Modern African Governments and Economies

SUDAN and South Sudan

Directions

1. As you review the power point, take notes of underlined information. If you don’t understand something ask.

2. Notebook Questions: Write them in your notebook and answer.

3. Watch the Video. › Write down 5 new facts you learned.› When finished, briefly summarize the video.

Words to Know Kenya Nigeria South Africa Sudan South Sudan

Deforestation

NationalismWater Conservation

Government

Economy

History

Use this graphic organizer for each country

Country Name

Review:UNITARYWays Government Distributes Power

Central Authorit

y

Regional

Authority

Regional

Authority

Regional

Authority

Regional

Authority

Review: CONFEDERATIONWays Government Distributes Power

Central

Authority

Regional

Authority

Regional

Authority

Regional

Authority

Regional

Authority

Review: FEDERATION/FEDERALWays Government Distributes Power

Regional Authority

CentralAuthority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Throughout history the area of present day Sudan has been transferred from Arab Empires to various European nations.

The last European nation to control Sudan was Great Britain.

Following Sudan’s independence in 1953 the country has been destroyed by famine, corruption, crime, and military rule (Coup d'état).

Sudan

Natural resources: petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold, hydropower

Natural hazards: dust storms and periodic persistent droughts

Environment - current issues: inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification; periodic drought

Sudan

Population: 40,218,456 Life expectancy at birth 2009-58 Major infectious diseases: degree of

risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever

malaria

Sudan

Study the below facts: Using the information, what can you figure out about Sudan?

Infant mortality rate (under 1), 2009-69

Total population 2009-42,272,000 Annual no. of births (thousands), 2009-1300 GNI per capita (US$), 2009-1230 Life expectancy at birth (years), 2009-58% Total adult literacy rate (%), 2005-2008*-

69% Primary school net enrolment/attendance

(%), 2005-2009* 54%

Ethnic groups: black 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1%

Religions: Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), Christian 5% (mostly in south and Khartoum), indigenous beliefs 25%

Languages: Arabic, English, Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages .

Literacy: 61%

Sudan

Country name: Republic of the Sudan Capital: Khartoum Suffrage: 17 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state:

President Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

Sudan Government

Command/Mixed economy GDP - per capita (PPP): $1,900 Labor force : agriculture: 80%,

industry: 7%, services: 13%

Unemployment rate: 18.7%

Sudan Economy

SUDAN

VIDEO

Civil War In 1946 British colonial authorities

merged northern and southern Sudan into a single administrative region. The inhabitants of southern Sudan primarily practice Christianity and Traditional African religions. Northern Sudan consists of Arab Muslims. Merging these two have created civil war and ethnic conflict. What caused this?

Artificial Political Boundaries

DarfurKidnapped children are being made domestic slaves.

Dinka woman with traditional facial scars Dinka facial markings help identify children even if they have forgotten their names

Darfur

A mother tries to console her child in a refugee camp in Darfur, Sudan.

Education is free and required until 13. Primary education consists of eight years,

followed by three years of secondary education. Arabic is the main language taught in Sudanese

schools. Female education-Very basic and consists mainly

of religious studies of the Quran.

Sudan Education

Presidential Democracy

Federal (Dictatorship)

Command/Mixed

Former British ColonySudan

Describe the ways governments distribute power

Unitary- a form of government in which power is held by one central authority.

Confederation-voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation.

Federal-a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities.

Which one is Sudan today???? Write your answer in your Notes.

Citizen participation in government (Left Side)

Autocratic-government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the government.

Oligarchic-Government by the few, sometimes a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has very limited role.

Democratic-Government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly.

Which one is Sudan today???? Write your answer in your Notes.

Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments (Left Side)

Parliamentary-system of government having the real executive power vested in a cabinet composed of members of the legislature who are individually and collectively responsible to the legislature. May have a Prime Minister elected by the legislature.

Presidential-a system of government in which the president is constitutionally independent of the legislature.

Which one does Sudan have today???? Write your answer in your Notes.

On the Left Side of your notebook, match the Trade Barrier with the following:

A. A tax on goods when they cross a national border.

B. A type of trade restriction that sets a physical limit on the quantity of a good that can be imported into a country in a given period of time.

C. The prohibition of trade with a certain country, in order to isolate it and to put its government into a difficult internal situation.

EmbargoTariffQuota

South Sudan officially the Republic of South

Sudan its current capital is Juba, which is also

its largest city South Sudan became an independent

state on 9 July 2011

South Sudan Government

The constitution establishes a mixed presidential system of government headed by a president who is head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces

Salva Kiir Mayardit, the first elected President of South Sudan

South Sudan Economy The economy of South Sudan is one of the

world's weakest and most underdeveloped with South Sudan having little existing infrastructure and the highest maternal mortality and female illiteracy rates in the world as of 2011.

Since the recent independence of South Sudan, economically little is known or has been established.

Economy dependent upon agriculture and timber

Presidential Democracy

Federal

?

Former British Colony/Gained Independence from Sudan in

2011

South Sudan