12. Narag v Narag

7/25/2019 12. Narag v Narag

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Narag vs. Narag, 291 SCRA 451

25 Jul

FACTS:

Atty. Dominador Narag was alleged to have abandoned his family for his paramourwho wasonce his student in tertiary level. The administrative complaint of disbarment was filed by her

wife, rs. Julieta Narag. !espondent filed motion to dismiss because allegedly the complainant

fabricated the story as well as the love letterswhile under e"treme emotional confusion arising

from #ealousy. The case too$ an une"pected turn when another complaint was filed, the wife asagain the complainant but now together with their seven children as co%signatories. After several

hearings, the facts became clear, that the respondent indeed abandoned his family as against

morals, based on testimonial evidences. &n addition, the assailed relationship bore two children.

ISSUE:

'hether or not respondent is guilty of gross immorality and for having violated and the (ode of

)thics for *awyers culpable for disbarment.

HELD:

+). !espondent disbarred.

RATIO:

The complainant was able to establish, by clear and convincing evidence, that the respondentbreached the high and e"acting moral standards set for the members of the law profession.

-ood moral character is not only a condition precedent to the practice of law, but a continuing

ualification for all members of the bar.

(AN/N 0 1 A lawyer shall at all times uphold the integrity and dignity of the legal profession,and support the activities of the &ntegrated ar.

!ule 0.34 1 A lawyer shall not engage in conduct that adversely reflects on his fitness to

practice law, nor should he, whether in public or private life, behave in a scandalous manner to

the discredit of the legal profession.

ndoubtedly, the canons of law practice were violated.


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EN BANC

[A.C. No. 3405. June 29, 1998]

JULIETA B. NARAG, complainant, vs.ATTY. D!INADR !. NARAG, respondent.

D E C I " I N

PER CURIAM#

Goo$ %o&'( )*'&')+e& - ' )on+nun /u'()'+on &e/u&e$ o ee& %e%e& o +*e '&.T*u-, *en ' ('e& '(- +o %ee+ +*e e')+n -+'n$'&$ o %o&'( n+e&+, +*e "u6&e%eCou&+ %' +*$&' *- o& *e& 6&(ee +o 6&')+)e ('.

n Noe%e& 13, 1989, !&-. Ju(e+' B. N'&' (e$ 'n '$%n-+&'+e )o%6('n+ [1]o&$-'&%en+ ''n-+ *e& *u-'n$, A++. Do%n'$o& !. N'&', *o% -*e '))u-e$ o

*'n o('+e$ C'non- 1 'n$ 7, Ru(e 1.01 o +*e Co$e o E+*)- o& L'e&-.

[2]

T*e )o%6('n'n+ n'&&'+e$#

T*e "+. Lou- Co((ee o Tuue'&'o en'e$ +*e -e&)e- o A++. Do%n'$o& !.N'&' n +*e e'&( -een+e- '- ' u((+%e )o((ee n-+&u)+o& n +*e Co((ee o A&+-'n$ ")en)e- 'n$ '- ' 6&oe--o& n +*e G&'$u'+e ")*oo(. In 1984, !-. Gn'E-6+', 1 e'&- o($ 'n$ ' &-+ e'& )o((ee -+u$en+, en&o((e$ n -u:e)+- *'n$(e$ A++. N'&'. Ee&+n *- n(uen)e '- *e& +e')*e&, 'n$ '- ' 6&o%nen+ %e%e&o +*e (e'( 6&oe--on 'n$ +*en %e%e& o +*e "'nun'n B''n oTuue'&'o, A++. N'&' )ou&+e$ !-. E-6+', &'$u'(( (e--enn *e& &e--+'n)e

un+( +*e -+u$en+ '))e$e$ +o *- -*e-.T*e +*en %'n+'ne$ 'n (()+ &e('+on-*6 ;non n '&ou- )&)(e- n +*e)o%%un+, u+ *)* +*e %'n'e$ +o ;ee6 &o% %e. I+ +*e&eo&e )'%e '- '+e&&(e e%'&[&]'--%en+ +o %e, +* un-6e';'(e &e 'n$ 6'n *en %*u-'n$ ''n$one$ u-, *- '%(, +o (e +* !-. E-6+', n u++e&( -)'n$'(ou-)&)u%-+'n)e-.

I+ '66e'&- +*'+ A++. N'&' u-e$ *- 6oe& 'n$ n(uen)e '- ' %e%e& o +*e"'nun'n


3/18

n June 27, 1990, +*e o)e o +*en C*e Ju-+)e !'&)e(o B. ?e&n'n &e)ee$ &o%)o%6('n'n+ 'no+*e& (e++e& -ee;n +*e $-%--'( o +*e '$%n-+&'+e )o%6('n+. "*e'((ee$ +*e&en +*'+ =1> -*e '&)'+e$ +*e '((e'+on- n *e& )o%6('n+ +o *u%('+e 'n$-6+e *e& *u-'n$@ =2> '(( +*e (oe (e++e&- e+een +*e &e-6on$en+ 'n$ Gn' E-6+' e&eo&e&e-@ 'n$ =3> -*e '- -ue&n &o% e%o+on'( )onu-on '&-n &o% e+&e%e

:e'(ou-. T*e +&u+*, -*e -+'+e$, '- +*'+ *e& *u-'n$ *'$ &e%'ne$ ' '+*u( 'n$&e-6on-(e '%( %'n. "*e u&+*e& '--e&+e$ +*'+ *e *'$ ne+*e& en+e&e$ n+o 'n'%o&ou- &e('+on-*6 +* one Gn' E-6+' no& ''n$one$ *- '%(.[5]"u66o&+n *e&(e++e& e&e 'n A$'+ o De--+'n)e[7]'n$ ' !o+on +o D-%--,[]'++')*e$ '-

Annee- A 'n$ B, *)* -*e (e$ eo&e +*e IB< )o%%--on on '& $-)6(ne.[8]In 'De)-on $'+e$ )+oe& 8, 1991, +*e IB< Bo'&$ o Goe&no&- [9]$-%--e$ +*e)o%6('n+ o !&-. N'&' o& '(u&e +o 6&o-e)u+e.[10]

T*e )'-e +oo; 'n une6e)+e$ +u&n *en, on Noe%e& 25, 1991, +*- Cou&+ [11]&e)ee$ 'no+*e& (e++e&[12]&o% +*e )o%6('n'n+, +* *e& -een )*($&en[13]'- )o-n'+o&e-, ''n '66e'(n o& +*e $-'&%en+ o *e& *u-'n$. "*e e6('ne$ +*'+ -*e

*'$ e'&(e& $&o66e$ +*e )'-e ''n-+ *% e)'u-e o *- )on+nuou- +*&e'+- ''n-+*e&.[14]

In *- Co%%en+ on +*e )o%6('n'n+- (e++e& o Noe%e& 11, 1991, (e$ n )o%6('n)e+* +*- Cou&+- Re-o(u+on --ue$ on Ju( 7, 1992, [15]&e-6on$en+ 6&'e$ +*'+ +*e$e)-on o +*e Bo'&$ o Goe&no&- e '&%e$. Denn +*'+ *e *'$ +*&e'+ene$,*'&'--e$ o& n+%$'+e$ *- e, *e '((ee$ +*'+ -*e *'$ o(un+'&( ee)u+e$ *e&

A$'+ o De--+'n)e[17]'n$ !o+on +o D-%--,[1]een '66e'&n eo&e +*ene-+'+n o)e&, Co%%--one& R')e(', +o +e-+ un$e& o'+* +*'+ -*e 6&e6'&e$ +*e!o+on +o D-%-- 'n$ A$'+ o De--+'n)e on *e& on &ee (( 'n$ '&%e$ +*e)on+en+- +*e&eo.

In '$$+on, *e 6&oe--e$ *- (oe o& *- e 'n$ *- )*($&en 'n$ $ene$ ''n$onn*- '%( +o (e +* *- 6'&'%ou&. oee&, *e $e-)&e$ *- e '- ' 6e&-one%o+on'(( $-+u&e$, viz.:

*'+ - 6+'(e *e&e - +*e ')+ +*'+ Co%6('n'n+ - 'n n)u&'( :e'(ou- 'n$6o--e--e o%'n, 'n$ ee& +%e +*e -+&e'; o :e'(ou- &e'&- +- *e'$, -*e&e- o (e++e&- o& )o%6('n+- ''n-+ *e& *u-'n$ n ee& )on)e'(e o&u%, '((+*ou+ '--, 'n$ 6u&e( on %6u(-e, :u-+ +o -'+- +*e )on-u%n $e%'n$- o*e& (on :e'(ou-. T*en, '- - *e& n'+u&e, ' e *ou&- '+e&'&$-, *en *e&

:e'(ou- )oo(- o, -*e &e6en+- 'n$ ee(- -o&& o& *e& ')+- ''n-+ +*eRe-6on$en+. T*u-, *en -*e &o+e +*e Le++e& o Noe%e& 11, 1991, -*e '-+*en n +*e &6- o one o *e& ou+- o :e'(ou-.[18]

n Auu-+ 24, 1992, +*- Cou&+ --ue$ 'no+*e& Re-o(u+on &ee&&n +*e Co%%en+ o&e-6on$en+ +o +*e IB


4/18

2.You& Re-6on$en+ )o%e- &o% e& 6oo& 6'&en+- *o *'e (e+ *% no+ een '-/u'&e %e+e& o ('n$, u+ 'e *% +*e e-+ (e') n (e# ' 6u&6o-eu( 'n$%e'nnu( e$u)'+on. Co%6('n'n+ )o%e- &o% *'+ -*e )('%- +o e e& &)*6'&en+- *o '(ue %'+e&'( 6o--e--on %o&e +*'n e$u)'+on 'n$ +*e **e& 'n$no(e& '-6&'+on- n (e. Co%6('n'n+ '*o&- +*e 6oo&.

3. You& Re-6on$en+ *'- ' (on u6&nn, nu&+u&e$ n +*e en+(e '- o (oe,o&ene--, *u%(+, 'n$ )on)e&n o& +*e 6oo&. Co%6('n'n+ '- &e'&e$ 'n$&'-e$ n 'n en+&e( $e&en+ en&on%en+. e& '(ue --+e% - +*e e&o66o-+e.

4. You& Re-6on$en+ (oe- *- '%( e& $e'&(, 'n$ *'- $one '(( *e )ou($ n+*&+e*+ =38> e'&- o %'&&'e +o 6&o+e)+ 'n$ 6&e-e&e *- '%(. e 'e *-'%( -u-+en'n)e, ' )o%o&+'(e *o%e, (oe, e$u)'+on, )o%6'non-*6, 'n$%o-+ o '((, ' oo$ 'n$ &e-6e)+e$ n'%e. e '- '('- en+(e 'n$)o%6'--on'+e +o *- e 'n$ )*($&en. Een n +*e %o-+ +&n +%e-, *e&e%'ne$ )'(% 'n$ nee& n()+e$ o(en)e on +*e%. - )*($&en '&e '(( no u((

(e$e$ 6&oe--on'(-, %'+u&e, 'n$ 'nu(( e%6(oe$.

You& Re-6on$en+ -u-)&e- +o +*e -'n)++ o %'&&'e '- ' -o)'( n-++u+on.

n +*e o+*e& *'n$, )on-u%e$ n-'ne 'n$ une'&'(e :e'(ou-, Co%6('n'n+*'- een --+e%'+)'(( 'n$ un)e'-n( $e-+&on +*e e& oun$'+on- o +*e&%'&&'e 'n$ +*e& '%(. T*e& %'&&'e *'- e)o%e ' +o&+u&e )*'%e& n*)* You& Re-6on$en+ *'- een n)e--'n+( BEATEN, BATTERED,BRUTALIED, TRTURED, ABU"ED, 'n$ U!ILIATED, 6*-)'((, %en+'((,'n$ e%o+on'((, +*e Co%6('n'n+, n 6u() 'n$ '+ *o%e. T*e& %'&&'e *'-

e)o%e ' n*+%'&e.

?o& +*&+e*+ e'&-, ou& Re-6on$en+ -ue&e$ n -(en)e 'n$ o&e +*e 6'n o*- %-o&+une +* $n+ 'n$ +* '(%o-+ nn+e 6'+en)e, on( +o 6&e-e&e+*e& '%( 'n$ +*e& %'&&'e. Bu+ +*- - no+ +o e. T*e Co%6('n'n+ nee&%e((oe$ 'n$ nee& e)'%e en+([e], (on, 'n$ un$e&-+'n$n. In ')+, -*ee)'%e %o&e e&)e 'n$ 6&e$'+o&.

en)e, '+ +*- 6on+ n +%e, +*e (*+ '+ +*e +unne( o& You& Re-6on$en+ $oe- no+-ee% n -*+. T*e $'&;ne-- )on+nue- +o -*&ou$ +*e %'&+'( 'n$ '%('(('n$-)'6e.

You& Re-6on$en+ *'- +o un$e&o ' )'+*'&--, ' (e&'+on &o% en-('e%en+.


5/18

5. Co%6('n'n+ - ' o(en+ *u-'n$e'+e&, +&o() 'n$ unen$n. Bu+ ou&Re-6on$en+ nee& &ee'(e$ +*e-e $e-+&u)+e /u'(+e- +o o+*e& 6eo6(e. e6&e-e&e$ +*e oo$ n'%e 'n$ $n+ o *- e. T*- - n )o%6('n)e +* +*e%'&+'( o +o (oe, *ono& o& oe ou& -6ou-e, o& e++e& o& o& o&-e, n-);ne-- 'n$ n *e'(+*. . . Een n +*- )'-e, You& Re-6on$en+ nee& &ee'(e$

'n+*n $e&o'+o& +o *- e. I+ - on( no +*'+ *e - )on-+&'ne$ +o &ee'( '((+*e-e +*n- +o $een$ *%-e(.

n +*e o+*e& *'n$, o& no &e'-on '+ '((, e)e6+ ' :e'(ou- &'e, Co%6('n'n+ +e((-ee&one, ee&*e&e, +*'+ *e& *u-'n$ - o&+*(e--, oo$o&no+*n, e( 'n$%%o&'(. "*e oe- +o )o((ee- 'n$ une&-+e-, 6&oe--on'( o&'n'+on-,&e(ou- -o)e+e-, 'n$ '(( o+*e& -e)+o&- o +*e )o%%un+ +o +e(( +*e% *o e(,'$ 'n$ %%o&'( *e& *u-'n$ -. "*e +e((- +*e% no+ +o *&e *% '- 6&oe--o&, '-Coun-e(, o& 'n o+*e& )'6')+ e)'u-e *e& *u-'n$ - e(, '$, 'n$ %%o&'(.I- +*- (oe "n)e *en $$ (oe e)o%e 'n n-+&u%en+ +o $e-+&o ' %'n-$e'&e-+ 6o--e--on n (e *- oo$ n'%e, &e6u+'+on 'n$ $n+

Be)'u-e o Co%6('n'n+- &u(en+ $-no&%'+on )'%6'n ''n-+ *e& *u-'n$,e%6(on ee& une+*)'( 'n$ %%o&'( %e'n- +o '++'n *- en$-, You&Re-6on$en+ *'- een &&e6'&'( 'n$ &&ee&-( $-&')e$, -*'%e$, 'n$*u%('+e$. You& Re-6on$en+ - no+ ' -)'n$'(ou- %'n. I+ - *e *o *'- een%e&)(e--( -)'n$'(e$ 'n$ )&u)e$ +*e Co%6('n'n+.[21]

To 6&oe +*e '((ee$ 6&o6en-+ o *- e +o (e '(-e )*'&e-, &e-6on$en+ 6&e-en+e$'- e$en)e +*e o((on (-+ o +*e )o%6('n+- -*e *'$ (e$ ''n-+ *% 'n$ Gn'E-6+'#

3.1Co%6('n+ o& I%%o&'(+FNe(e)+ o Du+

3.2 Co%6('n+ o& I%%o&'(+FNe(e)+ o Du+, DILG, A$%. C'-e No. . DI"!I""ED IB< Bo'&$ o Goe&no&- = >. Ren-++u+e$ = >.

3.8 Co%6('n+ o& D-'&%en+, ''n = >. A$%. C'-e No. 3405.. T*&$ !CTC, Tu%'un,I-'e('.


6/18

In *- $e-6e&'+e eo&+ +o e)u(6'+e *%-e(, *e 'e&&e$#

I.T*'+ '(( +*e '((ee$ (oe (e++e&- 'n$ ene(o6e- = >, 6)+u&e = > '&en'$%--(e n e$en)e '- enun)'+e$ +*e "u6&e%e Cou&+ n Ce)('u(ue+' -. Cou&+ o A66e'(-, e+. '(., G.R. No. 10383, ?e&u'& 20, 1997. =

>.

II. T*'+ &e-6on$en+ - +o+'(( nno)en+ o +*e )*'&e-# e nee& )ou&+e$Gn' E-6+' n +*e "'n+ Lou- Co((ee o Tuue'&'o. e nee& )'u-e$ +*ee%6(o%en+ o -'$ o%'n n +*e DTI. e nee& *'$ o& - *'n 'n (()+&e('+on-*6 +* *e& 'n*e&e, '+ 'n +%e. e nee& (e$ +* *e& '-*u-'n$ 'n$ e 'n*e&e '+ 'n +%e, e + n Cen+&o Tu%'un o& 'n o+- '&'n'-, o& n 'n o+*e& 6(')e. e nee& eo+ ' )*($ o& )*($&en +**e&. ?n'((, &e-6on$en+ -u%+- +*'+ '(( +*e o+*e& '((e'+on- o !&-. N'&'

'&e '(-e 'n$ '&)'+e$,

III. Re-6on$en+ nee& ''n$one$ *- '%([.] !&-. N'&' 'n$ *e& +o-on- o&)( $&oe &e-6on$en+ N'&' ou+ o +*e )on:u'( *o%e. A+e& +*'+,

A++. N'&' +&e$ +o &e+u&n +o +*e )on:u'( *o%e %'n +%e- +* +*e *e(6 o%u+u'( &en$- +o -'e +*e %'&&'e 'n$ +*e '%( &o% )o(('6-e. e +&e$-ee&'( +%e- +o &e)on)(e +* !&-. N'&'. In ')+, n one o +*e *e'&n- o+*e $-'&%en+ )'-e, *e oe&e$ +o &e+u&n *o%e 'n$ +o &e)on)(e +* !&-.N'&'. Bu+ !&-. N'&' &eu-e$ '(( +*e-e eo&+- o &e-6on$en+ N'&'.

I. Co%6('n'n+ Ju(e+' B. N'&' - 'n une'&'( :e'(ou-, o(en+,n$)+e, -)'n$'(ou-, &u(en+ 'n$ %e&)(e-- e -n)e +*e ennn o +*e%'&&'e, *o n)e--'n+( e'+, '++e&e$, &u+'(e$, +o&+u&e$, 'u-e[$],-)'n$'(e$, 'n$ *u%('+e$ &e-6on$en+ A++. N'&', 6*-)'((, %en+'((,e%o+on'((, 'n$ 6-)*o(o)'((, .

. Co%6('n'n+ Ju(e+' N'&'- )('% n *e& )oun+e&%'ne-+'+on $'+e$!'&)* 28, 1997, +o +*e ee)+ +*'+ +*e '$'+ o Do%n'$o& B. N'&', J&.,$'+e$ ?e&u'& 2, 1997 '- o+'ne$ +*&ou* o&)e 'n$ n+%$'+on, - no++&ue. Do%n'$o&, J&., ee)u+e$ *- '$'+ &ee(, o(un+'&(, 'n$ '-o(u+e(+*ou+ o&)e o& n+%$'+on, '- -*on +*e +&'n-)&6+ o -+eno&'6*)

no+e- o +*e +e-+%one- o Re-6on$en+ A++. N'&' 'n$ Tuue'&'o !TCJu$e Do%n'$o& G'&)' $u&n +*e +&'( o C&%n'( C'-e No. 12439,


7/18

I. Re-6on$en+ A++. N'&' - no 'n o($ %'n ' -eno& )+en o 73e'&- -);(, ''n$one$, $-&')e$, e';ene$ 'n$ $e(+'+e$ 6&o&e--e( $eene&'+e ou+ 'n$ '&+*&+-, 'n$ *'&$( '(e +o e'&n *-on ;ee6. - e& 6*-)'(, %e$)'(, 6-)*o(o)'(, 'n$ e)ono%))on$+on- &en$e& *% un+ 'n$ un'(e +o $o +*e +*n- '++&u+e$ +o *%

+*e )o%6('n'n+. --ue- '&e &e(e'n+ o& +*e $-6o-+on o +*e)'-e, n'%e(#

'>*e+*e& +*e&e '- n$ee$ ' )o%%--on o '((ee$ ''n$on%en+o &e-6on$en+- on '%( 'n$ [*e+*e& *e '-] (n +* *-6'&'%ou&, Gn' E-6+'@

> *e+*e& +*e $en'( un$e& o'+* +*'+ *- ((e+%'+e )*($&en+* Gn' E-6+' =Au&e((e Do%n) 'n$ H(e Do%n'$o&> '-'66e'&n on 6'&'&'6* 1=> o &e-6on$en+- Co%%en+ -'- *-*'n$&++en (oe (e++e&-, +*e $ue ee)u+on 'n$ )on+en+- o *)*,'(+*ou* *e o:e)+e$ +o +*e& '$%--(+ o& en '((ee$(o&e&e-, e&e nee& $ene$ *% on +*e +ne-- -+'n$ %u)*(e-- 6&e-en+e$ 'n$ oe&e$ 6&oo +o -u66o&+ o+*e&-e.

E)e6+ o& +*e +e-+%one- o &e-6on$en+- +ne--e- *o-e +e-+%one- +en$ +o$e6)+ +*e )o%6('nn e, !&-. N'&', '- 'n n)u&'( :e'(ou- e 'n$6o--e--e o%'n -ue&n ee&+%e +* -+&e';- o :e'(ou-, &e-6on$en+ $$no+ 6&e-en+ *%-e( on +*e +ne-- -+'n$ +o +e-+ 'n$ e )&o--e'%ne$ on *--o&n )o%%en+@ %u)* (e-- $$ *e 6&e-en+ *- '((ee$ 6'&'%ou&, Gn' E-6+', +o$-6&oe +*e '$u(+e&ou- &e('+on-*6 e+een *% 'n$ +*e& *'n eo++en +*e&((e+%'+e )*($&en, n'%e(# Au&e((e Do%n) N. E-6+' 'n$ H(e Do%n'$o& N.E-6+'. o&-e, &e-6on$en+- $en'( +*'+ *e - +*e '+*e& o +*e +o - ' &oun$ o&$-)6(n'& -'n)+on =!o&)'$' . N', 125 "CRA 47>.

ee$ &o% '(( +*e e$en)e 6&e-en+e$, e n$ +*e &e-6on$en+ -u:e)+ +o

$-)6(n'& ')+on '- ' %e%e& o +*e (e'( 6&oe--on.

[25]

In +- Re-o(u+on[27]--ue$ on Auu-+ 23, 199, +*e IB< '$o6+e$ 'n$ '66&oe$ +*ene-+'+n )o%%--one&- &e)o%%en$'+on o& +*e n$en+e -u-6en-on o +*e&e-6on$en+.[2]"u-e/uen+(, +*e )o%6('n'n+ -ou*+ +*e $-'&%en+ o *e&*u-'n$ n ' !'ne-+'+onFCo%%en+ -*e (e$ on )+oe& 20, 199. T*e IB< &'n+e$+*- -+e& 6en'(+ 'n$, n +- Re-o(u+on $'+e$ Noe%e& 30, 199, $ene$ &e-6on$en+-!o+on o& Re)on-$e&'+on.


8/18

A+e& ' )'&eu( -)&u+n o +*e &e)o&$- o +*e 6&o)ee$n- 'n$ +*e e$en)e 6&e-en+e$ +*e 6'&+e-, e n$ +*'+ +*e )on$u)+ o &e-6on$en+ '&&'n+- +*e %6o-+on o +*e6en'(+ o $-'&%en+.

T*e Co$e o


9/18

C*'&(e E-6+', &o+*e& o +*e '((ee$ 6'&'%ou& Gn' E-6+', )o&&oo&'+e$ )o%6('n'n+-)*'&e ''n-+ &e-6on$en+ n +*e-e )'+eo&)'( -+'+e%en+- *e 'e +o +*e ne-+'+no)e

!&. +ne--, $o ou ;no A++. N'&'

A Ye-, You& ono&, *e - +*e (en 6'&+ne& o % --+e&, Gn' E-6+'.

I A++. N'&' - *e&e, )'n ou 6on+ [+o] *%

A Ye-, -&.

=+ne-- 6on+e$ +o +*e &e-6on$en+, A++. Do%n'$o& N'&'>

* $o ou ;no A++. N'&'

ATTY. NARAG#

A(&e'$ 'n-e&e$. e -'$ I '% +*e (en 6'&+ne&.

CNTINUATIN ? TE DIRECT

A Be)'u-e *e - +*e (en 6'&+ne& o % --+e& 'n$ +*'+ +*e '&e no (n+oe+*e& '- *u-'n$ 'n$ e 'n$ +*'+ +*e '(&e'$ *'e +o )*($&en, Au&e((e Do%n)'n$ H(e Do%n'$o&.

([43]

Du&n )&o--e'%n'+on )on$u)+e$ +*e &e-6on$en+ *%-e(, C*'&(e E-6+' &e6e'+e$*- '))oun+ +*'+ *- --+e& Gn' '- (n +* +*e &e-6on$en+, +* *o% -*e *'$ +o)*($&en#

!&. E-6+', ou )('% +*'+ A++. N'&' - no (n +* ou& --+e& '- *u-'n$ 'n$e. You )('% +*'+

A Ye-, -&.

* $o ou -' +*'+

A Be)'u-e '+ 6&e-en+ ou '&e (n +oe+*e& '- *u-'n$ 'n$ e 'n$ ou *'e'(&e'$ +o )*($&en 'n$ I ;no +*'+ +*'+ - &e'(( 'n %%o&'( ')+ *)* ou )'nno+ :u-+'((o %e +o o((o -n)e % %o&'( '(ue- $on+ '((o %e +*'+ % --+e& - (n +* '%'&&e$ %'n (;e ou.

o $o ou ;no +*'+ A++. N'&' - (n +* ou& --+e& D$ ou -ee +*e% n+*e *ou-e


10/18

A Ye-, -[&].

You -'$ '(-o +*'+ A++. N'&' 'n$ ou& --+e& *'e +o )*($&en, Au&e((e Do%n)

'n$ H(e Do%n'$o&, - + no+

A Ye-, -&.

o $o ou ;no +*'+ +*e '&e +*e )*($&en o A++. N'&'

A Be)'u-e ou '&e -+'n +oe+*e& n +*'+ *ou-e 'n$ ou *'e (e+ ou& '%(.(

[44]

In '$$+on, C*'&(e E-6+' '$%++e$ =1> +*'+ + '- *e *o *'n$e$ +o !&-. N'&' +*e(oe (e++e&- &e-6on$en+ *'$ -en+ +o *- --+e&, 'n$ =2> +*'+ A++. N'&' +&e$ +o $--u'$e*% &o% '66e'&n '+ +*e $-'&%en+ 6&o)ee$n-.([45]

+ne-- Benen$o Eueno -+&en+*ene$ +*e +e-+%on o C*'&(e E-6+' n +*- -e#

!&. +ne--, $o ou ;no +*e &e-6on$en+ n +*- )'-e

A I ;no *% e& e((, -&.

Cou($ ou 6(e'-e +e(( u- * $o ou ;no *%

A Be)'u-e *e '- '('- on +o +*e *ou-e o % -onn(' +*e n'%e oC*'&(e E-6+'.

!&. Eueno, $o ou ;no +*e &e-$en)e o A++. Do%n'$o& !. N'&'

A A+ +*'+ +%e, *e ['-] &e-$n n +*e *ou-e o Ren'($o Anuon, -&.

An$ +*- - (o)'+e$ *e&e

A Cen+&o T'%'un, I-'e(', -&.

An$ ou -6e))'((, )'+eo&)'(( -+'+e un$e& o'+* +*'+ +*- - +*e &e-$en)e oA++. N'&'

A Ye-, -&.


11/18

An$ un$e& o'+* +*- - *e&e A++. N'&' 'n$ Gn' E-6+' '&e '((ee$( (n '-*u-'n$ 'n$ e, - + no+

A Ye-, -&.([47]

+ne-- Nee- Ree-, ' ne*o& 'n$ &en$ o +*e e-+&'ne$ )ou6(e, +e-+e$ +*'+ -*e(e'&ne$ &o% +*e N'&' )*($&en R'n$, Bon 'n$ Roen' +*'+ +*e& '+*e& (e+ *-'%(, +*'+ -*e 'n$ *e& *u-'n$ 6&o$$e$ +*e )o%6('n'n+ +o '))e6+ +*e &e-6on$en+');, +*'+ +*e N'&' )ou6(e ''n -e6'&'+e$ *en +*e &e-6on$en+ en+ '); +o *-o%'n, 'n$ +*'+ A++. N'&' *'$ %'(+&e'+e$ *- e.([4]

n +*e -+&en+* o +*e +e-+%on o *e& +ne--e-, +*e )o%6('n'n+ '- '(e +o e-+'(-*+*'+ &e-6on$en+ ''n$one$ *- '%( 'n$ (e$ +* 'no+*e& o%'n. A-en+ 'ne$en)e -*on +*'+ +*e-e +ne--e- *'$ 'n (( %o+e +o +e-+ '(-e( ''n-+ +*e&e-6on$en+, +*e& +e-+%one- '&e $ee%e$ o&+* o e(e.

?u&+*e&, +*e )o%6('n'n+ 6&e-en+e$ '- e$en)e +*e (oe (e++e&- +*'+ &e-6on$en+ *'$-en+ +o Gn'. In +*e-e (e++e&-, &e-6on$en+ )(e'&( %'ne-+e$ *- (oe o& Gn' 'n$ *e&+o )*($&en, *o% *e ');no(e$e$ '- *- on. In '$$+on, )o%6('n'n+ '(-o-u%++e$ '- e$en)e +*e )'&$- +*'+ -*e *e&-e( *'$ &e)ee$ &o% *%. Gu$e$ +*e&u(e +*'+ *'n$&+n %' e 6&oe$ +*&ou* ' )o%6'&-on o one -e+ o &+n- +*+*o-e '$%++e$ o& +&e'+e$ +*e &e-6on$en+ '- enune, e '&% +*'+ +*e +o -e+- oe$en)e e&e &++en one 'n$ +*e -'%e 6e&-on.([48]Be-$e-, &e-6on$en+ $$ no+6&e-en+ 'n e$en)e +o 6&oe +*'+ +*e (oe (e++e&- e&e no+ &e'(( &++en *%@ *e%e&e( $ene$ +*'+ *e &o+e +*e%.

*(e +*e u&$en o 6&oo - u6on +*e )o%6('n'n+, &e-6on$en+ *'- +*e $u+ no+ on( +o

*%-e( u+ '(-o +o +*e )ou&+ +o -*o +*'+ *e - %o&'(( + +o &e%'n ' %e%e& o +*e '&.!e&e $en'( $oe- no+ -u)e. T*u-, *en *- %o&'( )*'&')+e& - '--'(e$, -u)* +*'+ *-&*+ +o )on+nue 6&')+)n *- )*e&-*e$ 6&oe--on - %6e&(e$, *e %u-+ %ee+ +*e)*'&e- -/u'&e( 'n$ 6&e-en+ e$en)e, +o +*e -'+-')+on o +*e ne-+'+n o$ 'n$+*- Cou&+, +*'+ *e - %o&'(( + +o *'e *- n'%e n +*e Ro(( o A++o&ne-. ([49]T*- *e'(e$ +o $o.

Re-6on$en+ '$'%'n+( $ene- ''n$onn *- '%( +o (e +* Gn' E-6+'. A+ +*e-'%e +%e, *e $e6)+- *- e '- ' o(en+ *u-'n$e'+e&, +&o() 'n$ unen$n, 'n$'- 'n n-'ne( 'n$ 6'+*o(o)'(( :e'(ou- o%'n, *o-e on( o-e--on '- +o $e-+&o,$e-+&o 'n$ $e-+&o *% '- -*on *e& (n o ' -e&e- o '((ee$( unoun$e$

)*'&e- ''n-+ *% ='n$ Gn' E-6+'>. To 6&oe *- '((e'+on, *e 6&e-en+e$ nne+e*+ =98> 6e)e- o $o)u%en+'& e$en)e([50]'n$ +en =10> +ne--e-.([51]

e no+e, *oee&, +*'+ +*e +e-+%one- o +*e +ne--e- o &e-6on$en+ $$ no+ e-+'(-*+*e ')+ +*'+ *e %'n+'ne$ +*'+ %o&'( n+e&+ &e/u&e$ +*e 6&oe--on +*'+ ou($&en$e& *% + +o )on+nue 6&')+)n ('. Ne+*e& $$ +*e& +e-+%one- $e-+&o +*e ')+, '-6&oen +*e )o%6('n'n+, +*'+ *e *'$ ''n$one$ *- '%( 'n$ (e$ +* Gn'E-6+', +* *o% *e *'$ +o )*($&en. "o%e o +*e% +e-+e$ on %'++e&- *)* +*e


12/18

*'$ no ')+u'( ;no(e$e o, u+ %e&e( &e(e$ on no&%'+on &o% e+*e& &e-6on$en+*%-e( o& o+*e& 6eo6(e, *(e o+*e&- e&e 6&e-en+e$ +o %6e')* +*e oo$ )*'&')+e& o*- e.

Re-6on$en+ %' *'e 6&o$e$ e(( o& *- '%( +*e en:oe$ ' )o%o&+'(e (e 'n$

*- )*($&en n-*e$ +*e& e$u)'+on. e %' *'e '(-o e-+'(-*e$ *%-e( '- '-u))e--u( ('e& 'n$ ' -e'-one$ 6o(+)'n. Bu+ +*e-e '))o%6(-*%en+- '&e no+-u)en+ +o -*o *- %o&'( +ne-- +o )on+nue en ' %e%e& o +*e no(e 6&oe--ono ('.

e &e%n$ &e-6on$en+ +*'+ 6'&en+- *'e no+ on( &*+- u+ '(-o $u+e- e.g., +o -u66o&+,e$u)'+e 'n$ n-+&u)+ +*e& )*($&en '))o&$n +o &*+ 6&e)e6+- 'n$ oo$ e'%6(e@ 'n$ +oe +*e% (oe, )o%6'non-*6 'n$ un$e&-+'n$n, '- e(( '- %o&'( 'n$ -6&+u'(u$'n)e.([52]A- ' *u-'n$, *e - '(-o o(e$ +o (e +* *- e@ +o o-e&e %u+u'((oe, &e-6e)+ 'n$ $e(+@ 'n$ +o &en$e& *e(6 'n$ -u66o&+. ([53]

Re-6on$en+ *%-e( '$%++e$ +*'+ *- o&; &e/u&e$ *% +o e o+en '' &o% *o%e.Bu+ +*e e$en)e -*o- +*'+ *e '- '' no+ on( e)'u-e o *- o&;@ n-+e'$, *e''n$one$ *- '%( +o (e +* *- 6'&'%ou&, *o o&e *% +o )*($&en. I+ ou($'66e'&, +*en, +*'+ *e '- *'&$( n ' 6o-+on +o e ' oo$ *u-'n$ o& ' oo$ '+*e&.- )*($&en, *o &e u6 %o-+( un$e& +*e )'&e o +*e& %o+*e&, %u-+ *'e -)'&)e( e(++*e '&%+* o +*e& '+*e&- (oe.

Re-6on$en+- -on, Je&- B. N'&', -*oe$ *- &e-en+%en+ +o'&$- *- '+*e&- %o&'(&'(+e- n *- +e-+%on#

! /ue-+on - +*-, - +*e&e 'n -n -o &eou- +*'+ + )'nno+ e o&en, - +*e&e '

'u(+ +*'+ - -o -e&ou- +*'+ + - n)'6'(e o o&ene--

A T*'+ $e6en$- u6on +*e -n o& 'u(+, -&, u+ +*e -n o& 'u(+ - +* +*e e%o+on'(6'&+ o %-e(, I -u66o-e I )'nno+ o&e ' 6e&-on '(+*ou* I '% ' Go$e'&n 6e&-on,u+ I *[']e +o e +*e 6e&-on ' (e--on n o&$e& o& *% o& *e& +o '+ (e'-+ &e'(e *-%-+';e-, -&.

C!R. J"E#

I +*n; + -oun$- (;e +*-. A--u%n o& +*e -';e o '&u%en+ +*'+ ou& '+*e& - +*eo&-+, *'&$ene$ )&%n'( on e'&+*, ou($ ou -en$ *% +o :'( 'n$ *'e *% $-'&&e$T*'+ - +*e /ue-+on.

CNTINUATIN.


13/18

A +* +*e &e6u+'+on +*'+ *e *'$ &e%oe$ &o% u-, I -u66o-e *e *'- +o e en '(e--on. A+ +*- 6on+ n +%e, I %*+ :u-+ o&e *% *e (( *'e +o e6e&en)e '(( +*e6'n- +*'+ e *'e '(-o -ue&e$ o& /u+e -o%e+%e.

D&. N'&', ou& '+*e& 'e ou (e, *- (oo$ &un- n ou& en-, *- (e-* - ou&

(e-*, *- one- '&e ou& one- 'n$ ou no $-on *% e)'u-e *e - +*e o&-+ %'non e'&+*, - +*'+ *'+ ou '&e -'n.

A "o&+ o, -&.

You '&e no +e((n +*'+ '- '& ['-] ou '&e )on)e&ne$ e)'u-e ou& '+*e& *'--nne$, ou *'e no %o&e '+*e&, '% I )o&&e)+

A Lon eo&e, -&, I $$ no+ ee( %u)* &o% % '+*e& een *en I '- -+(( ' ;$e)'u-e % '+*e& - no+ '('- -+'n +* u- '+ *o%e. "o, *o )'n ou -' +*'+Ye-, *e 'e %e (e, * no+ Bu+ o& -u&e, -&, ou $$ no+ e %e (oe. ([54]

Ano+*e& -on, Do%n'$o& N'&', J&., n'&&'+e$ eo&e +*e ne-+'+n o)e& +*e +&'u%'*e en+ +*&ou*#

In )onne)+on +* +*'+ '$'+, !&. +ne--, *)* )on+'n- +*e ')+ +*'+ ou& '+*e& -%'n+'nn ' 6'&'%ou&, )ou($ ou 6(e'-e +e(( +*- ono&'(e Co%%--on +*e ee)+ onou

A T*- *'- ' e& -+&on ee)+ on %e 'n$ +*- n)(u$e- % &o+*e&- 'n$ --+e&-,e-6e)'(( % %'&&e$ (e, -&. An$ + '(-o 'e)+e$ % )*($&en -o %u)*, +*'+ I 'n$ %e *'[e] 6'&+e$ '-. I+ *u&+- +o -' +*'+ I 'n$ % e 6'&+e$ '-. T*- - one

&e'-on +*'+ 'e)+e$ u-.

(( ou 6(e'-e +e(( u- -6e))'(( * ou 'n$ ou& e 6'&+e$ '-

A Be)'u-e % e '[-] '-*'%e$ o *'+ *'66ene$ +o % '%( 'n$ +*'+ -*e)ou($ no+ ')e +*e 6eo6(e, ou& )o%%un+, e-6e)'(( e)'u-e % e e(on- +o ' e((;non '%( n ou& )o%%un+.

o 'ou+ +*e ee)+ on ou& &o+*e&- 'n$ --+e&-


14/18

In ou& e- '%(

A In ou& '%(, -&.

An$ *'+ $o ou %e'n +*'+

A *'+ I %e'n+ +*'+ - % '+*e& *'$ 'n (()+ &e('+on-*6 'n$ +*'+ % '+*e&en+ +o +*e e+en+ o -)o($n % e 'n$ )'((n % e ' 6u+' n 6&on)'(oe&n%en+, *)* % %o+*e&n(' *'+e$ *% -o %u)* o& +*-, *)* &e'(( 'e)+e$u-. An$ +*en % e ;ne o& ' ')+ +*'+ % '+*e& *'- 'n (()+ &e('+on-*6 +* Gn'E-6+', *o% *e o&e +o )*($&en +*e n'%e o Au&e((e Do%n) 'n$ H(e Do%n'$o&,*)* I )ou($ 6&oe 'n$ I -+'n$ &% +o +*-, You& ono&. ([55]

A(+*ou* &e-6on$en+ 6ou-( )('%- '$*e&en)e +o +*e -'n)++ o %'&&'e, *- ')+-6&oe o+*e&-e. A *u-'n$ - no+ %e&e( ' %'n *o *'- )on+&')+e$ %'&&'e. R'+*e&,*e - ' 6'&+ne& *o *'- -o(e%n( -o&n +o (oe 'n$ &e-6e)+ *- e 'n$ &e%'n '+*u(

+o *e& un+( $e'+*.

e &e+e&'+e ou& &u(n n Cordova vs. Cordovalvi[57]T*e %o&'( $e(n/uen) +*'+ 'e)+-+*e +ne-- o ' %e%e& o +*e '& +o )on+nue '- -u)* n)(u$e- )on$u)+ +*'+ ou+&'e-+*e ene&'(( '))e6+e$ %o&'( -+'n$'&$- o +*e )o%%un+, )on$u)+ o& n-+'n)e, *)*%';e- ' %o);e& o +*e no('(e -o)'( n-++u+on o %'&&'e.

In %oledo vs. %oledo,([5]+*e &e-6on$en+ '- $-'&&e$ &o% +*e 6&')+)e o (', *en*e ''n$one$ *- ('u( e 'n$ )o*'+e$ +* 'no+*e& o%'n *o *'$ o&ne *% ')*($.

L;e-e, n &busan vs. &busan'

lviii

[58]+*e &e-6on$en+ '- $-'&&e$ '+e& +*e)o%6('n'n+ 6&oe$ +*'+ *e *'$ ''n$one$ *e& 'n$ %'n+'ne$ 'n '$u(+e&ou-&e('+on-*6 +* ' %'&&e$ o%'n. T*- Cou&+ $e)('&e$ +*'+ &e-6on$en+ '(e$ +o%'n+'n +*e **e-+ $e&ee o %o&'(+ e6e)+e$ 'n$ &e/u&e$ o ' %e%e& o +*e '&.

In +*e 6&e-en+ )'-e, +*e )o%6('n'n+ '- '(e +o e-+'(-*, )(e'& 'n$ )onn)ne$en)e, +*'+ &e-6on$en+ *'$ &e')*e$ +*e ** 'n$ e')+n %o&'( -+'n$'&$- -e+ o&%e%e&- o +*e (' 6&oe--on. A- *e($ n Maligsa vs. Cabanting,([59]' ('e& %' e$-'&&e$ o& 'n %-)on$u)+, *e+*e& n *- 6&oe--on'( o& 6&'+e )'6')+, *)*-*o- *% +o e 'n+n n %o&'( )*'&')+e&, n *one-+, 6&o+ 'n$ oo$ $e%e'no& o&uno&+* +o )on+nue '- 'n o)e& o +*e )ou&+.

WHEREFORE, Do%n'$o& !. N'&' - *e&e $I(#ARRE$'n$ *- n'%e -&R$ERE$ (%RIC)E*&o% +*e Ro(( o A++o&ne-. Le+ )o6e- o +*- De)-on e n +*e6e&-on'( &e)o&$ o Re-6on$en+ N'&'@ 'n$ u&n-*e$ +o '(( )ou&+- o +*e ('n$, +*eIn+e&'+e$ B'& o +*e


15/18

N'&'-', C.J., Re'('$o, D'$e, J&., Ro%e&o, Be((o-((o, !e(o,


16/18

i[1](ee&e)o&$-, o(. I, 66. 12. A++')*e$ +*e&en '&e 6*o+o)o6e- o +*e %'&&'e )on+&')+ o +*e )ou6(e 'n$ o

+o (oe (e++e&- &++en +*e &e-6on$en+ +o *- 6'&'%ou&.

ii[2]Co$e o


17/18

xx[20]Co%6(e$ An-e&FCo%%en+ 'n$ Coun+e&A$'+-, &e)o&$-, o(. II, 66. 111.

xxi[21]Ibid.' 66. 13.

xxii[22]Ibid.' 66. 89.

xxiii[23]!e%o&'n$u% o& +*e Re-6on$en+, 66. 17@ &e)o&$-, o(. I, 66. 299304.

xxiv[24]Re)o&$-, o(. I, 66. 159.

xxv[25]Re6o&+ Co%%.


18/18

xxxix[39]Ibid.' 66. 581.

xl[40]T"N, Noe%e& 4, 1993, 66. 534.

xli[41]Ibid.' 66. 3574.

xlii[42]T"N, J'nu'& 1, 1994, 66. 314.

xliii[43]T"N, "e6+e%e& 22, 1993, 66. 3132.

xliv[44]I$., 66. 8589.

xlv[45]Ibid., 66. 39 'n$ 5.

xlvi[46]T"N, Noe%e& 3, 1993, 66. 4344, 448 'n$ 51

xlvii[47]

T"N, J'nu'& 1, 1994, 66. 78 'n$ 11.

xlviii[48]"e)+on 22, Ru(e 132 o +*e Ru(e- o Cou&+.

xlix[49]De(o- Ree- vs. An'&, 19 "CRA 753, 758, Noe%e& 28, 1989.

l[50]"ee Re)o&$-, o(. III, 66. 1234.

li[51]Ju$e "'(e- =T"N, A6&( 19, 1994, 66. 37>@ A++. &(o A. "e'n$'( =T"N, A6&( 19, 1994, 66. 717>@

Ju'n+o . Co%' =T"N, A6&( 19, 1994, 66. 124>@ A(on-o Tu%'%'o =T"N, A6&( 19, 1994, 66. 2551>@ e(o

@ ?&. Ben:'%n T.L'-'n =T"N, June , 1994, 66. 19>@ 'n$ A(on-o C. Go&o-6e =T"N, June , 1994, 66. 192>.

lii[52]A&+. 220, ?'%( Co$e. (ee alsoA&+. 357 o +*e C( Co$e 'n$ A&+. 3 o +*e C*($ 'n$ You+* e('&e Co$e

=o& .

liii[53]A&+. 78, ?'%( Co$e.

liv[54]T"N, Noe%e& 4, 1993, 66. 2830.

lv[55]T"N, Noe%e& 4, 1993, 66. 3839 'n$ 4547.

lvi[56]19 "CRA 780, 783, Noe%e& 29, 1989,

lvii[57] "CRA 5, A6&( 2, 1973.

lviii[58]128 "CRA 485, A6&( 2, 1984.

lix[59]AC No. 4539, !' 14, 199, 66. 57,per curiam.

12. Narag v Narag

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Transcript of 12. Narag v Narag