagikravs.

mzis amosvla SenTvis xom bed-

nierebaa. Gexvewebi gazafxulo,

rom ca RrublebiT ar daxuro.

TandaTan gawvebian horizontze

nislebi. sios neli

foTlebisaSrialeba gulSi

nanasaviT Cagesmeba dRisiT da

RamiT. mTidan gamoqceuli

patara nakadulebi CqrialiT

morbian da moxtian, siyvarulis

hangebs gimRerian. Sen Sescqeri

da gixaria. ai, mze Cavida. sx-

ivebis CanCqeri uxvad gadaaR-

vara uwmindesis da unetaresis

ilia II-is baRSi gaRviZebul

patara rtos. nu swuxar patar-

av! gjera Cemi? male gazafxuli

mova, Sen bednieri xar edemis

baRSi rom gaiSlebi.

samoTxis Citebiqari gaSmagebiT gaswivis,

tokavs kiparosi. kiparosSi

Semaluli Citebi idumali xmiT

gasZaxian baRSi galobadqceul

Tavis msgavs Citebs: ra bed-

nierebi varT, genacvaleT, uw-

mindesisa da unetaresis baRSi

rom vcxovrobT. dRegrZeloba

uwmindess da unetaress, janm-

rTeloba Cvens cocxal an-

gelozs. Cems dadardianebul

guls Sveba agrZnobines

beRurebma. ciskarma gaSala

frTebi, dila gaanaTa. TeTri

farfata mtredi laJvardSi

trialebs, ciskars esalmeba.

bilikze farSevangi da-

seirnobs, sio nela aSrialebs

foTlebs. sulganabulni

dganan kiparosebi da Cumad

usmenen ciskris usityvo nanas.

mTebs nislis baRdadi

waukravT Tavze. mtkvari,

TiTqos, akvanSi wevs da

duduniT ganagrZobs denas.

mdumared dgas mTawminda.

totebdaxrili xeebi amayad

dganan da memSvidobebian. yvav-

ilebi Ramis Zilisgan Tavisu-

fldebian, iRimian, dilis crem-

lebs imSraleben da kabebs

isworeben, Tan meubnebian:

patarav, ici dRes gazafxulis

pirvli dRea. mec gigalobT

Citebo da yvavilebo. Seviyvaro

ufali RmerTi Seni yovliTa

guliTa SeniTa da yovliTa

suliTa SeniTa da yovliTa

gonebiTa SeniTa.

dedadadga marti. xan Tovs, xan

wvims, xan Tbili, mziani dReebi

cvlian erTmaneTs. patara Tam-

Ta avadmyof dedas gverdSi

misjdomia da dedis Tvalebs

Sescqeris, Tan fiqrobs: jer

aseTma axalgazrdam ramdeni

tanjva-wameba gamoiara, rom

Svilebi gadaerCina. TamTam

oTaxSi mimoixeda da fiqrs

misca Tavi. rogor uSvelos

dedas, wamali saidan moitanos.

gza, romelic dedas gadaarCen-

da, ufali iyo. pawawina

xelebiT sanTels anTebda da

wmindanebis win muxlebze da-

Coqili RvTismSobel mariams

evedreboda, deda gadaerCina.

ai, ufalma ismina vedreba da

mxsnelad zaira bebo, deda

qeTevani, deda nona da manana

anua gamoagzavna. saswrafod

mkurnaloba iyo saWiro. Cven

ki fuli ar gvqonda. deda

qeTevanma 50 lari gadasca.

Turme Svilmkvdari dedebis

Senawiri fuli yofila. deda

nonam sakuTari TavSali Se-

moaxvia, daloca da janm-

rTeloba usurva. deda

sixarulisgan tiroda, gvef-

ereboda da gvanugeSebda. nu

geSiniaT, me Tqven Zalian miy-

varxarTo. TavSali Semoixvia,

cremlebi Rapa-RupiT gadmos-

dioda. rom vkiTxe, ratom tiro-

da, miTxra: ici Svilo, am

TavSalma siTbo da sixaruli

damibrunao. deda nona! gamaxsen-

da Cemi toli mixo, romelsac

deda avad hyavda da qinaqinis

sayideli fuli ar hqonda.

skolaSi stumari mouvidaT.

mixos hkiTxes, ra giyidoTo.

mixom upasuxa: qinaqinao.

dRes me bednieri var, dedas

wamlebi moutanes Tqveni

wyalobiT da mkurnalobs. vfi-

cav dedao! me saRmrTo wignidan

viswavli moTminebas, mwuxarebas

sixaruliT daviTmen.

locvauwmendeso da unetareso,

suli meleva me Tqvens

xilvaSi.

ufals vugalob me Tqvens

didebas,

rom avayvavo rwmena qris-

tesi!

gTxovT, mimaswavloT gzai

uflisken,

rogor viaro, rom me vix-

ilo

ieso qriste cis kabadonze

naTlis sxivis SuqiT gabr-

wyinebuli.

`...mxolod da mxolod rw-

meniT patarav,

miende ufals, mas SehRa-

Rade,

gza siwmindisken sworad

iare,

maSin ixilav ieso qristes.~

mec minda viyo cis an-

gelozi,

suliT zecas rom Se-

vuerTde,

Camovqni sanTTlebs, zecaSi

wmindas,

rom ar Caaqron, avanTob im-

dens.

TamTa caguria,Tbilisis me-60 sajaro sko-

lis IV klasis moswavle


saqarTvelo (kolxeTi) _ kacobriobis civilizaciis akvanisaqarTvelo (kolxeTi)

Cveni samyaros upirvelesida udidesi qveyanaa.

iberiada iwyeba kolxeTiT,kolxeTSia qarTuli damsoflio civilizaciis

saTaveprof. levan sanikiZe

das. #122, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128,

129, 130

Cven gazeTis wina nomrebSimkiTxvelebs mivawodeTdidi qarTveli mecnierisbaton klimenti Seliaswerilebis ciklidanmravali saintereso wer-ili, romelic naTelshfens saqarTvelosSoreuli warsulisperipetiebs. zogierTiwerili am ciklidan Sei-Zleba adre gamoqveynebu-lic gvqondes, magramimdenad didia mkiTxveliauditoriis interesi ba-toni klimentis Semoqmede-bisadmi, rom misixelmeored gamoqveynebacdidad sasargeblo dasaSur saqmed migvaCnia _gazeT “iloris” redaqcia.

afrikeli berberebi

megrul enaze

metyvelebdnenrogorc aRiniSna, berberebs

esmodaT da gaegebodaT unaCe-

bis laparaki, maTi ena, amasTan

damatebiT oriode sityvas vi-

tyvi berberebis Sesaxeb.

kolxTa monaTesaveebad

iTvlebian afrikis vrcel ter-

itoriaze mcxovrebi uZvelesi

TeTrkanianebi _ berberebi, rom-

lebic cxovroben alJirSi,

marokoSi da afrikis zogierT

sxva qveyanaSi (am mosaxleobis

erTi mniSvnelovani nawili

damaxinjebuli megruliT la-

parakobs).

berberi mosaxleobis

daaxloebiT 30 procenti

mSobliur “berberul” diale-

qtze metyvelebs, danarCens ena

daviwyebuli aqvs, magram Senar-

Cunebuli aqvs erovnuli TviT-

Segneba, ician, rom erovnebiT

berberebi arian. ukanasknel

periodSi mopovebuli masa-

lebic adastureben qarTve-

lebisa da berberebis istori-

ul naTesaobas (naTela fofx-

aZe, preistoriuli kolxeTi,

gaz. “dioskuria”, 2004, seqtem-

beri, #15).

kontinent evropas

qarTulad “orofa”

unda erqvaskontinent evropis saxel-

wodeba erTgvarad kolxeTis

RmerTis saxelTan aris

dakavSirebuli: is, rac ucxour

enaze iwodeba evropad, meore-

nairad warmoiTqmis “orofa”-

d da es meore aris misi

sawyisi forma. evrofa-orofa

im mefis asulis saxelia,

romelic kolxeTis erTi naw-

ilis _ pelazgebis RmerTma,

saxelad “Ze”-m gaitaca da

Caasaxla kunZul kuratoze (am-

Jamindeli kreta) im midamoebSi,

romelsac kolxuri saxeli

“gordi” erqva (amJamadac “gor-

di” hqvia). kreta ZirZveli

kolxuri mxarea. kurato _

kretis kuTvnil erT patara

kunZuls amJamadac hqvia misi

aTaswleulebis winandeli sax-

eli “kolxiTi”-“kolxeTi”, _

amaze miuTiTeben iqauri samgza-

vro (turistuli) biuros

masalebi. adgilobrivma

mosaxleobam aTaswleulebis

ganmavlobaSi erTgulad da

siyvaruliT SeinarCuna saxel-

wodebebi “gordi” da “kolx-

eTi”.

kunZulidan didi manZiliT

daSorebul sxva kolxur

mxareSi, kolxeTis samTavros

meTauris _ daviT dadianis

daqvrivebuli meuRle ekater-

ine WavWavaZe-dadiani cxovrob-

da samegrelos samTavros

sasaxleSi qalaq gordSi da

iqvea dakrZaluli.

kidev meti, kunZul kurato-

kretaze mdebare qalaq faTis-

faisTis midamoSi, 1908 wels

italielma arqeologma luiji

perniem aRmoaCina uZvelesi, Tix-

isgan gamoZerwili mrgvali

firfita, naqalaqaris

ZvelTaZveli saxelia “faTi”,

igive “foTi”. Semdgom periodSi

ucxoelebi qalaqs moixsenieben

“faistos” saxeliT, sadac imave

1908 wels, luiji perniem kvlav

aRmoaCina Tixis disko “fes-

tosis disko” _ kolxuri

oqrodamwerloba.

“orofa” qarTebis _

qarTvelebis mier Seqmnili

qarTuli sityvaa (kerZod,

kolxuria) da niSnavs “siy-

varuls”, adamianis yvelaze

saTuT, keTilSobilur

grZnobas. kolxuri sityva

“Tqua” (Tqma, laparaki) anu Tq-

muleba zevsis mier gatacebul

“orofaze”, kolxur kunZulze

mis Casaxlebaze, sadac mas sami

vaJi SeeZina: ufrosi mino _

minosi, romelic iqve gamefda

da colad hyavda aietis

asulis _ medeas da _ saxelad

“fasifa” (Tqmulebas istori-

uli safuZveli aqvs, namdvilad

momxdar movlenas asaxavs).

“orofes” saxeli (elinurSi

emateba bolosarTi “os” da

xdeba “orfeosi”), ra Tqma unda,

kolxuri sityvaa. asulis

dakargvis gamo usazRvrod da-

naRvlianebulma orofas mamam

vaJiSvili, saxelad “kolxi”,

gaagzavna asulis saZebrad da

Svils aukrZala orofas

gareSe dabruneba. kilxim

(kolxim) mamis davaleba ver

Seasrula da Sin ver dabrunda,

magram misi saxeli _ “kolxi”

_ aTaswleulebis manZilze

ewodeboda “didi zRuis” (am-

Jamad xmelTaSua zRvis)

CrdiloeT-dasavleTiT mimde-

bare mxares _ kolxikolkix-

ia-kilikia kilixeTi (kilixeTi

anu “qi arTi”) _ aris ge-

ografiuli mxare _ gordiaSi

(gordi). Tqmulebis mixedviT,

orofas SvilisSvilia istori-

isaTvis kargad cnobili de-

vkalioni, romlis Svilia prom-

eTe, Cveneburad amirani hqvia.

“didi xnis Semdeg, ucxoelma

mtrebma gamiznulad gaavrce-

les sxva mosazreba, Seqmnes

Tqmuleba, romelSic kolxebis

_ pelazgebis erovnuli gmiri

_ zevsi sxva erovnebas mi-

akuTvnes, amiT moswyvites mis

erovnul fexvebs da viTareba

gaayalbes” (indiko kvekveskiri,

sami qarTuli saocrebis

irgvliv, gaz. “dioskuria”, 2007,

Tebervali, #38, gv. 6). magram

yvelaferi es istoriisaTvis

kargadaa cnobili da “gayal-

beba” uSedegoa.

qali “azia” daobda imas,

rom mefis asuli evrofa aziis

kontinentze daibada, da misi

saxelis miniWebas meore kon-

tinents upirebdnen, sadac mas

fexi arasodes daudgams. uk-

mayofilebas kontinentisaTvis

evrofas Serqmevis gamo, gamoTq-

vamdnen ara marto mokamaTe

qalebi, aramed sxvebic. maT

Soris herodotec, romelsac

kontinentisaTvis evrofis sax-

elis mikuTvneba usworod mi-

aCnda: msoflioSi sul sami

kontinentia (maSin ase iyo) _

evrofa, azia, libia (kontinent

libias didi xnis Semdeg ewoda

“afrika”) da samives qalis sax-

eli ewodeba, rac savsebiT

uTavboloobaao.

n. fofxaZe ayenebs sakiTxs:

“raki dadgenilia, rom Zveli

qarTuli metyvelebidan “oro-

fa”-dan gamomdinareobs kon-

tinentis damaxinjebuli sax-

eli (“evropa”), unda mivaRwioT

misi Zveli qarTveluri sax-

elis “orofa”-s aRdgenas, rac

dRemde SenarCunebuli aqvT

lazebs. kontinentis saxelis

aseT fericvalebas ara marto

saenaTmecniero mniSvneloba

aqvs, aramed is naTlad asaxavs

da warmoaCens qarTveluri

modgmis mosaxleobis udides

kulturul wvlils”.

laz-megrelebs uZveles

droSi “efuTi” (sibrZ-

nis wigni) hqoniaTlaz-megrelebs uZveles

droSi “efuTi” hqoniaT, romel-

ic dakargulad iTvleba. “efu-

Ti” aris sakacobrio

mniSvnelobis namoRvawrebis, e.i.

Sedevrebis wignis saxeli, igive

“sibrZnis krebuli”.

samegreloSi didma da pataram

icis, rom Zvel droSi arse-

bobda sibrZnis wigni “efuTi”,

rom am wignSi gadmocemuli

iyo qveynis warsuli da mo-

mavali, romelic zustad

sruldeboda da rom es aR-

niSnuli qveyana iyo Cveni sam-

yaros dasawyisi. Cans, rom

“anunaki” unda niSnavdes

“efuTs”.

garda amisa, uZveles droSi

kolx-megrelebs tyeSi “hyav-

daT” “tyaSimafa” _ “tyis mafa”

_ mefe (qali) da “oCo koCi”.

“oCo koCi” iTvleba uZlieres,

uZlevel arsebad, romelic

uwesrigobas ebrZoda, ara mx-

olod tyeSi, aramed yvelgan.

tyis mbrZanebeli miTologiaSi

tyis mefe qalia.

mkvlevari indiko kvekveskiri

wers, rom qarTuli warmar-

Tuli epoqa 7 aTas welze

mets miiTvlis, rom “bibliamde”

xuTi qarTuli wigni arsebob-

da: 1. “efuTi” _ 7 aTasi wlis;

2. “margaliTi” _ 7 aTasi wlis;

3. “tofSa” _ 3.500 wlis; 4.

“tabu” _ 3.500 wlis; 5. “oqros

sawmisi” (“kvirbi”) _ 3.300 wlis

da Semdeg agrZelebs: “efuT”-s

samegrelos mkvidrni “pirvel

biblias” eZaxdnen, radgan “aTi

mcneba” pirveladve iq iyo

CamoTvlili.

is mTeli 4 aTasi wliT

uswrebda am aRiarebul wigns

(naTela fofxaZe, ras niSnavs

sityva “evropa”, gaz.

“dioskuria”, 2007 wlis agvis-

to, #44, gv. 7).

garda amisa samegrelos hyav-

da promeTe. amiranis msgavsi

sxva gmiric, romelsac erqva

aramxutu (eremxutu).

(gagrZeleba iqneba)

2011 wlis 27 ivliss, sainformacio-

analitikuri saagento „saqinformis“

saitze gamoqveynda saqarTvelos xsnis

saerTaSoriso kavSiri „naTlis mxedris“

qvemomoyvanili mimarTva:

saqarTvelos prezidents, baton mixeil

saakaSvils!

saqarTvelos kulturisa da ZeglTa

dacvis ministrs, baton nikoloz ru-

ruas!

saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa min-

istrs, baton grigol vaSaZes!

aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis

mTavrobis Tavmjdomares, baton levan

varSalomiZes!

CvenTvis cnobili gaxda, rom stam-

bolSi 12 ivliss dawyebul msoflio

kulturaTa dReebSi monawile qveynebs

Soris aWara da saqarTvelo cal-calkea

warmodgenili. miuxedavad imisa, rom

aWara aris avtonomiuri respublika, is

aris saqarTvelos ganuyofeli nawili

da misi monawileoba am RonisZiebaSi

saqarTvelosgan damoukideblad mkafiod

mianiSnebs, rom arsebobs mizanmimarTuli

mcdeloba, aWara msoflios TvalSi su-

verenul subieqtad warmoCndes!

veWvobT, rom daiwyo SeCvevis kampania

aWaris saqarTvelosgan etapobrivi

CamoSorebisa.

saqarTvelos xsnis saerTaSoriso

kavSiri „naTlis mxedari“ vacxadebT

protests da moviTxovT, dauyovnebliv

gangvimartoT, Tu visi iniciativiT iqna

miRebuli gadawyvetileba aWaris ze-

moxsenebul RonisZiebaSi saqarTvelosgan

damoukideblad monawileobis Sesaxeb.

Tu saqarTvelos mtrebis mier Cade-

nili es qmedeba darCeba reagirebis

gareSe, CavTvliT, rom Cveni eWvi sa-

fuZvliania da saqarTvelos xelisu-

fleba Segnebulad aridebs Tavs pasux-

ismgeblobas qveynisa da eris winaSe.

saerTaSoriso aRmasrulebeli sabWos

saxeliT,

generaluri mdivani

juliana diuma

londoni, 27 ivlisi, 2011 w.

zemoT moyvanil mimarTvasTan

dakavSirebiT da imis gaTvaliswinebiT,

rom man sazogadoebaSi farTo rezonansi

gamoiwvia, rasac mohyva aRSfoTebuli

mkiTxvelis mravalricxovani satele-

fono zari redaqciaSi da, aseve, mimarTvis

aqtiuri da emociuri ganxilva sxvadasx-

va socialur qselSi (Facebook, Twitter),

saqinformi uflebamosilia ganacxados:

– saqarTvelos xsnis saerTaSoriso

kavSiri „naTlis mxedari“, romelic

evrokavSiris qveynebSi da zogierT aR-

mosavleTis saxelmwifos qarTveli di-

asporis wevrebs aerTianebs, sainforma-

cio-analitikuri saagento „saqinformis“

sainformacio partniori organizaciaa,

xolo saerTaSoriso kavSiri „naTlis

mxedris“ generaluri mdivani, qalbatoni

juliana diuma sainformacio-anali-

tikuri saagento „saqinformis“ spe-

cialuri korespondentia evrokavSiris

qveynebSi;

– sainformacio-analitikuri saagento

„saqinformis“ mTeli Jurnalisturi

koleqtivi srulebiT uWers mxars zemoT

moyvanil mimarTvas da mouwodebs

kolegebs – qarTul medias, arasam-

Tavrobo seqtors, yvelas, visTvisac Cveni

samSoblos bed-iRbali sulerTi ar

aris, mxari dauWiron mocemul mimarTvas.

SesaZloa, qarTveli sazogadoebisa da

Jurnalisturi korpusis operatiuli

reaqcia is prevenciuli zoma aRmoCndes,

romelic sakmarisi iqneba am kazusis

amosaxsnelad da momavalSi msgavsi

precedentebis Tavidan asacileblad;

– Tuki mimarTvaSi moyvanili faqti

sulac araa kazusi da mimarTvis av-

torebis mier gamoTqmuli SeSfoTeba

safuZvliania, mimarTvis adresatebs 2004

wlis maisis movlenebisa da mdinare

Woroxze xidis afeTqebas SevaxsenebT –

imas, rom, „vardebis revoluciis“ lid-

erTa moqmedebebs sazogadoebam mxari

dauWira ara mixeil saakaSvilisadmi

simpaTiis, an aslan abaSiZisadmi an-

tipaTiis gamo, aramed imis gamo, rom

isini mimarTuli iyo aWaris avtonomiis

yovelmxrivi da Seuqcevadi integraci-

isken erTiani qarTuli saxelmwifos

farglebSi, yvela Sida sazRvrisa Tu

postis moxsnisken;

– saqarTvelos prezident mixeil

saakaSvilis gansakuTrebul yuradRebas

mivapyrobT im garemoebas, rom saqarTve-

los decentralizaciisken mimarTuli

misi moqmedebebi, romlebic mdgomareobs

sakonstitucio sasamarTlos – baTumSi,

xolo saqarTvelos parlamentis –

quTaisSi gadatanaSi, pirdapir ewinaaR-

mdegeba mimarTvaSi miTiTebul SemaS-

foTebel destruqciul faqts, romelic

xazs usvams avtonomiis srul damoukide-

blobas centrisagan da msoflio

Tanamegobrobis TvalSi saqarTvelos

ganuyofel nawils – aWaras,

damoukidebel saxelmwifo subieqtad

warmoaCens;

– sainformacio-analitikuri saagento

„saqinformis“ mkiTxvelebi imeds gamoTq-

vamen, rom saqarTvelos xelisuflebas

ar daviwyebia afxazeTi, samxreT oseTi

da smenia 1921 wlis yarsis

xelSekrulebis Sesaxebac, amitomac mis-

gan elian mimarTvaSi miTiTebuli faqtis

ganmartebas. Cveni saagento mzadaa,

gamoaqveynos mimarTvis adresatTa da,

aseve, saqarTvelos umaRlesi xelisu-

flebis sxva warmomadgenelTa nebismieri

komentari Tavis saitze

www.saqinform.ge.

sainformacio-analitikuri saagento

„saqinformi“

saqinformi uflebamosilia ganacxados


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xdtyc lt kb rf neh vfckffsc ec oht,c

ot hb kt ,bc wbrkb cfv sfd hj ,j uf pt -

st, ib7 bwb fy7 wt rfc vlb df yb7 ,f nj yb

yj lfh zb sf yf df lf by nt ht ct ,e kf xt vb

ge, kb rf wb t ,bs lf lf vj rb lt ,e kt ,f

ib yf e hb vqdlkbc rdf kj ,f ptf5 jhb dt

vfy mf ybc erf yf cf kjy ib dc[tl dfhs.

jnj ,f b f ib itc dt yt ,bc cf f sb xfu dfc -

o ht,c7 vfu hfv db yf b lfy vf qf pb bc vit -

yt, kj ,bc s dbc ,t nj ybc [cyf hb vb e qb -

fs7 vt eh yt j ,bc fgf hf nbc sf yfv i hjv -

kt ,b7 rj j gt hf nb dbc ve if rt ,b se bkb -

rj wtr dfi db kbc vb th abp rek ne hbc

ufr dt sbkc vjo . dt nb kb vjc ofd kt t ,b7

th sfl ihj vj ,ty.

[fk [bc v[fh lf zt hf hjv ჰgj djc7 vt -eh yt j ,bc lb htm nj hb ue hbf ij ybf

bv sf dbs dt cja kbc rt sbk l qt j ,bc rty

lf e vbp yt,c lf tc uf cf ut ,b wff7 vfu hfv

wjl df ufv [t kb kb c]j ,bf lf cf f vb cjl

jnj ,f b bc vt ,jc n yt j ,bc vteh yt j ,fc

fhf yf b hb cf[ cf hb uf fx ybf.

df kt ,b sf lf uh’tk df lb f yb ctc [t -

,bs lfv ’b vt ,e kb vb cb ,b e ]t nb uf cf m-

fyc fh b’ kt df7 sev wf bcbw yf st kbf7

hjv ehbc rjl yt ,bc vb t hb lb lb cfm vt

xf yf cf[ ib dtf vrdlf hb7 lf jnj ,f b bc vt -

,jc nyt j ,bc vt eh yt j ,f ib .dt kfc s dbc

cf cb[f he kj ihj vbc hbn vb hjv uf vt -

at ,e kf7 eob yf ht cfl ue hbf ij yb fc

lfv cf [e ht ,ff7 vfljyf7 xdtyt,ehj.

yf ijd yb fmdc rfwc cfi db kbi db kj

lf nr,b k cb ,t htc lflfhf]t,bf sf yf -

cja kt kt ,bc vt[ cb t ht ,bc rf ,f ljy pt

cf wbc r hjd yjl7 fh esf rb kbf hec s-

dtkc cf [t kbc vj[ dt zf .j dtksf vj cf[ -

dt ztkc ij hbc lf ue hbf ij yb f of vb t -

hfl se vb f .e hf lt,c cek v yf sb ob yfg -

hbc cf ue kbc abw ht it uj yt ,fc7 xfd mj -

kjs ,b’fl cfrflhbcb rfwb?

upbc gb ht, pt mdbc lt rj hf nb e kb qj -

,t ,b fq vfh se kf7 fit yt ,e kf rf gb nf -

ke hb cf c bvby lt7 cfo .j ,b7 uf yf[ kt ,e -

kf vtw [j dt kt j ,bc ath vf7 lf cf chekc

ef[ kjd lt ,f vf qf pb bc vit yt, kj ,f7 vf -

kt vo.j, h ib xfl ut ,f vt eh yt j ,bc rfy -

nj hf7 f[fk vj cf[ kt j ,f ept b vbf ajc n-

fc7 fq vfh se kf jv ib lf qe ge kt ,bc

er d lfd cf.j ab j,t kbc rb7 vfu hfv tc .dt -

kf at hb pqdf ib odt sbf bv gth c gtm nb -

dfcsfy it lf ht ,bs7 hj vt kbw [dfk-ptu

jnj ,f b t kt ,bc sdfk oby uf bi kt ,f se-

hvt.

guri otobaia (gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

iehj,eve


msoflios didi fexburTelebi msoflios didi fexburTelebi

iumori

mas Semdeg, rac me-19 saukuneSi in-

gliselebma aRadgines sportis uZve-

lesi saxeoba, msoflios yvela

qveyanaSi ibadebodnen didi

fexburTelebi, romlebic qmnidnen

mTel epoqas da maTi miRwevebi

oqros asoebiT iwereboda planetis

sportul istoriaSi. isini gvxi-

blavdnen Taviani safexburTo saSem-

sruleblo ostatobiT. es xdeboda

maSin, roca fexburTi is-is iyo

idgamda fexs msoflioSi da jer

kidev arsad ar iyo aSenebuli, aramc

Tu giganturi, aramed aTasmayure-

bliani stadionebic ki. magram

swored maTma ostatobam daudo sa-

Tave sportis am ulamazes saxeobas,

romelsac dRes lamis mTeli

msoflio eTayvaneba. mas Semdeg uam-

ravi didi fexburTeli moevlina

samyaros, magram Cveni rubrika mainc

win ayenebs im didi sportsmenebis

xsovnas, romelTac msoflios

ganaxlebuli saxiT uZRvnes jer

kidev Cvens welTaRricxvamde didi

xniT adre CineTSi Sobili sanaxao-

brivi sporti _ fexburTi! male

dainteresebul pirTa viwro wreSi

aRiarebuli es sanaxaoba masiur Ro-

nisZiebad iqca, ramac warmoqmna

Sesabamisi sportuli bazebis

aSenebis aucilebloba. swored war-

sulis didi fexburTelebis damsax-

urebaa, rom gvaqvs SesaniSnavi

sportuli kompleqsebi “marakana”,

“acteka”, “nou kampi”, “santiago bern-

abeu”, “luJnikebi”, “olimpiaSta-

dioni”, “hempden parki” da sxva da

sxva. swored am sportul “mon-

strebs” avseben pirTamde dRevan-

deli fexburTis “grandebi”,

romlebic mondomebiTa da war-

matebiT agrZeleben TavianTi didi

winaprebis saqmeebs.

am rubrikiT Cven gagacnobT

msoflios fexburTis pionerebsac

da im did Tanamedrove

fexburTelebsac, romlebic qmnian

msoflio fexburTis istorias.

* * *

kaxelma xeli moitexa.

megobarma uTxra: _ ara

uSavs, qorwilamde mo-

girCebao da tkiviliT

Sewuxebulma kaxelma meo-

re dResve coli moiyvana.

* * *

mowmis Cveneba sasamarT-

loSi:

_ braldebulma far-

dulidan najaxi gamoitana

da dazaralebuls TavSi

Cascxo... arada, mag

viriSvils winadRes vTx-

ove, najaxi maTxove-meTqi

da Tavi moikla, ara maqv-

so.

* * *

_ alo, kowia xar?

_ diax, batono!

_ Seni coli gavitaceT,

jer kidev cocxalia.

_ gasagebia, ra aris

saWiro?

_ 3 aTasi dolari

saRamomde moitane, Torem,

xval diliT ukan dagi-

brunebT!

* * *

_ ras mirCev, _ ekiTxeba

Zmakaci Zmakacs, _ mdidari,

biniani, fuliani qvrivi Se-

virTo Tu Raribi, magram

axalgazrda da lamazi

gogo?

_ ra Tqma unda, qvrivs

lamazi da axalgazrda

qali sjobia!.. rao, ra Tqvi,

sad cxovrobs is qvrivi?

ISSNN 1987-8966 “ilori”

avtorebs ekisrebaT pasuxismgebloba

faqtebisa da monacemebis sizusteze

redaqciis misamarTia:

Tbilisi,

baqraZis quCa #6

me-4 sarTuli

sareg. #01018002930

WWW ilori.ge

e-mail: [email protected]

reklamis ganTavseba

34-32-95 893-51-01-71

899-34-37-27

mTavari redaqtori: roland jalaRania

mT.redaqtoris moadgile: daviT qobalia

teqnikuri redaqtori: mixeil CodriSvili

gazeTis menejeri: zurab qobalia

loTi qobalias simindis

yanaSi policielebi ewvivnenrogorc saqinformis regionuli kore-

spondenti samegreloSi zugdididan gvaty-

obinebs, zugdidis municipalitetis sakre-

bulos wevrs „erovnuli sabWodan“ loTi

qobalias sofel ergetaSi ijariT aqvs

aRebuli 12 ha miwis nakveTi, sadac hibriduli

simindi aqvs daTesili.

am dReebSi policielebi yanaSi ewvivnen

loTi qobalias da policiaSi daibares.

„me mivesalmebi qveynis siZlieres, magram,

gamagebineT, rame saSiSroeba xom ar aris

mosalodneli – ver gamigia, ratom damibares

policiaSi an ra undaT CemTan yanaSi poli-

cielebs... maT ainteresebT, rodis davTese

simindi, ramdens vToxni dReSi, ras vakeTeb

yanaSi da a.S. ratom interesdebian amiT

policielebi?. me maT ratom unda davekiTxo

– rodis gavToxno simindi da ra zomis

Toxi unda Sevitano yanaSi?!. ra saqme aqvs

CemTan policias?!. soflis meurneobis Tanam-

Sromlebi rom dainteresebuliyvnen, kidev

mesmis“... – ganacxada loTi qobaliam zug-

didis sakrebulos sxdomaze da pasuxis

gacema Tavis kolegebs sTxova, magram sakre-

bulos deputatebma ganucxades, rom es sak-

iTxi sakrebulos prerogativa ar aris.

vili hendersonidaibada 1944 wlis 24 ianvars, Sot-

landiaSi.

TamaSobda klubebSi “reinjersi”

(Sotlandia), “Sefild uensdei” (in-

glisi).

“namceca” vilis ise warmatebiT rom

gaegrZelebina safexburTi kariera, ro-

gorc daiwyo, igi marTlac saukeTeso

da Seudarebel fexburTelad darCeboda

Sotlandiis fexburTis istoriaSi. mas

yvela monacemi hqonda saimisod, rom

aramc Tu didi fexburTeli, aramed

srulfasovan adamianadac ki ver Camoy-

alibebuliyo. sakmarisia vTqvaT Tunda

is, rom mas saSineli brtyelterfianoba

awuxebda da, yvela ubedurebaTan erTad,

sakmaod axlomxedvelic gaxldaT. Tavad

mixvdebiT ramdeni Sroma, varjiSi da

piradi sportuli monacemebis daxvewa

dasWirdeboda vili hendersons, rom

misabaZ fexburTelad aeRiarebinaT

meoce saukunis 20-30-iani wlebis Sot-

landiaSi. amas emateboda mudmivi travme-

bi, radgan vili Tavdauzogavad Tama-

Sobda moedanze, magram es sporsmeni

feniqsis TvisebebiT iyo dajildoebuli

bunebisagan da morigi seriozuli

travmis Semdeg, roca gulSematkivrebi

fiqrobdnen, rom vili veRarasodes iTa-

maSebda did fexburTs, maT gasaxarad

es “jiuti” fexburTeli kvlav gamoCn-

deboda xolme moedanze da saswaulebs

axdenda. vili hendersoni SeumCnevlad

Semovida jer Sotlandiur, Semdeg ki

msoflio fexburTSi. igi sul 15 wlisa

iyo, roca pirvelad gamovida safexbur-

To moedanze, oci wlisas ki, glazgos

“reinjersisa” da Sotlandiis nakrebis

SemadgenlobaSi, ukve mopovebuli hqonda

mravali regalia da maRali sportuli

tituli. vili hendersonma sul 29 matCi

Caatara Sotlandiis erovnuli nakrebis

SemadgenlobaSi, magram Cinebuli TamaSiT

daamaxsovra Tavi msoflio fexburTis

gulSematkivrebs.

jefi herstidaibada 1941 wlis 8 dekembers, in-

glisSi.

TamaSobda safexburTo klubebSi

“vest hemi” da “stoki” (inglisi).

jefi hersti fexburTis misi Taname-

drove specialistebis mier aRiarebuli

iqna im did fexburTelad, romelsac

fantastiuri saqmeebis qmna ZaluZda.

igi gaxldaT imdenad zorba tanis da

erTis SexedviT zanti da mouxeSavi,

rom ucxo Tvali masSi sportis Zalos-

nobis saxis warmomadgenels ufro Seam-

Cnevda, vidre zeswraf da maRalteqnikur

fexburTels. vidre fexburTis special-

istebi misi fizikuri monacemebiT

msjelobdnen, jefi hersti araerTgzis

gamxdara maTi sastiki kritikis obieqti.

magram yvela prognozisa da uaRresad

“kompetenturi” daskvnebis miuxedavad

hersts gahqonda da gahqonda golebi

mowinaaRmdegis karSi, riTac male mouRo

bolo usafuZvlo miTqma-moTqmebs misi

arasakmarisi sportuli monacemebis

Taobaze. evropis ligis Tasebis gaTa-

maSebaSi jefi herstma 46 goli gaitana,

inglisis Tasis gaTamaSebaSi ki 29

goli, rac im droisaTvis samkaod maR-

ali maCvenebeli gaxldaT. magram, misi

yvelaze didi warmateba gaxldaT is

sami goli, romelic herstma 1966 wlis

msoflio Cempionatis finalur matCSi

gaitana germaniis federaciuli respub-

likis nakrebis karSi. swored jefi

herstis “heT Trikis” wyalobiT gaxda

inglisis nakrebi maSin msoflio Cempi-

oni. ramdenime wlis Semdeg jefi hersti

inglisis dedofalma raindis tituliT

daajildova da “seris” wodeba uboZa.

iseve, rogorc sxva mravali warmatebuli

fexburTeli, karieris damTavrebis

Semdeg herstma mwvrTnelobas mihyo

xeli da “Celsis” Caudga saTaveSi,

Semdeg ki sportul biznesSi

gadainacvla da sportsaqonlis

reklamirebaze muSaobda.

Jairzinio (Jair ventura

filio)daibada 1944 wlis 25 dekembers

braziliaSi.

TamaSobda klubebSi “botafogo”

(brazilia), “marseli” (safrangeTi),

“kruzeiro” (brazilia) da “portugeza”

(portugalia).

Jairzinio didi garinCas Rirseul

memkvidred iTvleboda rogorc

braziliis safexburTo nakrebSi, aseve

klub “botafogoSi”. igi jer kidev 15

wlisa iyo, roca quCis fexburTs Tavi

gaaneba, mSobliuri qalaqi kaSiasi das-

tova da profesiuli kontraqti gaafor-

ma msoflios erT-erT avtoritetul

gund “botafogosTan”. misma varskvlavma

inglisSi gaibrwyina 1966 wlis msoflio

Cempionatze, saboloo aRiareba ki movida

1970 wlis msoflio Cempionatze, roca

sastarto turnirze CexeTis sakmaod

Zlier safexburTo nakrebs gautana 2

upasuxo goli, finalSi ki italielebis

nakrebs gautana goli. es msoflio Cem-

pionati imiTac iyo RirSesaniSnavi

JairziniosaTvis, rom mas yvela matCSi

gahqonda TiTo an ori goli. igi ramde-

nadac didi fexburTeli iyo, imdenad

gamoirCeoda udisciplinobiTac, ris

gamoc Tavi gaaneba “marselSi” TamaSs

da samSobloSi dabrunda. braziliaSi

kidev erTxel gaibrwyina Jairzinios

varskvlavma _ 32 wlis asakSi man

“kruzeiros” SemadgenlobaSi liberta-

dosis Tasi moipova, riTac daainteresa

italieli fexburTis menejerebi. am-

jerad Jairzinio portugaliis “por-

tugezam” SeiZina sakmaod did Tanxad,

magram arCevanSi arc Semcdaran, radgan,

miuxedavad soliduri asakisa, Jairziniom

saocari energiisa da teqnikis wyalobiT

mravaljer gaaxara fexburTis gulSe-

matkivari lamazi da Sedegiani Tama-

SiT.

giorgi jalaRania

zugdidis devnilTa

poliklinikaSi afxazi

pacientebic

mkurnalobenrogorc saqinformis regionuli ko-

respondenti samegreloSi zugdididan

gvatyobinebs, zugdidSi ganTavsebuli

afxazeTidan devnilTa poliklinikis

xelmZRvanel Tamaz janaSias gancx-

adebiT, poliklinikaSi TiTqmis

yoveldRiurad modian afxazi

erovnebis moqalaqeebi samkurnalod.

„am dReebSi 5 afxazi avadmyofi

movida CvenTan. modian ara marto oCam-

Ciridan da tyvarCelidan, aramed gu-

dauTidanac, magram problema maTi

mkurnalobaa. jerjerobiT vaxerxebT

Zveli nacnobobiT maT momsaxurebas,

magram – sanamde?!.“ – ganacxada Tamaz

janaSiam. misi TqmiT, afxazebis mosax-

urebaSi problemebs qmnis daufinanse-

bloba, transportireba da qarTuli

pasportebis uqonloba. „ukve 120 afxazi

pacienti gvyavs gatarebuli, mad-

loblebi arian, magram, samwuxarod,

maTgan jer ar momismenia, eTqvaT –

afxazeTSi, soxumSi Sevxvedriliyavi-

To“, – aRniSna Tamaz janaSiam.

saqinformi

sagangaSo statistikasaqarTvelos farglebs gareT imyofeba

saqarTvelos ekonomikurad aqtiuri

mosaxleobisa da dasaqmebulebis TiTqmis

30-30% da daqiravebiT dasaqmebulTa naxevarze

meti. es cifrebi saxelmwifo statistikidan

aris aRebuli. realuri mdgomareoba

gacilebiT mZimea.

SromiTi migrantebi uzrunvelyofen gamo-

muSavebuli Tanxebis mniSvnelovani nawilis

repatriacias samSobloSi. sabanko arxebiT

yovelwliurad Semosuli Tanxebis moculoba

1 miliards aWarbebs, eqspertebs miaCniaT,

rom aRricxuli da aRuricxavi jamSi 3 mil-

iardze metia.

eqspertTa azriT, qveynis gareT iZulebiT

gasuli TiToeuli adamiani irCens sakuTar

Tavs da SimSiliT sikvdilisagan icavs or-

sam axlobels. es marTlac sagangaSoa.

aRniSnuli resursi Tanxobrivad saqarTve-

los SinameurneobaTa mTliani Semosavlebis

30 procentis tolia, xolo bolo wlebis

(2009-2010 ww.) saSualo maCvenebeli ki TiTqmis

1.5-jer aRemateba saqarTveloSi ganxor-

cielebuli pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis

moculobas.

saqarTveloSi yoveli 1000 mcxovrebidan

daqiravebiT dasaqmebulia 140, ruseTSi –

daaxloebiT 370, aSS-Si – 426.

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