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RANCANGAN DAN UJI COBA OTOMATISASI IRIGASI TETES

SKRIPSI

WELEM LABATAR

F44080072

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR

BOGOR

2012

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DESIGN AND TEST AUTOMATION OF TRICKLE IRRIGATION

Welem Labatar1, Budi Indra Setiawan

2, and Satyanto K. Saptomo

3

1,2,3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology,

Bogor Agricultural University, IPB Dramaga Campus, PO Box 220, Bogor, West Java.Phone +62 856 9488 8678, email: wem_sil@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Water has become a basic requirement for the farming in around the world. In this case, to

determine the crop production, irrigations systems has an important role. For this reasons, in the

research an automation of trickle irrigation was designed. Stages of research are land

preparation, connecting irrigation system that includes installation of main line, pipe manifold,

pipe line lateral, and emitters on the land. Whereas, the automation system used soil moisture

sensor, microcontroler ATMega 328, actuators, cables, and the other supporting elements such as

solar cell, doubler, rtc, and battery. Before running the automation of trickle irrigation systems onthe land, trials such as soil physical and hydraulics properties testing, sensor calibration, and

laboratory scale testing of this automation were conducted. The results of soil physical properties

analysis were modeled using Van Genuchten model and set point 0.287 < Soil Moisture 0.385

that aqual pF 4.2-2.54 was found.The experiment of automatic trickle irrigation on July 11th

andJuly 12

th2012, it was found that the amount of water used were 0.010 m

3/day and 0.0065 m

3/day.

As a whole, the automation of trickle irrigation systems has been succeed, although there were

some problems like the solenoid valve have opened for few minutes even though the irrigation was

off.

Keywords: trickle irrigation, soil moisture sensor, calibration, automation

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Judul Skripsi : Rancangan dan Uji Coba Otomatisasi Irigasi Tetes

Nama : Welem Labatar

NIM : F44080072

Menyetujui,

Mengetahui:

Tanggal lulus:

Pembimbing I

(Prof. Dr. Ir. Budi Indra Setiawan, M.Agr.)

NIP. 19600628 198503 1 002

Pembimbing II

(Dr. Satyanto K. Saptomo, STP, MSi)

NIP. 19730411 200501 1 002

Ketua Departemen,

(Prof. Dr. Ir. Asep Sapei, M.S)NIP. 19561025 198003 1 003

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DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................ .............................................. iii

DAFTAR ISI ............................................................ ......................................................... iv

DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................... .............................................. vi

DAFTAR TABEL......................................................................... .................................... vii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................ .................................... viii

I. PENDAHULUAN ................................................................ .................................... 1

1.1 LATAR BELAKANG ................................................................ ......................... 1

1.2 TUJUAN ..................................................... ......................................................... 1II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA........................................................................................... 2

2.1 SISTEM IRIGASI TETES.......................... ......................................................... 2

2.1.1 Komponen Irigasi Tetes ................................................................ .............. 3

2.2 SIFAT FISIK DAN HIDROLIKA TANAH ........................................................ 5

2.2.1 Tekstur Tanah .......................................................... ................................... 5

2.2.2 Kadar Air Tanah ................................................................. ......................... 5

2.2.3 Retensi Air Tanah .............................................................. ......................... 5

2.3 SISTEM KONTROL OTOMATIS ........................................................ .............. 6

2.3.1 Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno ........................................................ .............. 62.3.2 Sensor ............................................................ .............................................. 7

2.3.3 Kalibrasi ........................................................ .............................................. 8

2.3.4 Kontrol on-off .......................................................... ................................... 8

2.3.5 Aktuator ........................................................ .............................................. 8

III. METODOLOGI ......................................................... .............................................. 10

3.1 WAKTU DAN TEMPAT PENELITIAN ......................................................... ... 10

3.2 ALAT DAN BAHAN ................................................................. ......................... 10

3.3 METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................... ......................... 11

3.3.1 Persiapan ................................................................. .................................... 113.3.2 Perancangan ............................................................. ................................... 11

3.3.3 Pengujian ................................................................. .................................... 14

3.3.4 Implementasi di Lapangan ............................................................ .............. 16

3.3.5 Analisis Kerja Rancangan ............................................................. .............. 16

IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ....................................................... ......................... 18

4.1 UJI SIFAT FISIK DAN HIDROLIKA TANAH ................................................. 18

4.1.1 Uji Sifat Fisik Tanah .......................................................... ......................... 18

4.2.1 Kalibrasi Soil Moiusture Sensordan

Penentuan Set Point..................................................................................... 19

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4.2 OTOMATISASI IRIGASI TETES PADA LAHAN ........................................... 20

V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ....................................................... ......................... 23

5.1 KESIMPULAN................................................................ .................................... 23

5.2 SARAN ....................................................... ......................................................... 23

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................... .............................................. 24

LAMPIRAN ............................................................. ......................................................... 25