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Text A

As His Name Is, So Is He

Book 2, Unit 6

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Preview: Listening

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All about Names a cup of Joe an average Joe do not know Jack about John Q. Public Jeez Louise For Pete's sake a doubting Thomas Joe Blow a plain Jane

Sheila no way, Jose do not know either of

these two people from Adam

Jack of all trades Uncle Sam John Hancock Johnny One Note

Find out the meaning of these phases while listening to the story.

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All about Names a cup of Joe an average Joe do not know Jack about John Q. Public Jeez Louise For Pete's sake a doubting Thomas Joe Blow a plain Jane Sheila no way, Jose do not know either of these two people

from Adam Jack of all trades Uncle Sam John Hancock Johnny One Note

a cup of coffee a common person, either male or female do not know anything about a common person, male or female an expression of surprise show a feeling like surprise or disappointment who does not believe anything he is told a common man a woman who is neither ugly nor pretty a beautiful woman no do not know them at all

who know how to do everything the United States government a signature not a good singer

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New Words

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elegant

elegant / graceful elegant: 人为的优雅，是训练和修养的结果 graceful: 含有自觉的意味少，天然赏赐的意味多

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application

make application for = apply for 申请 v. apply apply … to sth. 把……应用于 apply to sth. 适用于

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impulsively

n. impulse on impulse 因一时冲动 He bought the car on impulse.

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substitute v. substitute A for B 用 A 代替 B

replace A with B 用 B 代替 A

n. a substitute for … …… 的代替者

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professional

(infml.) = pro. 专业的，专业人员 (antonym) 业余的，业余人员 unprofessional amateur

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talent

have a talent for 有……的才能

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approval

nod one’s approval 点头同意 for one’s approval 求某人指正（指教） on approval 供试用的，不满意的可以退货

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reserve v. reserve / preserve reserve = keep (for special use) preserve = keep safe, alive from n. a nature reserve 自然保护区 in reserve 备用的 without reserve 无保留地，无条件地

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specific

specific / concrete specific: 与 general （一般）相对的“具体”，与 vague （模糊，不定）相对的“明确”。 concrete: 与 abstract （抽象）对应的“具体”。

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latter

the former … the latter … 前者……后者…… latter-day adj. 近来的，现代的

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qualify qualify as 取得……资格；把（某人）说成 qualify for 能胜任；有……资格 qualify to do sth. 使有资格做某事

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critic

armchair critic 闭门造车的批评家；不做调查、不负责任的批评家

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refine

refine on / upon 琢磨，改进，润色 fine 精致 精细 fine sand 细沙 fine gold 纯金

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stereotype break the stereotypes 破除陈规，打破旧框框 stereo 立体声 原义：铅版印刷 stereo- 立体的，铅版 type: 印刷铅字

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extent

to some extent 在某种程度上 extent of reaction 反应程度

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confess admit / confess （承认） doing （ antonym ） deny doing I confess (that) … （口）得承认，这实在是 confess to sth. /sb. 承认有罪过 / 向某人忏悔

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carpenter

the carpenter’s son 木匠之子（耶稣） Like carpenters, like chips. （谚）什么木匠出什么活。

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nursery

nursery garden 苗圃 nursery school 幼儿园 nursery noodle （俚）一本正经的批评家

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thoughtful

be thoughtful of 为……着想，考虑周到

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award

major award 一等奖学金 minor award 二等奖学金

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objective

be objective about 对……很客观

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despair abandon myself to despair 只会悲观失望 in despair 绝望地 out of despair 出于绝望 Despair gives courage to a coward. （谚）狗急跳墙，人急造反。

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Discussion

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Topic Discussed in the Text a word:

a phrase:

a sentence:

name

personal names in English speaking countries

Names often have some stereotyped associations in a particular culture.

What kind?Where?

From what aspect?

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Factors Western People Consider in Naming Their Children first names

sound pleasant and attractive

second names carry special implications

the whole name a good mirror of its cultural as well as family background

rich with a positive sense that will work for the child’s growth

reflect social values and personal beliefs

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What attitudes do people often hold towards names?

western people relationship between name and chance of success? names with a positive sense work for people?

(confidence, favorable image, social status…) prejudice or bias?

the Chinese name stereotypes? (daily life, novel, areas, ages ) your name story?

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What can we do with our names?

overestimating or underestimating its function?

fatalism?

change it?

Your Opinion

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Passage Reading

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Title As His Name Is, So Is He A man’s name suggests something about his nature or manner. 人如其名 as…so…: express parallelism or proportionality As is the desert is like a sea, so is camel like a ship. As is the teacher, so is the pupil. It’s also OK to use the normal order. As you treat me, so I shall treat you.

p.139 Sentence Structure VIII

inversion

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Text Structure Part I (Para.1~2): Exemplification

Name has an effect on one’s life. A woman called Debbie changed her name on impulse, which

accordingly led to her success in career. Part II (Para.3): Quotation

Names have not merely identified people but also described people. Part III (Para.4~7): Exemplification / Comparison & Contrast

Names become attached to specific images. Name with a positive sense can work for people. People are all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent. Some prejudices may affect performance and achievements.

Part IV (Para.8): Dialectic Change your name is you feel that it does not suit you.

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Names in Part I (1~2) Debbie

generous, understanding, honest, creative, intense shortened from Deborah donates an image of a cook

Lynne sensitive, deeply creative or artistic, intense, a nature-

lover derives from the Welsh, meaning “lake” shortened from Linda, or Belinda, meaning “beautiful”

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Para. 2 One day, while filling out an application form for a publishing job, the young woman impulsively substituted her middle name, Lynne, for her first name Debbie. while filling out… “-ing” participle clause p. 139 Sentence Structure IX

substitute her middle name for her first name = replace her first name with her middle name

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Para. 3 … expressing some quality considered characteristic or descriptive of a person or a thing, … characteristic (of)

六月的特点是雨天多。 Rainy days are characteristic of June.

她的特点是从不发牢骚。 It is characteristic of her that she never complains.

An interest in people’s deepest feelings characterizes all her writings.

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Para. 3 For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserve, plainness or charm may be suggested by your name and conveyed to other people before they even meet you. translate:

不管是好是歹，诸如友好或拘谨，形貌平平或漂亮妩媚等品质已经和你的名字连在一起了，甚至在他人见到你本人之前就已经知道你的这些品质了。 Do you have any examples to illustrate this point?

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Names in Part III (4~7) Joe

spontaneous, social, easy-going, warm, generous, lacking in initiative

a short form of Joseph

Adrian diplomatic, friendly, lacking in energy, confidence and

initiative the English form of Hadrian, the name of a Roman

Emperor who built a wall across Northern British.

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Susan pleasant, easy-going, friendly, patient, social,

cautious a short form of Susanna, or Shoshanna

Harry individual, reserved, serious, stubborn, loyal,

thoughtful the Medieval English form of Henry

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Nigel imaginative, creative, inconsistent, insecure,

gullible, talkative meaning “champion”, “winner”

carpenter & Nigel Nigel: donates a champion or an artist who are of

higher social class carpenter: usually seen as a labor worker of lower

social class

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Bertha idealistic, generous, kind, caring, possessive meaning “bright or famous” well-known in German legends as a character who sneaks into nurseries and rocks children to sleep.

physicist & Bertha Bertha: makes people think of sb. who is fat physicist: should know how to eat healthily and keep a good figure

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Mel a short from Melvina, Melanie, Melissa a playful name which has no meaning of itself

Pope & Mel Pope: a person of very high social class and is highly respected Mel: donates an image of a car repairman. If a Mel drinks, he drinks beer instead of wine.

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Julian patient, careful, cautious, conservative, intense derived from Julius, the name of a Roman

Emperor

Rory practical, logical, analytical, systematic,

particular, serious meaning “red king”

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Elmer shrewd, aggressive, decisive, self-centered, independent meaning “noble or famous”

Hubert pleasant, diplomatic, sensitive, passive meaning “bright”

Michael clever, responsible, serious, self-confident, independent meaning “ who is like God”

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Linda hardworking, careful, patient, independent,

reliable, practical meaning “beautiful”

Diane clever, responsible, friendly, serious, reliable,

independent derives from Diana

Barbara sensitive, artistic, unstable, self-conscious meaning “foreign woman”

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Carol quiet, practical, clever, creative, inventive,

moody meaning “song”

Cindy idealistic, self-centered, sensitive, imaginative a short form of Cynthia, the Greek moon

goddess Artemis

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Para. 5 Of course, names with a positive sense can work for you and even encourage new acquaintances. acquaintance: a person whom one knows 熟人

make the acquaintance of sb. = make sb.’s acquaintance 与人结识 drop / cut sb.’s acquaintance 断交、绝交 have a nodding acquaintance with sb. 与人有点头之交

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Para. 5 Several evenings later, she came up to me at a party, pressing for an introduction to a very impressive man; they’d been exchanging glances all evening. press for: try in a determined way to get sth.

Reporters are pressing him for an explanation. The firm is pressing me for a dicision.

translate: 几天之后，她在一次聚会中走到我身边，催逼着我把她介绍给一个给人印象深刻的男人，他们两人整晚都在互送秋波。

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Para. 6 … we’re all guilty of name stereotyping to some

extent. name stereotyping: attaching an over-simplified idea or image to people according

to the qualities suggested by their names.

The term “stereotype” is used in a negative sense, and stereotypes are seen by many as undesirable beliefs which can be altered through education.

Common stereotypes include a variety of unfair ideas or images about various social groups based on race, class and sex.

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Para. 6 Often, we project name-based stereotypes on people, … project … on / onto …

把影片映在荧幕上 project the film on the screen

设想某人怀有和自己一样的想法、感情等（以己之心度人之腹） They project their dreams on us.

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Para. 7 … those girls with names such as Linda, Diane, Barbara, Carol, and Cindy performed better on objectively graded IQ and achievement tests than did girls with less appealing names. IQ Intelligence Quotient 智商

EQ Emotional Quotient 情商

achievement test 学业成绩测验

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Para. 8 …, you aren’t stuck with the label. be stuck with: be forced to have or use something

我们中的有些人已经被这个问题缠了两个星期了。 Some of us have been stuck with the problem for two weeks.

paraphrase: …, you are not forced to use it and you can change it.

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Expressions in the Text

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与她的优雅举止相配 suit her elegant manner

填写申请表自己感到好多了认真对待某事

fill out an application form

feel more comfortable with oneself

take sth. seriously

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增加…的自信心 add self-confidence to …

从古至今 throughout history

是…的真实写照 be descriptive of

names with a positive sense有积极含义的名字

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促使结识新朋友 encourage new acquaintances

拒绝一次相亲互送秋波没有偏见

turn down a blind date

exchange glances

free from prejudiced notions

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更适合做厨师 be more qualified to be a cook

智商测验考得好 perform better on IQ tests

受同伴欢迎程度 one’s popularity with one’s peers

to some extent在某种程度上