105399078 HSPA Presentation
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Transcript of 105399078 HSPA Presentation
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Enhanced High-Speed Packet Access
Background: HSPA Evolution
Signaling Improvements
Architecture Evolution/ Home NodeB
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HSPA+ (HSPA Evolution) Background
,need to continue enhancing the HSPA technology
3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) being standardized now, but not
223 HSDPA operators in service in 93 countries (Oct. 08)**
Investment protection needed for current HSPA deployments
HSPA+ effort introduced in 3GPP in March 2006
HSPA+ defines a broad framework and set of requirements for theevolution of HSPA
.-
Rel.-8: further uplink enhancements
*HSPA is the combination of HSDPA and HSUPA
**http://www.3gamericas.org/pdfs/Global_3G_Status_Update.pdf
UMTS Networks 2Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
HSPA+ introduced to continue focus on enhancements to HSPA
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HSPA+ Goals
- ,agreed that HSPA+ should:
Provide spectrum efficiency, peak data rates & latency comparable toLTE in 5 MHz
Exploit full potential of the CDMA air interface before moving to OFDM
Allow operation in an optimized packet-only mode for voice and data
Utilization of shared channels only
Be backward com atible with Release 99 throu h Release 6
Offer a smooth migration path to LTE/SAE through commonality, andfacilitate joint technology operation
,
HSPA evolution is two-fold
Improvement of the radio Architecture evolution
UMTS Networks 3Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
ggress ve goa s or en anc ng
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Higher Order Modulations (HOMs)
Uplink Downlink
BPSK2 bits/s mbol 16QAM4 bits/s mbol 64QAM6 bits/s mbol
Increases the peak data rate in a high SNR environment
HOMs increase the number of bits/symbols transmitted, thereby
Very effective for micro cell and indoor deployments
UMTS Networks 4Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
ncreas ng e pea ra e
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HOM Peak Rate Performance Benefits: DL 64-QAM & UL 16-QAM
Downlink Mb/s
42.2
Equal to LTE peak rates in 5 MHz2x2 SU-MIMO + 64 QAM in DL
16-QAM in UL**
HSPA+
(64 QAM & 2x2 MIMO*)The use of Higher OrderModulations significantlyncreases t e t eoret ca
peak rates of HSPA
HSPA+
(16 QAM & 2x2 MIMO)
28.0
rov es ata rate ene ts
for users in very goodchannel conditions (e.g.quasi-static or fixed users
HSPA+ (64 QAM)
14.0
.
Uplink
c ose o e ce cen er,lightly loaded conditions)
HSDPA (16 QAM)HSPA+ (16 QAM)
.
5.74
Theoretical Max Peak Rates In Perfect RF Conditions*Part of 3GPP Rel-8
UMTS Networks 5Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
good channel conditions**Using 2 resource blocks for PUCCH and max prime factor restriction = 5
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HSDPA 64-QAM Micro Cell / Hotspot Deployment
~30% throughput increasefor top 10% users
Key assumptions: 500m inter-
site distance and 6dB attenuationfrom non-serving cells (models
Results from 3GPP R1-063415
site-to-site isolation)
2 Rx Antenna, Equalizer
Without 64-QAM With 64-QAM Gain
.
90%-tile Throughput(normalized for 1 user persector)
12 Mbit/s 15.6 Mbit/s 30%
UMTS Networks 6Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
HOMs provide significant improvements for hot spot deployments
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Multiple Antenna Techniques
Node-BUE 1
Beamforming
Different data streams sent to different users using the same codes Im roves throu h ut even in low SINR conditions cell-ed e
Already supported in Release 5/6, works with single antenna UEs
-UE 2
Multiple data streams sent to the same user
Significant throughput gains for UEs in high SINR conditions
Double Transmit Adaptive Array (D-TxAA) was adopted for Rel-7
Node-B UE
FDD and is based on dual codeword SU-MIMO
C ose Loop Transm t D vers ty CLTD Improves reliability on a single data stream
Fall back scheme if channel conditions do not allow SMNode-B UE
UMTS Networks 7Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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Fixed Beam Switching (FBS)
From UL e.g. 4 beams
sector area by help of a fixed
number of beams
Selection
S-CPICH (per beam) is
introduced for improving UE
Beam specific secondary
scramblin codes can be
applied code limitation
preventable
xe spa a ers,
e.g. Butler-Matrix or
baseband
im lementation
UMTS Networks 8Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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Adaptive Beamforming/ Beam Pointing (BP)
User specific adaptive
spatial filtering User specific antenna patterns
are formed depending on a
pre-defined optimisation
criteria e. .
MaxSINR
MaxSNR
maxSNR significantly outper-forms maxSIR
measuremen s
For a low angular spread BP
is nearly equivalent to
Algorithm
UMTS Networks 9Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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Basic MIMO Channel
M Tx N Rx
Coding/Modulation/
Weighting/Mapping
Weighting/Demapping
Demodulation/Decoding
The MIMO channel consists of M Tx and N Rx antennas
Each Tx antenna transmits a different si nal
The signal from Tx antenna j is received at all Rx antennas i
Channel capacity can increase linearly
CMIMO min{M,N} CSISO
UMTS Networks 10Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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MIMO in HSPA+
Release 7 MIMO for HSDPA 2x2 D- xAA, Mo e 1 HS-DPCCH-only feedback (CQI and PCI reported on HS-DPCCH)
PARC Algorithm with support for dual stream and single stream (different from
EncodeChannel
interleave
Modulator
(16QAM, QPSK)
V11
Stream 1 Antenna 1
V12
V21Stream 2 Antenna 2
Encode
interleave (16QAM, QPSK)
UMTS Networks 11Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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MIMO Performance Benefits
- . .
2x2 D-TxAA MIMO provides significant experienced peak, mean & cell edgeuser data rate benefits for isolated cells or noise/coverage limited cells
2x2 D-TxAA MIMO provides 20%-60% larger spectral efficiency than 1x2
1.5
1.75
IM
Ov
s.
dC
ell
SISO (1x1)
MIMO (2x2)Note: All gainsnormalized toNear Cell Center
80
(%)of2x2
MSE
0.5
0.75
1
.
Gaino
f
M
anI
sol
at SISO Data Rate
40
60
iencyG
ai
ver1x2L
0
0.25
Near Cell Center Average Cell Cell Edgeata
Rate
S
ISOf
o
0
20
Interference Limted Isolated Cellpe
ctralEffi
MIMO
Location SystemS
UMTS Networks 12Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
for isolated, noise limited cells
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HSDPA UE Physical Layer Capabilities
HS-DSCH Maximum number Su orted Modulation Minimum Maximum Total number of Theoretical
Category
of HS-DSCH multi-codes
Formats
inter-TTIinterval
MAC-hs TB size
soft channel bits
maximum datarate (Mbit/s)
Category 1 5 QPSK, 16QAM 3 7298 19200 1.2
Category 2 5 QPSK, 16QAM 3 7298 28800 1.2
Category 3 5 QPSK, 16QAM 2 7298 28800 1.8
Category 4 5 QPSK, 16QAM 2 7298 38400 1.8
Category 5 5 QPSK, 16QAM 1 7298 57600 3.6Cate or 6 5 PSK 16 AM 1 7298 67200 3.6
Category 7 10 QPSK, 16QAM 1 14411 115200 7.2
Category 8 10 QPSK, 16QAM 1 14411 134400 7.2
Category 9 15 QPSK, 16QAM 1 20251 172800 10.1
Category 10 15 QPSK, 16QAM 1 27952 172800 14.0
Category 11 5 QPSK 2 3630 14400 0.9
Category 12 5 QPSK 1 3630 28800 1.8
Cate or 13 15 PSK 16 AM 64 AM 1 35280 259200 17.6
Category 14 15 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM 1 42192 259200 21.1
Category 15 15 QPSK, 16QAM 1 23370 345600 23.3
Category 16 15 QPSK, 16QAM 1 27952 345600 28.0Category 17 15 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM/
MIMO: QPSK, 16QAM
1 35280/
23370
259200/
345600
17.6/
23.3
Category 18 15 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM/
MIMO: QPSK, 16QAM
1 42192/
27952
259200/
345600
21.1/
28.0
Category 19 15 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM 1 35280 518400 35.2
UMTS Networks 13Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
Category 20 15 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM 1 42192 518400 42.2
cf. TS 25.306Note: UEs of Categories 15 20 support MIMO
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E-DCH UE Physical Layer Capabilities
E-DCH Max. num. Min SF EDCH TTI Maximum MAC-e Theoretical maximum PHYCategory Codes TB size data rate (Mbit/s)
Category 1 1 SF4 10 msec 7110 0.71
Cate or 2 2 SF4 10 msec/ 14484/ 1.45/2 msec 2798 1.4
Category 3 2 SF4 10 msec 14484 1.45
Category 4 2 SF2 10 msec/ 20000/ 2.0/2 msec 5772 2.89
Category 5 2 SF2 10 msec 20000 2.0
Category 6 4 SF2 10 msec/ 20000/ 2.0/2 msec 11484 5.74
Category 7(Rel.7)
4 SF2 10 msec/2 msec
20000/22996
2.0/11.5
NOTE 1: When 4 codes are transmitted in parallel, two codes shall be
transmitted with SF2 and two codes with SF4
NOTE 2: UE Cate or 7 su orts 16 AM
UMTS Networks 14Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
cf. 25.306
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Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC)
Uplink DPCCH gating duringPrior to Rel-7
inactivity significant reductionin UL interference
Data
Pilot
-
New uplink DPCCH slot formatoptimized for transmission
Rel-7 using CPC
Data
DPCCH only
o
HS-SCCH-less transmission introduced to reduce si nalin bottleneck for real-time-services on HSDPA
UMTS Networks 15Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
real-time services (e.g. VoIP)
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CPC Performance Benefits
CPC provides up to a factor of two VoIP on HSPA capacity benefit comparedto Rel-99 AMR12.2 circuit voice and 35-40% benefit compared to Rel-6 VoIP
3 R'99 Circuit Voice
2
2.5
ofCP VoIP on HSPA (Rel'6)*
VoIP on HSPA (CPC)*
Note: All
1
1.5
cityGai capacity gains
normalized toAMR12.2Circuit Voice
0
0.5
IP
Cap Capacity
AMR12.2 AMR7.95 AMR5.9V
UMTS Networks 16Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
prov es s gn can o on capac y ene s
* All VoIP on HSPA capacities assume two receive antennas in the terminal
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Always On Enhancement of CPC
_
Reduces signaling load and battery consumption (in combination with DRX)
Allows users to be kept in CELL_DCH with HSPA bearers configured
Need to page and re-establish bearers leads to call set up delay
Incomin
UE in
URA_PCH
CPC allows users to
kept in CELL_DCH
UE in
CELL_DCH
callPage UE
Paging
ResponseWithout CPC, users
Send data almostImmediately
(
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Enhanced CELL_FACH & Enhanced Paging Procedure
_
state, eventually fall back toCELL_PCH/URA_PCH
HSPA+ introduces enhancements toreduce the delay in signaling thetransition to CELL_DCH use of
HSDPA in CELL_FACH and
UE in
URA_PCH_ s a es ns ea o -
CCPCH
Enhanced CELL_FACH
call Page UE
Paging
Use HSDPA forfaster
transmission ofsignaling
In Rel.-8 work item opened to improveRACH procedure
-
CELL_FACH 2ms framelength with up to4 retransmissions
_ bearers
CELL_DCH
Send data
UMTS Networks 18Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
En ance CELL_FACH/Pag ng/RACH re uces setup e ay mproves PoC
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E-RACH High level description
-
Transition to E-DCH transmission in CELL_FACH
Possibility to seamlessly transfer to Cell_DCH
NodeB can control common E-DCH resource in CELL_FACH
Resource assignment indicated from NodeB to UE
Transmission starts
with power ramping
on preamble
NodeB responds by
allocating common E-DCH
resources
UE starts common E-DCH
transmission.
F-DPCH for power control, E-AGCHreserved for E-DCH
access
for rate control, E-HICH for HARQ
#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4
p-
a
#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4PRACH
access
slots
Access slot set 1 Access slot set 2
#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4
UMTS Networks 19Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
10 ms 10 ms
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UTRAN Architecture
Core Network
RNS RNS
Iu Iu
TCP RTT:
~300ms
SDU buffer
RNC RNCIur
Node B Node B Node B Node B
uPriority Queue
MAC-hs RTT:
~10ms
UE
:
~100ms
Multiple ARQ loops at different levels
UMTS Networks 20Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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RLC Throughput Limit vs. RLC Window Size
Theoretical limit:PHY >> RLC
roug pu m vs. n ow ze;
RLC payload = 320bits; Parameter = RLC RTT [ms]
14.00
Options to increasedata rate
Increase PDU size/
10.00
12.00
ps]
RLC window
Reduce RTT
4.00
6.00
.
Rmax[Mb
100120
0.00
2.00 Limit to safelyavoid protocol
error.
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
RLC Window Size [#PDUs]
UMTS Networks 21Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
HSDPA increases peak data rate significantly, while it does not reduce RLC RTT equivalently !
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Enhanced Layer-2 Support for High Data Rates
new peak rates offered by HSPA+features such as MIMO & 64-QAM
RLC-AM eak rate limited to ~13
1500 byte IP packet
RLC-AM
ra c ow or user
Mbps, even with aggressivesettings for the RLC PDU size and
RLC-AM window size
802 802802
MAC-hsRLC-AM PDU
x19
.. Rel6
Release 7 introduces new Layer-2features to improve HSDPA
Flexible RLC PDU size
22 bits
802 802802
MAC-hs PDU
..
-e s ayer segmentat on
reassembly (based on radioconditions)
-
1500 byte IP packet
-
Traffic flow i for user k
1500 byte IP packet
-
Traffic flow j for user k
Release 8 improves E-DCH
MAC-i/ MAC-is2
RLC-AM PDU
1500 2
RLC-AM PDU
1500
Rel7MAC-ehs
15001
-
1500
UMTS Networks 22Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
Layer-2 enhancements to support higher rates of HSPA+
-
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MAC-ehs in NodeB
MAC-ehs Functions (TS 25.321)
Flow Control
Scheduling/ Priority handling
HARQ handling
TFRC Selection
MAC-ehs
Priority Queue
distribution
MAC-d flows
Scheduling/Priority handling
Priority Queue Mux
SegmentationMAC Control
PriorityQueue
PriorityQueue
PriorityQueue
Segment
ation
egmen
ation
egmenation
Priority Queue MUX
TFRC selection
HARQ entity
HS-DSCHAssociated DownlinkSignalling
Associated UplinkSignalling
UMTS Networks 23Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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Evolved HSPA Architecture (1) Objectives
Further improve latency and bit rate with limited and controlled hardware andsoftware impacts
Take advantage of these improvements as soon as today
E.g. independently of the availability of the SAE Core
Operate as a packet-only network based on shared channels only
Backwards compatible with legacy terminals
Simple upgrade of existing infrastructure (for both hardware, software)
UMTS Networks 24Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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Evolved HSPA Architecture (2) Full RNC/NodeB collapse
2 deployment scenarios: standalone UTRAN or carrier sharing withlegacyUTRAN
Evolved HSPA- stand-alone Evolved HSPA- with carrier sharingEvolved HSPA- stand-alone Evolved HSPA- with carrier sharing
GGSN
GGSN
Iu
GGSN
GGSN
Iu
SGSNUserplane: Iu/Gn
(onetunnel)Control
RNC
Legacy
SGSNUserplane: Iu/Gn
(onetunnel)Control
RNC
Legacy
Userplane: Iu/Gn
(onetunnel)Control
plane: Iu EvolvedHSPA
NodeB
Iur
UTRANUserplane: Iu/Gn
(onetunnel)Control
plane: Iu EvolvedHSPA
NodeB
UTRAN
EvolvedHSPA
NodeB
Iur NodeB
NodeBEvolvedHSPA
NodeB
Iur NodeB
NodeB
UMTS Networks 25Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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Evolved HSPA Architecture (3): Key features
Optimal efficiency with all radio functions grouped together (Radio bearercontrol, RRC, handover control, RLC/MAC)
Optimisation of resources
Central mana ement of common channels
Synergy with LTE
,
Ciphering and compression already in NodeB+ (with decision of PDCP inLTE eNodeB)
UMTS Networks 26Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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Home NodeB Background
the customers premise
Connected via customers fixed linee. . DSL
Small power (~100mW) to onlyprovide coverage inside/ close to
the building
Advantages
Improved coverage esp. indoorUE
Single device for home/ on themove
Special billing plans (e.g. homezone)
ChallengesIP Network
Gateway
Interference
Security
Costs
UMTS Networks 27Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
CN
Home NodeB architecture principles based on extending Iu interface
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Home NodeB architecture principles based on extending Iu interfacedown to HNB (new Iuh interface)
RAN Gateway Approach with new Iuh Interface
pproac
Leverage Standard CN Interfaces (Iu-
CS/PS)
Mobile CS/PS Core
CN Interface
Iu-CS/PS
Minimise functionality within Gateway
Move RNC Radio Control Functions toRNC RAN GW
Iuh
Home NodeB and extend Iu NAS &
RAN control layers over IP network
Features
Security architecture
Plug-and-Play approach
NodeB HNB
Femto local control protocol
CS User Plane protocol
UMTS Networks 28Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
FMS interface
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Summary
- .-
Investment protection for HSPA operators
Fill the gap before deployment of LTE
Provide alternative to LTE in some selected scenarios
Higher peak data rates
Signaling improvements
Arc itecture evo ution
HSPA+ features were designed to provide a smooth evolution from Rel-99 orRel-5/Rel-6 HSPA by enabling:
Backwards compatibility
Le ac Rel-99 Rel-5 Rel-6 terminals can be su orted on an HSPA+ carriersimultaneously with HSPA+ traffic
New HSPA+ terminals likely with support Rel-99 and/or Rel-5/Rel-6 HSPA
UMTS Networks 29Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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A Smooth Evolution to HSPA+
HSPA+HSUPA
2006 2007 2008 20092005
HSDPAW-CDMA
DL: 2 Mbps
UL: 384 kbps
DL: 14.0 Mbps
UL: 384 Kbps
DL: 14.0 Mbps
UL: 5.74 Mbps
DL: 28.0 Mbps
UL: 11.5 Mbps
DL: 42.2 Mbps
UL: 11.5 Mbps
HSPA+IMPLEMENTATION
HSPA+ Key Takeaways
Higher Bit Rates &
Increased Capacity
More than 2x HSPA peak rates,
35-40% improvement in VoIP capacity64-QAM DL/16-QAM UL,MIMO, L2 enh., CPC
Reduced Delay
Saves 100s of ms of setup delay
Coexistence with Rel99/HSDPA/HSUPA,
Enhanced CELL_FACH/
RACH/ Paging,
Architecture
moo vo u on o + ,availability expected 2008-2009
-
UMTS Networks 30Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
architecture evolution; smooth migration to LTE
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HSDPA References
apers:
A. Toskala et al: High-Speed Packet Access Evolution (HSPA+) in 3GPP,Chapter 15 in Holma/ Toskala: WCDMA for UMTS, Wiley 2007
R. Soni et al: Intelligent Antenna Solutions for UMTS: Algorithms andSimulation Results, Communications Magazine, October 2004, pp. 2839
Standards TS 25.xxx series: RAN Aspects
TR 25.308 HSDPA: UTRAN Overall Description (Stage 2)
. n ance p n : vera escr p on age
TR 25.903 Continuous Connectivity for Packet Data Users
TR 25.876 Multiple-Input Multiple Output Antenna Processing forHSDPA
TR 25.999 HSPA Evolution beyond Release 7 (FDD)
TR 25.820 Rel.-8 3G Home NodeB Stud Item Technical Re ort
UMTS Networks 31Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008
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Abbreviations
AICH Acquisition Indicator ChannelAMR Adaptive Multi-Rate
BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying
Mux Multiplexing
PARC Per Antenna Rate Control
PCI Precoding Control Information
CPC Continuous Packet Connectivity
CQI Channel Quality Information
DSL Digital Subscriber Line-
PDU Protocol Data Unit
Rx Receive
RTT Round Trip Time
F-DPCH Fractional Dedicated Physical ControlChannel
GW Gateway
HNB Home NodeB
SAE System Architecture Evolution
S-CPICH Secondary Common Pilot Channel
SDMA Spatial-Division Multiple-Access
HOM Higher Order Modulation
HSPA High-Speed Packet-AccessIA Intelligent Antenna
LTE Long Term Evolution
SINR Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio
SISO Single-Input Single-Output
SM Spatial Multiplexing
MAC-ehs enhanced high-speed Medium AccessControl
MAC-i/is improved E-DCH Medium AccessControl
MIMO Multi le-In ut Multi le-Out ut
VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
64QAM 64 (state) Quadrature AmplitudeModulation
UMTS Networks 32Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008