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KPI definition
3G RANOP RU30
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Course Content
KPI definition
Performance monitoring
Air interface optimization
Traffic monitoring
Capacity enhancement
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Module Objectives
• Describe the principles of 3G optimization
• Give an overview about the performance measurements and newfeatures offered by RU30
• Discuss the purpose of the most important KPIs (setup, access,
drop, mobility and throughput performance) and the factors impacting
them
At the end of the module you will be able to:
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KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization
Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification
KPI construction
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Principles of 3G network optimization
Optimization strategy
Quality & Key Performance
Performanceindicators
RANparameters
Counters(OSS/NetAct)
RRM/Field/installation Cell CoverageCell Capacity
Radio/Signaling
capabilities
Transmission
capacity
Core/Mobility
performance
HWcapability
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Target issues for optimizations are e.g. To achieve coverage and capacity RAN improvements by tuning of interference situations within the network
Therefore check RRM to ensure that the RAN offers planned coverage for each targeted service
Evaluate high capacity i.e. low blocking for new calls and handovers
Observe network performance by overall counters (NetAct, RNC counters)
Define quality indicators and compare KPI’s by triggering points
Check overall Quality of Service at RAN, transmission and core
Optimize the use of available capacity by priorities
Continuously monitoring/adjusting how the available resources are used inaccordance with user requests !
Optimization strategy
Principles of 3G network optimization
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Key perform ance indicator imp rovement
Performance evaluationFailure causesEvent /Action item
P ERFORMANCE
Targets
C OUNTER
D escriptive statistics
Key P erformance indicator Signaling / Traffic RT/NRT
RRC / RAB / CORE
C OUNTER
statistics
Targets
fulf i l led ? Evaluat ion
Failure causes
Uu / WBTS /
AAL2 / RNC
Indicat ion
KPI
Targets
Event / Action item /improvement
No activ ities
Optimisation
Signaling / user plane
Principles of 3G network optimization
Yes No
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Operator can define several KPIs:
Blocking rate (e.g. for RRC 0.5%, RT RAB 1%, NRT RAB 0.1%, PS session 5%)
Call drop rate (e.g. for RT RAB 0.5%, NRT RAB 2%)
Handover success rate (e.g. for SHO 95%, for ISHO 80%)
Report statistics generated by vendor MML commands (WBTS, RNC)
Evaluated for accessibility, retainability, usage, mobility and integrity (BLER)
Graphical representation of statistics (e.g. NetAct Report Suite)
In addition reporting and monitoring by probes
Principles of 3G network optimization
Quality benchmark
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100%*KPI attempts)all_setup_ (e.g.all_call_events Number_of_
ups)l_call_set.successfuresult(e.gh_desired_ events_wit Number_of_
KPI counts events
Operator must specify target value to
evaluate performance
Limited qualitative analysis only, as nodetailed failure causes
Arithmetic mean only, but no discussionof statistical scatter
Principles of 3G network optimization
KPI principle and definition
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The KPIs to be monitored for the RAN could be e.g.
Cell availability
Call Setup Success Rate CSSR
Packet session setup success rate (NRT, HSDPA, HSUPA)
Call Drop rate
SHO / ISHO / HSPA serving cell change success rate
In NOLS
WCDMA RAN Key Performance Indicators
RNC counter description
NetAct data base description for RNC measurements
Key Performance Indicator Changes Measurement Changes
Principles of 3G network optimization
KPI principle and definition
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KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization
Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification
KPI construction
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BS
RNC 3G MSC
3G SGSN
GGSN Firewall
FMT
GPRS
Backbone
Internet
PS data
server
PSTN
CS data
server Modem
RAN KPI
Principles of performance measurements
RAN KPI classification – according functionality
The RAN KPI can be classified into the following categories
Accessibility
Retainability
Usage
Mobility
Integrity (BLER)
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Relocation
RNC1SRNC
UEBTS2
BTS1
RNC2DRNC
Accessibility:RRC Setup & Access Rate
RAB Setup & Acc ess Rate
Call Setup Success Rate
XRetainability:RRC Drop Rate
RAB Drop Rate
Mobility:SHO Success Rate
SHO Overhead
Usage:Average UL Load
Average DL Load
X Pre-emption
Principles of performance measurements
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RNC radio network counter
# 1xxx
W-BTS counter (HSPA, CE, CQI) #
50xx / 51xx
AXC counter #
52xxRNC PDH counter #
1xx
RNC signalling counter (SCCP) #
2xx
RNC ATM /IP transport counter #
5xx/8xxRNC DSP counter #
6xx
RNC multi-controller counter
(CPU) # 2xxx
Principles of performance measurements
RAN KPI classification – according network element
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M1000 Cell resourceM1001 Service level
M1002 Traffic
M1003 L3 signaling at Iu
M1004 L3 signaling at Iur
M1005 L3 signaling at Iub
M1006 RRC signalingM1007 Soft handover
M1008 Intra-system hard handover
M1009 L3 relocation signaling
M1010 Inter-system handover
M1011 Location services
M1012 Service area broadcastM1013 Autodef SHO
M1014 Autodef IFHO
M1015 Autodef ISHO
M1016 RCPM OLPCM1017 RCPM RLC
M1018 RCPM UEQ
M1021 Iu-PC Interface
M1022 Packet call
M1023 Cell throughput
M1024 RCPM OLPC WCELM1025 RCPM OLPC RNC
M1026 RCPM RLC WCEL
M1027 RCPM RLC RNC
M1028 Autodef SHO DSR
M1031 WBTS Resource
M1032 CS Voice HSPA User PlaneM1033 CPICH Quality (EC /I0 and RSCP statistics)
New counters and performance measurements RU30
RNC radio network part measurements with new counters
new measurements
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New counters and performance measurements RU30
M5000 HSPA in WBTS MeasurementM5001 WBTS HW Resource Measurement
M5002 Cell Throughput in WBTS Measurement
M5003 Frame Protocol in WBTS Measurement
M5004 Signaling Load in WBTS Measurement
M5005 HSPA in WBTS Extension Measurement (number of DC HSPA users, PIC state)
M5006 WBTS R99 HW Measurement (CE for R99 and AMR over HSPA)M5101 FTM PDH Interface Measurement
M5102 FTM SDH Interface Measurement
M5105 FTM ATM Interface Measurement
M5106 FTM ATM VC Connection Measurement
M5107 FTM ATM VC Connection Measurement
M5110 FTM Ethernet Link MeasurementM5113 FTM Pseudowire MPLS Measurement
M5114 FTM PSN Tunnel IP Measurement
W-BTS part measurements with new counters
new measurements
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New counters and performance measurements RU30
M5115 AAL2 Scheduling Performance in BTS MeasurementM5116 FTM Timing over Packet Measurement
M5117 FTM IP Statistics Measurement
M5118 FTM PHB Statistics Measurement
M5119 FTM CES over PSN Interface Measurement
M5120 FTM CES over PSN pseudowire tunnel Measurement
M5121 FTM CES over PSN Pseudowire MeasurementM5122 FTM IPSec Measurement
M5123 FTM VLAN PHB Statistics Measurement
M5124 FTM VLAN IP Statistics Measurement
M5125 FTM VLAN Statistics Measurement
M5126 FTM TWAMP Statistics Measurement
M5127 PPP Multi Link Statistics MeasurementM5128 PPP Single Link Statistics Measurement
W-BTS part measurements with new counters
new measurements
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New counters and performance measurements RU30
RNC transport and HW part measurements with new counters
new measurements145 PDH Statistics
208 MTP Signalling link availability
209 MTP signalling link performance
210 MTP signalling link utilization
211 MTP signalling point status
212 MTP Signalling link set and route set availability
213 MTP Signalling traffic report of signalling points
214 MTP Signalling traffic report of user parts
215 MTP matrix signalling traffic
216 SCCP signalling point
217 SCCP subsystem
218 SCCP local subsystem availability
219 SCCP single meters
513 STM-1 Interface
514 IMA Logical Interface
516 SONET/SDH Protection Group meas
528 ATM layer performance
529 ATM Virtual Path Connection
530 ATM Virtual Channel Connection
531 ATM Route Load
532 ATM Interface533 ATM VCC Bundle
546 SAAL signalling protocol at UNI
547 AAL5 Protocol Measurement in DMX
548 AAL2 signalling protocol at UNI
549 AAL5 Protocol Meas. in CHORUS
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New counters and performance measurements RU30
RNC transport and HW part measurements with new counters
new measurements550 AAL2 path CAC resource
552 AAL2 signalling at NNI
553 AAL2 Scheduling Performance in RNC
563 TCP/IP Protocol
564 Ethernet Interface Performance
565 IP measurement on IP interface
566 UDP measurement on IP interface
567 IP QoS measurement
568 IP Based Route measurement
592 Unit Load
594 WAC overload control
608 Availability Performance609 DSP service statistics
610 L2 Resource Utilization (multi-controller)
612 DSP state changes
615 DSP Resource Utilization
617 DSP load
661 M3UA Association Set
800 AAL2 Resource Reservation
801 Iu-PS Performance
802 RNC capacity usage803 RNC RTP/RTCP
804 RNC IP CAC
2002 CPU Usage (multi-controller)
2004 Networking Logical (multi-controller)
2007 Node Level CPU load (multi-controller)
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Performance monitoring Feature Number Automatic object list update RAN1438
User management for online monitoring RAN2290
Principles of performance measurements
New performance measurement features RU30
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Principles of performance measurements
New HW and SW features in RU30
Frequency domain equalizer RAN1702
HSUPA interference cancellation receiver RAN1308
Dynamic HSDPA BLERRAN2171
Multi band load balancing and blind inter-frequency HORAN2172
Enhanced serving cell changeRAN1911
Dual cell HSDPA with MIMO and 64QAMRAN1907
4Rx diversityRAN1269
MIMO and 64QAMRAN1912
Flexi 3 sector RF module 1900 MHzRAN1575
HS Cell_FACH on DLRAN1637
New Feature RAN
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KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization
Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification
KPI construction- KPI Factors
- Access and setup
- Drop (Retainability)
- Mobility
-Throughput
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IMPACT of network
performance
BTS, RNC, PS Core, CSCore performance
Performance of UE andfield measurement tools
Quality of networkimplementation
Application servers, IPbackbone performanceQuality of network operation
and maintenance
KPI factors
Factors affecting KPIs
f
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KPI factors
Factors affecting KPIs
Many factors and network elements can affect network performance, e.g.
Quality of network equipment, both hardware and software (BTS, RNC, PS and CS
core, transmission equipment)
Performance of UE and field measurement tools (inter-operability, sensitivity of measurement parameters, level of accuracy)
Quality of network planning and optimization (coverage, interference, parameter tuning, capacity dimensioning, site acquisition)
Quality of network implementation (site and network equipment installation,
integration and commissioning)
Quality of network operation and maintenance
Multi-vendor environment (application servers, IP backbone, core versus RAN)
Measurement method (test setup, service dependency, cluster or system level,clutter type)
KPI f t
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Server
RNC
W-BTS
UE
Power controlRACH process
UE power consumptionUE power spikingUE Sensitivity
UE Measurement performance
Cell reselectionSHORelocationInter-RAT mobility
UE IP configurationSupport of robust IP
header compression
KPI factors
UE impact on performance
UE feature supportCell_PCH64 QAMMIMODual cell HSPA
KPI f t
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KPI factors
UE impact on performance
The functionalities of different UEs are not similar, there are differences in
Power control and RACH process
SRNC relocation support
Cell FACH/PCH performance
Cell reselection and inter-RAT mobility
Throughput (e.g. during SHO)
UE power consumption
UE power spiking
UE Measurement performance (cell reselection, Cell_DCH, ISHO)
UE Sensitivity
Data card throughput
Malfunctioning of certain UEs will naturally cause drops in setup or active phase
KPI D fi iti
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KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization
Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification
KPI construction- KPI Factors
- Access and setup
- Drop (Retainability)
- Mobility
-Throughput
KPI constr ction RRC set p
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UE
RRC: Connection Request
RRC Connection Setup phaseResource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission
RRC: Connection Setup
RRC Connection Access phaseRNC waits reply from UE
RRC: Connection Setup Complete
BTS RNC CN
KPI construction – RRC setup
Definition RRC connection (service level measurements M1001)
RRC setupsuccess rate
KPI construction RRC setup
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ion_setupsce_connector_RRC_voiattempts_f
on_setupse_connectif_RRC_voicfailures_oion_setupsce_connector_RRC_voiattempts_f tesuccess_raRRC_setup_
KPI construction – RRC setup
RRC setup success rate (voice)
REP = repetitive attempt due to
RRC connection rejectNOT treated as fault, if user finally gets service
REL = cell reselection during setup
UE does not respond to RNC in 1st
cellBut requests service again in 2nd cell
Emergency calls redirected to GSM
RG_CALLTP_REJ_EMERRC_CONN_S
L_MT_CONVRRC_ACC_REL_MO_CONVRRC_ACC_REYL_EMERGENCRRC_ACC_REYP_EMERGENCRRC_ATT_REP_MT_CONVRRC_ATT_REP_MO_CONVRRC_ATT_RE
CALL_ATTSEMERGENCY_ ALL_ATTSMTC_CONV_CALL_ATTSMOC_CONV_CΣ
L_MT_CONVRRC_ACC_REL_MO_CONVRRC_ACC_REYL_EMERGENCRRC_ACC_RE
CALL_FAILSEMERGENCY_ CALL_ATTSEMERGENCY_
ALL_FAILSMTC_CONV_CALL_ATTSMTC_CONV_C
ALL_FAILSMOC_CONV_CALL_ATTSMOC_CONV_CΣ
tesuccess_raRRC_setup_
KPI construction RRC setup
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PR_SIGNL_MT_HIGH_ RRC_ACC_RE-PR_SIGNL_MO_HIGH_ RRC_ACC_RE
L_MT_BACKGRRC_ACC_REL_MT_INTER RRC_ACC_RE
L_MO_BACKGRRC_ACC_REL_MO_INTER RRC_ACC_RE
P_MT_BACKGRRC_ATT_REP_MO_BACKGRRC_ATT_RE
PR_SIGNP_MT_HIGH_ RRC_ATT_RE-PR_SIGNP_MO_HIGH_ RRC_ATT_RE
P_MT_INTER RRC_ATT_REP_MO_INTER RRC_ATT_RE
CALL_ATTSMTC_BACKG_ CALL_ATTSMTC_INTER_ ATTSRIOR_SIGN_ MTC_HIGH_P
ATTSRIOR_SIGN_ MOC_HIGH_PCALL_ATTSMOC_BACKG_ CALL_ATTSMOC_INTER_ Σ
PR_SIGNL_MT_HIGH_ RRC_ACC_RE- PR_SIGNL_MO_HIGH_ RRC_ACC_RE
L_MT_BACKGRRC_ACC_REL_MT_INTER RRC_ACC_RE
L_MO_BACKGRRC_ACC_REL_MO_INTER RRC_ACC_RE
FAILSRIOR_SIGN_ MTC_HIGH_P-ATTSRIOR_SIGN_ MTC_HIGH_P
FAILSRIOR_SIGN_ MOC_HIGH_P-ATTSRIOR_SIGN_ MOC_HIGH_P
CALL_FAILSMTC_BACKG_ CALL_ATTSMTC_BACKG_
CALL_FAILSMTC_INTER_ CALL_ATTSMTC_INTER_
CALL_FAILSMOC_BACKG_ CALL_ATTSMOC_BACKG_
CALL_FAILSMOC_INTER_ CALL_ATTSMOC_INTER_ Σ
tesuccess_raRRC_setup_
KPI construction – RRC setup
RRC setup success rate (NRT)
Analogue to voice
Includes interactive, background and high priority signaling services
Does not include emergency calls
KPI construction RRC setup
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KPI construction – RRC setup
RRC setup success rate (example)
Typical target for RRC setup success rate 99.5%
Little resources needed
High processing gain due to SF256 / SF128 on DL / UL for SRB
KPI construction RAB setup
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RRC: Initial Direct Transfer (service request)
RANAP: Initial UE MessageDirect transfer (Call Proceeding)
RANAP: RAB AssignmentRequest
RRC: Radio Bearer Setup
RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete
RAB Connection Setup phaseResource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission
RANAP: RAB AssignmentResponse
Direct transfer (Alerting)
Direct transfer (Connect)
Direct transfer (Connect Acknowledge)
RAB Connection Access phaseRNC waits reply from UE
UE BTS RNC CN
KPI construction – RAB setup
Definition RAB connection (service level measurements M1001)
RAB setup
success rat
KPI construction – RAB setup
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KPI construction – RAB setup
RAB setup success rate (voice)
shmentsAB_establior_voice_R attempts_f
ments _establish _voice_RABsuccessfultesuccess_raRAB_setup_
T_CS_VOICERAB_STP_AT
EMP_CS_VOICRAB_ACC_COtesuccess_raRAB_setup_
KPI construction – RAB setup
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KPI construction – RAB setup
RAB setup success rate (NRT)
Analogue to voice
Includes interactive and background services
High priority signaling services have on RAB level traffic class background
T_PS_BACKGRAB_STP_AT
T_PS_INTER RAB_STP_AT
GMP_PS_BACK RAB_ACC_CO
R MP_PS_INTERAB_ACC_CO
tesuccess_raRAB_setup_
KPI construction – RAB setup
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KPI construction RAB setup
RAB setup success rate (example)
Typical target for voice RAB setup success rate 99%
Little additional resources beyond RRC needed
Still high processing gain due to SF128 / SF64 on DL / UL for RB
KPI construction – RAB setup
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KPI construction RAB setup
RAB setup success rate (example)
Typical target for NRT RAB setup success rate 99.9%
Hardly any additional resources beyond RRC needed
RAB setup with DCH0/0, i.e. only signaling, no service allocation
KPI construction – call setup success rate
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shmentsAB_establior_voice_R attempts_f
ments _establish _voice_RABsuccessful*
ion_setupsce_connector_RRC_voiattempts_f
on_setupse_connectif_RRC_voicfailures_o
ion_setupsce_connector_RRC_voiattempts_f
AMR_CSSR
CSSR = RRC setup SR * RAB setup SR
RRC: Connection Request
RRC: Connection Setup
UE RNC
+
CoreUE
Both setup phases
must be successful
RRC: Connection Setup
Complete
Service Request
RANAP RAB assignment
Procedure between core
and RNC
KPI construction call setup success rate
For NRT call analogue treatment
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KPI construction – packet session setup
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UE
RRC: Capacity Request
PS Session Setup phaseResource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission
RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration
PS Session Access phase
RNC waits reply from UE
RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete
BTS RNC
p p
Definition packet session setup (packet call measurements M1022)
PS session setupsuccess rate
UE in Cell_FACH or with DCH 0/0
UE in Cell_DCH with data r ate > 0 kbit/s (R99 or HS)
KPI construction – packet session setup
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sallocationor_PS_DCH_ attempts_f
locations _PS_DCH_alsuccessful
PS_SSSR
RAB established
PS decides about Cell_DCH or Cell_FACH
p p
R99 packet session setup success rate
100%*
_DCH_BGR PS_ATT_DCH
+ _DCH_INTPS_ATT_DCH D_ALLO_BGR D_D_REQ_D_
+D_ALLO_INTD_D_REQ_D_
PS_SSSR
Request in DL: DCH Allocated in DL: DCH
Request in UL: DCH Allocated in UL: DCH
KPI contains interactive and background, but not PS streaming and conversational services
KPI construction – packet session setup
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p p
R99 packet session setup success rate (example)
Typical target for packet session SSR 90% / 95% for data rate > / ≤ 64 kbps
High amount of resources needed especially for high data rate
Low processing gain especially for high data rate due to SF8 / SF4 on DL / UL
KPI construction – packet session setup
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R SCH_DCH_BGPS_ATT_HSD+TSCH_DCH_INPS_ATT_HSDRESCH_DCH_STPS_ATT_HSD
GR SCH_EDCH_BPS_ATT_HSD+ NTSCH_EDCH_IPS_ATT_HSDTRESCH_EDCH_SPS_ATT_HSD
GR S_D_ALLO_BHS_D_REQ_H+ NTS_D_ALLO_IHS_D_REQ_HTRES_D_ALLO_SHS_D_REQ_H
GR S_D_ALLO_BHS_E_REQ_H NTS_D_ALLO_IHS_E_REQ_HTRES_D_ALLO_SHS_E_REQ_H
GR S_E_ALLO_BHS_E_REQ_H+ NTS_E_ALLO_IHS_E_REQ_HTRES_E_ALLO_SHS_E_REQ_H
p_SSHSPDA_Setu
ns _allocatioor_HS_DSCHattempts_f
llocations _HS_DSCH_asuccessful
p_SR HSDPA_Setu
RAB established
PS decides about HS-DSCH, DCH or FACH
p p
HSDPA session setup success rate
Three combinations
• HSDPA + HSUPA requested → both allocated
• HSDPA + HSUPA requested → at least HSDPA allocated • HSDPA requested only → HSDPA allocated
KPI contains streaming, interactive and background service
An analogue KPI for conversational service does not exist
KPI construction – packet session setup
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HSDPA session setup success rate (example)
Typical target for HSDPA session setup success rate 90%
HSDPA session setup more often successful than R99 packet session setup
For HSDPA guarantee of 5 codes and reservation of CEs per packet scheduler
KPI construction – packet session setup
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GR SCH_EDCH_BPS_ATT_HSD+ NTSCH_EDCH_IPS_ATT_HSDTRESCH_EDCH_SPS_ATT_HSD
GR S_E_ALLO_BHS_E_REQ_H+ NTS_E_ALLO_IHS_E_REQ_HTRES_E_ALLO_SHS_E_REQ_H p_SSHSUPA_Setu
tionsDCH_allocaor_Eattempts_f
tionsDCH_alloca _Esuccessful
p_SR HSUPA_Setu
RAB established
PS decides about HS-DSCH, E-DCH, DCH or FACH
HSUPA session setup success rate
One combination only
HSDPA + HSUPA requested → both allocated
KPI contains streaming, interactive and background service
KPI construction – packet session setup
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HSUPA session setup success rate (example)
Typical target for HSUPA session setup success rate 90%
KPI Definition
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Principles of 3G network optimization
Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification
KPI construction- KPI Factors
- Access and setup
- Drop (Retainability)
- Mobility
-Throughput
KPI construction – call drop rate
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Radio link drop
Soft drop, RRC or RAB connection might still survive
UE BTS RNC CN
Types of drops
RRC drop
Hard drop, all RAB drop as well
RAB drop
Hard drop, but RRC connection might still survive
RAB drop = call drop
KPI construction – call drop rate
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uresue_to_failreleases_deasesnormal_rel
uresue_to_failreleases_d
CDR
Call drop rate (service level measurements M1001)
Dropped calls = calls which do not terminate due to one of the following reasons
• Normal release
• Relocation
• Preemption
Possible causes for call drops are e.g.
• Lack of coverage
• Interference
• SHO failure
• Missing neighbor • Relocation failure
KPI construction – call drop rate
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E_UEIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FAE_RNCIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FA
E_IUR IL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FAE_BTSIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FA
E_RADIOIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FAE_IUIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FA
_GANHOL_CS_VOICERAB_ACT_RE _ISHOL_CS_VOICERAB_ACT_RE
_HHOL_CS_VOICERAB_ACT_RE
_P_EMPL_CS_VOICERAB_ACT_RE _SRNCL_CS_VOICERAB_ACT_RE
EMP_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_COΣ
E_UEIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FAE_RNCIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FA
E_IUR IL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FAE_BTSIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FA
E_RADIOIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FAE_IUIL_CS_VOICRAB_ACT_FA
_P_EMPL_CS_VOICERAB_ACT_REΣ
CDR_voice
Call drop rate for voice
KPI considers cell where call terminates
Call might have been started in another cell
Preemption treated as drop, as user looses service
Normal release
Relocation / preemption
IFHO
ISHO to GSM / WLAN
Drops
Drops
Preemption
KPI construction – call drop rate
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Call drop rate for voice (example)
Typical target for voice call drop rate 0.5%
CS call drop rate usually lower than PS one due to larger cell range and
bigger SHO overhead
KPI construction – call drop rate
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Call drop rate for NRT
No preemption for NRT calls
No inter-RAT mobility considered for NRT callsKPI considers drop of active RAB only
If non active RAB drops, both standard failure counters andRAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_XX_PCH counters are updated
Normal release
Relocation
Drops
Drops interactive
G_UEIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAR_UEIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FA
G_RNCIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAR_RNCIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FA
G_IUR IL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAR_IUR IL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FA
G_BTSIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAR_BTSIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FA
G_RADIOIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAR_RADIOIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FA
G_IUIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAR_IUIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FA
_SRNCL_PS_BACKGRAB_ACT_RE _SRNCL_PS_INTER RAB_ACT_RE
GMP_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_COR MP_PS_INTERAB_ACT_CO
R_PCHIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FAG_PCHIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FA
G_UEIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAG_RNCIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FA
G_IUR IL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAG_BTSIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FA
G_RADIOIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAG_IUIL_PS_BACK RAB_ACT_FAR_UEIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FAR_RNCIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FA
R_IUR IL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FAR_BTSIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FA
R_RADIOIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FAR_IUIL_PS_INTERAB_ACT_FA
CDR_NRT
Drops background
Drops în Cell/URA_PCH
KPI construction – call drop rate
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Call drop rate for NRT (example)
Typical target for NRT call drop rate 2%
PS call drop rate usually higher than CS one due to higher RSCP
requirements and lower SHO overhead
KPI construction – call drop rate
HSDPA t i bilit (t ffi t M1002)
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o_failuresases_due_tHSDPA_relesPA_releasenormal_HSD
sPA_releasenormal_HSDion_SR HSDPA_sess
ion_SR HSDPA_sess1 _rateHSDPA_drop
HSDPA retainability (traffic measurements M1002)
HSDPA retainability deals with transition from HS-DSCH to DCH or FACH,not with release of HS RAB
Causes for normal transitions are• Inactivity
• Preemption
• Mobility to non HS cell
If a failure occurs, the RNC tries to shift the user to Cell_FACH, i.e. to
keep the RRC and RAB connection runningHSDPA drop thus is soft drop
KPI construction – call drop rate
HSDPA t i bilit
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DSCH_BGR L_FAIL_HS_ REL_ALLO_R DSCH_INTL_FAIL_HS_ REL_ALLO_R
DSCH_BGR TH_FAIL_HSREL_ALLO_ODSCH_INTTH_FAIL_HSREL_ALLO_O
H_BGR ORM_HS_DSCREL_ALLO_NH_INTORM_HS_DSCREL_ALLO_NΣ
H_BGR ORM_HS_DSCREL_ALLO_NH_INTORM_HS_DSCREL_ALLO_NΣion_SR HSDPA_sess
HSDPA retainability
Two types of failure counter given only
• Radio link failure
• Other failure
An analogue KPI can be defined for streaming service
An analogue KPI for conversional service does not exist
KPI construction – call drop rate
HSDPA t i bilit
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HSDPA retainability
Typical target for HSDPA drop rate 1%
HSDPA usually more robust than R99 as more power available for
the radio link
KPI Definition
P i i l f 3G t k ti i ti
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Principles of 3G network optimization
Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification
KPI construction- KPI Factors
- Access and setup
- Drop (Retainability)
- Mobility
-Throughput
KPI construction – SHO success rate
Definition SHO success rate (SHO measurements M1007)
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UE
RRC: Measurement Report (Event 1A / 1B / 1C)
Setup phaseResource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission
(only Event 1A / 1C)
RRC: Active Set Update
Access phaseRNC waits reply from UE
RRC: Active Set Update Complete
BTS RNC
Definition SHO success rate (SHO measurements M1007)
SHO success rate
KPI construction – SHO success rate
SHO success rate
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_1ct_requestsreplacemensts_1bdrop_requeequests_1aaddition_r
t_updates _active_sesuccessful
s_rateSHO_succes
CELL A
CELL B
CELL C
SHO success rate
KPI checks reliability of SHO only
Problems like cell overlap or specific adjacencies discussed later
Attempt and success counted in all source cells
KPI construction – SHO success rate
SHO success rate
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FOR_NRTEQ_ON_SHO_ CELL_DEL_R _FOR_NRTREQ_ON_SHOCELL_REPL_
FOR_NRTEQ_ON_SHO_ CELL_ADD_R FOR_RTEQ_ON_SHO_ CELL_DEL_R
_FOR_RTREQ_ON_SHOCELL_REPL_ FOR_RTEQ_ON_SHO_ CELL_ADD_R
FOR_NRTES_ON_SHO_ SUCC_UPDATFOR_RTES_ON_SHO_ SUCC_UPDATs_RateSHO_Succes
SHO success rate
Number of successful active set updates in comparison to initial addition /deletion / replacement requests
Periodic reports are excluded (can occur e.g. in case of busy RNC not reactingimmediately to initial request)
KPI construction – SHO success rate
SHO success rate (example)
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SHO success rate (example)
NRT
RT
Typical target for SHO success rate 95%
CS more robust against low coverage / quality at cell edge than PS
Therefore higher SHO success rate
KPI construction – ISHO success rate
Definition ISHO success rate (ISHO measurements M1010)
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UE
RRC: Measurement Report (Event 1F)
RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration
RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete
BTS RNC
Definition ISHO success rate (ISHO measurements M1010)
ISHOsuccess
rate
UE put intocompressed mode
RRC: Measurement Control
RRC: Measurement ReportRxLev
measurements
RRC: Measurement Control
RRC: Measurement Report BSIC verification
MSC
RANAP Relocation required
RANAP Relocation command
RRC: HO from UTRAN Command
ISHOattempt
KPI construction – ISHO success rate
ISHO success rate
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ISHO divided into two phases
• Inter-system measurements
• Inter-system handover execution
• Attempt and success counted in all source cells
RT and NRT ISHO differ in nature
Counter and KPI are implemented separately for RT and NRT
In case of multi-RAB with at least one RT RAB counted as RT ISHO
ISHO may fail due to e.g.
• Missing target cell• Target cell has not enough coverage
• Target cell strongly interfered
• Configuration problem
or_ISHOsattempts_f
_ISHOssuccessfulss_rateISHO_succe
ISHO success rate
KPI construction – ISHO success rate
ISHO per trigger
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S O pe t gge
Attempt and success not only counted per RT / NRT, but also per trigger
•UL SIRTarget
•UL UE power (event 6A)
•DL RL power
•CPICH RSCP (event 1F)
•CPICH Ec /I0 (event 1F)
•IMSI based
•Emergency call
•Load based RTWP
•Load based TCP
•Load based HW / logical resources
•Load based code resources
•Services based
KPI construction – ISHO success rate
ISHO success rate RT
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RTELL_BLOCK_ ATT_ISHO_CWN_RTELL_SHUTDOATT_ISHO_C
AMR_RTATT_GANHO_ S_RT _UL_DCH_WPIS_HHO_ATT
_SB_RTIS_HHO_ATTC_RT _LB_RSVR_SIS_HHO_ATT
M_RT _LB_RES_LIIS_HHO_ATTT_RT _LB_PTX_TOIS_HHO_ATT
T_RT _LB_PRX_T OIS_HHO_ATTL_RT _LB_CAPA_UIS_HHO_ATT
L_RT _LB_CAPA_DIS_HHO_ATTL _EMERG_CALIS_HHO_ATT
_IM_IMS_RTIS_HHO_ATTO_RT _CPICH_ECNIS_HHO_ATT
P_RT _CPICH_RSCIS_HHO_ATTRT _DPCH_PWR_ IS_HHO_ATT
R_RT _UE_TRX_PWIS_HHO_ATTRT _UL_DCH_Q_ IS_HHO_ATT
_RTCELL_BLOCK SUCC_ISHO_ OWN_RTCELL_SHUTDSUCC_ISHO_
_AMR_RTSUCC_GANHOO_WPS_RTSUCC_IS_HH
O_SB_RTSUCC_IS_HHSC_RTO_LB_RSVR_ SUCC_IS_HH
IM_RTO_LB_RES_LSUCC_IS_HHOT_RTO_LB_PTX_TSUCC_IS_HH
OT_RTO_LB_PRX_TSUCC_IS_HHUL_RTO_LB_CAPA_ SUCC_IS_HH
DL_RTO_LB_CAPA_ SUCC_IS_HHLLO_EMERG_CASUCC_IS_HHTO_IM_IMS_R SUCC_IS_HH NO_RTO_CPICH_ECSUCC_IS_HH
CP_RTO_CPICH_RSSUCC_IS_HHPWR_RTO_DL_DPCH_ SUCC_IS_HH
WR_RTO_UE_TRX_PSUCC_IS_HH _RTO_UL_DCH_QSUCC_IS_HHΣ
ss_RTISHO_Succe
Analogue for NRT
For NRT no ISHO of emergency call, of WPS user and no ISHO to GAN
Attempt counter updated, if measurements successful, i.eGSM cell with sufficient RxLevand readable BSIC available
Success counter updated, if relocation from RNC to BSCsuccessful
KPI construction – ISHO success rate
ISHO success rate (example)
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NRT
RT
( p )
Typical target for ISHO success rate 90%/80% for RT/NRT
CS more robust against low coverage / quality at cell edge than PS
Therefore higher ISHO success rate
KPI construction – serving cell change success rate
Definition SCC success rate (intra-system HHO measurements M1008)
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UE
RRC: Measurement Report (e.g. Ec/Io)
NBAP Radio Link Reconfiguration Procedure
BTSSource
BTSTarget
SCC
successrate
RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration
RNC
NBAP Radio LinkReconfiguration
Procedure
RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete
Setup phaseResource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission
Access phaseRNC waits reply from UE
KPI construction – serving cell change success rate
Definition SCC success rate (intra-system HHO measurements M1008)
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ASOND_OTHER_RESCC_STARTEET_UPDD_ACTIVE_SSCC_STARTE
RROR D_UL_SIR_ESCC_STARTENOD_CPICH_ECSCC_STARTE
SFULBTS_SUCCESSCC_INTER_ SFULBTS_SUCCESSCC_INTRA_ s_rateSCC_succes
Attempt counted per trigger in source cell
•CPICH Ec/I0
•UL SIR error
•Active set update
•Other reason
Success counted in target cell
•Intra BTS target
•Inter BTS target (data in source BTS buffer lost)
KPI construction – serving cell change success rate
SCC success rate (example)
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Typical target for serving cell change success rate 95%
KPI Deifnition
Principles of 3G network optimization
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Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification
KPI construction
- KPI Factors
- Access and setup
- Drop (Retainability)
- Mobility
-Throughput
KPI construction – cell throughput
R99 throughput sent / received by RNC on DL / UL per cell
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60ATIONPERIOD_DUR 10008 _DATA_VOLNRT_DCH_DL RNCatThroughputAveraged-MACDLNRTR99
(cell throughput measurements M1023)
Transmission of MAC-d PDUs over DCH
Counter give data volume in byte
KPI give throughput in Kbit/s
60ATIONPERIOD_DUR 1000
8 _DATA_VOLNRT_DCH_UL RNCatThroughputAveraged-MACULNRTR99
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KPI construction – BTS throughput
HSDPA throughput arriving at / transmitted by BTS
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60 ATION PERIOD_DUR1000 S S_MACD_BIT RECEIVED_H hroughput Arriving_t
(HSPA in BTS measurements M5000)
60 ATION PERIOD_DUR1000
BITS D_HS_MACD_ -DISCARDE S S_MACD_BIT RECEIVED_H ut d_throughpTransmitte
Arrival and transmission of MAC-d PDUs over HS-DSCH
Counter gives data volume in Kbit
KPI give throughput in Mbit/s Discarded due to buffer overflow
KPI construction – layer 1 re-transmission
Transmission rate (HSPA in BTS measurements M5000)
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sd_MACd_PDUtransmittenumber_of_
ionsetransmissy_with_n_r d_correctls_deliveref_MACd_PDU1)number_o(n
on_rateTransmissi n
Example
100 PDUs with no re-transmission
16 PDUs with 1 re-transmission
3 PDUs with 2 re-transmissions
1 PDU with 3 re-transmissions
Transmission rate = (100 * 1 + 16 * 2 + 3 * 3 + 1 * 4) / (100 + 16 + 3 + 1)
Transmission rate = 145 / 120 = 1.21
1.21 transmissions over the air for 1 PDU 21% re-transmission overhead
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KPI construction – layer 1 re-transmission
Re-transmission overhead (example)
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Typical target for re-transmission overhead 10%
Too high or too low re-transmissions reduce system capacity