1-presentazione sistemi ciberfisici 141214Dai sistemi embedded ai sistemi ciberfisici Prof. F. Fummi...
Transcript of 1-presentazione sistemi ciberfisici 141214Dai sistemi embedded ai sistemi ciberfisici Prof. F. Fummi...
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Dai sistemi embedded ai sistemi ciberfisici Prof. F. Fummi
I moderni sistemi ciberfisici
! From computer (’60-’80): • General purpose systems for solution
of general problems
! To digital control systems (’80-’90): • Systems dedicated to control and
automation
! To distributed systems (’90-’00): • General purpose systems and/or
dedicated systems cooperating through the network
! To embedded systems (’00-): • Distributed systems integrated in non-
computing objects and in the environment
! To cyber-physical systems (’10-): • Embedded systems integrated with
physical processes
Water and Gas security
Irrigation
Climatic Sensors Lights
Video-Control System
audio/video systems
Domestic Appliances
Windows
HVAC control
CPS: Historical perspective
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CPS: the Horizon2020 view
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CPS: What?
! Like Hanging Gardens • fragrant plants in
dry climate
! Computer systems embedded in a non computer system to provide: • flexibility • efficiency and • features
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CPS: Why?
! To do: • specific tasks with limited resources meeting real
time constraints
! To guarantee: • safety and reliability even in critical situations
• no power, no communication, high temperature, …
! To provide: • advanced features in several aspects of modern
life
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CPS: Where?
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Cyber Physical Systems (I)
! Physical • Functional
• Implements some function in the design
• Interconnects facilitate physical interactions
! Cyber • Computation and
communication implement some function
• Requires a physical platform to communicate/run
• Cyber-physical – Physical with deeply embedded computing and
communication
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Cyber Physical Systems (II)
! Examples • Medical devices and
systems • Traffic control • Avionics • Electric power control • Defense systems • Building control
systems for energy efficiency
• Tracking of goods • etc.
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Communication
Why are CPS hard?
! Crosses interdisciplinary boundaries • Disciplinary boundaries need to be realigned • Convergence of system, control, SW and communication
engineering
Software Control Systems
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CPS: Design constraints
! Size and weight • Hand-held electronics • Weight costs money in transportation • Human body cannot eat desktops
! Power • Buttery power instead of AC
! Harsh environment • Power fluctuation, RF interferences, heat, vibration,
water, …
! Safety critical and real time operations ! Low costs
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! HW architecture alternatives • for a correct HW/SW trade-off
! SW design skills • lots of languages continuously extending
! HW/SW interaction mechanisms • O.S., MW, HdS for efficient SW development
! Network infrastructure • all ES are now networked embedded systems
! Computation effort estimation • theory is important when used in practice
! Join 3C • computation, control & communication
! Human Machine Interface • effective and efficient graphical applications
! Cognitive and learning technologies • definition of decision support systems
CPS: Designer knowledge
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! Horizon 2020 • The European Research Framework • The research roadmap from 2014 to 2020
! Leadership in enabling and industrial technologies • Information and Communication Technologies
! A new generation of components and systems • ICT 1 – 2014: Smart Cyber-Physical Systems • ICT 2 – 2014: Smart System Integration • ICT 4 – 2015: Customised and low power computing • ICT 23 – 2014: Robotics • ICT 24 – 2014: Robotics • ICT 30 – 2015: Internet of Things and Platforms for
Connected Smart Objects
CPS: an Opportunity?
270 M€
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